RU5744U1 - METAL ROLLING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for rolling metal, including a casing, a working stand with rolling rolls and a descaling tool, characterized in that the rolling rolls are mounted with the possibility of cyclic spatial displacement to ensure cyclically changing deformations during rolling in the cross sections of the roll. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cage with the rolling rolls is mounted with the possibility of periodic opposite rotation in the vertical plane at a limited angle relative to the axis of rolling. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rolls are mounted with the possibility of periodic opposite rotation of each roll in a vertical plane around their transverse axes. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical working surface of the opposed rolling rolls is made at the same angle to their longitudinal axis, while the rolls are mounted in a stand with the possibility of rotation in one phase.

Description

A device for rolling metal.

The utility model relates to the processing of metals by pressure and is intended for use in the manufacture of rolled products from billets tucked up by furnace heating.

The prior art devices for pressure treatment of metals preheated in a furnace with subsequent processing between rotating rolls, see, Polytechnic dictionary. Soviet Encyclopedia, Moscow, 1980, p. 414- 415.

A disadvantage of the known devices is the insufficient degree of development of metal over the rolling section and the rolling of scale into metal, which reduces the quality of the rolled product.

It is also known a device for rolling metal, comprising a housing with rolling rolls and a means for blowing scale (prototype), see A.SSSSR No. 816599, class. B 21 B 45/04, 1979.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively low quality of metal processing due to the low degree of metal working between the rollers in the working stand.

The technical problem solved by the utility model is to improve the quality of rolled products by increasing the efficiency of descaling and metal working over the section of the roll.

The solution to this problem is provided by the fact that in the rolling device comprising a housing with rolling rolls and means for descaling, according to a utility model, the rolling rolls are mounted with the possibility of cyclic spatial displacement to ensure cyclically changing torsional deformations in the cross sections of the roll. The rolling rolls can be installed with the possibility of cyclic opposite rotation in the vertical plane relative to the axis of rolling, and with the possibility of periodic opposite rotation of each roll in the vertical plane around their cross sections.

Utility model.

M.C. B21 B 45/04

in addition, the cylindrical working surface of the opposed rolling rolls can be made at the same angle to their longitudinal axis, while the rolls must be installed in the stand with the possibility of rotation in one phase.

In FIG. 1-3 shows rolling with periodic rotation of the rolls around the axis

rolling;

in FIG. 4-7 shows the compression and torsion modes of the workpiece; in FIG. 8 and 9 show the deformation zone;

in FIG. 10 and 11 show rolling with periodic rotation of each roll around their transverse axes; in FIG. 12 is a diagram of a workpiece deformation;

in FIG. 13-15 depict compression and shear deformation of the workpiece; in FIG. 16 - calibrated rolls; in FIG. 17-19 - compression modes in calibrated rolls.

The device includes a stand 2 installed in the housing 1 with horizontal rolls 3 and 4 with smooth barrels (see figure 1; positions 1 and 2 are shown conditionally). The descaling agent is made similar to the prototype and is an apparatus 5 (shown conditionally) connected to a high-pressure source to create a stream of a gaseous agent directed to the blank 6 to blow off exfoliated scale.

When rolling the workpiece 5 to give it a torsional strain in the first pass, the stands give periodic rotation movements in a vertical plane relative to the axis of rolling by an angle ± p (see Fig. 2 and 3). Such a rotation of the stand can be carried out in any known manner, for example, by installing its right and left beds on mutually connected hydraulic cylinders (not shown conditionally). Retention of the workpiece from turning in front of the stand can also be carried out using any known means, for example, by installing vertical po. (1ick (not shown conventionally).

At the initial moment of capture of the workpiece, the compression on each roll is uniform and equal to D N / 2 (see Fig. 4). As the cage rotates counterclockwise and clockwise (see Fig. 5-7), the unevenness of deformation on the upper and lower surfaces will increase, reaching its maximum at rotation angles - + p and -p. Wherein

the total compression of the workpiece over the cross section remains constant and the rectangularity of the cross section is maintained. The lengths of the deformation zones along the length of the barrel on the surface of the workpiece will cyclically change from when the section is rotated clockwise (see, Fig. 8) to b 1 b when turned counterclockwise (see Fig. 9). The length of the non-focal zone of deformation will also cyclically vary from b2 to 1 b2 1 s. A periodic change in the lengths of non-contact zones of deformation creates a difference in hoods in width both on the upper and lower surfaces, which contributes to the grinding of scale before entering the deformation zone. In another embodiment, each roll is periodically rotated through an angle ± a in a vertical plane around their transverse axes (see FIGS. 10 and 11). This periodic movement of the rolls can be carried out by various means, for example, by means of pressure screws cyclically acting on the roll cushions (to hell, not shown conditionally).

With the passage of the deformation zone, the rectangular billet will experience, in addition to torsion deformation, also mutually opposite shear deformations due to the friction forces between the roll and the workpiece (see Fig. 12) that occur during rotation

rolls at an angle a, moreover, shear deformations will be symmetrically directed relative to the central vertical plane of the workpiece, since compression stress arises in the part H N and M C in the workpiece, which impede the flow of metal along the roll barrel in the direction of N A and M C, pulling the metal with faces A and C.

In the NTD and BTVI sections in the workpiece, tensile stresses act due to the compressible metal of the central layers, which contribute to the flow of metal along the forming barrel of the roll in the direction / | Such shear deformations are symmetrically directed relative to the central vertical plane of the workpiece with each rotation of the rolls. When the rolls turn from O to a (clockwise, the sides AB and CD of the billet cross section in the center undergo tensile strains, trying to elongate by the amount: А В Y4F (2R + Нз) (1-soy (х) М4, (Г)

where R is the radius of the rolls; And - the height of the workpiece at the exit of the caliber. The cross-section metal of the workpiece in the direction of the diagonals extends opposite deformations. The metal in the direction of the AC diagonal experiences tensile stresses and tends to elongate to a size

А В l / Bj + Hi 2 (2R + Н.) (2R - 2Rcosa - В sina), (2)

where Bz is the width of the workpiece at the exit of the caliber.

In the direction of the BD diagonal, the metal experiences compression stresses and tends to reduce its length to a value

BiD, - Vz + 2 (2R + Нз) {2R - 2Rcosa - В sina) (3)

At an angle a О in the cross section of the preform, compression strain predominates. The next time the rolls are rotated by an angle of + a, turning it clockwise, the metal on the sides AB and DC again experiences tensile deformations simultaneously with the metal in the direction of the diagonal BD. and on the AB diagonal, they experience tensile strains similar to strains when the rolls turn clockwise. Such a cyclic change in deformations along the cross section of the workpiece contributes not only to the separation of scale from the surface, but also to intensive processing of metal throughout the cross section of the workpiece.

The thickness of the workpiece during the rotation of the rolls will periodically slightly vary from size Hj to

Hjcosa + 2R (cos a -1). (4)

During subsequent rolling of such a workpiece in box gauges, these deviations from the dimensions of the cross section of the workpiece will be eliminated. To create torsion strain in calibrated rolls 3 and 4, a cylindrical working surface is made at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the roll with their intersection in the center of the roll, and the tilt angles on the upper and lower rolls are the same and are in the same phase when they rotate. The section of the roll in the deformation zone undergoes changes: from a rectangular section to a parallelogram when the rolls rotate from the initial position at O (see Fig. 18) relative to the horizontal axis to at maks. (Fig. 17 and 19). This periodically repeated deformation allows the metal to be worked through and creates an uneven extra focal deformation, which contributes to the separation of scale from the surface of the workpiece.

The thickness of the workpiece after rolling in a straight gauge remains almost constant. For rolling, for example, a workpiece with a cross section of 150 x .150 mm in rolls with a diameter of 200 mm and a total compression of 20 mm with the rolls turning around the axis of rolling by 5, the amount of compression across the width of the workpiece per each roll will change by ± 3.9 mm. The total compression of the workpiece remains constant. The length of the deformation zone is determined by the dependence V R A Н and varies from 1 in 56.7 mm to I max 69.1 mm. The length of the extra-focal zone of deformation is determined by the dependence I hi- L 1.31 - 1.31 - 1 0.31 and will vary from 17 mm to 20.7 mm. Such a change in the lengths of the extra focal zones guarantees the separation of the scale from the base metal. With periodic rotations of each roll to z compressions across the width of the workpiece will change as in the previous case. The additional compression of the blank length will be 1.25 mm according to formula (4). This additional compression is periodically summed up with the general compression, which additionally increases the non-uniformity of extrafocal deformation by 0.37 mm and contributes to the separation of scale from the metal and its intensive removal by blowing. Periodic cuvette of the rolls creates compression and tension of the workpiece metal in the direction of the diagonals, the values of which, according to the dependencies (2 and 3) are 21.6 and 2.9 mm, respectively, which contributes to the intensive processing of the workpiece metal, increasing the quality of the finished product.

As a result of tests, it was found that the scale from the surface of the heated metal is completely removed and there are no defects on the rolled profile surface. The structure of the finished metal is worked out over the entire cross section. Thus, the proposed device allows to improve the quality of rolled products by efficiently removing scale and working metal throughout the section of the roll.

Claims (4)

1. A device for rolling metal, comprising a housing, a working stand with rolling rolls and a descaling agent, characterized in that the rolling rolls are mounted with the possibility of cyclic spatial displacement to ensure cyclically changing deformations when rolling in the cross sections of the roll.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stand with rolling rolls is mounted with the possibility of periodic opposite rotation in a vertical plane at a limited angle relative to the axis of rolling.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rolling rolls are mounted with the possibility of periodic opposite rotation of each roll in a vertical plane around their transverse axes. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical working surface of the opposed rolling rolls is made at the same angle to their longitudinal axis, while the rolls are mounted in a stand with the possibility of rotation in one phase.