RU54572U1 - DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE POSITION OF A WHEEL PAIR OF A TRAVEL WAGON RELATING TO THE RAILWAY AXLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to railway transport, to devices for technical diagnostics of a rail track and can be used in computerized track measuring laboratory cars. The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that the device for determining the position of the wheelset of the tracker car relative to the axis of the rail track, containing an oscillator, eddy current transducer and data processing unit, includes two primary eddy current transducers, each of which includes an oscillator, an excitation winding and two measuring windings, two identical measuring channels, each of which contains correspondingly sequentially connected matching unit, mixer and operation an amplifier, while one output of each of the oscillators of the corresponding primary eddy current transducer is connected to the excitation winding of the corresponding primary eddy current transducer, and the other output of each of the oscillators is connected to one of the inputs of the mixer of the corresponding measuring channel, the outputs of each of the two counter-connected measuring windings of each corresponding primary eddy current transducer connected to the input of the corresponding unit

matching, the output of the corresponding matching unit is connected to the second input of the corresponding mixer, the output of the corresponding mixer is connected to the input of the corresponding operational amplifier, the outputs of the operational amplifiers of the corresponding measuring channels are connected to the input of the data processing unit. Each of the field windings of the corresponding primary eddy current transducer is made in the form of one or several turns of conductive material, for example, an aluminum bus, and is located in a plane orthogonal to the plane passing through the tops of the rail heads. The measuring windings of each of the primary eddy current transducers are located in a plane orthogonal to the plane in which the field winding is located, in the plane of its lower turns and symmetrically with respect to the axis of symmetry of the field winding.

Description

The utility model relates to railway transport, to devices for technical diagnostics of a rail track and can be used in computerized track measuring laboratory cars.

A device for the technical diagnosis of the rail track (RF patent No. 2066646, M. KL.6: B 61 K 9/08; E 01 B 35/00, 35/04, published in bull. No. 26, 1996), containing high-frequency generator, commutator, eddy-current transducer, consisting of two pairs of identical inductors placed in parallel patch planes orthogonally relative to each other, four amplitude detectors, four voltage compensators, three adders, six subtractors, biopolar detector, seven scale amplifiers, two-channel peak kid op, reset pulse generator and two memory units, the outputs of the second, fourth, fifth and sixth and seventh subtractor amplifiers are information device outputs. This device, designed for non-contact control of the geometric position of the thread of the rail track, the clearances of the butt joints and diagnostics of the rail head, is taken as a prototype.

With all the advantages of the known device, it should be noted its limited functionality for determining the gauge and measuring the displacement of the axis of the wheelset of the tracker car relative to the axis of the rail track.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for determining the position of the wheelset of the tracker car

relative to the axis of the rail track, containing an oscillator, eddy current transducer and data processing unit, includes two primary eddy current transducers, each of which includes an oscillator, field winding and two measuring windings, two identical measuring channels, each of which contains respectively sequentially connected matching unit, mixer and operational amplifier, with one output of each of the oscillators of the corresponding primary eddy current transducer the generator is connected to the excitation winding of the corresponding primary eddy current transducer, and the other output of each of the oscillators is connected to one of the inputs of the mixer of the corresponding measuring channel, the outputs of each of the two counter-connected measuring windings of each corresponding primary eddy current transducer are connected to the input of the corresponding matching unit, the output of the corresponding matching unit connected to the second input of the corresponding mixer, the output of the corresponding mix For connected with the input of the corresponding operational amplifier, the outputs of the operational amplifiers of the corresponding measuring channels are connected to the data processing unit. Each of the field windings of the corresponding primary eddy current transducer is made in the form of one or several turns of conductive material, for example, an aluminum bus, and is located in a plane orthogonal to the plane passing through the tops of the rail heads. The measuring windings of each of the primary eddy current transducers are located in a plane orthogonal to the plane in which the field winding is located, in the plane of its lower turns and symmetrically with respect to the axis of symmetry of the field winding.

figure 1 presents a block diagram of the proposed device;

figure 2 presents the topology of the measurement windings 7, 8 of the primary eddy current transducer 1 and the measuring windings 9, 10 of the primary eddy current transducer 2;

figure 3 presents one of the provisions of the wheelset of the wagon-tracker relative to the rail of the railway track;

figure 4 shows the relative position of the field winding 5 or 6 of one of the primary eddy current transducers (1 or 2, figure 1) relative to its measuring windings (7, 8 or 9, 10 of figure 1) and relative to the corresponding rail track;

figure 5 presents the experimentally obtained dependence of the output signals of the identical measuring channels on the magnitude of the transverse run n and on the suspension height h of the primary eddy current transducers above the track rails;

figure 6 shows the dependence of the conversion coefficient to the primary eddy current transducer or the height of the suspension h of the latter above the rail of the corresponding track;

Fig.7 shows a variant of the symmetric arrangement of the primary eddy current transducers 1, 2 relative to the rail threads, over which they are respectively installed, provided that the track width corresponds to the norm;

on Fig presents a variant of the displacement of the axes of symmetry of the primary eddy current transducers 1 and 2, due to a shift to the left side of the wheel pair in the variant of Fig.7 by the value of the transverse run δ / 2;

figure 9 shows a variant of the displacement of the axis of symmetry of the primary eddy current transducers 1 and 2, due to a shift to the right side of the wheel pair in the variant of figure 7 by the value of the transverse run δ / 2;

figure 10 presents a variant of the symmetric arrangement of the primary eddy current transducers 1 and 2 relative to the rail threads, over which they are respectively installed, provided that the track width is increased by 2γ;

figure 11 presents a variant of the displacement of the axis of symmetry for the primary eddy current transducers 1 and 2, due to a shift to the left side of the wheel pair in the embodiment of figure 10 by the value of the transverse run δ / 2;

on Fig presents a variant of the displacement of the axes of symmetry for the primary eddy current transducers 1 and 2, due to a shift to the right side of the wheel pair in the embodiment of figure 10 by the value of the transverse run δ / 2;

on Fig presents a variant of the symmetric arrangement of the primary eddy current transducers 1 and 2 relative to the rail threads, over which they are respectively installed, provided that the track width is reduced by 2σ;

on Fig presents a variant of the displacement of the axes of symmetry for the primary eddy current transducers 1 and 2, due to a shift to the left side of the wheel pair in the embodiment of Fig.13 on the value of the transverse run δ / 2;

on Fig presents a variant of the displacement of the axes of symmetry for the primary eddy current transducers 1 and 2, due to a shift to the right side of the wheel pair in the embodiment of Fig.13 on the value of the transverse run δ / 2.

A device for determining the position of the wheelset of the tracker car relative to the axis of the rail track contains (Fig. 1) two primary eddy current transducers 1 and 2, each of which includes an oscillator 3 and 4, an excitation winding 5 and 6, and two measuring windings 7 , 8 and 9, 10. The device is also introduced

a data processing unit 11 and two identical measuring channels, each of which contains respectively a matching block 12, 13, a mixer 14, 15 and an operational amplifier 16, 17. In this case, one of the outputs of each oscillator 3 and 4 is connected to the corresponding winding excitation 5 and 6 of each of the primary eddy current transducers, respectively 1 and 2 (figure 1). And every second output of the corresponding oscillator 3 and 4 is connected to one input of the corresponding mixer 14 and 15.

The outputs of the measuring windings 7 and 8 of the primary eddy current transducer 1, included in the opposite direction (Fig. 1), are connected to the input of the matching unit 12, and the outputs of the measuring windings 9 and 10 of the primary eddy current transducer 2, also connected in the opposite direction, are connected to the input of the matching unit 13.

As blocks matching 12 and 13 can be used, for example, transformers.

The outputs of the matching blocks 12 and 13 are connected respectively to other inputs of the mixers 14 and 15, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the corresponding operational amplifiers 16 and 17. The outputs of the amplifiers 16 and 17 are connected to the inputs of the data processing unit 11.

Each of the field windings 5 and 6 of the corresponding primary eddy current transducer 1 and 2 (Fig. 1) is made of one or more turns of conductive material. Figure 4 shows the placement of the field winding 5 (or 6) relative to the monitored rail and relative to the measuring windings 7, 8 (or 9, 10).

Figure 4 shows the implementation of the field windings 5 or 6 of the primary eddy current transducer 1 or 2 of two turns of an aluminum bus. In this case, the turns of the field winding are connected to each other sequentially and according to.

In order to increase the quality factor of the frequency-setting loop of the oscillators 3 and 4, it is advisable to place their transformers directly on the buses of the field windings 5 and 6 of the primary eddy current converters 1 and 2.

The device operates as follows. The self-oscillator 3 of the primary eddy current transducer 1 supplies the excitation winding 5 with a high-frequency current (of the order of 250 kHz). This winding is placed longitudinally (see FIG. 4) above the rail of one of the threads of the railway track. The same can be said about the oscillator 4 and the field winding 6 of the primary eddy current transducer 2. Its field coil is likewise located above another rail thread and along a corner relative to the field winding 5 (see Figs. 1, 4). In the vicinity of the field windings 5, 6, an electromagnetic field is formed, the picture of which depends on the relative position of the field windings 5, 6 relative to the rail of the corresponding track and other conductive elements of railway track objects. In the measuring windings 7, 8, under the influence of the electromagnetic field of the field winding 5, an emf is induced The same can be said of induced emfs. in the measuring windings 9, 10 under the influence of the electromagnetic field of the field winding 6. Since the measuring windings 7, 8 are located symmetrically with respect to the field winding 5 and are connected to each other, when the conditions of symmetry of the location of the field winding 5 relative to the rail of the corresponding track, over which the primary eddy current transducer, induced emf in the windings 7, 8 will be mutually compensated and the output signal of the operational amplifier 16 (see figure 1) will be close to zero. A similar statement is true for the measuring windings 9, 10 of the field winding 6 of the primary eddy current transducer 2 and the output signal of the operational amplifier 17. This is true in

in the absence of reasons causing a violation of the symmetry of the relative position of the primary transducers 1, 2 relative to the rail track above which the corresponding primary eddy current transducer is located. Violation of symmetry may be due to the following reasons:

1) a change in the position of the axial line of the wheelset relative to the axis of the rail track due to the transverse run;

2) a change in the width of the rail gauge;

3) lateral wear of the rail;

4) the presence of such objects of the railway line as turnouts, intersections, crosses, counter rails, etc .;

5) the presence of kilometer marks in the form of props.

Figure 5 presents the dependence of the readings of the output signals of the identical measuring channels of the primary eddy current transducers on the magnitude of the transverse run-up and on the height h of their suspension above the corresponding rails. As you can see, these dependencies are almost linear in nature.

Figure 6 shows the dependence of the conversion coefficient to the primary eddy current transducer on the suspension height h. From here it is visible. That with a suspension height of the order of h = 50 ÷ 60 mm, the conversion coefficient can be taken constant and equal to 0.5.

7 shows a variant of the symmetric arrangement of the primary transducers 1 and 2 relative to the rail threads over which they are respectively mounted. It is assumed that the gauge is normal and there is no lateral wear of the rail.

On Fig presents a variant of the displacement of the axes of symmetry for the primary eddy current transducers 1, 2, due to a shift to the left side of the wheel pair in the embodiment of Fig.7 by the value of the transverse run δ / 2. Since the wheels are rigidly mounted on the axle and taking into account symmetry,

shown in Fig.7, the displacements of the axes of symmetry for the transducers 1 and 2 in Fig.8 are the same in magnitude and sign. This offset is indicated by hatching. Given the linearity of the measuring channels (Figs. 5, 6) of eddy current transducers 1, 2, we can assume that the output voltages u ₁ and u ₂ from the measuring channels for transducers 1, 2 are proportional to the magnitude of the displacement of the corresponding symmetry axes.

Table 1. Carriage movement Along the axis Left shift Right shift Gauge condition u ₁ ≈0 u ₁ = kδ / 2 u ₁ = -kδ / 2 one Norm u ₂ ≈0 u ₂ = кδ / 2 u ₂ = -kδ / 2 u ₁ + u ₂ = кδ u ₁ + u ₂ = -kδ u ₁ -u ₂ = 0 u ₁ -u ₂ = 0 u ₁ = kγ u ₁ = k (δ / 2 + γ) u ₁ = k (γ-δ / 2) 2 Broadening u ₂ = -kγ u ₂ = k (δ / 2-γ) u ₂ = k (γ + δ / 2) u ₁ + u ₂ = 0 u ₁ + u ₂ = кδ u ₁ + u ₂ = -kδ u ₁ -u ₂ = 2кγ u ₁ -u ₂ = 2кγ u ₁ -u ₂ = 2кγ u ₁ = kσ u ₁ = -k (δ / 2 + σ) u ₁ = -k (δ / 2 + γ) 3 Narrowing u ₂ = kσ u ₂ = k (δ / 2 + σ) u ₂ = k (γ-δ / 2) u ₁ + u ₂ = 0 u ₁ + u ₂ = кδ u ₁ + u ₂ = kσ u ₁ -u ₂ = -2кσ u ₁ -u ₂ = -2кσ u ₁ -u ₂ = -2кσ

In Fig.9 presents a variant of the displacement of the axes of symmetry for the primary eddy current transducers 1, 2, due to the shift of the wheelset in the embodiment of Fig.7 to the right side by the amount of lateral takeoff δ / 2. In this case, the output voltages u ₁ and u _{2 of the} measuring channels of the transducers 1, 2 change their sign, remaining the same in magnitude as for Fig. 8.

Figure 10 shows a variant of the symmetric arrangement of the primary eddy current transducers 1 and 2 relative to the rail threads over which they are respectively mounted. It is assumed that the track width is increased by 2γ.

In Fig.11 presents a variant of the displacement of the axis of symmetry for the primary eddy current transducers 1, 2, due to the shift of the wheelset in the variant of Fig.13 to the left by the value of the transverse run δ / 2. The corresponding values of the displacement of the axis of symmetry for eddy current transducers 1, 2 are shown in figure 11 by hatching.

On Fig presents a variant of the displacement of the axes of symmetry for the primary eddy current transducers 1, 2, due to the shift of the wheelset in option 10 to the right side by the amount of lateral run δ / 2. The magnitude of the displacement of the axes of symmetry for the transducers 1, 2 is shown in Fig. 12 by hatching, and the expressions for voltages u ₁ and u ₂ corresponding to this variant of displacement are presented in row 2 of table 1.

On Fig presents a variant of the symmetric arrangement of the primary eddy current transducers 1, 2 relative to the rail threads, over which they are respectively located. It is assumed that the track width is reduced by 2σ.

On Fig presents a variant of the displacement of the axes of symmetry for the primary eddy current transducers 1, 2, due to a shift to the left side of the wheel pair in the embodiment of Fig.13 on the magnitude of the lateral run δ / 2. The values of the displacement of the axes of symmetry for the transducers 1, 2 caused by this shift are indicated by shading in Fig. 14, and the expressions for the values of the output voltages u ₁ and u ₂ are indicated in row 3 of table 1.

On Fig presents a variant of the displacement of the axes of symmetry for the primary eddy current transducers 1, 2, due to a shift to the right side of the wheel pair in the embodiment of Fig.13 on the magnitude of the lateral take-off δ / 2. The values of the displacement of the axes of symmetry for the transducers 1, 2 caused by this shift are indicated in FIG. 15 by the corresponding shading, and the expressions for determining the values of the output voltages u ₁ and u ₂ are indicated in row 3 of table 1.

Table 1 also presents the expressions for the sum (u ₁ + u ₂ ) and the difference (u ₁ -u ₂ ) of the voltages u ₁ and u ₂ corresponding to all the considered options of Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 , 14 and 15. Analysis of the data in Table 1 allows us to conclude that the combination of values of u ₁ , u ₂ , (u ₁ + u ₂ ), (u ₁ -u ₂ ) uniquely characterizes the state of the rail track and the position of the wheel pair relative to the axis of the rail track.

Lateral wear affects in the same way as the corresponding change in gauge and can be assessed in the process of comparing the results of travel of the tracker car.

The influence of the conductive structural elements of such objects of the railway line as turnouts, crossings, crosses, counter rails is of a rapidly changing nature and therefore differs markedly from the effect on symmetry breaking due to the state of the track and the position of the wheelset relative to the axis of the track.

Claims (3)

1. A device for determining the position of the wheelset of the tracker car relative to the axis of the rail track, comprising an oscillator, eddy current transducer and a data processing unit, characterized in that it contains two primary eddy current transducers, each of which includes an oscillator, an excitation winding and two measuring windings, two identical measuring channels, each of which contains correspondingly sequentially connected matching block, mixer and operational amplifier, at volume one output of each of the oscillators of the corresponding primary eddy current transducer is connected to the excitation winding of the corresponding primary eddy current transducer, and the other output of each of the oscillators is connected to one of the inputs of the mixer of the corresponding measuring channel, the outputs of each of the two counterclockwise measuring windings of each corresponding primary eddy current transducer are connected with the input of the corresponding block matching, the output of the corresponding block according A test is connected to the second input of the corresponding mixer, the output of the corresponding mixer is connected to the input of the corresponding operational amplifier, the outputs of the operational amplifiers of the corresponding measuring channels are connected to the inputs of the data processing unit. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the field windings of the corresponding primary eddy current transducer is made in the form of one or more turns of conductive material, for example, an aluminum bus, and is located in a plane orthogonal to the plane passing through the tops of the rail heads . 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring windings of each of the primary eddy current transducers are located in a plane orthogonal to the plane in which the field winding is located, in the plane of its lower turns and symmetrically with respect to the axis of symmetry of the field winding.