CN113588885B - Method for detecting peculiar smell in industrial park - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting peculiar smell in an industrial park, which can identify characteristic peculiar smell pollutants emitted by a pollution source by embedding a fixed point air quality micro station; sensor signals can be calibrated and calibrated by combining field sampling analysis; the power supply for flight inspection can be charged; the unmanned aerial vehicle carries flight inspection, so that the detection range can be expanded, and the detection point positions can be quickly switched; the peculiar smell database can be shared by fixed-point detection and flight inspection. The invention overcomes the problems of small coverage of fixed-point detection and lack of correlation with pollution sources in flight inspection, and is suitable for monitoring and evaluating the peculiar smell of the complex environment caused by multiple pollution sources and multiple pollutants in an industrial park.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of air pollution detection, and particularly relates to a method for detecting peculiar smell in an industrial park.
Background
Malodor has become a problem of atmospheric environmental pollution that is currently not negligible, as a sensory public nuisance. Large amount of VOCs and H exist in industrial park 2 S、NH 3 The emission sources of malodorous gases comprise organized and unorganized emission, the types of pollutants are various, the components are complex, and how to accurately and quickly detect the malodorous gases is a key premise for treating the malodorous pollution, however, no effective method exists at present.
The gas sensor has wide application in the field of atmospheric pollutant detection, has great development potential, and has the advantages of low cost, small volume and high speed compared with the commonly used methods such as mass spectrum, chromatogram and the like. When a sensor method is used for analyzing multi-component complex gas, a basic technical route is to use a plurality of sensors to form an array and then analyze the types and the concentrations of substances by using a pattern recognition algorithm, so that the problem of interference of different gases on the sensors is solved. Some odor detection devices based on sensor arrays exist in the market, for example, germany AIRSENSE corporation, american sensing corporation, korea scientific and technical analysis center (SLC), and the like, and an odor electronic nose product is introduced, mainly comprising an online monitoring micro-station and a handheld measuring instrument, and a large number of point locations are required to be arranged for large-scale monitoring.
With the development of unmanned aerial vehicle technology, some research attempts to mount a sensor array on an unmanned aerial vehicle, so that inspection of the whole park can be completed by less equipment, however, the relationship between the characteristics of a pollution source and an inspection result cannot be directly established, and the accuracy and the interpretability of inspection data are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the method for detecting the odor of the industrial park, which can efficiently, accurately and conveniently monitor the odor gas pollutants of the industrial park. The combined use of the fixed-point detection and the flight inspection is beneficial to expanding the monitoring range and improving the inspection precision, and can solve the contradiction among the factors such as the accuracy, the coverage range, the cost and the like of the peculiar smell monitoring system of the industrial park.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for detecting peculiar smell in an industrial park comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing the peculiar smell detection device on a monitoring point, and switching on a power supply;
the peculiar smell detection device comprises a gas sampling module, a peculiar smell detection module, a power supply module, a shell and an inspection mounting plate; the gas sampling module comprises a suction pump and a cleaning gas bottle; the odor detection module comprises a gas sensor array (including but not limited to VOCs sensor, H2S sensor, NH sensor 3 Sensor, temperature and humidity sensor), test cavity, signal acquisition and transmission unit, analyzing response characteristics of sensor array to gas to be tested by algorithmAnalyzing the taste;
s2, opening a cleaning gas cylinder, introducing clean air into the test cavity, taking a stable signal of the sensor as a baseline, sending the signal to a server through a signal acquisition and transmission unit, and storing the signal in a database;
s3, closing the cleaning gas bottle, opening the air pump to suck the gas to be detected into the test cavity, taking the stable signal of the sensor as a detection value, sending the signal to the server through the signal acquisition and transmission unit, and storing the signal in the database;
s4, repeating the steps S2-S3, obtaining the characteristic pollutants of the monitoring point location, and accumulating a database; the database comprises a sensor array response characteristic map of the point;
s5, detaching the peculiar smell detection device, embedding the shell into the inspection mounting plate, and clamping the landing gear of the unmanned aerial vehicle by using the mounting plate;
s6, controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to hover at a specified position or fly according to a specified route, entering a patrol mode, executing the steps S2-S3, and acquiring and storing a sensor array response signal;
s7, operating the unmanned aerial vehicle to a specified fixed monitoring station, detaching the inspection mounting plate, executing the steps S1-S4, realizing switching among different point locations, and accumulating characteristic pollutant databases of different emission sources;
and S8, following the step S4 or the step S6, analyzing the peculiar smell result detected at this time through the response signal of the sensor array obtained in each detection.
Preferably, the following steps are further included between steps S3 and S4:
and collecting a gas sample to be detected, calibrating the components and the concentration of the peculiar smell gas by a laboratory analysis method, storing the peculiar smell gas into a database, and combining the peculiar smell gas with the signal of the step S3 to be used as training data of the sensor pattern recognition algorithm.
Preferably, the database further comprises characteristic contaminant types and concentration ranges, and a correspondence of sensor responses to characteristic contaminants.
Preferably, the peculiar smell result detected at this time is analyzed by the sensor response array response signal obtained in each detection according to the sensor response database, the characteristic pollutant database and the pattern recognition algorithm.
The invention shares the database with different fixed monitoring points and flight inspection, and continuously accumulates data in the detection process, thereby improving the detection precision.
Preferably, the sampling module, the odor detection module and the power supply module are respectively installed in the shell, shell sliding interfaces are arranged on two sides of the shell, installation interfaces corresponding to the shell sliding interfaces are arranged on the patrol inspection installation plate, and angle buckles for clamping the unmanned aerial vehicle undercarriage are further arranged at two ends of the patrol inspection installation plate; the shell is also provided with a handle.
Preferably, the air suction pump is communicated with an air inlet on the shell through a pipeline, the air suction pump is communicated with the test cavity, the cleaning gas bottle is provided with an electromagnetic valve, the gas sensor array is connected with the server through a signal acquisition and transmission unit, and the air suction pump and the electromagnetic valve are connected with the server through a control circuit. The electromagnetic valve can be controlled by a control circuit to control the switch and the outlet pressure, and the control circuit is used for connecting and controlling actions such as gas sampling, cavity cleaning, data transmission, online monitoring, flying inspection and the like.
Preferably, the air pump is a micro air pump, and the flow rate is 20-100 ml/min; the volume of the cleaning gas bottle is 500 ml; the test cavity adopts a layered design, and the volume of a gas flow passage of the test cavity is less than 2 ml. The test chamber in the peculiar smell detection module is through rational design, and gas flow path volume is less than 2ml, adopts 500ml little volume gas cleaning cylinder, has reduced the carrying load, improves unmanned aerial vehicle and patrols and examines duration.
Preferably, the sensor array is composed of a plurality of sensors, and the sensors comprise an odor gas sensor, a photoionization sensor, an ethylene sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor; the odor gas detected by the odor gas sensor comprises ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, methyl mercaptan and ethylene oxide.
Preferably, the inspection mounting plate comprises a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, and a flip cover is arranged on the shell. The shell can be opened through the flip cover, so that the cleaning gas cylinder can be replaced conveniently and regularly.
The shell is used for packaging other modules, the two sides of the shell are provided with sliding interfaces, and the shell can be directly embedded into a micro air monitoring station to work at a fixed point; the mounting panel divides two on the left and right sides, has the installation interface that matches with the shell, and both ends have the angle buckle, but the shell inserts behind the mounting panel through its angle buckle centre gripping on the unmanned aerial vehicle undercarriage, accomplishes to patrol and examine along with unmanned aerial vehicle flight.
Preferably, a mobile power supply is arranged in the power supply module, the mobile power supply adopts a 7.4V double-section series lithium battery pack, and the capacity is 3400 mAh. Adopt chargeable and dischargeable battery, peculiar smell detection device embedding miniature monitoring station during operation can charge the portable power source who uses when patrolling and examining.
The gas sampling module finishes cleaning a test cavity in the peculiar smell monitoring module and zero calibration of a sensor array by controlling the switch and the pressure of a solenoid valve on the cleaning gas bottle; the gas to be detected is pumped into the peculiar smell monitoring module by controlling the air pump to be detected;
the peculiar smell detection module integrates a sensor array of various pollutants, and derives data in a wireless transmission mode after acquiring sensor signals;
the power supply module can be directly connected with 220V standard alternating current, and outputs direct current to supply power to other modules and charge a mobile power supply contained in the power supply module;
the shell encapsulates each module, and its structural design can directly imbed miniature monitoring station and carry out peculiar smell on-line measuring to the fixed point, also can centre gripping unmanned aerial vehicle undercarriage carry out the flight of garden within range and patrol and examine.
The peculiar smell detection device based on the sensor array can carry an unmanned aerial vehicle platform for inspection, can also be embedded into a micro monitoring station for detecting the components of the polluted source gas, establishes the relation between the atmospheric environment of the park and various peculiar smell pollution sources, and is favorable for the source tracing and evaluation of peculiar smell.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention combines fixed-point detection and flight inspection and shares a database, is beneficial to expanding the monitoring range and improving the inspection precision, can solve the contradiction among the factors such as the accuracy, the coverage range, the cost and the like of the peculiar smell monitoring system of the industrial park, simultaneously establishes the relation between the pollution source characteristics and the atmospheric environment pollution condition, and provides support for the tracing and evaluation of the peculiar smell pollution of the park. The invention overcomes the problems of small coverage of fixed-point detection and lack of correlation with pollution sources in flight inspection, and is suitable for monitoring and evaluating the peculiar smell of the complex environment caused by multiple pollution sources and multiple pollutants in an industrial park.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the odor detection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an odor detection module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the casing and the inspection mounting plate of the odor detection device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the odor detection apparatus of the present invention in cooperation with an unmanned aerial vehicle;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the odor detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of the odor detection case of the present invention;
figure 7 is a graph of the results of the continuous odor monitoring of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. It is to be understood that the practice of the invention is not limited to the following examples, and that any variations and/or modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a method for detecting odor in an industrial park adopts an odor detection device, wherein the odor detection device comprises a gas sampling module, an odor detection module 2, a power supply module 3, a shell 4 and an inspection mounting plate 5;
the gas sampling module comprises an air suction pump 1-1, a pipeline 1-2, an electromagnetic valve 1-3 and a cleaning gas bottle 1-4;
the air pump 1-1 is used for pumping gas to be detected, a micro air pump is selected, and the flow rate is adjustable between 20 mL/min and 100 mL/min;
the electromagnetic valves 1-3 can be controlled by a program to switch and output pressure;
the cleaning gas cylinders 1-4 are used for periodically cleaning the test cavity and calibrating the sensor base line, have the volume of 500ml, are filled with high-pressure clean air, and can clean the test cavity for more than 100 times;
the peculiar smell detection module comprises a gas sensor array 2-1, a test cavity 2-2 and a signal acquisition and transmission unit (signal acquisition and transmission circuit) 2-3;
the sensor array 2-1 contains NH 3 、H 2 S、NO、NO 2 、SO 2 Methyl mercaptan (CH) 4 S), ethylene oxide (ETO) and other malodorous gas sensors; and a photo-ionization sensor (PID) for detecting VOCs; c 2 H 4 The sensor is used for making up the defect of detecting the small-molecule VOCs by the PID;
the sensor array 2-1 also comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, so that the influence of the environment on the test result can be corrected conveniently;
the test cavity 2-2 adopts a layered design, so that the response speed can be effectively improved, the gas quantity can be saved, and the volume of a gas flow channel of the test cavity adopted in the embodiment is only 1.6 ml;
the signal acquisition and transmission unit 2-3 receives the voltage analog signal as input, and performs filtering amplification on the voltage signal, wherein the voltage signal after filtering amplification is between 0 and 3.3V, the sampling period is 500ms, the number of sampling channels is 10, and a 4G wireless transmission module is integrated and used for transmitting data to a server;
the air pump 1-1 and the electromagnetic valve 1-3 are connected with the server through a control circuit, and the control circuit has a program control function on the air pump 1-1 and the electromagnetic valve 1-3 and can also receive an instruction sent by the server to control the air pump and the electromagnetic valve.
A 7.4V double-knot series lithium battery pack is adopted as a built-in mobile power supply in the power supply module 3, the capacity is 3400mAh, and the device can stably run for about 8 hours; the power module 3 can be directly connected with 220V standard alternating current, outputs direct current voltage to supply power to other modules, and simultaneously charges a built-in mobile power supply.
The shell can be independently embedded into a micro monitoring station for fixation through two side sliding interfaces 4-1, can also be connected with a sliding interface 5-1 on an inspection mounting plate, and clamps an unmanned aerial vehicle undercarriage 5-3 through angle interfaces 5-2 at two ends of the inspection mounting plate for fixation;
the outer shell is provided with a handle 4-2, so that the device is convenient to disassemble, assemble and carry when the detection modes are switched; patrol and examine the mounting panel and include first mounting panel and second mounting panel, be equipped with flip on the shell, shell accessible flip opens, is convenient for regularly change the purge cylinder.
Carry on unmanned aerial vehicle and select six unmanned aerial vehicle of EFT for use, from taking flight control module, GPS orientation module, ultrasonic ranging module.
The industrial park odor detection method adopting the device has the operation logic as shown in figure 5, and comprises the following steps:
s1, embedding air quality micro station: embedding the peculiar smell detection device into an interface on a fixed monitoring point (an air quality micro station) through a sliding interface 4-1 of a shell, switching on a power supply, and entering a fixed point online monitoring mode;
s2, calibrating a sensor baseline: opening the electromagnetic valve 1-3, introducing clean air in the cleaning gas bottle 1-4 into the test cavity 2-2, taking a signal of the sensor array 2-1 to be detected as a baseline after the signal is stable, sending the signal to a server through the signal acquisition and transmission unit 2-3, and storing the signal in a database;
s3, fixed point online monitoring: closing the electromagnetic valve 1-3, opening the air pump 1-1 to suck the gas to be detected into the test cavity 2-2, taking the stable signal of the sensor array 2-1 to be detected as a detection value, sending the detection value to a server through the signal acquisition and transmission unit 2-3, and storing the detection value in a database (sensor response data);
s4, sampling analysis: optionally, a gas sample to be detected is collected, main peculiar smell gas components and concentrations are calibrated by a laboratory analysis method, and are stored into a database (pollutant species concentration) to be combined with the signal of the step S3 to serve as training data of the sensor pattern recognition algorithm, the selected gas sensor in the example has good selectivity and is not easily influenced by interference gas, and therefore the step can be omitted as required;
s5, repeating the steps S2-S4, obtaining the characteristic pollutants of the monitored point, accumulating a database, wherein the database contains the sensor array response characteristic map of the point, and if the step S4 is executed, the database also contains the type and concentration range of the characteristic pollutants and the corresponding relation between the sensor response and the characteristic pollutants;
s6, the peculiar smell detection device can be detached at any time according to needs, the shell is embedded into the inspection mounting plate, the mounting plate is used for clamping the landing gear of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the built-in mobile power supply is charged while the fixed point monitoring is carried out in the embodiment, and the unmanned aerial vehicle can enter a flight inspection mode at any time after the charging is finished;
s7, after entering the inspection mode, controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to hover at a specified position or fly according to a specified route, and executing the steps S2-S3 to acquire and store a sensor array response signal;
s8, operating the unmanned aerial vehicle to a specified fixed monitoring station according to the requirement, detaching the inspection mounting plate, executing the steps S1-S5, realizing the switching between different point locations, and accumulating characteristic pollutant databases of different emission sources;
and S9, following the step S5 or the step S7, analyzing the peculiar smell result of the detection according to the sensor response signal obtained in each detection, the characteristic pollutant database and the pattern recognition algorithm.
Odor detection effect
In the embodiment of the invention, the type, the measuring range and the resolution of the odor detection module are as shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
| Sensor name | Model number | Measuring range | Resolution ratio |
| NH 3 Sensor with a sensor element | Honeywell 4NH3-100 | 0-100pm | 0.5ppm |
| H 2 S sensor | Membrapor H2S/M-50 | 0-50ppm | 0.05ppm |
| NO sensor | Alphasense NO-A4 | 0-20ppm | 20ppb |
| NO 2 Sensor with a sensor element | Alphasense NO2-A43F | 0-20ppm | 20ppb |
| SO 2 Sensor with a sensor element | Alphasense SO2-A4 | 0-50ppm | 20ppb |
| Methyl mercaptan sensor | Honeywell 4CH3SH-10 | 0-10ppm | 0.1ppm |
| ETO sensor | Membrapor ETO/M-10 | 0-10ppm | 0.1ppm |
| C 2 H 4 Sensor with a sensor element | Membrapor C2H4/M-10 | 0-10ppm | 0.1ppm |
| PID | Baseline eVx 20ppm | 0-20ppm | 1.5ppb |
The sensor response conditions of various polluted gases in the environment air of a wastewater treatment station of a certain fine chemical industry enterprise are shown in fig. 6, a light color graph of sensor response in a radar map is a base line, a dark color graph is a detection value, and a left radar map, a middle radar map and a right radar map are respectively detection results at different moments (different dates). Comparing the left graph and the middle graph, the two graphs both reflect pollution caused by methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, the detection result graphs of the two graphs are similar to indicate that the same peculiar smell pollution characteristic occurs at different moments, and the equal proportion of the response values of the sensors in the middle graph is higher than that in the left graph, which indicates that the pollution condition of the latter is more serious. Comparing the right and middle figures, the pollutant species are obviously changed, and the main odor pollutants are ammonia gas and sulfur dioxide. As can be seen from the radar chart, the method has good repeatability on the odor pollution of the same type, has obvious response difference on the odor detection of different types, and has visual reflection on the pollution degree.
The response of each sensor over time during continuous monitoring on a given day is shown in FIG. 7, with the sensor at a steady baseline (NO) for most of the time during the approximately 12 hour period 2 The base line of the sensor is about 2000mV, and the PID baseThe line is about 60mV, the base lines of the other sensors are about 300mV, and the response values can be changed from 0mV to 3300 mV), some sensor response values are obviously increased between 18:00 and 22:00 night, which means that odor pollutants are detected, and in fact, the response value at 21:00 night is shown in the middle radar chart in fig. 5.
The above results effectively illustrate the excellent effect of the present example on the detection of odorous gases.
According to the invention, by embedding the fixed point air quality micro station, characteristic peculiar smell pollutants emitted by a pollution source can be identified; the sensor signals can be calibrated and calibrated by combining with on-site sampling analysis; the power supply for flight inspection can be charged; the unmanned aerial vehicle carries flight inspection, so that the detection range can be expanded, and the detection points can be quickly switched; the peculiar smell database can be shared by fixed-point detection and flight inspection. The invention overcomes the problems of small coverage of fixed-point detection and lack of correlation with pollution sources in flight inspection, and is suitable for monitoring and evaluating the peculiar smell of the complex environment caused by multiple pollution sources and multiple pollutants in an industrial park.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the examples, but the description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, variations and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for detecting peculiar smell in an industrial park is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, fixing the peculiar smell detection device on a monitoring point, and switching on a power supply;
the peculiar smell detection device comprises a gas sampling module, a peculiar smell detection module, a power supply module, a shell and an inspection mounting plate; the gas sampling module comprises a suction pump and a cleaning gas bottle; the peculiar smell detection module comprises a gas sensor array, a test cavity and a signal acquisition and transmission unit;
s2, opening a cleaning gas cylinder, introducing clean air into the test cavity, taking a stable signal of the sensor as a baseline, sending the signal to a server through a signal acquisition and transmission unit, and storing the signal in a database;
s3, closing the cleaning gas bottle, opening the air pump to suck the gas to be detected into the test cavity, taking the stable signal of the sensor as a detection value, sending the signal to the server through the signal acquisition and transmission unit, and storing the signal in the database;
s4, repeating the steps S2-S3, obtaining the characteristic pollutants of the monitoring point, and accumulating a database; the database contains the sensor array response characteristic map of the monitoring point;
s5, detaching the peculiar smell detection device, embedding the shell into the inspection mounting plate, and clamping the landing gear of the unmanned aerial vehicle by using the mounting plate;
s6, controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to hover at a specified position or fly according to a specified route, entering a patrol mode, executing the steps S2-S3, and acquiring and storing a sensor array response signal;
s7, operating the unmanned aerial vehicle to a specified fixed monitoring station, detaching the inspection mounting plate, executing the steps S1-S4, realizing switching among different point locations, and accumulating characteristic pollutant databases of different emission sources;
s8, following the step S4 or the step S6, analyzing the peculiar smell result of the detection through the sensor array response signal obtained in each detection;
the steps between the steps S3 and S4 further include the following steps:
collecting a gas sample to be detected, calibrating the components and the concentration of the peculiar smell gas by a laboratory analysis method, storing the peculiar smell gas components and the concentration into a database, and combining the peculiar smell gas components and the concentration with the signal of the step S3 to be used as training data of a sensor pattern recognition algorithm;
the database also contains the characteristic pollutant types and concentration ranges, and the corresponding relation between the sensor response and the characteristic pollutants;
analyzing the peculiar smell result of the detection according to a sensor response database, a characteristic pollutant database and a pattern recognition algorithm by using a sensor response array response signal obtained in each detection;
the sensor array consists of a plurality of sensors, and the sensors comprise an odor gas sensor, a photoionization sensor, an ethylene sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor; the odor gas detected by the odor gas sensor comprises ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, methyl mercaptan and ethylene oxide;
the sampling module, the peculiar smell detection module and the power supply module are respectively installed in the shell, shell sliding interfaces are arranged on two sides of the shell, installation interfaces corresponding to the shell sliding interfaces are arranged on the patrol inspection installation plate, and angle buckles for clamping the unmanned aerial vehicle undercarriage are further arranged at two ends of the patrol inspection installation plate; the shell is also provided with a handle;
the inspection mounting plate comprises a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, and a flip cover is arranged on the shell.
2. The industrial park odor detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air suction pump is communicated with an air inlet on the shell through a pipeline, the air suction pump is communicated with the test cavity, the cleaning gas bottle is provided with an electromagnetic valve, the gas sensor array is connected with the server through a signal acquisition and transmission unit, and the air suction pump and the electromagnetic valve are connected with the server.
3. The industrial park odor detection method of claim 1, wherein: the air pump is a micro air pump, and the flow rate is 20-100 ml/min; the volume of the cleaning gas bottle is 500 ml; the test cavity adopts a layered design, and the volume of a gas flow passage of the test cavity is less than 2 ml.
4. The industrial park odor detection method of claim 1, wherein: a mobile power supply is arranged in the power supply module, a 7.4V double-section series lithium battery pack is adopted by the mobile power supply, and the capacity is 3400 mAh.
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