RU56150U1 - STEREO-CRANIOMETER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to measuring devices and can be used in medicine for morphometric studies to create a three-dimensional model of the skull. For the first time, we constructed a stereo-carniometer device containing a base with X- and Y-guides located on it, characterized in that the base is made in the form of a horizontal bed, with an X-guide rigidly fixed on it, on which a vertical guide is mounted with its possible movement along X -the guide, on the vertical guide, a Y-guide is installed with the possibility of its movement along the vertical guide and perpendicular to the X-guide, and at the end of the Y-guide, the clamp is rigidly fixed, d For fixing the interchangeable hook probe. There is a set of hook-shaped probes, the working (bent) ends of which have different lengths. The hook-shaped probe can be rotated in the clamp, which makes it possible to set the working end up, down, right or left. To determine the position of the point on the skull, a correction is introduced for a measurement equal to the length of the working (bent) end of the probe. The developed design of the stereocarniometer allows determining the position of points on the skull in hard-to-reach areas (behind ridges, in the fossa) with great accuracy.

Description

The utility model relates to measuring devices and can be used in medicine for morphometric studies to recreate the three-dimensional structure of organs.

A known device - craniobasiometer (Speransky BC "Craniobasiometer" / Speransky VS, Savinkov VP // Questions of morphology and surgical surgery: Transactions of the Saratov Medical Institute. - Saratov, 1971. - 76-78 p.), Which allows to determine spatial coordinates of the formations located on the outer base of the skull. The device consists of two rectangular frames, which are the base, fastened with vertical uprights, a table in which the skull is placed, and a measuring device that slides in grooves along the X- and Y-guides of the base. The design of the table allows you to rotate it around the horizontal axis and fix the skull in the outer direction. After installing the skull and fixing it, the probe of the measuring device is brought to the outer point of the skull. The coordinates are read from the graduated rulers of the measuring device. The disadvantage of this device is the inability to determine the position of a point on the skull, lying behind the crest, or located in the depth of the fossa, because installation of the probe at such points is not possible.

For the first time, we constructed a stereocraniometer that allows us to determine the position of a point on the skull located behind the ridges, in the pits, in a three-dimensional coordinate system.

In figure 1. The construction of a stereo-craniometer is shown, where:

1. - base on which the horizontal guide is fixed

2. - horizontal guide for moving along the X axis

3. - vertical stand

4. - horizontal Y-guide

5. - hook probe

A horizontal guide 2. is installed on the base 1. along which a vertical post 3 moves. Along the vertical guide 3. a horizontal guide 4. (Y axis) moves, on which the hook-shaped probe 5 is fixed in the clamp.

The hook-shaped probe 5. can rotate in the clamp, thereby its working end can be installed up, down, right or left, which is necessary when measuring complex reliefs of the skull. In addition, by replacing the probe with similar ones, but with a longer working end, it is possible to determine the position of the point on the skull behind the ridges or in the fossa of various sizes. To determine the position of a point on the skull behind the crest or in the fossa, in the coordinate system, the hook-shaped probe is installed at the necessary point by moving it along the guides, and the hook-shaped probe is previously set to the required length and rotated in the desired direction. The length of the working (bent) end of the hook probe is selected in accordance with the height of a particular ridge or the depth of the pit. When calculating the coordinates of the defined point, a correction is introduced equal to the length of the working (bent) end of the probe. The stereo-craniometer allows you to determine the position of any point on the skull without additional reinstallation, which determines the high accuracy of the measurement. The maximum error on all axes is not more than 0.05 mm.

The stereocraniometer we developed allows us to determine the position of points in a three-dimensional coordinate system, for example, in the nasal cavity, to derive their projections on the outer surface of the skull, which is very important for practical otorhinolaryngology.

Claims (1)

A stereocraniometer containing a base with an X-guide and a Y-guide located on it, characterized in that the X-guide is rigidly fixed to the base, on which a vertical guide is mounted with the possibility of moving it along the X-guide, a Y-guide with the ability to move it along the vertical guide and perpendicular to the X-guide, and on the end of the Y-guide is fixedly fixed clip for fixing with the possibility of rotation of removable hook-shaped probes with different long working ends.