RU44624U1 - DEVICE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF OBJECTS AND ARTIFICIAL STRUCTURES OF RAILWAY - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to railway transport, to devices for identifying objects and artificial structures of a railway track: rail transfers, level crossings, intersections, exits, bridges and tunnels. The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that the device for identifying objects and artificial structures of the railway track, containing a self-oscillator, eddy current transducer, includes a data processing unit, two identical measuring channels “x” and “y”, each of which contains connected in series between a matching unit, mixer, operational amplifier, with one output of the oscillator connected to the excitation winding of the primary eddy current transducer, and the other output of the oscillator connected to one of the inputs of the mixers measuring channels "x" and "y", the outputs of the measuring windings of the primary eddy current transducer are connected to the outputs of the respective matching blocks of each measuring channel, and the outputs of the matching blocks are connected to the inputs of the respective mixers, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of operational amplifiers each measuring channel, the outputs of the latter are connected with the corresponding inputs of the data processing unit.

Description

The utility model relates to railway transport, to devices for identifying objects and artificial structures of a railway track: rail transfers, level crossings, intersections, ramps, tunnels and bridges, and can be used in computerized laboratory track-and-pass cars.

A device for the technical diagnosis of the rail track (RF patent No. 2066646, M. CL. 6: 61 K 9/08; E 01 35/00, 35/04, published in bull. No. 26, 1996), containing a generator high-frequency eddy-current transducer, made in the form of a pair of identical inductors placed in a single plane, the first and second amplitude detectors connected to the inductors, respectively the first and second voltage compensators connected by the inputs to the outputs of the first and second amplitude detectors, adder, subtractor large-scale amplifier, newly introduced switch, third and fourth amplitude detectors, third and fourth voltage compensators, two adders, five subtractors, six scale amplifiers, a bipolar detector, two memory units, a comparator, a zero pulse shaper. All blocks are respectively connected to each other. This device is taken as a prototype.

With all the advantages of the known device, it should be noted its limited functionality in terms of determining the non-contact method of rail intersections, transfers, crossings, exits, tunnels, bridges and railway track facilities.

The technical result, the achievement of which the creation of this utility model is aimed, is to expand the functionality by obtaining reliable information identifying various objects and artificial structures of the railway track, such as rail crossings, transfers, crossings, ramps, bridges and tunnels, etc.

The technical result is achieved in that the device for identifying objects and artificial structures of the railway track, containing a self-oscillator, eddy current transducer, includes a data processing unit, two identical measuring channels "x" and "y", each of which contains connected in series matching unit, mixer,

an operational amplifier, while one output of the oscillator is connected to the excitation winding of the primary eddy current transducer, and the other output of the oscillator is connected to one of the inputs of the mixers of the measuring channels “x” and “y”, the outputs of the measuring windings of the primary eddy current transducer are connected to the outputs of the corresponding matching blocks of each measuring channel, and the outputs of the matching blocks are connected to the inputs of the respective mixers, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the operating preamplifier each measuring channel, the latter outputs are connected to corresponding data inputs of the processing unit.

The field winding and two measuring windings of the primary eddy current transducer are placed on both sides of a rectangular foil-coated textolite board and are made, for example, by a photolithographic method. At the same time, the field winding of the primary eddy current transducer is in the form of two rectangular turns connected in series with each other, each of which is located along the perimeter of the forward and reverse sides of the foil textolite board.

One measuring winding of the primary eddy current transducer is placed on the straight side of the foil-coated textolite board and is made by a photolithographic method in the form of a pair of rectangular-shaped turns connected opposite to each other and located along opposite sides of the excitation winding of the primary eddy current transducer.

Another measuring winding of the primary eddy current transducer is located on the reverse side of the foil-coated textolite board and is made in the form of a pair of rectangular-shaped turns connected opposite to each other and located along the sides of the field winding, orthogonal to its sides, along which the turns of the first measuring winding of the primary eddy current transducer are oriented.

Figure 1 presents a block diagram of the proposed device;

Figure 2 - topology of the excitation winding and the measuring windings of the primary eddy current transducer on the straight side of the foil textolite board;

Figure 3 - the topology of the field winding and the measuring windings of the primary eddy current transducer on the back side of the foil textolite board;

Figure 4 shows the location of the primary eddy current transducer relative to the rail during the passage by the track-measuring car of an ordinary single railroad switch.

Figure 5 shows the recordings of the signals at the output of the measuring channels "x" and "y" during the anti-wool passage of the tracker car through an ordinary right single railroad switch along a straight section of the railway track (route 1, figure 4);

Figure 6 shows the recordings of signals at the output of the measuring channels "x" and "y" during the anti-wool passage of the tracker car through an ordinary right single turnout switch along the side of the track (route 2, figure 4);

Figure 7 shows the recordings of signals at the output of the measuring channels “x” and “y” during the passage of the tracker car through the ordinary right single railroad switch from the side track;

On Fig presents recordings of signals at the output of the measuring channels "x" and "y" when the wagons pass the track car through an ordinary right single turnout on a straight section of the track;

Figure 9 presents a diagram of a device oblique oblique intersection;

Figure 10 presents a diagram of a device blind rectangular intersection;

In Fig.11 shows the recording of signals at the output of the measuring channels "x" and "y" when passing the tracker car through a blind oblique intersection along route 1, Fig.9;

On Fig presents recordings of signals at the output of the measuring channels "x" and "y" during the passage of the car-track gauge through a blind oblique intersection along route 2, Fig.9;

On Fig presents recordings of signals at the output of the measuring channels "x" and "y" when passing the tracker car through a blind rectangular intersection;

On Fig shows the recording of signals at the output of the measuring channels "x" and "y" when passing the track car through a railway crossing with a metal coating;

On Fig shows recordings of signals at the output of the measuring channels "x" and "y" when passing the track car through a railway bridge 250 m long.

A device for identifying objects and artificial structures of the railway track contains an oscillator 1 (Fig. 1), a primary eddy current transducer 2, two measuring channels “x” and “y”, each of which respectively contains matching blocks connected in series

3 and 4, mixers 5 and 6, operational amplifiers 7 and 8 connected to the inputs of the data processing unit 9.

In this case, one of the outputs of the oscillator 1 is connected to one of the inputs of the mixers 5 and 6.

The outputs of the measuring windings of the primary eddy current transducer 2 are connected to the inputs of matching blocks 3 and 4, for which, for example, transformers can be used.

The outputs of matching blocks 3 and 4 of the corresponding measuring channels “x” and “y” are connected to other inputs of the respective mixers 5 and 6, the outputs of the latter are connected to the inputs of the corresponding operational amplifiers 7 and 8, the outputs of which are respectively connected to the inputs of the data processing unit 9.

The primary eddy current transducer 2 contains an excitation winding 10, two measuring windings 11 and 12 (Figs. 2, 3), deposited, for example, by a photolithographic method on both sides of a foil textolite board 13 of a rectangular shape.

The field winding 10 of the primary eddy current transducer 2 (Fig.2, 3) is made in the form of two turns of a rectangular shape, each of which is located along the perimeter of the forward and reverse sides of the foil textolite board 13, and are connected in series with each other.

One measuring winding 11 of the primary eddy current transducer 2 is located on one of the sides of the foil textolite board 13 and is made (Fig. 2) in the form of a pair of turns 14 and 15 of a rectangular shape, interconnected and located along opposite sides of the excitation winding 10 of the primary eddy current transducer 2 .

Another measuring winding 12 of the primary eddy current transducer 2 (Fig. 3) is placed on the reverse side of the foil-coated textolite board 13 and is also made in the form of a pair of turns of rectangular shape 16 and 17 (Fig. 3), connected opposite to each other and located along the sides of the field winding 10, orthogonal to its sides, along which the turns of the measuring winding 11 of the primary eddy current transducer 2 are oriented.

The field winding 10 of the primary eddy current transducer 2 (Fig.2, 3) with its output ends "A" and "B" is connected to the output of the oscillator 1.

The output ends of a pair of counterclockwise windings 14 and 15 of the primary eddy current transducer 2 is connected to the input of the matching unit 3 of the measuring channel “y”, and the output ends of another pair of measuring windings (16 and

17) the primary eddy current transducer is connected to the output of the matching unit 4 of the measuring channel “x”.

The casing of the primary eddy current transducer is installed in the undercarriage of a railway carriage, for example, in the vicinity of a non-boiler track carriage of the track gauge, along its central axis, symmetrically with respect to the rail lashes so that the measuring windings 14 and 15 of the primary eddy current transducer 2 are oriented along the axis of movement of the tracker car (Fig. .4).

The device operates as follows.

The oscillator 1 (Fig. 1) feeds the field winding 10 of the primary eddy current transducer 2 (Figs. 2, 3) with a high-frequency current of about 200 kHz.

Since the pairs of turns 14 and 15 of the measuring winding 11 of the primary eddy current transducer 2 and the pairs of turns 16 and 17 of the measuring winding 12 (Figs. 2, 3) of the primary eddy current transducer 2 are turned on each other, then when the track car moves along a section of the railway track, which lacks objects and artificial structures of the railway track, such as: rail transfers, intersections, crossings, exits, tunnels and bridges, signals at the inputs of blocks 3 and 4, i.e. at the output ends of the measuring windings 11, 12 (see Fig. 2, 3) of the primary eddy current transducer 2 are close to zero. Accordingly, at the outputs of matching blocks 3, 4 (FIG. 1), the outputs of mixers 5, b (FIG. 1) and the outputs of operational amplifiers 7 and 8 (FIG. 1) of the corresponding measuring channels “x” and “y”, the output signals also close to zero.

Accordingly, the measuring windings 16 and 17 of the primary transducer 2 are oriented along the axis orthogonal to the movement of the track car (Fig. 4).

When passing by a track-measuring car a section of a railway track, which includes such objects as transfers, intersections, level crossings, ramps, bridges, tunnels, metal structural elements of these objects, falling into the area of the electromagnetic field of the field coil 10 (Fig. 2, 3 ) primary eddy current transducer 2, change the picture of its electromagnetic field.

At the same time, at the output ends of the measuring coils 11 and 12 (see FIGS. 2, 3), mismatch signals appear, the magnitude and phase of which reflect field changes caused by metal structural elements of the above objects. These signals through matching blocks 3 and 4 (see Fig. 1) are fed to the input of the mixers 5, 6, where they are converted to DC signals, the polarity and magnitude of which reflect changes in the electromagnetic field pattern when the tracker car passes through these objects. Operational amplifiers 7 and 8 (figure 1)

amplify the signals from the output of the mixers 5 and b, respectively. These signals are received in the data processing unit 9 (figure 1).

Two pairs of measuring windings orthogonally located relative to each other (11 and 12, FIGS. 2, 3) are necessary for fixing individual metal elements of railway track objects, oriented in a certain way relative to the track, so that, according to the set of signs of the signals received at the output of the channels “x” and “y” to identify the above objects and man-made structures. A pair of measuring windings located along the axis of movement (windings 14 and 15, figure 2, 3), reacts to the metal elements of the objects of the railway track located inside the track and oriented along the axis of movement or at some angle to this axis. Another pair of measuring windings (windings 16 and 17, FIGS. 2, 3), oriented orthogonally to the axis of movement, reacts to the metal elements of the objects of the railway track located inside the track in the direction orthogonal to the axis of movement of the tracker.

If such elements have a predominant effect on the first half of the transverse winding (half 17, FIG. 4), then a positive polarity signal is generated at the output of channel “x”, the magnitude of which is determined by the degree of this predominant influence. If such metal elements create a predominant effect on the second half of the transverse winding (half 16, Fig. 4), then a negative polarity signal is generated at the output of channel “x”, the magnitude of which is determined by the degree of this predominant influence. In the case of a symmetric (identical) effect of metal structural elements of the test object on both the first and second transverse halves, the output signal of the channel “x” is close to zero.

If a metal structural element of a railway track object, for example, a rail, has a longitudinally oriented or located at a certain angle to the axis of movement of the tracker car, for example, the rail has a predominant effect on the left half of the longitudinal winding (on the winding 14, Fig. 4), then the channel “ y ”a signal of positive polarity is formed, the value of which is determined by the degree of this predominant influence. If during the movement of the tracker car, the predominant influence of the metal elements of the object of the railway track is on the right half of the longitudinal measuring coil relative to the direction of movement (on the coil 15, figure 4), then a negative polarity signal is generated at the output of channel “y”, the magnitude of which

determined by the degree of this predominant influence. In the case of a symmetric (identical) influence of metal elements on both the left (14) and right (15) halves of the longitudinal measuring winding, the output signal of the channel “y” is close to zero.

We will show the fundamental possibility of identifying objects of the railway track and artificial structures using the example of the main objects, which are single turnouts and rail intersections. Figure 4 presents a diagram of a device of a single ordinary right turnout switch.

Figure 5 presents the experimentally obtained recordings of the output signals of the channels "x" and "y" with the anti-wool passage of the track car through the turnout of the indicated type op route 1, figure 4, i.e. along a straight section of the path. Short alternating output signals along the measuring channel “x” are caused by the influence of the primary and secondary switch rods on the primary eddy current transducer. The alternating and extended along the path signal at the output of the channel “y” is determined by the influence of the crossed thread of the side path on the longitudinally located left and right halves of the winding 11 of FIG. 2 of the measuring channel “y”.

Fig. 6 shows the recordings of the output signals of the channels "x" and "y" during the anti-wool passage of the track car through the turnout switch of Fig. 4 along route 2, Fig. 4, i.e. op lateral path.

In Fig.7 and Fig.8 presents a record of the output signals of the channels "x" and "y" with the passage of the wagon of the track car through the turnout of Fig.4 from the side track and from a straight section of the track, respectively.

An analysis of the signals presented in FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 8 allows us to conclude that the combination of signals along the measuring channels “x” and “y” unambiguously characterizes not only the passage of the tracker car through a single ordinary turnout, but also the direction of such passage and driving route. Indeed, in the process of passing a single turnout switch of any type and along any route of movement, the primary transducer 2 (Fig. 1) crosses one rail lash, therefore, one sufficiently long along the path s (≈10-15 m) is formed at the output of the measuring channel "y" continuous bipolar signal. The presence of bipolar short along the path s signals at the output of the measuring channel "x", preceding the appearance of a bipolar output signal on the channel "y" indicates anti-wool passage through a single railroad switch (see Fig. 5, 6). The polarity of the first half-wave of the output signal on the channel "y" characterizes the route

movement. So, when passing through a single ordinary right turnout switch, the positive polarity of the first half-wave of the output signal of channel “y” (see FIG. 5) corresponds to the passage of the tracker along a straight path (see FIG. 4). The negative polarity of the first half-wave of the output signal of the channel "y" corresponds to the movement through a single ordinary turnout on the side path (see Fig.6).

The presence of short along the path s bipolar at the output of the measuring channel “x”, corresponding to the additional and main rods and following at the end of the bipolar output signal of the measuring channel “y”, indicates that the track carriage passes through a single ordinary transfer (see Fig. 7, 8). At the same time, the positive polarity of the first half-wave of the output signal on the measuring channel “y” indicates the passing of the track carriage through an ordinary right turnout switch from the side track (see Fig. 7). If the polarity of the first half-wave of the signal on the measuring channel “y” is negative, it indicates the passage of the track-car through the ordinary right turnout switch along a straight path (see Fig. 8).

Figures 9 and 10 are diagrams of blind rail intersections of an oblique (figure 9) and rectangular (figure 10). When moving through these intersections, the primary eddy current transducer passes over two rail threads. Figure 11 shows the recording of the output signals of the measuring channels "x" and "y" during the passage of the tracker car through a blind oblique intersection along route 1 (see Fig. 9). On Fig presents records of the same output signals during the passage of the car tracker along route 3 (see Fig.9). A sign of the passage of the oblique intersection is the presence of two successive alternating signals at the output of the measuring channel "y". A sign of movement along route 1 (see Fig. 9) is the fact that a series of two successive alternating signals at the output of channel “y” begins with a positive half-wave. A sign of movement along route 3 (see Fig. 9) is the fact that the above series begins with a negative half-wave.

Double turnouts, including crossroads, congresses, including crossroads, are a combination of single turnouts and oblique intersections. Their identification is based on the identification of constituent objects, i.e. single turnouts and oblique intersections.

On Fig presents recordings of the output signals of the measuring channels "x" and "y" when passing the track car through a blind rectangular intersection. A sign of passing through such an intersection is the presence of two successive alternating signals at the output of channel “x”. At the same time, at the output of channel “y”, the signal is close to zero. The interval between alternating signals at the output of the channel "x" does not exceed 1.5 m (see Fig.13).

When passing the tracker car through such artificial structures as railway crossings, bridges, tunnels, the output signals on the measuring channels “x” and “y” do not fundamentally differ from the corresponding signals, which are shown in Fig. 13. on this basis, we can conclude that the identification sign for blind rectangular intersections, crossings, bridges and tunnels is the same - this is the fact of the appearance of a bipolar output signal on the measuring channel “x” at the beginning and at the end of the identification object. The difference is in the length of the object. If for blind rectangular intersections the interval between the above signals is 1.5 m, then for crossings it can be 6-15 m, and for bridges and tunnels at least 25 m. Figure 14 shows the signal records at the outputs of the measuring channels x "and" y "when passing the tracker car through a railway crossing covered with metal plates, and in Fig. 15, recording the same signals when passing a railway bridge 250 m long.

Claims (5)

1. A device for identifying objects and artificial structures of the railway track, containing a self-oscillator, eddy current transducer, includes a data processing unit, two identical measuring channels “x” and “y”, each of which contains a matching unit, a mixer, connected in series operational amplifier, while one output of the oscillator is connected to the excitation winding of the primary eddy current transducer, and the other output of the oscillator is connected to one of the inputs of the mixers of the “x” and “y” channels, the outputs of the measuring windings of the primary eddy current transducer are connected to the outputs of the corresponding matching blocks of each measuring channel, and the outputs of the matching blocks are connected to the inputs of the respective mixers, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the operational amplifiers of each measuring channel, the outputs of the latter connected to the corresponding inputs of the data processing unit. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary eddy current transducer is made in the form of a foil rectangular textolite board with excitation windings and two measurement windings made on the photolithographic method located on both sides of it. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the field winding is made in the form of two rectangular turns, connected in series with each other, each of which is placed along the perimeter of the forward and reverse sides of the foil-coated textolite board. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the measuring winding of the primary eddy current transducer located on the straight side of the foil-coated textolite board is made in the form of a pair of rectangular-shaped turns connected opposite to each other and located along opposite sides of the excitation winding of the primary eddy current transducer. 5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the other measuring winding of the primary eddy current transducer is located on the reverse side of the foil textolite board and is made in the form of a pair of square-shaped turns connected opposite to each other and located along opposite sides of the field winding orthogonal to two other sides of the field winding.