RU54708U1 - ELECTRIC HEATING INSERT - Google Patents

Abstract

On the basis of the electric heating insert, electric heating and heat storage devices of various types are manufactured.

The electric heating insert is made of various types of electric heating elements embedded in a solid working fluid.

The solid working fluid is made on the basis of talchochlorite (talcocarbonate) and other heat-resistant materials, has a convenient shape and size for its installation in heating furnaces, fireplaces, heat accumulators, furnaces for saunas and baths, and in other electric heating devices (equipment). Heaters using an electric heating insert can also have another type of fuel.

When using an electric heating insert, electrical safety and environmental friendliness of electric heating and heat-storage devices based on it are increased.

Description

Technical field

The electric heating insert (hereinafter referred to as VNE) is made of electric heating elements built into a solid working fluid. VNE is used independently or as an integral part in electric heating, heat storage devices and other heaters, equipment using electric energy as the main or additional source for heat generation.

State of the art

An electric heating insert having a heated working fluid made of a solid material of talchochlorite (talcocarbonate, talc stone), ceramics (clay), chamotte, porcelain or other materials resistant to high temperatures and their extremes, including made using the above listed materials (hereinafter referred to as “heat-resistant materials”) and the electric heating element built into it in the form of: tubular electric heating elements (TENs); nichrome spirals, wires, ribbons; induction coil; Selitic (carborundum) rods; conductive shungite; composite materials allows you to eliminate direct contact with the air of the heated rooms of electric heating elements having a significant surface temperature.

Electric heaters with a water and oil medium, heated by the working fluid, can act as analogues. An oily and watery working medium also eliminates direct contact of the electric heating element with the air of the heated room, but water and oil can be used as a working medium at low temperatures (about 100 ° C). A solid working fluid made of heat-resistant materials can withstand temperatures up to 800 ° C.

In addition, at low temperatures, the aqueous medium may freeze in the event of a prolonged blackout, and the oil spilled when the oil heater body breaks can ignite, which is fundamentally impossible when using solid material as a heated working fluid.

Oil and water heaters are widely used and manufactured by many Russian and foreign enterprises, in particular Penza High Technology Plant CJSC (www.pzvt.ru), oil electric heaters, EVAN Company CJSC (www.owimextrade.ru) - water heating electric heaters.

Utility Model Disclosure

VNE is arranged as follows. Electric heating element: built into the structure, which tightly closes it from the air of the external environment (heated room), consisting of plates, blocks, etc., made of heat-resistant materials.

VNE acts as electric heating elements and at the same time heat-accumulating part of electric heaters and heat accumulators, and can also provide additional heating from electric energy in stoves, boilers, fireplaces and other heating devices (equipment) operating on solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. The use of VNE in the heating part of the working fluid of heat accumulators and electric heaters and other heating devices allows you to:

- eliminate direct contact of electric heating elements having a high surface temperature with air of the heating rooms, which prevents extraneous odors arising from heated to high temperatures of the metal and other side effects associated with the operation of the heating device having an electric heating element;

- eliminate the danger of thawing of water heating systems during a power outage in the winter, and cases of fire if the electric heater body is damaged, if oil acts as its working fluid.

VNE is characterized by the following essential feature:

- the heated working fluid, in which the electric heating element is mounted, consists (is made) of solid heat-resistant material.

Particular features that characterize VNE and possible options for execution include:

- VNE is made with the use of additional thermal insulation on the working fluid or without;

- in order to regulate the heating temperature of the electric heating element or the surface of VNE, thermal fuses (thermal relays), resettable, or (and) non-returnable or their sensors can be built into it;

- VNE may have special mounts or holes for mounting on heating appliances or heat accumulators;

- VNE can have special wires (cable) or (and) connecting (terminal) blocks (boxes) for connecting wires (cables) supplying power;

- electric heating elements built into the solid working fluid of VNE, can have special fasteners for fixing them in the working fluid;

- VNE, for use as an electric heater, may have a stand (legs) and a power supply cord;

- in the working fluid between the working fluid and the thermal insulation or in the thermal insulation (if any) of the VNE, special openings can be made to remove heat from the VNE;

- as electric heating elements embedded in a solid working fluid, the following are used: tubular electric heating elements (heating elements); nichrome spirals; wires, tapes; induction coils; Selitic (carborundum) rods, electrically conductive shungites, composite materials;

- the solid working fluid is made of talc chlorite (talcocarbonate, talc stone, ceramics (clay), chamotte, porcelain and other materials resistant to high temperatures and their differences, including those made using all of the above materials.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure number 1. Nichrome spiral, wire, tape, etc. (element "1") is placed in a material made using heat-resistant materials. The input terminals (element "2") are mounted in the material of the working fluid (element "3") using a special device. Heat-resistant material of the working fluid should not be hygroscopic and meet the requirements of electrical safety. The electric heating element must be located in the working fluid evenly over its volume. For fastening the spiral and its uniform distribution over the working fluid, special designs of heat-resistant and dielectric materials can be used.

Figure No. 2 (options 1 and 2). The heater (element "1") is built into the grooves (holes) of the block made of heat-resistant materials (element "3"). For fastening the heating element, a metal mounting plate (element “4”) is used, which is attached to the block (see option No. 1). It is possible to mount the heater in the sinuses (holes) only by filling the free holes with heat-resistant material (element "2").

Figure No. 2 (option 3). TEN (element No. 1) is located in a monolith (element No. 3), made on the basis of heat-resistant materials.

Figure No. 2 (option 4). A frame (duct) (element “4”) made of metal or other heat-resistant material acts as a mounting fixture for heating elements. Heat-resistant material is poured into the frame.

Figure No. 2 (option 5). The heater is used in prefabricated structures made of heat-resistant materials with special holes for the heater (element "2"). Individual parts of the heater are in full or partial contact with the working fluid.

Figure number 3. An ENG-type wire and similar electric heating elements with electrical insulation (element "1") can be laid in the slots of the working fluid made on the basis of heat-resistant materials (element "2") without special requirements for its hygroscopicity and electrical conductivity.

Figure number 4. The electrically conductive part made on the basis of electrically conductive shungites (element “1”) is applied to plates made on the basis of heat-resistant materials (element “2”), interconnected, can only be used up to a temperature of 400 ° C, the composition of the electrically conductive mixture consists of liquid glass , inert filler and directly shungite. Special composite electric heating elements are used in accordance with the technical conditions for the production and instructions for their operation.

Utility Model Implementation

VNE is made according to the specifications developed by the manufacturer in accordance with applicable law. If necessary, VNE must have the appropriate certificates.

The use of VNE in heating and heat storage devices should be carried out in accordance with the technical conditions and operating instructions developed for their manufacture.

VNE are divided according to the nature of use:

The first type is low temperature - type "N";

The second type is high temperature - type "B".

Low-temperature VNE type “N” with a surface temperature of up to 100 ° C is mainly used to create electric heaters and as a rule, external panels located on the cases (surfaces) of heating stoves, fireplaces, boilers, operating from solid, liquid and gaseous fuel.

High-temperature VNE type "B" with a surface temperature of 100 to 600 ° C and above, are mainly used to create electric heat accumulators or are built into the inside of a brick or other masonry (cladding) of heating (heating) stoves, fireplaces, boilers, operating from solid liquid and gaseous fuels.

VNE types "N" and "B" are made of several models depending on the type of electric heating element used.

Model 1. Nichrome spiral, wire, tape.

Model 2. Tubular electric heating elements (TENy).

Model 3. Electric heating elements of nichrome and other metals with additional insulation such as ENG, etc.

Model 4. Special electric heaters in the form of electrically conductive schungite, composite electrically conductive material, salit etc.

According to the type of material used for the manufacture of the working medium, VNEs are divided into types:

Type "T" - based on whole talcum chloride or material obtained on the basis of ground or crushed talcahlorite.

Type “K” - based on ceramics (clay), chamotte or porcelain or the material obtained from them.

Type “B” - based on the data obtained using other heat-resistant materials, incl. production slag and waste.

Depending on the design decisions, the types, models and types of VNE can be presented in various ways. Examples in the form of preliminary designs of several options for VNE are presented in figures No. 1, 2, 3, 4.

Basic principles of VNE device

The dimensions of VNE, as a rule, are proportional to the dimensions of building bricks and are finally determined in design or engineering decisions.

The electrical power of VNE should be from 0.2 kW and above.

VNE are used in heat accumulators and electric heaters of various types and types according to design or engineering decisions.

VNE must comply with current GOSTs, SNIPs and have, if necessary, certificates.

The working medium of VNE is made of solid or crushed (ground) talc chlorite (talcocarbonate, talc stone), ceramics (clay) formed by casting, pressing, etc. with an additional binder and without. In addition, the VNE working fluid can be made of other heat-resistant materials: fireclay, porcelain, metallurgical and other waste products, etc. On the surface of VNE, insulation can withstand the working temperature of VNE.

A regulating thermal relay (thermal fuse) that protects the electric heating element from overheating can be built into the working fluid or insulation applied to the working fluid, or an opening for an external thermal relay sensor used for these purposes can be provided.

The electric heating elements built into the VNE working fluid must be protected from damage due to the difference in the temperature coefficients of the linear expansion of the materials of the working fluid and the electric heating element.

On the working medium or insulation of VNE, the working temperature of VNE must be applied with heat-resistant paint.

VNE is used for space heating, as a rule, as an integral part of heating and heat storage devices in accordance with the instructions for use and technical data sheet.

All types of VNE models are supposed to be used as part of electric heaters, as a rule, with the use of additional insulation, which ensures the temperature regime on its outer surface not higher than a given temperature.

In heat accumulators, VNE acts as a heating element and at the same time as a heat-accumulating working fluid.

The use of heating elements and other electric heating elements as heating elements for VNE must be in accordance with the instructions or, if necessary, separate permits of manufacturers and (or) on the basis of projects agreed upon in the relevant supervisory authorities.

Claims (1)

An electric heating insert with an electric heating element integrated in the working fluid is intended for space heating, characterized in that the working fluid is made of a solid substance using talc chlorite (talcocarbonate) or ceramic (clay).