RU53880U1 - DEVICE FOR REGISTRATION OF RENOGRAPHIC RESEARCHES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine and can be used in conducting radioisotope studies. A device for recording renographic examinations of a patient’s condition 1, contains radioisotope material 2 mounted, respectively, on a support stand 3 of adjustable height, for example, a left sensor 4 and a right sensor 5, on a support stand 6 of adjustable height. Sensors 4, 5 for detecting radioisotope emissions have two electrically interconnected outputs connected through 7 interfaces for the exchange and input of data into the control computer 8 with the display of the results. The host computer 8 is equipped with an input information processing processor 9, comprising an isotope dose calibration module and a symmetry of the outputs of the radioisotope radiation sensors 4, 5, a module for digitizing two analog signals, and a real-time processing module 12 for a given algorithm of received signals. For the electric power supply of sensors 4, 5, the device is equipped with a high-voltage unit 13. One of the inputs and outputs of the processor 9 is connected to the interface 7 for exchanging and entering data into the control computer 8, and the other input-output is connected with the possibility of receiving and transmitting control commands from an autonomous specialized the software complex 14, with the bus 15 of the control computer 8, while one of the inputs of the control computer 8 is connected via the operator panel 16 to the data exchange and input interface 7, and the other outputs are connected to the monitor 17 and printer 18.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine and can be used in conducting radioisotope studies.

A radioisotope study of the functional characteristics of the kidneys is carried out by measuring the dynamics of accumulation and excretion of the radionuclide 1-131 by the kidneys using a renographic device after intravenous administration of a hippurate containing gamma-emitting radionuclide 1-131 to the patient.

A renographic study of renal urodynamics is a classic method of radioisotope diagnosis, widely used in practical public health. At present, when such expensive instruments as gamma camera and positron emission tomographs have firmly entered the European radioisotope diagnostic practice, the renographic diagnostic technology still remains relevant due to the high information content, simplicity and vast accumulated experience of its use with the relatively low cost of the equipment used . Moreover, the specificity of the radioisotope technology for kidney diagnostics is the use of the I-131 radionuclide, the energy of gamma radiation of which does not allow the use of a gamma camera for its registration. [1, 2]

The lack of known technologies and hardware is manifested in the fact that priority is given to the creation of multifunctional and expensive supersystems, which, as a rule, are used by the consumer by 15-30%.

In the framework of clinical treatment, the results of the known devices do not always allow to obtain an objective picture of the pathology of the kidneys in order to select the optimal treatment strategy for the patient.

Renographic devices within the framework of clinical treatment are an essential part of the general set of diagnostic technologies, the results of which allow obtaining an objective picture of kidney pathology in order to choose the optimal treatment strategy for the patient.

In the mid-80s, about 200 renographic units operated in the USSR. Due to various circumstances, at present their number in Russia and Belarus does not exceed 50, while maintaining a steady trend towards a further decrease. Among other reasons, one of the main reasons is the inaccessibility of modern renographs to the average domestic consumer. The only manufacturer of renographs in Europe is the Hungarian company Mediso. The cost of the Hungarian renograph is - 40,000 cu, and the minimum size of the delivery lot is at least 20 pcs. In addition, service and maintenance of these devices is associated with almost insurmountable difficulties.

Renographic studies are shown to all patients with various nosological forms of renal pathologies and are performed both in clinical and in balneological treatment.

The clinical use of radio indicators came into practice in the 50s. The hardware and technology are developed to detect the presence (radiometry), kinetics (radiography) and distribution (scanning) of the radio indicator in the organ under study.

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype is a device for recording renographic studies, which includes: radioisotope material, two sensors for recording radioisotope radiation with outputs electrically connected to the host computer installed on racks of adjustable height, and an input interface to the host computer with the results displayed on monitor or printer [3]

Of the many devices for renographic studies of the kidneys, the most common were UR (USSR) and equipment

manufactured by Gamma (Hungary). As recording elements in these devices, recorders are used. These devices are currently in operation at the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus, however, most of them are in malfunctioning and outdated. In addition, the known device device has a number of significant drawbacks affecting the effectiveness of research:

- off-scale recording devices due to the lack of calibration;

- periodically the failure of the recorders due to drying of the ink and malfunctioning of the writing element, leading to the loss of research data;

- the lack of electronic storage of data and, as a consequence, the impossibility of electronic processing;

- the inability to take into account the departure of the parameters of the recording sensors and the applied radioisotope.

The utility model is based on the task of ensuring the implementation of renographic studies by:

- receiving and accumulating signals from recording sensors;

- conducting dynamic studies with the construction of curves "Time-activity", obtaining calculations and analytics of various clinical parameters (period of maximum accumulation, half-life, etc.);

- maintaining a database of cards of the studied patients and curves "Time-activity";

- documentation of research results by printing a research protocol and time-activity curves on an inkjet printer;

- obtaining expert opinions;

- archiving research results.

- documentation of research results by printing a research protocol and time-activity curves on an inkjet printer;

- obtaining expert opinions;

- archiving research results.

This object is achieved by the fact that in the device for recording x-ray studies, including radioisotope material, at least two electrically interconnected outputs of the sensor for recording radioisotope radiation, mounted on racks of adjustable height, and an input interface to the host computer with the display of the results on a monitor or printer, according to a utility model, the control computer is equipped with an input information processing processor containing an isotope dose calibration module and with the measurements of the outputs of the sensors for receiving radioisotope radiation, the digitalization module for two analog signals and the real-time hardware processing module according to a given algorithm of the received signals, while one of the processor inputs and outputs is connected to the input interface to the control computer, and the other input-output is connected to a control computer bus with the possibility of receiving and transmitting control commands from an additional stand-alone software package, while one of the control computer inputs is connected via an operator panel to the exchange interface, Other outputs are connected to a monitor and a printer.

It is technologically feasible that the device would be provided with mainly four or six sensors for detecting radioisotope emissions.

Structurally, in the device the input data processing processor would be additionally equipped with a programmable logic matrix (PLM), with the possibility of flashing new computational algorithms depending on the characteristics of the connected sensors and the technical conditions of the research.

Renal imaging (dynamic renoscintigraphy) is a simple and accurate way to simultaneously evaluate the functional and anatomical and graphic state of the urinary system. It is based on the registration of transport of a nephrotropic radiopharmaceutical drug (RFP) and the subsequent calculation of parameters objectivizing two successive stages:

- analysis of the vascular phase (angiophase) is aimed at assessing the symmetry of the passage of the "bolus" through the renal arteries and the relative volumes of blood supplied to each kidney per unit time;

- analysis of the parenchymal phase provides a characteristic of the relative function of the kidneys (contribution to the total cleansing ability) and the time the radiopharmaceutical passes through each kidney or its departments.

Essential in managing the work of the new device construct is the use of an autonomous software package that provides:

- initialization of the device when the power is turned on;

- installation of customizable parameters (such as the lower and upper limits of the duration of the input pulses, the accumulation time of the pulses and some other parameters) recorded in the configuration file;

- reading data from the output buffer of the device at the end of the period of accumulation of pulses and displaying information in graphical form;

- in addition to the above basic functions, the control software provides the ability to quickly check the operability of the device, configure the device parameters for working with the selected reagent and save these parameters in the configuration file.

For a better understanding of the design of the device, it is illustrated in the drawing, where

device operability, setting device parameters for working with the selected reagent and storing these parameters in the configuration file.

For a better understanding of the design of the device, it is illustrated in the drawing, where

Figure 1 is a block diagram of a device indicating the positions and names of nodes;

Figure 2 is a block diagram of a device indicating the positions.

A device for recording x-ray studies of the condition of patient 1, contains radioisotope material 2 mounted, respectively, on a support stand 3 of adjustable height, for example, a left sensor 4 and a right sensor 5, on a support stand 6 of adjustable height. Sensors 4, 5 for detecting radioisotope radiation have two electrically connected outputs connected through 7 interface exchange and data input into the control computer 8 with the display of the results. The host computer 8 is equipped with an input information processing processor 9, comprising an isotope dose calibration module and a symmetry of the outputs of the radioisotope radiation sensors 4, 5, a module for digitizing two analog signals, and a real-time processing module 12 for a given algorithm of received signals. For electric power supply of sensors 4, 5, the device is equipped with a high-voltage unit 13. One of the inputs and outputs of the processor 9 is connected to the interface 7 for exchanging and entering data into the control computer 8, and the other input-output is connected, with the possibility of receiving and transmitting control commands from an additional autonomous the software complex 14, with the bus 15 of the control computer 8, while one of the inputs of the control computer 8 is connected via the operator panel 16 to the data exchange and input interface 7, and the other outputs are connected to the monitor 17 and printer 18.

To expand the technological capabilities, efficiency and comfort of the work of the operator, the new device design allows you to simultaneously capture data from at least one pair of sensors, mainly four or six sensors, i.e. from two, three patients (conditionally not shown in the drawing).

The input information processing processor 9 is additionally equipped with a programmable logic matrix (PLM) 19, with the possibility of flashing new computational algorithms depending on the characteristics of the connected sensors and the technical conditions of the studies.

The block diagram of the device of figure 1. It operates as follows. Radioisotope material 2 is installed in front of the sensors 4 and 5. After turning on the control computer 8 and initializing the additional stand-alone software complex 14, power is supplied from the high-voltage unit 13 to the sensors and a data collection permission command is generated. The software package is launched and, using the module 10 for calibrating sensors 4, 5, they are calibrated for sensors 4, 5, designed to normalize the input signals of both channels, to take into account the spread of parameters and the accuracy of their installation on the support racks 3 and 6. After calibration, the data introduced into the module 12 hardware processing in real time and during the day save the data unchanged (if the installation of the sensors or the radioisotope element does not change). The patient under study is injected with a radioisotope solution 2 and placed in front of the sensors 4 and 5. The doctor, using the operator panel 16, starts the patient's examination cycle. Sensors 4 and 5 begin to record radioisotope radiation and in analog form, through the exchange interface 7, the data is transmitted to a signal processing processor 9 installed in a common bus 15 of the control computer 8. The incoming data from both channels through the module 11 for digitizing analog signals in digital form are transmitted to the module 12 hardware processing

in real time, where, taking into account the levels of calibration, wired algorithms for filtering interference and measurement errors according to the instructions of the additional autonomous software complex 14 (and depending on the research technology used), data are entered into the memory of the control computer 8 via a common bus 15 and parallel to the monitor 17 to display the research process. The process of obtaining data and graphs of the study at a selected scale is displayed on the monitor 17. At the command of the operator panel 16 or at the end of the study cycle, the data obtained is processed by an additional standalone software package 14 with the issuance of the examination protocol and expert opinion on the monitor 17 and printer 18, saving the study data in the database.

The input information processing processor 9 is additionally equipped with a programmable logic matrix (PLM) 19, with the possibility of flashing new computational algorithms depending on the characteristics of the connected sensors 4,5 and the technical conditions of the research. The PLM works as follows: before starting work according to the given law, the selected operation algorithm is flashed depending on the number of connected sensors 4,5 and filtering modes, the specified operation algorithm is recorded in the configuration file in the additional stand-alone software package 14, loaded every time at the technological transition of the beginning of work . The presence of PLC allows real-time processing of the input signal by controlling the configuration of the PLC gates. Changing the operating mode of the firmware for new computational algorithms is carried out without reinstalling the real-time hardware data processing module 12 installed in the control computer 8.

The above version of the device was adopted when creating a domestic multi-channel information technology complex for

The high reliability and information content of the new device makes it an indispensable screening technological diagnostic method in urological and nephrological practice and will remain such according to the following main parameters:

- ease of implementation, accessibility of technology;

- the versatility of the information received in a short period of time (10-15 minutes);

- high reliability of the technology;

- It is practically the only highly informative technology for differential diagnosis of renal colic;

- creates a minimum radiation load on the organ under study (0.01-0.02 MZV);

- low cost of the used radioisotope preparations and low cost of the examination as a whole.

The developed multichannel intellectual-technological renographic complex (MIC) along with low cost and high reliability will allow more efficient and high-quality diagnostics of the functional state of the kidneys.

The relevance of the industrial development of the device is due to the fact that not a single state has established the release of these devices in the CIS countries, and the cost of GAMMA-CAMERS manufactured by Western manufacturers that implement the described method of medical diagnostics ranges from 100 to 300 thousand dollars.

Radioisotope renography - the study of the separate and total functional (secretory-excretory or filtration) ability of the kidneys and urodynamics of the upper urinary tract. The technology is based on the principle of excretory urography. Diseases or suspected diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract, monitoring the effectiveness of the therapy; diseases of the pelvic organs (oncological, inflammatory, etc.), in which it is possible

involvement in the urinary tract. Nephrotropic compounds are used as an indicator: 131I - hippuran, 99 mTc - pentatech, ^113m In-DTPA and others. Drugs are excreted from the body by various sections of the nephron and, therefore, can separately determine the secretory function of the tubules or the filtration function of the glomeruli. Preparation using 131I - hippuran consists in blocking the thyroid gland with stable iodine preparations. The research technology is as follows: radiograph detectors, based on anatomical landmarks or under the control of ultrasound, are centered on the area of the kidneys (possibly the heart). Information collection begins simultaneously with the intravenous administration of the drug and lasts 20-30 minutes.

Primary information - radiograms reflecting changes in the concentration of the drug separately in the right and left kidneys (renograms) and in the blood (blood clearance curve). The functional state of the kidneys is assessed by the characteristic qualitative and quantitative changes in the renogram segments and the blood clearance curve. On the renograms of the "parenchymal" type, all three segments are present, but they are prolonged in time, and the peak of the renogram is smoothed. The cause of the renogram of the "parenchymal" type may be the non-synchronous operation of individual nephrons. Violation of the outflow of urine from the kidney is characterized by a renogram of the "obstructive" type. The "functional" type of renogram characterizes the complete loss of functional activity by the kidney.

In addition to renograms, a blood clearance (cleansing) curve of the blood is recorded during the study, which makes it possible to assess the total cleansing ability of the kidneys.

A number of renogram indicators are identified and determined. The form of renograms and changes in its parameters are determined by the functional state of the kidneys and, as a rule, do not carry nosological information.

The functional total ability of the kidneys and, most importantly, the contribution of each kidney to these parameters can be evaluated.

Radioisotope renography makes it possible to identify the asymmetry of the lesion, which is important in recognizing chronic pyelo-nephritis and vascular lesions of the kidneys.

The diagnostic technology implemented by the utility model in urological and nephrological practice as a multi-channel intellectual-technological renographic complex (MIC) along with low cost and high reliability will allow more efficient and high-quality diagnostics of the functional state of the kidneys and solves the following main tasks:

- receiving and accumulating signals from scintillation sensors;

- conducting dynamic studies with the construction of curves "Time-activity", the calculation and analysis of various clinical parameters (period of maximum accumulation, half-life, etc.);

- maintaining a database of cards of the studied patients and curves "Time-activity";

- automated diagnosis;

- documentation of research results by printing a research protocol and curves "Time-activity" on the printer;

- archiving research results;

- statistics and remote collection of statistical information, the ability to obtain various statistics for the required period of time.

MIC specifications are as follows:

- the number of input channels from 2 to 6 (simultaneous examination of 2 patients);

- amplitude of the recorded input pulse up to 4V;

- the pulse duration at the level of 20% of the amplitude is from 0.7 to 1.25 μs., the pulse duration at the level of 95% of the amplitude is not less than 40 ns,

- the maximum activity at which there is no MIC limitation of at least 60,000 imp./sec.

Thus, as can be seen from the comparative data of the basic devices and the new utility model, the developed device makes it possible to conduct more accurate renographic studies. Simplifies the work of maintenance staff and expands the technological capabilities for the analysis of the received data.

The device undergoes pilot industrial development in the CIS.

Information sources:

1. Hospital them. N.A.Semashko. Department of Radioisotope Diagnostics. semashko.com dated 07/12/2005

2. Installation of four-channel radio diagnostic UR1-1. Technical description and operating instructions for EJ 1.560.029 10. 252680. Kiev-680, postbox A 7786, 1977, pp. 1-12.

3. "STC AMPLITUDA." Radiation control in ecology, medicine, geophysics, etc., 124460, Moscow, PO Box 120, amplituda.ru. 07/01/2005

Claims (3)

1. A device for recording x-ray studies, comprising, at least two radioisotope materials with sensor outputs for detecting radioisotope radiation mounted on racks of adjustable height and an input interface to a control computer with the results displayed on a monitor or printer, characterized in that the control computer is equipped with an input information processing processor containing an isotope dose calibration module and a symmetry of the outputs of the radioisot receiving sensors radiation, a module for digitizing two analog signals and a real-time hardware-processing module according to a given algorithm of received signals, while one of the processor inputs and outputs is connected to the input interface to the control computer, and the other input-output is connected to the control computer bus receiving and transmitting control commands from an additional stand-alone software complex, while one of the inputs of the control computer is connected through the operator panel to the exchange interface, and the other outputs are connected to the monitor and print th. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped mainly with four or six sensors for detecting radioisotope radiation. 3. The device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the input information processing processor is additionally equipped with a programmable logic matrix (PLM) with the possibility of flashing new computational algorithms depending on the characteristics of the connected sensors for recording radioisotope emissions and the technical conditions of the research.