RU51847U1 - FILTER ATTACHMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine and can be used for use in the field of medical diagnostics, in particular, the diagnosis of oncological diseases of the larynx. For the first time, we proposed a laryngeal nozzle on a fiber, which makes it possible to directly contact the mucosa of the larynx, due to which, the autofluorescence spectra of the studied area are recorded, which is an objective diagnostic criterion. At the same time, the visual inspection function is maintained. A change in typical green intrinsic fluorescence of certain tissue sites indicates a pathological change in the mucosa. The advantage of this utility model can be the ability to examine (visually and spectroscopically) using indirect laryngoscopy, such an inaccessible organ as the larynx. The examination speeds up the diagnosis, gives a more accurate picture of the prevalence of the oncological process, which ultimately affects the choice of treatment tactics and prognosis for the patient. Another positive point is the possibility of sterilization of the nozzle, and as a result of its repeated use.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine and can be used for use in the field of medical diagnostics, in particular, the diagnosis of oncological diseases of the larynx.

Malignant tumors of the larynx are one of the most common and difficult to diagnose oncological pathologies of the head and neck. Routine diagnostics is based on direct and indirect laryngoscopy, x-ray of the larynx, computed tomography, biopsy, followed by histological examination of the tissue. However, with all of the above diagnostic methods, you can only approximately determine the boundary between healthy and tumor tissue. These boundaries are of fundamental importance for determining further surgical tactics (partial or total resection of the larynx), therefore, to preserve conversational and respiratory function. The developed optical biopsy method based on tissue autofluorescence makes it possible to visually and spectrally determine the boundaries of the oncological process with an accuracy of 1 mm.

To implement this diagnostic method, direct contact of the fiber and the mucous membrane of the larynx is necessary. Known laser nozzles LGI-21, used to study the skin, however, their drawback is the direct shape, which does not allow to examine the larynx.

For the first time, we proposed a laryngeal nozzle on a fiber, which makes it possible to directly contact the mucous membrane of the larynx, due to which the autofluorescence spectra of the studied area are recorded, which is an objective diagnostic criterion. At the same time, the visual inspection function is maintained. Change of a typical green own

fluorescence of certain tissue sites indicates a pathological change in the mucosa.

The nozzle is a hollow metal tube with a diameter of 0.4-0.6 cm with a handle-holder, through which 7 light guides (1 radiating, 6 reflecting) pass. The end of the tube is bent at a distance of 4-5 cm from the working end at an angle of 100-110 degrees, which corresponds to the anatomical shape of the larynx.

The figure 1 shows the proposed nozzle to the fiber, where

1. nozzle

2. pen

3. light guide (7 optical fibers)

4. nitrogen laser LGI-21

5. small-sized spectrometer (polychromator)

6. personal computer

By means of the proposed nozzle (1) with a handle (2) through the excitation optical fiber (3), a molecular nitrogen laser (4) with a wavelength of 337.1 nm is supplied to the studied area of the larynx of 200 × 200 microns in size. In a small volume inside the tissue in the projection of the light spot, ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by endogenous fluorophores (NADH, collagen, elastin), the luminescence of which, collected from the surface of the object, is fed by a system of 7 optical fibers to the input of a small-sized spectrometer (5) (polychromator), which is connected to a personal computer (6). Thus, the registration of autofluorescence spectra. The small size of the probed area, high accuracy of localization of the pathology is achieved by contacting the end of the fiber with the surface of the larynx. These conditions can be realized using the proposed nozzle on the optical fiber, the design dimensions and shape of which correspond to the structure of the normal larynx and the laryngoscopy technique.

The advantage of this utility model can be the ability to examine (visually, spectroscopically) using indirect laryngoscopy such an inaccessible organ as the larynx. The examination speeds up the diagnosis, gives a more accurate picture of the prevalence of the oncological process, which ultimately affects the choice of treatment tactics and prognosis for the patient. Of no small importance is the possibility of sterilization of the nozzle and, as a consequence, its repeated use.

Claims (1)

The nozzle to the optical fiber, which is a hollow tube for placement of optical fibers in it, characterized in that it has a bend of 100-110 ° at a distance of 4-5 cm from the working end.