RU54672U1 - ATMOSPHERIC AIR SAMPLING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for sampling atmospheric air relates to instrumentation, in particular to a device for sampling atmospheric air, and can be used to control the cleanliness of the air in cities and industrial sites of enterprises and highways. The objective of the utility model is to improve the operational characteristics of the device, which consists in reducing the time for conducting a qualitative analysis of the sample. The technical result that can be obtained using the utility model is the ability to absorb various types of organic and inorganic compounds due to the use of several types of flat indicator elements in one sorption unit; to improve the metrological characteristics of sampling by reducing the number of valves by 2 times and eliminating the air line; the possibility of simultaneously conducting a large number of sampling for the presence of infection with various toxic substances due to the possibility of installing flat indicator elements of various types. The problem is achieved in that the device for sampling atmospheric air contains a block of pneumatic valves, a block of sorption elements, an aspirator and a control unit. In this case, the block of sorption elements is made in the form of flat indicator elements with a diverse sorbent composition for recognizing the presence of various toxic substances and placed in the through holes of the housing of the sorption block, the upper part of which is closed by a rotating cover, in which the corresponding holes for the passage of atmospheric air through the flat indicator elements are made moreover, pneumatic valves are installed only at their outlet. The device allows you to simultaneously perform a large number of diverse sampling by installing indicator elements of various types, each of which allows you to explore different types of organic and inorganic compounds. The metrological characteristics of the sampling, as well as the reliability of its operation, are improved by reducing the number of valves, as well as eliminating the air line. Sampler performance increases as its result becomes apparent immediately after pumping air through the flat indicator elements. The reliability of the samples increases because flat indicator elements open only for the selection period. The operational characteristics of the device are improved, because An industry-approved aspirator and flat indicator elements are used. The device is simple and easy to use.

Description

The utility model relates to instrumentation, in particular to devices for sampling atmospheric air, and can be used to control the cleanliness of the air in cities and industrial sites of enterprises and highways.

A device for automatic sampling of atmospheric air, containing an air line, a flow meter, a flow meter, an impurity storage device and a control unit (USSR Author's Certificate N 1265520, IPC G 01 N 1/22, 1986). The disadvantages of this device are the high complexity and low reliability of sampling.

There is also known a device for automatic sampling of atmospheric air, containing an air line, an air distributor, a block of pneumatic valves, a block of accumulators of impurities with sampling channels, a flow stabilization unit connected to a flow inducer, and a control unit including a time unit (N. N. Bronstein, Aleksandrov NN Modern means of measuring atmospheric pollution. L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1989, p. 44-46).

The disadvantage of this device is the need for delivery and regular replacement directly at the sampling site of a large number (32 pcs.) Of impurity storage devices. At the same time, servicing devices is rather laborious, the reliability of connecting drives is low, and the tightness of the connection is often violated. The device uses 32 pneumatic valves according to the number of impurity accumulators, which complicates the control unit. The device does not have flow controllers, which is inconvenient during operation. The change in air flow is discrete, by replacing the “critical” nozzles. The use of “critical” nozzles to stabilize the flow rate requires the use of a sufficiently powerful flow rate inducer, which leads to a sharp increase in the dimensions, weight and power consumption of the device. The reliability of the samples taken depends on the measurement error of the sampling time, the operating mode of the “critical” nozzles and the qualifications of the staff.

This disadvantage is eliminated in the device for automatic sampling of atmospheric air according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2057314, IPC G 01 N 1/22 dated 03/27/1996. It contains an air line, a block of pneumatic valves, a block of accumulators of impurities with sampling channels, an air distributor, a block of pneumatic valves and a block of accumulators of impurities made in the form of a stand-alone replaceable module that is replaced after the end of sampling cycles. In the module, a block of pneumatic valves is installed in front of the block of accumulators of impurities. The number of pneumatic valves corresponds to the number of sampling cycles. The device also contains

flow stabilization unit, including flow controllers for each sampling channel, an air collector and a total flow meter, and connected to a flow driver. The device includes a control unit with a time unit.

However, this device has low reliability. This is due to its complex device, because it contains a large number of parts and overhead lines, which requires the need for pneumatic switching and the development of a special control system for it.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical effect to the proposed technical solution is "Device for automatic sampling of atmospheric air" (RF patent No. 48414, IPC G 01 N 1/22 from 01.07.2005).

This device contains an air line, an air distributor, a block of pneumatic valves, a block of accumulators of impurities with sampling channels, a flow stabilization unit, a flow inducer and a control unit. In turn, the impurity storage unit with the sampling channels is made in the form of sorption cartridges with several types of different sorbents, and pneumatic valves are installed both at their inlet and at their outlet, and the flow stabilization unit and the flow inducer are made in the form of an aspirator, while the control unit connected to both an aspirator and a block of pneumatic valves.

This device for automatic sampling of atmospheric air allows you to perform a large number of sampling cycles due to the possibility of installing additional sorption cartridges, each of which allows you to study different types of organic and inorganic compounds due to the use of several types of sorbents in one sorption cartridge. The reliability of the sample increases, because sorption cartridge opens only for the period of its selection. The reliability of the device is increased by reducing the number of blocks. The operational characteristics of the device are improved, because an aspirator manufactured and certified by the industry is used, which leads to a reduction in the complexity of the operations performed.

The disadvantage of this device is the long time required to conduct a qualitative analysis of the sample.

The objective of the utility model is to improve the operational characteristics of the device, which consists in reducing the time for conducting a qualitative analysis of the sample.

The technical result that can be obtained using the utility model is as follows:

- the possibility of absorption of various types of organic and inorganic compounds due to the use of several types of flat indicator in one sorption unit

elements;

- improving the metrological characteristics of sampling by reducing the number of valves by 2 times and eliminating the air line;

- the possibility of simultaneously conducting a large number of sampling for the presence of infection with various toxic substances due to the possibility of installing flat indicator elements of various types.

The problem is achieved in that the device for sampling atmospheric air contains a block of pneumatic valves, a block of sorption elements, an aspirator and a control unit. In this case, the block of sorption elements is made in the form of flat indicator elements with a diverse sorbent composition for recognizing the presence of various toxic substances and placed in the through holes of the housing of the sorption block, the upper part of which is closed by a rotating cover, in which the corresponding holes for the passage of atmospheric air through the flat indicator elements are made moreover, pneumatic valves are installed only at their outlet.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a general view of the sampler, Fig. 2 shows a top view of the sorption block with closed openings of the sampler in its initial state, and Fig. 3 - with open openings of the sampler during sampling,

where: 1 - sorption block;

  2 - flat indicator elements;   3 - cover;   4 - hole in the cover;   5 - pneumatic valves;   6 - control unit;   7 - an aspirator;

The main element of the device for sampling atmospheric air is a sorption block 1, in which flat indicator elements 2 are placed, The sorption block 1 is a cylindrical hollow drum, in which openings are made for placing flat indicator elements 2. The dimensions of the housing are determined by the number of elements 2, which are necessary to experience first (figure 1). The main technical characteristics of flat indicator elements 2 include the time of detection (no more than 5 min), the time of preservation of the indicator effect (at least 10 min), small overall dimensions (0 × 30 mm), weight (5 g), the range of operating temperatures (-40 ... + 40 ° С), warranty period of storage (2 ... 10) years.

The action of the indicator flat elements 2 is based on a combination of different

physico-chemical principles. According to their analytical characteristics, they are not inferior to indicator tubes and surpass them in tactical and analytical characteristics, cost and simplicity of design. Since 2003, they have been recommended for replacing indicator tubes.

The set of indicator flat elements consists of five indicator elements hermetically packed in a moisture- and air-tight cover in the form of a tape. The case is divided by perforation into five compartments equipped with a notch for easy opening and marking. Each kit is equipped with an instruction manual.

Sets of indicator flat elements are designed to detect and assess the degree of danger of infection by poisonous and potent toxic substances such as FOV (sarin, soman and V-gases), mustard gas, lewisite, phosgene (diphosgene), CS, CR, BZ, hydrocyanic acid (chlorocyanine), chlorine, ammonia, chloroacetophenone, adamsite, heptyl, carbon monoxide, nitrogen mustard, nitrogen oxides, samin for air, terrain, military equipment in temperate and cold climates.

Outside, the housing is closed by a cover 3, which protects the flat indicator elements 2 from external disturbances and foreign bodies in it both in the initial state of the sampler and after sampling. In the housing of the cover 3, holes 4 are made, which allow air to pass through the flat indicator elements 2 in the operating mode of the device for sampling atmospheric air. The holes are made on the cover 3 around the circumference.

Similar holes are made in the lower part of the body, which are connected through pneumatic valves 5 into a single air system. Pneumatic valves 5 are designed for direct air supply to a specific flat indicator element 2 during sampling and its sealing at the end of sampling. The pneumatic valves 5 are controlled by a control unit 6 which is designed to connect predetermined flat indicator elements 2 for sampling and their further sealing, as well as setting the aspirator 7 to work, its operation and shutdown.

As an inducer of air flow, an aspirator 7 is used, which simultaneously determines and maintains a given flow rate, as well as sampling time, i.e. It includes a timer, a flow meter, and an air flow meter. Thus, the aspirator 7 is designed to pump air through the flat indicator elements 2 for a predetermined time and with a given flow rate.

In the initial state, the flat indicator elements 2 are closed by a cover 3, the aspirator 7 is not working, the pneumatic valves 5 are turned off (figure 2).

The device operates as follows.

For sampling of atmospheric air, it is necessary to give a command from the control system 6 to rotate the cover 3 and the operation of the required pneumatic valve 5 and connect it for sampling (figure 3). Cells with flat indicator elements 2 communicate with the atmosphere. At the same time, the turn-on time of this channel for sampling air and the volumetric flow rate of air passing through it are set, and the air flow inducer installed in the aspirator 7 is turned on. Upon reaching the volume of air flow measured on the control unit 6, the flow inductor is turned off aspirator 7. At the same time, a pneumatic valve seals this flat indicator element 2, which increases the reliability of the sample taken. In the event that there is evidence in the atmospheric air of that poisonous substance to which the operation of this indicator element 2 is configured, the color of its sorbent composition changes. By changing the color, you can immediately perform a qualitative and some quantitative assessment of the presence of toxic substances in the air.

Further, the sampling cycle according to the signals of the control unit is repeated on another sampling channel. If the parameters of the pumped air through several indicator elements 2 match, they can be connected simultaneously.

This device can be used with remote control to obtain operational information on the assessment of air pollution in order to make further decisions.

Thus, the device for sampling air allows you to simultaneously perform a large number of different sampling due to the installation of flat indicator elements of various types, each of which allows you to explore different types of organic and inorganic compounds. The metrological characteristics of sampling, as well as the reliability of its operation, are improved by reducing the number of valves by 2 times, as well as eliminating the air line. The speed of the sampler increases, because its result becomes obvious immediately after pumping air through the flat indicator elements. The reliability of the samples increases because flat indicator elements open only for the selection period. The operational characteristics of the device are improved, because an aspirator and flat indicator elements manufactured and certified by the industry are used.

Claims (1)

A device for sampling atmospheric air, containing a block of pneumatic valves, a block of sorption elements, an aspirator and a control unit, characterized in that the block of sorption elements is made in the form of flat indicator elements for recognizing the presence of various toxic substances and placed in the through holes of the housing of the sorption block, the upper part which is closed by a rotating cover, in which the corresponding holes are made for the passage of atmospheric air through the flat indicator elements, moreover, valves are installed only at their outlet.