RU54478U1 - PULSE DIGITAL RADIATION DIGITAL RECORDER - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model relates to measuring technique, and can be used to determine the spatial distribution of pulsed light radiation, to measure the characteristics of electron-optical converters (ICs) in their manufacture, and also together with the image intensifier to read information from its screen. The technical result of the proposal is to expand the dynamic range of the recorder, increase the threshold sensitivity while ensuring high spatial resolution. The technical result in a digital pulsed light detector containing a CCD matrix, the information output of which is connected through the first sampling unit to the first charge amplifier, the control inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the central processor, the ADC, the control input of which is connected to the corresponding output of the central processor, information the ADC output is connected to the input of the central processor and the input of the information reception and transmission unit, which is connected to the visualization computer, The central processor s are connected to the corresponding control inputs of the transceiver block, the level matching logic block connected to the control input of the CCD matrix, in that the CCD matrix in the recorder is made of two sections not connected by charge coupling, I located from each other at a distance of one pixel of the CCD matrix and not affecting the image uniformity of the detected light pulse, and a second sampling unit, a second charge amplifier and an analog multiplexer are introduced into the recorder, p whereby the control inputs of the second sampling block and the second amplifier and multiplexer are connected to the corresponding control outputs of the central processor, the information output of each section of the CCD matrix is connected through a series-connected sampling block and amplifier to the corresponding input of the analog multiplexer, the output of which is connected to the ADC input, the control input of each sections of the CCD matrix through the corresponding logical block matching the levels connected to the control output of the Central processor.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to measuring technique, and is a device for reading information obtained during registration of light radiation. The registrar can be used to determine the spatial distribution of pulsed light radiation arising from physical studies of ionizing radiation. The recorder can also be used to measure the characteristics of electron-optical converters in their manufacture, as well as in conjunction with an electron-optical converter to read information from its screen.

Known digital registrars of light and x-ray images obtained from diagnostic devices with their subsequent transfer to a personal computer manufactured by the domestic company RASTR, in which the original image is projected onto the CCD sensor using an optical system. The RASTR company has about 20 patents on the subject under consideration, for example, 2231233, 2199191, 2072747 (1), etc. The devices presented in them are used, as a rule, in television technology, in video surveillance systems and do not solve the problems of registering single pulse processes. In the patent No. 2168624 (2) of Raster, a device is used that uses a second storage section, which is connected by charge communication with the first storage section to provide recursive filtering. The system operates only in the continuous exposure mode of the two-section accumulation region, moreover, the presence of a second accumulation section associated with charge coupling with the first accumulation section does not expand the dynamic range.

Digital recorders of pulsed light and X-ray images on CCD arrays are the subject of development and research of the applicant, presented in the inventions of FSUE NIIIT No. 1117860, 1001499, 1373292, 1503660, 1488855, 1482499, 2140092 (3) and others.

The Japanese company Hamamatsu produces digital reading systems for scientific use, in particular, combined with an electron-optical amplifier with a shutter function and without it, for example, digital systems such as C-4880-20, 21, -50, etc. The used CCD matrices have medium format from 512 × 512 elements to 1024 × 1024 elements. All systems have a mechanical optical shutter, a lens. Hamamatsu has about 17 US patents for digital reading systems, usually for medical purposes, for example, US patents Nos. 6,720,996 - 2004, 6724062 - 2004 (4), and others. Hamamatsu has about 15 Japanese patents for digital systems. reading light and X-ray images using medium format CCD sensors: from 512 × 512 elements to 1024 × 1024 elements, for example, patents No. 2004134527, 2003172782, 2002360111 (5).

In studies of the spatial and temporal structure of light radiation, the most important parameters of the recorder are spatial resolution, threshold sensitivity and dynamic range, the improvement of which is the subject of this proposal. These parameters are determined not only by the conditions and operating modes of the recorder, but also by the format of the CCD matrix. Large-format CCDs: 2048 × 2048 elements produced by the English company E2V Technology and the French company Atmel Grenoble. During the search, no patents were found describing registrars using CCD matrices of the format of 2048 × 2048 elements. Japanese Patent No. 2004343190 2004-12-02 H 04 N 1/407 (6)

A device is presented in which dark currents are reduced by reading two rows of a CCD matrix, detecting the background level in the main signal and subtracting the background signal in the main channel. This is implemented using the feedback circuit from the output of the sample block to the main channel, consisting of a background detector and a differential amplifier.

The closest technical solution to this proposal is a light radiation recorder containing a CCD matrix, the information output of which through the first sampling unit is connected to the first charge amplifier, the control inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the central processor, the ADC, the control input of which is connected to the corresponding output of the central processor, the ADC information output is connected to the input of the central processor and to the input of the information reception and transmission unit, which is connected to the computer rum imaging CPU outputs connected to respective control inputs of the reception-transmission unit, a logic block matching layers coupled to the control input of the CCD presented in US Pat. U.S. Pat. No. 6,753,920 from 2004 (7). The registrar solves the problem of expanding the dynamic range by receiving the first and second information signals recorded from one object two times in succession using a primary and secondary stroboscopic flash. This recorder cannot be used to register pulsed light radiation. The use of a single-section large-format CCD matrix (2048 × 2048 elements) will increase the reading time in the US Pat registrar, during which a dark charge will accumulate in the CCD matrix, which reduces the threshold sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio, and, therefore, reduces the dynamic registration range. Read speed increase

wide-format CCD-matrix is limited by its technical characteristics and reduces the dynamic range.

The technical result of the proposal is to expand the dynamic range of the recorder, increase the threshold sensitivity while ensuring high spatial resolution.

The technical result in a digital pulsed light recorder containing a CCD matrix, the information output of which is connected through the first sampling unit to the first charge amplifier, the control inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the central processor, the ADC, the control input of which is connected to the corresponding output of the central processor, information the ADC output is connected to the input of the central processor and the input of the information reception and transmission unit, which is connected to the visualization computer, The central processor s are connected to the corresponding control inputs of the transceiver unit, the level matching logic block connected to the control input of the CCD matrix, in that the CCD matrix in the recorder is made of two sections that are not connected by charge coupling and are located on each other the distance of one pixel of the CCD matrix and not affecting the uniformity of the image of the detected light pulse, and a second sampling unit, a second charge amplifier and an analog multiplexer are introduced to the recorder, p By that, the control inputs of the second sampling block of the second amplifier and multiplexer are connected to the corresponding control outputs of the central processor, the information output of each section of the CCD matrix is connected through a series-connected sampling block and amplifier to the corresponding input of the analog multiplexer, the output of which is connected to the ADC input, the control input of each sections of the CCD matrix through the corresponding logical block matching the levels connected to the control output of the Central processor.

The essence of this proposal is to increase by 2 times the speed of reading the charge from the CCD matrix, which reduces the accumulated dark charge, which is one of the main factors in reducing the threshold sensitivity and reducing the dynamic range. The large format of the CCD matrix (2048 × 2048 elements) provides high spatial resolution.

The block diagram of the proposed utility model is presented in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the execution of the central processor and the information reception and transmission unit at the level of blocks not participating in the utility model formula.

The registrar contains a CCD matrix 1, logical blocks - drivers 2, 3 matching levels, blocks 4, 5 sample-storage, amplifiers 6, 7, multiplexer 8, ADC 9, the central processor 10, the block 11 of the reception and transmission of information, visualization computer 12, sections of the CCD are indicated by 13, 14.

The CCD matrix 1 is made up of two sections 13 and 14 that are not connected by a charge coupling, and located at a distance of one pixel from the CCD matrix, which does not affect the uniformity of the image of the detected light pulse, and can be performed on a Atmel Grenoble type TN7899M chip (France ) Drivers 2, 3 are level converters and are used to control charge transfer in CCD sections and registers and can be built on electronic keys EL7457CS and EL7156GS (Elantec), MAX312CSE and MAX1659ESA (Maxim), MC79L05ACD (On Semiconductor), LP2951ACM (National Semiconductor) )

Amplifiers 6, 7 can be made on the basis of AD812AR (Analog Devises) chips. Sample-storage blocks 4, 5 are designed to store charge from the information output of each section of the CCD matrix and can be performed on passive RC elements. Analog multiplexer 8, (MAX35S from Maxim), serves as a serial switching device for analog channels at the input of ADC 9, which provides the conversion of an analog signal into a digital code and can be implemented as a conveyor-type ADC with a double correlated sampling type AD9826KRS from Analog Devises.

The central processor 10 is used to generate control signals to drivers 2, 3, to sampling and storage units 4, 5, to amplifiers 6, 7 of ADC multiplexer 8 and to transmit information codes to the transmit-receive unit 11. The control signals of the central processor are functionally different. arrive at controlled units at various points in time along highways. As can be seen from figure 2, the Central processor contains a start block, a memory block, a control unit, registers of operating modes, a power generator, which includes an arithmetic-logic device. The information transmitting and receiving unit 11 comprises buffers, a processor, an Ethernet controller, an Ethernet transceiver, a 10BascT interface, a 10BascFL interface. Buffers ipsdsgdvlyayut an asynchronous bidirectional data bus. The TCP / IP processor provides TCP / IP transport protocols. The Ethernet controller provides physical layer protocols for the Ethernet environment and has an external 10BaseT (twisted pair) interface. The transceiver provides the coordination of two environments: twisted pair and fiber optic cable.

The synchronous operation of the blocks and the registrar as a whole is determined by the software and software of the software, embedded in blocks 10 and 11.

The proposed utility model works as follows.

A registered image is projected onto a two-section CCD matrix 1. The central processor 10, triggered by an external trigger, generates control signals to the drivers 2, 3 and the CCD matrix 1 - each section 13, 14 of it goes into accumulation mode. An optical image is converted in each section 13, 14 of the CCD matrix 1 into a charge image. After the end of the pulse of light radiation, the Central processor 10 using the control signals to the drivers 2, 3 puts the sections 13, 14 of the CCD matrix 1 in read mode. The capture of information charges from the outputs of sections 13, 14 of the CCD matrix 1 is carried out by the clock signals of the central processor 10, simultaneously. If in section 13 reading is performed from the top line, then in section 14 - from the bottom line. Charges stored in sampling and storage units 4, 5 after amplification by amplifiers 6, 7 s

programmable gains, are fed to the inputs of multiplexer 8. At both inputs of analog multiplexer 8, charges are read from each section 13, 14 of the CCD matrix 1. Analog multiplexer 8 provides sequential supply of signals from two channels to the input of the ADC 9. At the output of the ADC a digital code is obtained corresponding to one pixel of the detected light radiation. Then, the resulting digital code is supplied to the central processor 10, in which it is stored and accumulated in the DRAM. Upon request, information is transmitted from the remote visualization computer via the information reception and transmission unit 11 to the visualization computer 12. Information is processed in the computer 12; sorting of the received codes and graphic display of the registered light pulsed radiation.

Thus, to the proposal of the applicant, the reading time of the information signal from the CCD matrix in comparison with the prototype is reduced by half. This is a significant factor, as To register the spatial structure of light radiation, a large-format CCD 2048 × 2048 was used. Accordingly, the time of dark charge accumulation in the CCD matrix is reduced, which leads to an increase in threshold sensitivity and expansion of the dynamic range while ensuring high spatial resolution.

LITERATURE

1. Patents of the Russian Federation of the company RASTER No. 2231233, 2199191, 2072747 - H 04 N 5/30

2. Patent of the company Raster No. 2168624 H 04 N 5/30

3. Patents of the Russian Federation FGUPNIIIT No. 1117860, 1001499, 1373292, 1503660, 1488855, 1482499, 2140092 - H 04 N 5/30

4. US patents of the company Hamamatsu No. 6720996, 6724062, H 04 N 7/00 - 2004

5. Japanese Patents No. 2004134527, 2003172782, 2002360111, H 04 N 7/00

6. Japan Patent No. 2004343190 from 2004-12-02 H 04 N 5/30

7. US patent No. 6753920 H 04 N 5/222, 2004 - prototype

Claims (1)

A digital pulsed light detector containing a CCD matrix, the information output of which is connected to the first charge amplifier through the first sampling unit, the control inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the central processor, the ADC, the control input of which is connected to the corresponding output of the central processor, the information output of the ADC is connected with the input of the central processor and the input of the information reception and transmission unit, which is connected to the visualization computer, the outputs of the central processor and connected to the corresponding control inputs of the transceiver unit, the level matching logic unit connected to the control input of the CCD matrix, characterized in that in the recorder the CCD matrix is made of two sections not connected by charge coupling, and located at a distance of one from one another pixel of the CCD matrix and not affecting the uniformity of the image of the detected light pulse, and a second sampling unit, a second charge amplifier and an analog multiplexer are introduced into the registrar, and the control inputs of the second sampling block and the second amplifier and multiplexer are connected to the corresponding control outputs of the central processor, the information output of each section of the CCD matrix is connected through a series-connected sampling block and amplifier to the corresponding input of the analog multiplexer, the output of which is connected to the ADC input, the control input of each CCD section matrix through the corresponding logical block matching the levels connected to the control output of the Central processor.