RU51821U1 - DEVICE FOR UNDERGROUND IRRIGATION OF PLANTS AND PROTECTION OF PLANTS FROM WEED VEGETATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture and is a device designed for subsoil irrigation of plants and to protect plantings from weeds on small individual land plots. The device is made of a moisture-breathable, opaque material based on polypropylene and is a sewing product consisting of a covering fabric and one or more water-distributing pockets using stony fractions as a material for creating a water-conducting medium.

Description

A device for subsurface irrigation of plants and protection of plantings from weeds belongs to agriculture and is intended for use in small garden plots.

Subsoil watering of plants is known, which is deservedly considered one of the most effective methods of irrigation of agricultural crops ("Intrasoil irrigation of agricultural crops" Study Guide, Krasnodar 1988) There are various methods of realizing subsoil watering of plants. Some of them are based on the traditional use of tubular water conduits in the form of pipes or hoses laid at a certain depth in the soil and having outlets for supplying water to the soil.

The disadvantages of these irrigation systems are:

- the need for additional costs associated with solving the problems of siltation of water conduits and clogging of water outlets;

- uneven soil moisture;

Known methods of subsoil irrigation using channel water distributors filled with stony fractions (Aut. St. No. 1613060 class. A 01 G 25/06). The bottom of the canal is waterproofed, a rocky layer is laid on the waterproofing, a perforated film is laid on it, sand is poured on top and then the soil substrate.

This method mitigates the problem of siltation, reduces the unevenness of soil moisture, but has the following disadvantages:

- high complexity of laying channels;

- the need for additional costs for dismantling at the end of the service life;

It has long been known how to protect cultivated land from weeds, in which plants are planted in openings of sheet opaque material placed on the surface of the soil. The materials used for this have gone through a long evolution from paper-based materials (ruberoid, glassine, etc.) to modern synthetic materials (PE and PVC films, non-woven materials made of polypropylene), but to this day there are no finished products on the market of garden accessories using which you can implement this method.

The closest analogue of the claimed utility model is a subsoil irrigation device (Aut. St. No. 2083085 class. A 01 G 25/06). This device includes a supply pipe and humidifiers connected to it, equipped with a discharge pipe connected to the humidifiers and a supply pipe, while the supply and discharge pipes are formed from folds of a waterproof material, and the humidifiers are made of a moisture-breathable material and are in the form of capillaries, one of which, external, are located above the supply pipeline and communicated with it through internal capillaries located in the soil and bonded to it and with the discharge pipe home through detachable and one-piece connections.

The disadvantages of this device are as follows:

- the complexity of manufacturing, due primarily to the need to connect in a single design elements made of sheet materials of different thicknesses and with different mechanical and physical properties;

- the difficulty of installing a plastic, multi-tiered structure in the soil;

The goal pursued by the author is to create a convenient, inexpensive device that simultaneously implements the functions of subsoil irrigation of plants and protects plantings from weeds for use in amateur gardening.

The inventive device for subsurface irrigation of plants and planting protection against weeds made of moisture-, breathable, opaque material based on polypropylene, consisting of a cover sheet and associated water-distributing pockets having openings for filling pockets with a drainage composition during installation and water supply for Watering differs from analogues in that:

1. The device is a plastic structure, which is a sewing product made of one (moisture-breathable, lightproof) material using a single method of connecting the elements (option 1 - thread seam, option 2 - Velcro tape (Velcro)).

2. An integral part of the device is a covering sheet that suppresses the growth of weeds in the soil and prevents the germination of seeds of weeds in the protected area.

3. Subsoil irrigation in the device is carried out using a water distribution pocket (filled with drainage during installation), which in addition to its main purpose, fixes the position of the covering sheet on the soil surface and prevents the penetration of weed vegetation spreading by the root shoots to the protected area.

Figure 1 shows a fragment of a device for subsurface irrigation of plants and protection of plantings from weeds in the design intended for growing annual or perennial garden crops with a shallow location of the root zone. The number of parallel water-distributing pockets (3) and the distance between them (i.e. the width of the covering sheet (4)) depends on the size of the plants grown and is limited by the degree of convenience of work on the garden. (For example, for strawberries - the recommended number of pockets is 3-4, the distance between them is 30-35 cm, the distance between the planting holes (1) is 25-30 cm, the diameter of the pockets is 10 cm.) The device is installed in prepared trenches in a section free of weed vegetation. The installation consists in parallel filling all pockets with drainage material (2). (In order to reduce the weight of filled pockets, it is recommended to use one part of crushed stone mixed with three parts of expanded clay). For ease of filling, each pocket is divided into separate sections with loading openings (5). The same holes are used for water supply during irrigation. The jumpers dividing the water-distributing pockets into sections are made by intermittent thread seam, which practically does not prevent the spread of water in the pockets.

Fig. 2 shows a device for subsurface irrigation of plants and protection of plantings from weeds in the design intended for growing large single perennials with deep occurrence of the root zone

Claims (1)

A device for subsurface irrigation of plants and protection of plantings from weeds, made of air-moisture-permeable, lightproof material, characterized in that it includes a covering sheet and water-distributing pockets connected to it by means of a fillet, which are made with the possibility of filling with stony fractions.