RU63038U1 - STEAM DRIP HEATER - Google Patents

Abstract

A steam-drop heater (steam-condensate heater) refers to the designs of devices that convert electrical energy into heat by means of an electric heating element (TEN), and is intended for autonomous heating of rooms as a local heating device using a heat transfer fluid (mainly water). The steam-drop heater contains a sealed hollow body 1, forming an obliquely located heating chamber 2, filled with a heat-transfer fluid, an electric heating element 4 inside the housing with current-carrying leads 5, fixed to the end wall 3 of the housing, bulk 6 and drain 7 nozzles with plugs 8, different support legs 9, the external ribbing of the body of the longitudinal 10 or transverse 11 type. In this case, the power of the heating element and the internal volume of the casing (the size of the steam-drop heater), the mass or volume of the heat-transfer fluid are determined from such a ratio that the operating pressure and temperature do not exceed the permissible values of P _add ≤0.07 MPa and T _add ≤115 ° C, the temperature T is preferable in the range of 100 ÷ 105 ° C, and the heater was in a submersible position, thus fulfilling the regulatory requirements for industrial safety of production facilities that use steam and hot-water vessels operating under pressure. 1 n.a. and 5 z.p. f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

A steam-drop heater (steam-condensate heater) refers to the designs of devices that convert electrical energy into heat, and can be used for autonomous heating of premises as a local heating device.

Known:

- an electric household heating device used to heat water, comprising a housing in the cavity of which electric heating elements are installed, a U-shaped cold water supply pipe connected to the lower part of the body, a flow control valve installed on the cold water supply pipe, a flow sensor connected to the knee of this pipeline and located together with the knee not lower than the upper part of the heat transfer surface of the electric heating elements, the water drainage pipe is connected to the casing in the upper part and located outside the casing, local hydraulic resistance installed in the water drainage pipe, and the flow sensor contains a membrane enclosed in a casing, communicating through an opening with an elbow of the cold water discharge pipe, a power switch for electric heating elements with a rod resting against the membrane , deflection limiter of the membrane with a through hole for

rod installed in this hole with the possibility of movement [RF Application No. 95100643, IPC F24H 1/20, Н05В 1/02, 10.27.1996];

- an electric heater containing a housing, in the cavity of which electric heating elements are mounted, attached to the upper housing cover made of heat-conducting material, with the possibility of thermal contact, a cold water supply pipe connected to the lower part of the housing, a heated water discharge pipe connected to the upper case cover , a safety thermal switch installed on the outside of the case on the top cover with the possibility of thermal contact, a water temperature thermostat with a sensor, is installed embedded inside the housing in a water-impervious heat-conducting casing, which is connected with the possibility of thermal contact to the upper cover of the casing, the electric heating elements are connected to the power supply through a thermostat and a safety thermal switch connected in series, and the casing height does not exceed 2.5 λF _b , where λ is coefficient of thermal conductivity of the casing material, t / μm; F _b - the cross-sectional area of the side wall of the casing, m ² [RF Application No. 95107097, IPC F24H 1/20, 01/20/1997];

- a heater, which is an electric heater, comprising a body of heat-insulating material with a heat-conducting top cover, in which tubular U-shaped electric heating elements with current-carrying leads located in the upper case cover are installed, a U-shaped cold water supply pipe with a pressure sensor located together with a pipe bend not lower than the upper part of the heat transfer surface of the electric heating elements, and the cold water supply pipe is connected to bottom of the housing, heated water discharge pipe attached to the top cover

a case in which local hydraulic resistance is installed, a water temperature regulator, the sensor of which is enclosed in a heat-conducting casing connected to the upper case lid with the possibility of thermal contact, a safety thermal switch mounted on the upper case lid and connected between the AC mains and the power supply busbars to the electric heater, and control device. [RF patent No. 2105433, IPC F24H 1/20, Н05В 1/02, 02.20.1998].

It is difficult to use the indicated devices - electric water heaters as heating devices, carry out heating of water for domestic needs, operate in the conditions of flowing heat carrier - water supply, and constitute complex constructive heat engineering hydraulic systems.

Known electric steam generator - a heating device for autonomous steam heating of rooms, containing a sealed housing with electrodes placed in its cavity, forming together with the housing a heating chamber combined with a reserve tank, a pipe used to supply steam to the heated system and receive condensate from it, a tight compensation a tank connected to the heating chamber below the level of the location of the electrodes and raised to a height N, a safety valve mounted on expansion capacity [RF Patent No. 2140609, IPC F24H 1/20, F22B 1/30, 10.27.1999].

Such an electric heating device operates in conditions of elevated pressures and temperatures, it is difficult to operate, in terms of its technical characteristics it belongs to hazardous production facilities and requires equipping with safety devices, it is a hydro, steam and heat engineering system not suitable for use as a local heating device.

It is known a heating device used to heat rooms with local heating systems filled with liquid coolants, converting electrical energy into heat, including a housing with a tubular element, a main and two additional phase electrodes installed alternately coaxially with the inside of the housing, each electrode contains a tubular element, diameter which differs from the diameter of other tubular elements, and when installed in the housing, forms an annular back gap with the tubular housing element anne value [RF Patent No. 2184910, IPC F24H 1/20, 07/10/2002].

Such a heating device is an electrical device that does not constitute an independent heating device, - an electrical device is designed to be installed in heating batteries in local heating systems as an electric heating element, it requires a certain preliminary adjustment of the system, selection of dimensions and configuration of elements, while the heating system is additionally supplied expansion tank, which complicates the heating system. Such a local heating system is not a local heating device.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is the creation of an autonomous heating device - steam drip heater (steam condensate heater), a simplified design, local in use, unpretentious in operation.

The technical result is a reliable and easy to manufacture design, with improved and adjustable possibilities of heat generation, local application. In addition, a construction of this kind makes it possible to use not only water, but also other liquids, for example, low boiling oils, as a heat transfer fluid.

The technical problem is solved by means of the proposed utility model, the device of which is a steam-drop (steam-condensate) heater containing a sealed housing on support posts, forming a heating chamber with a heat-transfer fluid, with an electric heating element located inside the housing with current-carrying leads fixed in the end α wall of the housing, the heating chamber is inclined, at an angle to the horizontal, so that the electric heating element is placed in the heating the chamber below the surface level of the liquid heat agent in working condition, with specific values of the power W of the electric heating element and volume V of the internal cavity of the housing (standard size of the vapor-drop heater), mass M or volume Q of the liquid heat agent in the heating chamber, layer h (cm) of liquid -heat agent above the electric heating element of the cross section d to ensure immersion of the electric heating element in the liquid phase of the heat agent, are determined from the ratio at which the operating pressure P and temperature T in the heating chamber did not exceed the permissible values: h _extra ≥0.5d, P _additional ≤0.07 MPa and T _additional ≤115 ° С, temperature T within 100 ÷ 105 ° С, providing isochoric reversible flow, is preferred thermodynamic process of heat exchange with the environment. The casing is made of metal, for example, from aluminum, cast iron or steel, in the form of a pipe or box of a rectangular, triangular or other closed section, without fins and / or with additional external fins - to increase the heat transfer surface of the heater, longitudinal or transverse, without insulation or with local or partially insulated housing surface. Electric heating element (TEN) submersible type, single or block, for example, tubular, tubular finned or tubular flexible type. Incline

According to the test results, the heating chamber is preferable at an angle α to 20 °, towards the end wall of the housing with an electric heating element, provided by the different height of the support posts spaced at the ends of the housing. The fastening of the electric heating element in the end wall of the housing is carried out by means of a fitting, gaskets or a nipple and a union nut.

The technical solution is illustrated by the example of its implementation. The drawing shows a General diagram (section) of a steam-drop heater (steam-condensate heater). The steam-drop heater (steam-condensate heater) contains a steel casing 1 with a heating chamber 2 and a lower end wall 3 for fixing an electric heating element, an electric heating element 4 with current-carrying leads 5, a bulk 6 and a drain 7 branch pipe with plugs 8, supporting posts 9, an external fins of the housing longitudinal 10 or transverse 11 views, as well as a fitting, gaskets or nipple and union nut with a stop (not shown) for fixing the electric heating element 4 to the end wall 3 of the housing 1.

A steam-drop heater (steam-condensate heater) is an electric heating device that operates on the principle of a closed cyclic conversion of the aggregate state of a heat-transfer fluid from a liquid phase to a vapor phase and vice versa, by condensation of steam (through droplet formation) into a liquid. A steam-drop heater (steam-condensate heater) operates (is used) as follows.

The heating chamber 2 of the housing 1 through the filler pipe 6 is filled with the estimated amount of heat transfer fluid (G), which, through the selected electric heating element 4, is partially converted in the heating chamber 2 into a vapor state (P), filling the internal volume of the sealed housing 1, through the walls of which, with with or without fins, giving off heat to the environment,

it cools, forming condensate (K), the droplets of which flow down the walls of the inner surface of the housing into an inclined heating chamber 2, maintaining the necessary level of the liquid phase above the electric heating element (TEN), thereby forming a heat transfer circuit Zh-P-K in the housing. A commonly used heat transfer fluid is water, but other liquids whose boiling point is close to the boiling point of water, for example, low boiling oils or similar coolants, are acceptable. A steam-drop heater (steam-condensate heater), as a local heating device, is installed at the place of need, in the room, for it to work, a normal power supply, for example, alternating current with a voltage of 220 volts, connected by an ordinary (standard) plug connection, is enough. To prevent burns in places of possible contact, the heater body is equipped with partial insulation of the surface of the body.

Such a device of a steam-drop heater (steam-condensate heater), ensuring the operation of the equipment under a pressure of not more than 0.07 megapascals and a water heating temperature of not more than 115 degrees Celsius, allows, in accordance with regulatory and technical legal acts, to classify a steam-drop heater (steam-condensate heater) as non-hazardous production facilities that use steam and hot water boilers, pressure vessels, steam and hot water pipelines. The heater can be equipped with a timer, means and systems for measuring and regulating pressure and temperature by changing the current strength or by applying voltage to the heater.

A steam-drop heater (steam-condensate heater) is simple in a hydraulic circuit and can be manufactured using standard components: a metal pipe, a heating element.

Bibliography

RF patent No. 2024800 dated January 11, 1991, IPC F24H 3/06, publ. 12/15/1994

RF patent No. 2006756 dated 06/13/1991, IPC F24H 3/06, publ. 01/30/1994

RF patent No. 2062963 from 08.10.1991, IPC F24H 3/06, publ. 06/27/1996

RF patent No. 2030693 dated 12/9/1991, IPC F24H 3/06, publ. 03/10/1995

RF application No. 94015108 dated 04/25/1994, IPC Н05В 1/02, Н05В 3/48, publ. 05/10/1997

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RF application No. 95100643 dated 01/13/1995, IPC F24H 1/20, Н05В 1/02, publ. 10/27/1996

RF application No. 95107097 dated 05/06/1995, IPC F24H 1/20, publ. 01/20/1997

RF application No. 95107613 dated 05/12/1995, IPC F24H 1/20, publ. 01/20/1997

RF patent No. 2105433 dated 03/01/1996, IPC F24 1/20, Н05В 1/02, publ. 02/20/1998

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RF patent No. 2184910 dated 02.20.2001, IPC F24H 1/20, publ. 07/10/2002

Claims (6)

1. A vapor-droplet heater comprising a sealed hollow metal casing with nozzles, forming a heating chamber filled with a liquid heat agent, an electric heating element with current-carrying leads placed inside the housing, characterized in that the heating chamber is inclined toward the end wall of the housing with the electric heating element, at an angle to the horizon on different-sized support posts spaced at the ends of the body, while the electric heating element is fixed in the end the wall of the heater body, is located in the heating chamber below the surface level of the liquid heat agent in working condition. 2. The steam-drop heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the submersible type electric heating element, of a single or block design, of a tubular, tubular finned or tubular flexible type is placed inside the housing. 3. The steam-drop heater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fixing of the electric heating element is carried out in the end wall of the heater body by means of a fitting, gaskets or nipple and union nut. 4. The steam-drop heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal housing of the heater is made of aluminum, cast iron or steel in the form of a pipe or box of a rectangular, triangular or other closed section, without ribbing or with an external finning of the housing surface. 5. The steam-drop heater according to claim 4, characterized in that the external finning of the housing surface is longitudinal or transverse, with partial insulation of the housing surface. 6. The steam-drop heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the power W of the electric heating element and the volume V of the body cavity, the layer h (cm) of the heat-transfer fluid above the electric heating element of the cross section d, the mass M or the volume Q of the heat-transfer fluid correspond to the ratio, wherein the operating pressure P and temperature T in the heating chamber do not exceed the permissible values: h _extra ≥0.5d, P _additional ≤0.07 MPa and T _additional ≤115 ° C, temperature T _additional in the range of 100-105 ° C, and tilt of the housing is preferable at an angle of up to 20 ° in st Ron end wall of the housing with the fixed electric heating element.