RU61709U1 - DEVICE FOR OBTAINING WATER-OIL AND EMULSION BY MECHANICAL MIXING OF OIL, WATER AND EMULSIFIER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is designed to obtain a water-oil emulsion. Achieved a higher performance when receiving a water-oil emulsion, its high uniformity and stability of the size of water droplets. This result is achieved by mechanical mixing of fuel oil, water and an emulsifier.

A device for producing a water-fuel oil emulsion by mechanical mixing of fuel oil, water and an emulsifier, containing shut-off and control valves, instrumentation, pipelines, contains console pumps in an amount of at least two, at least one dispersing pump, a preliminary mixer, a cavitation module , at least one collector, and the navigation module is a camera with a built-in nozzle and tube-channel and is designed for active mixing of a three-component mixture, and p The process of preparing a water-fuel oil emulsion in the device is carried out in the form of separate operations: mixing water with an emulsifier, mixing the resulting two-component mixture with fuel oil and bringing the three-component mixture to obtain the finished product - a fuel emulsion.

Description

Application area

The utility model is designed to obtain a water-oil emulsion.

State of the art

Known methods for producing a water-fuel emulsion, including the supply to the fuel of another component of water, both without the use of a stabilizing agent, or using a stabilizer. So, according to Japanese application N 57-205400, water is supplied to the fuel in small portions using a number of mixers. US Pat. No. 4,394,131 describes a method for emulsification using a rotary mill at a speed of 1650 rpm. In auto N 610551 describes a method for producing aqueous emulsions of mineral oil, comprising mixing a stabilizer of surfactant and oil, followed by the introduction of water into the resulting mixture. RF patent N 2021329 protects a method for obtaining a low-viscosity stable emulsion of the type oil-in-water, including mixing a viscous heavy component - a hydrocarbon, emulsifier and water at elevated temperature and water content up to 15 wt. and the subsequent addition of water to 20 to 30 wt. These methods do not allow to obtain stable emulsions from light fuel. Known methods for producing stable emulsions using a stabilizing agent of a surface-active substance (surfactant) (US patent N 4392865, Japanese application NN 49-149995, 5-31910, UK application N 2235465). According to Japanese application No. 1-252697, an oil / water emulsion is obtained using an anionic surfactant as a dispersing agent, which is initially mixed with water, and then a nonionic surfactant stabilizer is added to the resulting mixture.

Known methods of obtaining ensure the stability of water-fuel emulsions of light fuel for only a few minutes. In addition, oil-in-water emulsions have a strong corrosive effect on fuel equipment and are therefore not used.

A known method of producing emulsion fuel (international application WO 85/04183). The method involves mixing an emulsifier (0.53%) with fuel (84%) and then adding water to the resulting mixture.

The main disadvantage of the prototype method is to obtain an emulsion with low stability. For light fuel emulsions (diesel fuel, gasoline), stability is maintained from several minutes to several tens of minutes.

A known method (RF patent No. 2100413) for producing a water-fuel emulsion comprising mixing fuel, water and a stabilizer-surfactant, characterized in that the mixture is carried out in the emulsification unit with the same initial mass ratio of fuel and water or excess water with forced circulation formed emulsion with the gradual introduction of fuel into it to a predetermined ratio of fuel and water.

The disadvantage of this method is the low uniformity of the emulsion.

A known method of producing a fuel composition by mixing hydrocarbon fuel with water, followed by vibro-cavitation treatment of the mixture in a homogenizer having a stator and a rotor at a mixture flow rate of not more than 0.2 m3 / s per unit surface of the rotor and peripheral speed of rotation of not less than 12 m / s. Water is taken in an amount of 15-85% wt. / RU 2085270, C 10 L 1/32 /.

A known method of producing a fuel composition by mixing fuel oil with water in a mass ratio of 100: 5-25 and dispersing the resulting mixture through a narrow gap between the rotor and the stator. The mixture is fed to the rotating rotor along the axial line to interrupt the continuous flow of components, and the finished mixture is discharged along the radial line, perpendicular to the axial. A water-oil emulsion is obtained with an average particle size of water of 3-10 μm / B.M. Ivanov et al. "Fuel emulsions and suspensions", M., 1963, p.20, 56-57 /.

A known method (RU 2136721) for producing a fuel composition by separately supplying water and fuel oil to a dispersant on a rotating rotor with subsequent outlet of the finished product along a radial line, all water being supplied along an axial line, and fuel oil is supplied partially along an axial and partially along a radial line at an angle 25-35о to the radial line for the diversion of finished products. The mass ratio of fuel oil to water is 100: 5-25. It is advisable to supply all water and 40-80% of fuel oil along the center line, and 60-20% of fuel oil along the radial line.

However, the dispersion of water particles in fuel oil is insufficient.

A disadvantage of the known emulsions is also their low dispersion, significant emissions of nitrogen oxides, soot and carcinogenic hydrocarbons and increased fuel consumption.

A known method (RU 2205203) for producing a fuel composition by separately supplying water and fuel oil to a dispersant on a rotating rotor, comprising supplying water and

part of the fuel oil along the axial line, another part of the fuel oil along the radial line at an angle to the radial line of the outlet of the finished product using fuel oil with an initial moisture content of more than 1.6% and preliminary heating of water to 30-90 ° C.

The disadvantage of this method is the low uniformity of the emulsion.

A known method (RU 2213767) for producing a water-fuel emulsion from water, an emulsifier and fuel by dispersing them, characterized in that the dispersion is carried out in an apparatus using the principle of an electromagnetic vortex layer of ferromagnetic elements with a magnetic field rotation frequency of 1400-3000 rpm and an energy intensity of 2- 5 kW / dm3 in the working area.

The disadvantage of this method is the low uniformity of the emulsion, the instability of the size of the water droplets.

The closest is the method (RU 2100413) for producing a water-fuel emulsion, comprising mixing fuel, water and a stabilizer-surfactant, characterized in that the mixture is carried out in the emulsification unit with the same initial mass ratio of fuel and water or excess water with forced circulation formed emulsion with the gradual introduction of fuel into it to a predetermined ratio of fuel and water.

The disadvantage of this method is the low uniformity of the emulsion, the instability of the size of the water droplets, the use only for light fuel.

The objective of this utility model is to eliminate all the above disadvantages inherent in known methods.

Technical result

Achieved a higher performance when receiving a water-oil emulsion, its high uniformity and stability of the size of water droplets.

Achievement of a result

This result is achieved by mechanical mixing of fuel oil, water and an emulsifier.

A device for producing a water-fuel oil emulsion by mechanical mixing of fuel oil, water and an emulsifier, containing shutoff and control valves, instrumentation, pipelines, characterized in that it contains cantilever pumps in an amount of at least two, at least one dispersing pump, a preliminary mixer, cavitation module, at least one collector, and

the cavitation module is a chamber with an integrated nozzle and a tube channel and is designed for active mixing of a three-component mixture, and the process of preparing a water-oil emulsion in the device is carried out in the form of separate operations: mixing water with an emulsifier, mixing the resulting two-component mixture with fuel oil and bringing ternary mixture to obtain the finished product - fuel emulsion.

The installation is designed in such a way that it is capable of producing a water-fuel oil emulsion with both cavitation modules separately, in collaboration with dispersant pumps, or dispense with cavitation modules as well as without dispersant pumps.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device where 1, 2 are cantilever pumps, 3 is a pre-mixer, 4 is a dispersing pump, 5 is a cavitation module, 6, 7 are manifolds, 8, 9 are control valves, 10, 11 are flow meters , 12, 13, 14 - control valves, 15 - device for measuring pressure (pressure gauge).

Device essence

The device consists of one console pumps (1) and (2), at least 1 dispersing pump (4), a pre-mixer (3), a cavitation module (5), at least one collector (6), shut-off and control valves, control -measurement devices, pipelines.

The cavitation module (5) is a chamber with a nozzle and a tube-channel built into it and is designed for active mixing of a three-component mixture.

To control the operation and ensure safe operating conditions of the installation, control and shutoff valves are used.

The fittings must be marked with the manufacturer. As shutoff valves in the installation, it is preferable to use ball valves, because they are characterized by low hydraulic resistance, have a simple device, they can be quickly opened and closed.

The direction of rotation of the valve when opening or closing the valve must be indicated on the flywheel of the stop valves.

To control the process of preparation of water-fuel oil emulsion in the installation, control and measuring instruments for measuring flow and pressure are used.

Instrumentation for measuring flow are flow meters (10), (11). As flowmeters, a PPO - 40 / 0.6 MPa type flow meter can be used for measuring fuel oil consumption and a VSKM - 32 type flow meter for measuring water flow with an emulsifier.

As control and measuring instruments for measuring pressure, a manometer (15) is used, capable of assessing the pressure of a three-component mixture (fuel oil + water + emulsifier) at the outlet of the pump (2) (0 ... 10 kgf / cm ² ).

The principle of operation of the device

The process of preparing a water-fuel oil emulsion consists of separate operations:

- mixing water with an emulsifier

- mixing the resulting two-component mixture with fuel oil

- bringing the three-component mixture to obtain the finished product - fuel emulsion.

Mixing water with an emulsifier is as follows.

Water is pumped into a water tank into which an emulsifier is previously introduced.

Emulsifier consumption is about 2-3 kg / t. The resulting mixture is pumped (1) to the pre-mixer (3).

The mixture of water-emulsifier with fuel oil is as follows.

Fuel oil pump (2) is fed into the mixer simultaneously with the water-emulsifier mixture.

The required fuel oil flow rate (0-30 m ³ / h) is set using the control valve (8), the flow control is carried out according to the flow meter (10).

The required water flow rate is set using the control valve (9), flow control is carried out according to the flow meter (11).

Obtaining a fuel emulsion is as follows.

The three-component mixture (fuel oil - water - emulsifier) enters the distribution manifold (6). From the collector (6), depending on the requirements of the technology, the mixture is sent through cranes (12) either to the cavitation modules (5), or bypassing them.

Next, the mixture enters the collector (7). From the collector (7) by means of taps (13), the mixture is sent to the finished product collector or to dispersant pumps (4).

The installation scheme allows the use of cavitation modules separately, in collaboration with pumps - dispersants or without cavitation modules (5), and without pumps - dispersants (4).

The operation of the cavitation module (5) is based on the phenomenon of cavitation that occurs when the mixture leaves the nozzle under pressure at high speed. In this case, local

a sharp drop in pressure and vapors and gases dissolved in it begin to stand out from the liquid. Bubbles of vapor, carried away by the liquid through the tube-channel to the region of higher pressure, quickly condense. The liquid instantly penetrates into the voids formed during the condensation of the bubbles, which leads to numerous small hydraulic shocks, due to which the mixture is actively mixed, turning into a homogeneous emulsion.

The electrical contact pressure gauge (15) is adjusted according to Pmin - to a pressure of 3-4 kgf / cm ² , according to Pmax - to the upper value of the pressure gauge scale (it is not used in operation).

Before using the installation, fill the flow part of the pumps with the working medium: pump (2) - with fuel oil; pump (1) - water with an emulsifier. To fill the pumps open the valves on the suction and pressure pipelines.

The pumps are started after the flow part is filled with the working medium. When leaving the pump, the flow, depending on the quality of the emulsion obtained (in accordance with the requirements of the technological regulations), enters the collection of the finished product according to one of two options:

1. The flow from the pump (2), passing through the collector (6), is sent to the cavitation modules (5) then to the collector (7) and to the finished product collector;

2. The flow from the pump (2) through the collector (6) enters the cavitation modules (5) then to the collector (7) and then through the dispersing pumps (4) to the finished product collector.

Claims (1)

A device for producing a water-oil emulsion by mechanical mixing of fuel oil, water and an emulsifier, comprising shut-off and control valves, instrumentation, pipelines, characterized in that it contains cantilever pumps in an amount of at least two, at least one dispersing pump, a preliminary mixer, cavitation module, at least one collector, and the cavitation module is a camera with a built-in nozzle and a tube-channel and is designed for active mechanical transfer Shivani ternary mixture of: water, oil and emulsifier.