RU5799U1 - PLANT FOR PRODUCING LOWER OLEFINS FROM OIL - Google Patents

Abstract

Installation for producing lower olefins from oil, containing sections for heating and evaporation of raw materials and a section for heating and pyrolysis of the steam mixture, characterized in that it further comprises a distillation column for separating vapor from oil, the bottom of which is equipped with a nozzle for introducing an evaporating agent located between the section for heating and evaporation and a heating and pyrolysis section, wherein the raw material exit from the heating and evaporation section is connected with the raw material inlet to the column, and the steam mixture exit from the top of the column is connected with its input into the heating and pyrolysis section.

Description

IVlMCIOe 9/00

INSTALLING J GET SHZPIH

The inventive installation is related to installations for the iodine reduction of lower olefins from oil and can be used in enterprises of the oil refining and petrochemical industries.

A well-known installation for the production of lower olefins from oil, consisting of two unrelated plants: the primary oil refining unit, which produces liquefied dostyllate and residual fractions (see I. Gurevich, Oil and gas processing technology, hL, M., Chemistry , 1972, p. 301), and the installation of hydrocarbon pyrolysis, on which the obtained dodilate fractions are pyrolyzed (see D. N. Tmenov and yes. Intensification of the pyrolysis processes, p. 39.40; Fedorov BC and others. Prospects for the production of petrochemicals about fruit pyrolysis coal hydrogens. SchIITneftekhim., M ,, 1972, p. 68).

The primary oil refining unit includes a pre-evaporation column (topping) with condensate; a satator-cooler and an irrigation tank, a tubular furnace (the diagram shows one furnace for 2 columns - topping and atmospheric), the main atmospheric column with stripping for the output of dastilla.t, condenser M - a refrigerator and an irrigation tank, stabilization column with a riboiler (boiler) OOMINS FROM OIL

khvdedebatopro no-cold and a capacity of irrigation. If it is necessary to direct to gas pyrolysis the topping columns of the necessary one, an additional air conditioning unit (not shown in the diagram).

The hydrocarbon pyrolysis unit (a tube pyrolysis furnace) consists of a convection part for heating and evaporating raw materials with the introduction of water vapor and a radiation chamber for heating the vapors and reaction (at t up to 860 ° С).

A disadvantage of the known installation for producing lower olefins is the presence of a large leather apparatus, large capex and energy consumption.

The purpose of creating this utility model is to eliminate all of the above disadvantages, namely: creating a simpler installation and reducing energy costs when using it & Shi.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that in the installation containing the heating and evaporation sections of the raw materials and the heating and pyrolysis sections of the steam mixture, a distillation column for separating vapors from oil is additionally installed, the bottom of which is equipped with a nozzle for introducing an evaporating agent (water vapor). This column is located by heating and evaporation sections and a heating and pyrolysis section, while the output of raw materials from the heating and evaporation section is associated with the input of raw materials to the column, and the steam mixture exit from the top of the column with its entrance to the heating and pyrolysis section.

Distinctive features of the proposed installation is the installation between the heating and evaporation sections of the heating and pyrolysis of a distillation column for separating vapors from oil with its vaporizing agent inlet fitting located below.

The proposed installation allows you to combine the yes process: the process of primary oil refining and the process of obtaining lower olefins from gasoline fractions, which will make it possible to significantly simplify the process of producing lower olefins from oil, eliminating condensation-cold equipment for vapors leaving the distillation columns, reflex tanks and separators, reduce the number of furnaces, distillation columns, etc.

Fig. 1 schematically shows the proposed device. The plant for producing lower olefins contains a section I - for heating and evaporation of oil (this section may consist of regenerative heat exchangers and a process furnace), a distillation column 2 with a steam inlet pipe located at the bottom of the column, strips 3 and 4 for the output of distillate pro. duktov (heavy gasoline fraction, kerosene-diesel fractions), at the bottom of each of the strips there is a steam inlet fitting (when sampling 2 columns of a wide gasoline fraction from boiling point up to 18O-200 C, gasoline stripping is not installed poured) and section 5 of the heating and evaporation (pyrolysis reactor).

Section I is connected by a pipeline to a distillation column 2, and the top of a column 2 is connected by a pipeline to a section 5. To the pipeline, the connecting column 2 and section 5 are connected

water vapor input line, through which water vapor, which is missing in the balance of section 5, is supplied - (in addition to the steam supplied from column 2 and strips 3 and 4),

Installation works as follows. The oil is heated and evaporated to the required fraction of distillate in the heating and evaporation section I,

 about

and

where it is sent to distillation column 2, Oil temperature at the inlet to column 2 is 38O-400 ° C. Column 2 operates at a pressure of 6 - II kg / e U 2 (pressure is determined by the structural characteristics of the projection 5, affecting its resistance). A vaporizing agent (water vapor) is supplied to the bottom of column 2, which reduces the partial pressure of oil vapor and provides a steam stream in the distant part of column 2. The temperature of the bottom of the column is 2385 ° C. It is possible to use hydrocarbon gas as an evaporating agent (in whole or in part).

The kerosene-dazel fraction I8O-350 C is taken from column 2 through lateral stripping J, downstream of which water vapor is also supplied. The temperature in stripping is 5-320 ° С. The heavy gasoline fraction 85-180 0, which is the raw material for reforming, is selected from the column 2 through the side stripping 4, down which is supplied with water vapor. The temperature in stripping is 4 - 174 ° С. Vapors of gasoline fraction C-J- 85 ° С with water vapor are fed, c. section for heating vapors and pyrolysis 5. An additional amount of heated water vapor, which is a diluent in the pyrolysis process, is also supplied here. The temperature of the top of the column 2 - 146 ° C.

As one of the schemes, water vapor, which is an evaporating agent in devices 2, 3, 4, is sent to section 5, where it plays the role of a steam diluent, that is, the amount of water vapor required for pyrolysis decreases. The lack of condensation refrigeration equipment for the vapors on top of column 2 also leads to energy savings in the installation. In this case, section 5 can be performed both in a self-contained furnace and in combination with the section “It could be located at the entrance to section 5

 4

a heat exchanger for preheating a steam-gas mixture (with the aim of eliminating the possibility of condensation; censate in pipes and fittings). Thanks to the use of this unit, it is possible to combine the process of primary distillation of oil with the pyrolysis of gasoline fractions extracted from oil, which lead to a reduction in capex by reducing the number of distillation and capacitive equipment, furnaces, condensation-cold equipment, etc. and reducing total energy costs for both processes.

f) jcf s

"5 -ycrnQHoekia

Claims (1)

Installation for producing lower olefins from oil, containing sections for heating and evaporation of raw materials and a section for heating and pyrolysis of the steam mixture, characterized in that it further comprises a distillation column for separating vapor from oil, the bottom of which is equipped with a nozzle for introducing an evaporating agent located between the section for heating and evaporation and a heating and pyrolysis section, wherein the raw material exit from the heating and evaporation section is connected with the raw material inlet to the column, and the steam mixture exit from the top of the column is connected with its input into the heating and pyrolysis section.