RU54775U1 - CARRIAGE TROLLEY UNDER REMOVABLE STRETTERS FOR SANITARY VEHICLES - Google Patents

Abstract

A trolley for removable stretchers for an ambulance vehicle is proposed, designed to transport sick and injured people both to an ambulance ambulance (land, water, air) and inside the vehicle, when unloading from it and delivered to a stationary clinic (hospital), as well as for further transportation inside the clinic (hospital). This wheeled trolley contains a supporting frame with three crossbars and with two front support wheels made interacting with a pallet fixedly mounted on the vehicle, mounted on a supporting frame with the ability to rotate the front and rear chassis with pairs of support wheels at their lower ends, a device for mounting a stretcher on a trolley, a lock for mounting a trolley with a stretcher on a pallet and a device for folding the chassis having front and rear locking devices for, respectively, front and rear chassis. There is a device for automatic locking of the chassis, including two brackets fixedly mounted on the front of the supporting frame, in the lower part of which there is a first rotary axis with first, second and third levers rigidly fixed on it, the first and second levers are connected by a second axis on which the front support wheels, in this case, the first, second and third levers together with the first rotary axis form a rigid spatial system in the form of a two-shouldered lever-converter, which performs the function of a sensor I have a trolley and transferring the load from the front support wheels through the third lever to the first pusher kinematically connected to it, movably mounted on the supporting frame using a parallelogram linkage and spring-loaded relative to it, behind the first pusher there is a second pusher, also movably mounted on the supporting frame using a parallelogram lever mechanism and spring-loaded relative to it, while the first pusher is kinematically connected with the front locking device of the front chassis a back stop and a second pusher connected kinematically to the rear locking device adjustable chassis and is connected with the thrust roller which interacts with the rear focus of the first pusher. Using the proposed utility model allows: 1. To increase the reliability of the trolley by simplifying its design and reducing the number of highly loaded parts and assemblies, as well as by providing automatic (independent of the operator) control of the front and rear chassis when they are fixed / unlocked. 2. Improve the convenience of working with the trolley by facilitating the work of the operator by eliminating the need to hold the trolley with the patient on the weight and ensure only pushing working movement. 3. Significantly reduce the risk of patient injuries and increase the efficiency of paramedics by eliminating the need to work with controls directly in the process of loading and unloading a trolley with a patient on a stretcher. 4. Significantly reduce the effects of vibration and shaking during transportation of the patient to his head by applying a special vibration damper-shock absorber located in front of the trolley, which is especially important for craniocerebral injuries and strokes. 1 n.p.ph., 1 e.p.ph., 3 L.ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of medicine and can be used to transport sick and injured people both from the place of loading of the sick or injured to the ambulance ambulance (land, water, air), and inside the vehicle, when unloading from it and delivery to a stationary clinic (hospital), as well as for further transportation inside the clinic (hospital) to the place of patient unloading.

There are various designs of wheelchairs with a stretcher for transporting patients, for example, “Stretcher-wheelchair NK-01” and “Chair-wheelchair-stretcher folding KNK-01”, the company “Dolgoprudnensky Scientific and Production Research”, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region .

Such devices for transporting patients provide transportation of patients (victims) to the vehicle, as well as inside the vehicle.

However, the field of use of such devices is limited by their design features - high weight and low functionality, which reduce their reliability during operation and increase the risk of additional injury to the transported patient.

Various designs of wheelchairs for removable stretchers are also known, see, for example, RF patent N2141811, A 61 G 1/02, B 62 V 3/00, 1997; US patent N4192541, A 61 G 1/02, B 62 V 3/02, 1978; UK Patents N1544281, 62B 3/02, 1976; N 1535395, B 62 B 3/02, 1978; N2283415, A 61 G 1/02, 1993; N,2289113, A 61 G 1/02, 1994; German application N29502088.1, A 61 G 1/02, 1995; U.S. Patent N5365622, A 61 G 1/02, 1992; N5435027, A 61 G 1/02, 1995, etc.

Such wheelchairs, although they allow transporting sick or wounded patients with the help of a stretcher mounted on top of them, however, due to some features of their rather complex designs, they usually have insufficient rigidity, are not technologically advanced to manufacture and are rather inconvenient for medical personnel when folding and rolling into a vehicle.

The closest solution to the claimed is the known design of the trolley under the circuit stretcher for a sanitary vehicle according to the patent of the Russian Federation N2102053, A 61 G 1/02, 1996.

Such a trolley contains a top panel (supporting frame) with support rollers (front wheels) pivotally mounted on the front and rear chassis with support wheels at the lower ends, a device for folding the chassis, a device for attaching a stretcher to a trolley and a lock for fastening a trolley with a stretcher on a pallet fixedly mounted on the vehicle.

In this case, the device for folding the chassis is made in the form of a horizontal two-link lever mechanism connecting the lower parts of the front and rear chassis, and a pedal mounted on the rear links, as well as an inclined two-link lever mechanism connecting the rear chassis with the panel, on the lower links of which the cross member is fixed, There are also front and rear spring-type locking devices for fixing the chassis in the folded and unfolded positions.

In addition, an emphasis is fixed on the pedals for the lower links of the inclined mechanism, and the pallet is equipped with a rotatable front tip and a lock for the trolley in the form of a rotary spring-loaded plate.

Such a trolley, although it allows you to transport a stretcher

with the patient, however, its scope is substantially limited by the fact that:

firstly, when driving a trolley into a vehicle, the operator has to synchronize the operation of his legs with the movement of the trolley when it enters the pallet, since the operator must stand on one leg and work with the other, while keeping the weight of the patient and trolley distracted, what is dangerous for the patient;

secondly, the design of the trolley is cumbersome, has a large mass and is unreliable in operation;

thirdly, in this design, when loading the trolley into the vehicle and when unloading from it, the hinged joints of the front and rear chassis are fixed directly by the operator using special fixing springs, which leads either to unreliable fixation when using weak springs, or to the need the operator must exert great effort when using strong springs.

The problem to which the claimed utility model is directed is to increase the operational efficiency of a wheelchair with a stretcher for transporting the patient by increasing the convenience of its operation, as well as by reducing the likelihood of unexpected failure.

When implementing this utility model, it is possible to obtain a technical result consisting in a significant increase in the reliability of the trolley by simplifying its design and reducing the number of highly loaded parts and assemblies, as well as by providing automatic (independent of the operator) control of the front and rear chassis when fixing them / release, and, in addition, to facilitate the work of the operator by

elimination of the need to hold a trolley with a patient on the weight and ensure only a pushing working movement.

The specified result is achieved by the fact that in a known trolley containing a supporting frame with a pair of front support wheels, made interacting with a pallet, fixedly mounted on the vehicle, mounted on a supporting frame with the ability to rotate the front and rear chassis with pairs of supporting wheels on their lower ends, a device for attaching a stretcher to a trolley, a lock for mounting a trolley with a stretcher on a pallet and a device for folding the chassis having front and rear locking devices for the front and rear chassis, respectively

firstly, the supporting frame is equipped with three cross members,

secondly, an automatic locking device was introduced, which includes:

two brackets fixed on the front of the supporting frame, in the lower part of which is the first rotary axis with the first (left), second (right) and third (central) levers rigidly fixed on it, the first and second levers are connected by the second axis on which the front support wheels, while the first, second and third levers together with the first rotary axis form a rigid spatial system in the form of a two-shouldered lever-converter, which performs the function of a position sensor of the trolley and transmitting loading from the front support wheels through the third lever onto a first pusher kinematically connected with it, movably fixed to the supporting frame using a parallelogram linkage mechanism and spring-loaded relative to it,

behind the first pusher there is a second pusher, also movably mounted on the supporting frame using a parallelogram lever mechanism and spring-loaded relative to it,

the first pusher is kinematically connected with the front locking device of the front chassis and the rear stop, and the second pusher is kinematically connected with the rear locking device of the rear chassis and connected to the thrust roller made interacting with the rear focus of the first pusher.

In addition, the trolley can also be equipped with a shock absorber-damper, consisting of a slider made interacting on the one hand with the third lever, and on the other hand with the first pusher installed in the guide holes made in the front cross member of the carrier frame, and spring-loaded relative to her, for example, a compression spring.

The inventive utility model is illustrated by drawings, in which:

- figure 1 shows a side view of the trolley in the transport position of the patient with fixed in the released state of the supporting chassis;

- figure 2 shows a plan view of the inventive trolley;

- figure 3 shows a side view of the inventive trolley with folded fixed chassis in the transport position of the patient in the vehicle;

- figure 4 shows a kinematic diagram of the interaction of nodes and parts of the device for automatic fixation of the chassis;

- figure 5 shows the design of the additional node - vibration damper-shock absorber between the position sensor and the first pusher;

- Fig. 6 shows a side view of the trolley with the chassis extended (when the front chassis is already unlocked and the rear chassis is still locked) in the position of the beginning of entry into the vehicle or at the end of exit from the vehicle through the gangway of its receiving device with enlarged top a fragment of a device for automatic fixation of the chassis with interacting parts;

- Fig. 7 shows a side view of the trolley in the middle of the process of folding the chassis (when both chassis are unlocked) when entering the vehicle or unfolding the chassis when leaving the vehicle with a fragment of the chassis automatic locking device enlarged at the top when the unlocking begins (or complete fixation) of the rear chassis.

Note: in all the drawings, the trolley is shown without a removable stretcher.

The proposed trolley for removable stretchers for a sanitary vehicle contains a supporting frame 1 (see Figure 1) with three crossbars: the first (rear) 2, the second (central) 3 and the third (front) 4 (see Figure 2) , front and rear chassis, a device for attaching a stretcher to a trolley (not shown), a lock for fastening a trolley with a stretcher on a pallet installed in the passenger compartment and fixed to the vehicle (not shown), a device for folding chassis with front and rear its fixing device for, respectively, the front and rear chassis and the automatic locking (or unlocking) the chassis.

In the device for automatic fixing of the chassis there are two brackets fixedly mounted on the front of the supporting frame 1 (see Figs. 2, 4): left 5 and right 6, in the lower part of which there is a first rotary axis 7 with levers rigidly fixed to it: the first left) 8, second (right) 9 and third (central) 10.

The first 8 and second 9 levers are connected by a second axis 11, on which the first 12 and second 13 support wheels are located, made interacting with a pallet fixedly mounted on the vehicle (not shown).

The first 8 and second 9 levers on the one hand and the third lever 10 on the other hand, together with the first axis 7, form a rigid spatial system in the form of a two-armed lever-transducer, which acts as a position sensor for the trolley and transfers the load from the first 12 and second 13 front support wheels (under the influence of the weight of the patient and the trolley) to the first pusher 14 through the third lever 10, kinematically connected, for example, articulated with the help of the third axis 15, and the first pusher 14 is movably mounted on the supporting frame 1 with parallelogram lever mechanism and is spring-loaded relative to it, for example, by means of a first tension spring 16, mounted on the front side of the carrier frame 1, and is also kinematically connected with the front locking device of the front rotary chassis 26.

In this case, the first pusher 14 is movably fixed relative to the supporting frame 1 on the fourth 17 and fifth 18 levers in such a way that when the first pusher 14 is pressed from the side of the third lever 10, the fourth 17 and fifth 18 levers rotate (see Figure 4) clockwise , pressing in the device for folding the chassis through the first roller 19 the first spring-loaded pin retainer 20 (front locking device) of the first carriage 21, sliding along a pair of guides: the first 22 and second 23 (see Figure 2), rigidly fixed to the first 2, second 3 and third 4 cross x base frame 1.

On the same first 22 and second 23 rails there is a second carriage 24 with a fourth axis 25 (see Figure 1) of the front rotary chassis 26 with a pair of wheels from the third 27 and fourth 28 support wheels.

The front rotary chassis 26 is held relative to the supporting frame 1 in the desired position by the first jib 2 9, fixed at one end to the rack of the front rotary chassis 26 through the fifth axis 30,

and the other end through the sixth axis 31 with the first carriage 21.

The rack of the rear rotary chassis 32 with a pair of fifth fifth and sixth 34 supporting wheels is rotatably fixed relative to the fixed axis, the function of which is performed by the second cross member 3 of the carrier frame 1, and is prevented from turning by the second jib 35, on one side connected with the rear pillar the rotary chassis 32 with the seventh axis 36, and on the other hand with the third carriage 37 through the eighth axis 38.

The third carriage 37 (see FIG. 4) is made sliding along the longitudinal axis of the supporting frame 1 along the first 22 and second 23 guides and is held relative to them by a second spring-loaded pin retainer 39 (rear locking device) made by interacting through the second roller 40 with the second pusher 41 mounted behind the first pusher 14 and also movably mounted on the supporting frame 1 using its parallelogram lever mechanism and spring-loaded relative to it. In this case, the second pusher 41 is pivotally mounted on the sixth 42 and seventh 43 levers, which in turn are pivotally mounted relative to the supporting frame 1.

On the front side (on the right in FIG. 4), the second pusher 41 of the chassis automatic locking device is equipped with a third stop roller 44, and on the rear side with an auxiliary handle 45 and is spring loaded, for example, in the front side with a second tension spring 46.

In the device for folding the chassis, the first movable carriage 21 (see Fig. 1, 4), which discretely fixes the strut of the front rotary chassis 26 in the released position, is connected through the fourth roller 47 via a third tension return spring 48 (see Fig. 2) with the second carriage 24, thereby forming a spring-loaded servo-drive, which provides an automatic “forward” ejection of the front chassis 26 when the trolley leaves the vehicle.

In addition, on the first carriage 21 there is a rear stop 49 of the first pusher 14, made interacting with the third thrust roller 44 of the second pusher 41.

Thus, the first 21 and third 37 carriages are fixed with the first 20 and second 39 pin locks on the first 22 and second 23 rails only with the front 26 and rear 32 swivel chassis fully extended, i.e. in the upper position of the carrier frame 1.

In this case, the position of the first pin latch 20, which controls the fixation of the front rotary chassis 26, depends on the vertical load of the wheelset 12, 13, and the position of the second pin latch 39, which controls the fixation of the rear rotary chassis 32, depends on the position of the second pusher 41 and its interaction through the third stop roller 44 with a rear stop 49 of the first carriage 21.

To facilitate loading of the stretcher with the patient from the ground in the design of the trolley there are two rods (front and rear) with auxiliary handles for manually unlocking the chassis outside the vehicle (in the absence of contact with the ladder 50 of its receiving device).

The front link 51 (see FIG. 2) with the auxiliary handle 52 is kinematically connected to the front locking device of the front swivel chassis 26. The second push rod 41 performs the function of the rear link with additional handle 45 kinematically connected to the rear locking device of the rear swing chassis 32.

To reduce a very painful effect on the patient’s head (especially in case of head injuries and stroke) by vibration and shaking the trolley and vehicle, an additional unloading unit (see Figure 5) is introduced into the design of the trolley — a vibration damper-damper consisting of of slider 53 made

interacting on the one hand with the third lever 10 and on the other hand with the first pusher 14 installed in the guide holes made in the front cross member 4 of the carrier frame 1 and spring-loaded relative to it, for example, by a compression spring 54.

The proposed trolley is operated as follows.

In the vehicle, the trolley is transported in a fully folded position (see FIG. 3) on a special tray with a lock (not shown) fixed to the vehicle for fastening the trolley.

After the vehicle arrives at the patient’s intake site, an inclined ladder 50 is installed on the outside of the vehicle to facilitate unloading and loading of the trolley (see Fig. 6, 7). After that, the trolley is unlocked from the pallet and rolled out, first automatically unlocking, "dropping" down and fixing the rear swing chassis 32 in the open position, and then, continuing to roll the trolley out of the vehicle interior, it is automatically unlocked, "thrown" down and lock the front swing chassis 26 in the open position. After that, in the fully unfolded position (see Figure 1), the trolley is ready to load the stretcher with the patient on it and transport it to the right place, for example, to transport nsportnomu means.

When loading a patient from the ground, two operators from two sides (front and rear) of the trolley with the help of auxiliary handles 45 and 52 and with the help of rods 41 and 51 unlock the chassis and lowering the trolley down, fold the front rotary chassis 26 forward, and rear pivot chassis 32 back. After loading the stretcher with the patient on a trolley and fixing them relative to the trolley, its carrying frame together with the stretcher and the patient is lifted.

In this case, the rotary chassis 26 and 32 automatically return to their original unfolded position and are fixed.

After that, the operator, holding the supporting frame 1, transports the patient in the desired direction, pushing the trolley in front of him to the vehicle.

After the contact of the front pair of the first 12 and second 13 supporting wheels with the ladder 50, with the further movement of the trolley inside the vehicle using the automatic locking device, the front rotary chassis 26 is unlocked and then folded using the chassis folding device. With the further advancement of the trolley inside the cabin using the automatic locking device, the rear swivel chassis 32 is unlocked and then folded using the chassis folding device.

After the final folding of the trolley and its rolling into the vehicle interior, it is fixed relative to the pallet using a lock (not shown in the drawing).

After that, the trolley with the stretcher and the patient are completely ready for further transportation with the help of a vehicle.

Using the proposed utility model allows you to provide:

1. Improving the reliability of the trolley by simplifying its design and reducing the number of highly loaded parts and assemblies, as well as by providing automatic (independent of the operator) control of the front and rear chassis when they are fixed / unlocked.

2. Improve the convenience of working with the trolley by facilitating the work of the operator by eliminating the need to hold the trolley with the patient on the weight and ensure only pushing working movement.

3. Significantly reduce the risk of patient injuries and increase the efficiency of paramedics by eliminating the need to work with controls, components and mechanisms directly in the process of loading and unloading a trolley with a patient on a stretcher.

4. Significantly reduce the effects of vibration and shaking during transportation of the patient to his head, which is especially important for traumatic brain injuries and strokes.

Claims (2)

1. A trolley under a removable stretcher for a sanitary vehicle, comprising a supporting frame with two front support wheels made interacting with a pallet fixedly mounted on the vehicle and fixed on the supporting frame with the possibility of turning the front and rear chassis with pairs of supporting wheels at their lower ends, a device for attaching a stretcher on a trolley, a lock for attaching a trolley with a stretcher on a pallet and a device for folding the chassis having front and rear locks holding devices for the front and rear chassis, respectively, characterized in that the supporting frame is provided with three cross members, and an automatic locking device has been introduced, which includes: two brackets fixed to the front of the supporting frame, the first of which is located in the lower part the rotary axis with the first, second and third levers rigidly fixed on it, the first and second levers are connected by a second axis on which the front support wheels are located, while the first, second and third levers together with the first rotary axis form a rigid spatial system in the form of a two-shouldered lever-transformer, which performs the function of the position sensor of the trolley-wheelchair and transfers the load from the front support wheels through the third lever to the first pusher kinematically connected to it, movably mounted on the supporting frame using a parallelogram lever mechanism and spring-loaded relative to it, behind the first pusher there is a second pusher, also movably mounted on the supporting frame using a parallelogram lever mechanism and a spring-loaded relative thereto, wherein the first cam kinematically connected to the front chassis of the front securing device and a rear focus, while the second pusher is kinematically connected with the rear locking device adjustable chassis and is connected with the thrust roller which interacts with the rear focus of the first pusher. 2. The trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional vibration damper-damper is introduced into it, consisting of a slider made cooperating on the one hand with the third lever, and on the other hand, with the first pusher installed in the guide holes made in the front cross member of the supporting frame, and spring-loaded relative to it, for example, a compression spring.