RU50692U1 - AUTOMATED SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING OF RESULTS OF VOTING AT THE VOTING STATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to computer technology, in particular, to an automated system for recording voting results at a polling station of the State Automated System "Elections". The technical result is to increase the reliability of the accounting system for the number of voters participating in elections by eliminating the manual procedures for counting ballots lowered into ballot boxes. The technical result is achieved by the fact that the system contains first, second and third registers, a counter, a device for selecting addresses of voting ballot marks, a memory unit, a synchronization unit for recording and reading ballot marks, a unit for determining current coordinates, a coordinate comparison unit, a ballot signal receiving unit Voting and totalizer of the number of voters participating in elections.

Description

The invention relates to computer technology, in particular, to an automated system for recording voting results at a polling station of GAS "Vybory".

In a democratic state, given the sufficient development of political culture and the initiative of citizens, there is practically no (rather, and cannot be) complete unanimity in the elections. The point of the election is not to demonstrate an imaginary consensus between all citizens and social strata, which can never be achieved in a developed society, except in emergency situations, but that everyone can express their will, and state power be created and act in accordance with this will. Through the election campaign, therefore, ultimately, stability and order are achieved in public life.

Since elections are a struggle and competitiveness of candidates, they have an element of play and excitement. This is understandable, since citizens participating in the elections are faced with the need not only to determine their interests in accordance with the programs of political parties that he offers, but also to show sympathy or antipathy for specific candidates. During election campaigns, there is usually a rise in the emotional activity of people, sometimes accompanied by various kinds of excesses. In developed societies, therefore, certain standards of political behavior are developed, supported by the relevant requirements of the law. Elections give way to the discontent accumulated by a certain part of the population in the actions of the authorities, they open the only possible way for a democratic resolution of contradictions in society, excluding physical clashes of people and the way of imposing the majority opinion of a minority or individual politicians. Thus, elections are a kind of celebration for all people if they believe in democracy and strive for fair rule.

Secret ballot is an indispensable attribute of a democratic election system, an absolute privilege of voters. The voter shows his will without any control over him, pressure or intimidation, as well as maintaining his guaranteed right to never inform anyone about his choice of this or that candidate. Ballots are not subject to numbering, no one has the right to try to identify the ballot used, i.e. establish the identity of the voter.

In the Russian Federation, unlike, for example, the United States, voting machines are not used, and voting is carried out with

using ballots. To guarantee the secrecy of the will of the voter, specially equipped booths are created at polling stations to fill out ballots in which the presence of other persons is not allowed. In this regard, issues of control over the voting process are acute. The main goal is to prevent manipulation and violations by rival teams and the election commission.

Underestimating this latter circumstance can be expensive. So, in the first round of the 1996 Presidential election in many regions, when voting in ballot boxes, the bulk of the ballots were cast for the Communist Party. With the establishment of appropriate control in the second round, the result in these same regions turned out to be almost equal.

The organization of such control can be greatly facilitated if information subsystems are created at the polling stations, which make it possible to conduct a public record of the number of voters by registering the fact of lowering the ballot in the ballot box and excluding the possibility of manipulation of adding or replacing the ballots of citizens already voted by the election commissions.

Known systems that could be used to solve the problem (1, 2).

The first of the known systems contains data reception and storage units connected to control and data processing units, search and selection units connected to data storage and display units, the synchronizing inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the control unit (1).

A significant drawback of this system is the impossibility of solving the problem of updating data stored in memory in the form of relevant documents at the same time as solving the problem of delivering the contents of these documents to users in real time.

Another system is known, comprising a central processing unit, the inputs of which are connected to the memory blocks and to the data preparation and input units, and the outputs are connected to the corresponding memory blocks, the data processing unit, the information inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the corresponding memory blocks, the synchronizing inputs are connected to control outputs of the central processing unit, and the output of the block is the information output of the system (2).

The last of the above technical solutions is closest to the described.

Its drawback is the low reliability of the system, due to the fact that the counting of voting voters is carried out using manual procedures, the execution of which involves a large number of members of election commissions.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the accounting system for the number of voters participating in elections by eliminating manual procedures for counting ballots lowered into ballot boxes.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a known system containing a first register, the information and synchronizing inputs of which are the first

information and synchronizing inputs of the system, respectively, and the first output is connected to the information input of the memory block, the address input of which is connected to the output of the second register, and the output of the memory block is the first information output of the system, the synchronization block for recording and reading marks of the voting ballot, the first and second synchronizing inputs which are the second and third synchronizing inputs of the system, respectively, the first output is connected to the recording control input of the memory block, the second output is connected It is connected to the memory block reading control input, the third output is the first synchronizing output of the system, and the fourth output is the second information output of the system, the third register, the information input of which is the second information input of the system, and the synchronizing input is the fourth synchronizing input of the system, and the adder of the number of voters election participants, whose synchronizing input is the first control input of the system, and the outputs are the third and fourth information outputs of the system Accordingly, a device was introduced for selecting addresses of voting ballot marks, the first information input of which is connected to the second output of the first register, the first synchronizing input is connected to the first synchronizing input of the system, the first output is connected to the information input of the second register, and the second output is connected to the synchronizing inputs of the second register and block synchronization recording and reading marks of the voting ballot, the counter, the output of which is connected to the second information input of the device To address selection voting ballot marks current determination unit

coordinates, the first and second synchronizing inputs of which are the fifth and sixth synchronizing inputs of the system, respectively, the coordinate comparison unit, the first information input of which is connected to the first output of the current coordinate determination unit, the second, third and fourth information inputs are connected to the corresponding outputs of the third register, the synchronizing input the coordinate comparison unit is connected to the second output of the current coordinate determination unit, and the output is connected to the counter input of the counter and to the second sync the input of the device for selecting addresses of marks of the voting ballot, and the signal receiving block of the voting ballot, the synchronizing input of which is the clock input of the system, and the output is connected to the clock input of the current coordinate determination unit and is the second synchronizing output of the system, while the counting input is the adder of the number of voting participants election and the installation input of the counter are connected to the sixth synchronizing input of the system, and the installation inputs of the first and second registers are connected to im clock input system.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a structural diagram of a system, Fig. 2 shows an example of a specific constructive implementation of a device for selecting addresses of ballot marks, Fig. 3 shows an example of a specific constructive implementation of a synchronization block for recording and reading ballot marks 4, an example of a specific constructive implementation of a coordinate determination unit, FIG. 5, an example of a specific constructive implementation of a code comparison unit, on f D.6 - an example

specific constructive implementation of the block receiving signals of the voting ballot, Fig. 7 shows an example of a specific constructive implementation of the adder of the number of voting voters, Fig. 8 shows an example of a constructive implementation of the tape mechanism of the ballot box.

The system (Fig. 1) contains the first 1, second 2, and third 3 registers, a counter 4, a device 5 for selecting addresses of voting ballot marks, a memory unit 6, a synchronization unit for recording and reading ballot marks, a block 7 for determining current coordinates, a block 8 9 coordinate comparison, the block 10 receiving the signal of the voting ballot and the adder 11 of the number of voting election participants.

Figure 1 also shows the first 15 and second 16 information inputs of the system, the first 17, second 18, third 19, fourth 20, fifth 21 and sixth 22 clock inputs of the system, control 23 and clock 24 system inputs. In addition, the drawing shows the first 25, second 26, third 27 and fourth 28 information outputs of the system, as well as the first 29 and second 30 synchronizing outputs of the system.

The device 5 (figure 2) contains a memory unit 31, made in the form of read-only memory, a decoder 32, elements 33 - 35 AND, element 37 OR, a group of elements 38 OR, 39, 40 delay elements. The drawing also shows the first 41 and second 42 information inputs, the first 43 and second 44 clock inputs, as well as the first 45 and second 46 outputs.

Block 7 (figure 3) contains a trigger 51, elements 52-53 And, a sensor 54 of the daily time, elements 55-57 delay. The drawing also shows information 61 and synchronizing 62 inputs,

the first 63 and second 64 information outputs, and the synchronizing 65 output.

Block 8 (figure 4) contains a counter 71, trigger 72, element 73 AND, element 74 delay. The drawing also shows the first 75 and second 76 clock inputs, clock input 77, as well as the first 78 and second 79 outputs.

Block 9 (figure 5) contains comparators 81-83 and the element 84 OR. The drawing also shows the first 85, second 86, third 87 and fourth 88 information inputs, as well as output 90.

Block 10 (Fig.6) contains a trigger 91, a pulse generator 92, an element 93 And, an element 94 delay. The drawing also shows the timing 95 input and output 96 of the block.

Block 11 (Fig.7) contains a counter 97 and a group of elements 98 OR. The drawing also shows the counting 99 and the control 100 inputs of the block, as well as the first 101 and second 102 information outputs of the block.

The system operates as follows.

Before starting the system from the automated workstation of the chairman of the election commission, three types of marks should be recorded in the memory of the system, which will be put on the ballot of the voting participant.

Typically, these marks include

- date of the vote,

- place of voting (for example, polling station No. 202);

- An image of a special symbol identifying the belonging of a given polling station to a given constituency.

For this purpose, the signal “Transfer the system to the entry mode of marks” is received from the workstation of the chairman of the commission to the input of the system 18, from where this signal is fed to input 58 of block 7 and then to the direct input of trigger 51, setting it to a single state, in which element 52 AND will be open, and element 53 AND is closed.

At the workstation, codograms are formed sequentially having the following structure:

CODES Mark serial number (1,2 or 3) Content or graphic display mark From the second output of register 1 From the first output of register 1

Are these codograms sequentially fed to the information input 15 of the system? and with a synchronizing pulse from input 17, each codogram is entered into register 1. From one output of register 1, mark codes are sent to the information input of memory unit 6, and from another output, the code of the serial number of the mark goes to input 41 of device 5 and then through elements 38 OR groups it fed to the input of the decoder 32.

Decoder 32 determines the sign of the mark, giving out one of its outputs high potential.

For definiteness, we assume that a high potential is received at one input of element 33 I. At the same time, the synchronizing pulse from the input 17 of the system enters the input 43 of device 5, where the OR element 36 passes and is delayed by element 39 for the duration of the operation of the decoder 32, and then interrogates the state of the elements 33-35 I.

Given the fact that only element 33 And will be open at one input, then, having passed this element And, the clock pulse arrives, firstly, at the read input of a fixed memory cell of read-only memory 31, where the address at which this mark should be stored recorded in the memory unit 6, and reads the contents of a fixed memory cell to the output 45 of the device 5.

Secondly, the same read pulse, having passed the OR element 37, is delayed by the delay element 40 for the time of reading the contents of the fixed ROM cell and then is output 46, from where it goes to the synchronizing input of register 2, fixing the address code for writing the mark in it, coming from the output 45 of the device 5. From the output of the register 2, the address code arrives at the address input of the memory unit 6.

In parallel, the same clock pulse from the output 46 of the device 5 passes to the input 60 of block 7 and then through the element 52 And to the input of the delay element 55, where it is delayed by the time the address code is entered in register 2, and then it is output to the output 61 of block 7 as a pulse write the contents of register 1 to memory block 6 at the address generated in register 2.

Likewise, recording in block 6 of the memory and the remaining marks is carried out, which during the voting process will have to be put on the ballots of each of the voting participants.

After the end of entering the codes of marks in the memory block 6, the signal of the end of the formation and recording of marks in the memory block 6 is received at the system input 19 from the workstation of the chairman of the election commission. This signal from the input 19 of the system, firstly, registers 1, 2 is reset, and secondly, it is fed to the input 59 of block 7, returning the trigger 51 to its initial state, in which element 52 AND will be closed, and element 53 AND - open, thereby preparing a chain for passing synchronizing pulses from input 60 to outputs 62 and 63.

In addition, from the workstation of the chairman of the election commission, input 16 and further to the information input of register 3 receives a codogram having the following structure:

THE CODE THE CODE THE CODE the size of the interval from the beginning of the ballot to the location of the first mark the size of the interval from the beginning of the ballot to the location of the second mark the size of the interval from the beginning of the ballot to the location of the third mark

This codogram by a synchronizing pulse arriving at the input 20 of the system and then to the synchronizing input of register 3 is entered in register 3, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs 86-87 of the corresponding comparators 81-83 of block 9.

After performing all of the above procedures, the system is put into standby mode by applying a signal “End of data entry” to system input 19, from where this signal, firstly, passes through input 59 of block 7 to the installation input of trigger 51, returning it to its original state, at which element 53 And opens, and element 52 And closes, and, secondly, the same signal is fed to the installation inputs of registers 1, 2, returning them to their original state.

The work of the system for recording the voting participants begins from the moment the first voting participant approaches the ballot box (not shown in the drawing) and inserts the voting ballot into the hole of the ballot drawer (Fig. 8), the main structural element of which is a rotating drum serving as an intermediate carrier , with the help of which the image of marks is transferred to the surface of the voting ballot.

The drum is a cylinder 7, covered with a thin film of a light-conducting semiconductor, which is used as zinc oxide or selenium. A static charge is evenly distributed on the surface of the drum. This is achieved using a thin wire or mesh called a corona wire. High voltage is applied to this wire, causing a luminous ionized region to appear around it, called the corona.

Laser 2, controlled by microcontroller 1, generates a thin light beam reflected from a rotating mirror. The image is scanned in the same way as in a television picture tube: there is a ray moving along a line and a frame. Using a rotating mirror, the beam glides along the cylinder, and its brightness changes abruptly: from full light to complete darkness, and the cylinder is also charged stepwise (pointwise).

This beam, coming to the drum 7, changes its electric charge at the point of contact. The size of the charged point area depends on the focusing of the laser beam. The beam is focused using the lens. Thus, on the drum 7, the intermediate medium, there is a latent copy of the image in the form of an electrostatic relief.

At the next stage, toner is applied to the image pick-up drum - paint, which is the smallest particles. Under the influence of a static charge, these particles are easily attracted to the surface of the drum at points exposed to exposure, and form an image already in the form of a dye relief.

The ballot paper is drawn from the inlet of the ballot box and, using a system of rollers, moves to the drum. Just before the drum, paper is charged with a static charge. Then the paper comes in contact with the drum and attracts, thanks to its charge, particles of toner previously deposited on the drum.

To fix the toner, the paper is recharged and passed between two rollers with a temperature of about 180 ° C. After the end of the process of marking the ballot, the drum is completely discharged, cleaned of adhering excess particles, thereby preparing for a new printing process.

The process of marking the voting ballot from the moment of its insertion into the reception hole and until the marked ballot is lowered into the ballot box can be divided into several interrelated stages, during the passage of which functional components of the pulling and printing mechanism are involved, such as: central processor; sweep processor; mirror motor control board; beam brightness amplifier; temperature control unit; sheet feed control unit; paper feed control board; interface board; Power Supply; board of buttons and indication of the control panel; additional RAM expansion cards.

When a ballot paper is inserted into the hole of the mechanism for pulling the ballot, a photocell is activated that fixes the moment the ballot was inserted, the output signal of which goes to the input 24 of the system, and then through the input 95 of block 10 it is fed to the single input of trigger 91, setting it to a single state, in which it opens the 93 I element. The first pulse of the 92 pulse generator passes through the 93 And element to the output 96 of the block 10 and is then issued to the system output 30 as a synchronizing signal to start the mechanism for drawing the ballot for votes Ania.

Secondly, after the delay by the element 94, the same pulse is supplied to the installation input of the trigger 91 and returns to its original state.

And finally, thirdly, the same pulse goes to the input 75 of block 8 and then to the single input of the trigger 72, setting it to a single state, in which the element 73 And opens, through which synchronizing pulses begin to come from the input 21 through the input 77 from the sensor of the mechanism for pulling the ballot to the counter input of the counter 71.

The coordinate code of the ballot position in the pulling mechanism from the counter 71 output through the output 79 of block 8 and the input 85 of block 9 is fed to one of the inputs of the comparators 81-83 of block 9, the other inputs of which from the corresponding outputs of register 3 are given the coordinates coordinates of the position of marks on the voting ballot .

In addition, from the output of the element 73 And each synchronizing pulse is delayed by the element 74 for the duration of the counter 71, and then through the output 80 of the block 8 and the input 89 of the block 9 goes to the synchronizing inputs of the comparators 81-82.

As soon as the readings of counter 71 are equal to the length of the interval at which the first mark should be from the beginning of the ballot, for example, the date of voting, an impulse will appear at the output of the first comparator, which, having passed element 84 OR from output 90 of block 9, is received as a counting input of the counter 4, fixing the fact of issuing the first mark, and to the input 44 of the device 5.

The code from the output of the counter 4 through the input 42 of the device 5 then goes through the elements 38 OR groups to the input of the decoder 32.

Decoder 32 determines the sign of the first mark, giving out one of its outputs high potential.

For definiteness, we assume that a high potential is received at one input of element 33 I. In parallel with this, the synchronizing pulse from the output 90 of block 9 is fed to input 44 of device 5, where OR element 36 passes and is delayed by element 39 for the duration of operation of decoder 32, and then interrogates the states of elements 33-35 I.

Considering the fact that only the And element 33 will be open at one input, then, having passed this And element, the clock pulse arrives, first, at the read input of a fixed memory cell of the permanent storage device 31, where the address at which the first mark is recorded in block 6 memory, and reads the contents of a fixed memory cell to the output 45 of the device 5.

Secondly, the same read pulse, having passed the OR element 37, is delayed by the delay element 40 for the time of reading the contents of the fixed ROM cell and then is output 46, from where it goes to the synchronizing input of register 2, fixing the address code for writing the mark in it, coming from the output 45 of the device 5. From the output of the register 2, the address code arrives at the address input of the memory unit 6.

In parallel, the same clock pulse from the output 46 of the device 5 passes to the input 60 of block 7 and then through the element 53 And to the input of the delay element 56, where it is delayed by the time the address code is entered in register 2, and then it is output to the output 62 of block 7 as a pulse read block 6 of the memory at the address formed in the register 2.

The content code of the first mark from the output 25 of the system is issued to the information input of the processor of the ballot mechanism, and from the output 63 of block 7, a read pulse, delayed by the reading time of the code from the memory block 6 by the delay element 57, is fed to the output 29 of the system and then fed to the synchronization input the processor of the mechanism for pulling the ballot, which ensures that the ballot marks not only the voting date, but also the daily time, which from the output of the 64 system is constantly fed to another information input of the processor .

Similarly, the remaining marks are read and marked on the ballot.

As soon as the voting ballot passes to the output of the voting ballot box mechanism from the end-of-feed sensor, a synchronization pulse arrives at system input 22, which, firstly, resets counter 4 to its initial state, and, secondly, through input 99 of block 11 counter input of the counter 97, fixing the fact of voting of the first of the voting participants.

The code from the output of counter 97 through the output 101 of block 11 is issued to the output 27 of the system and is then displayed on the display panel for the number of lowered ballots, which is recorded directly on the ballot box.

In addition, with a given periodicity, for example, every hour from the AWP of the chairman of the precinct election commission, the system receives an impulse to interrogate the number of voters who voted, which through input 100 of block 11 goes to one of the inputs of elements 98 And groups, to the other inputs of which code of the number of voters who voted, and rewrites it through the output 102 of block 11 to the output 28 of the system, thereby providing an accurate count of the number of voters who voted for each hour of the current vote and an accurate count of la Voters election participants at the close of polling stations.

Thus, the introduction of new devices and units and new constructive relationships has significantly improved the reliability of counting the number of voters participating in elections, eliminating the possibility of fraud with voting ballots.

Sources of information taken into account when drawing up the description of the application:

1. US Patent No. 0,005,651 M. cl. G 06 F 13/40, 13/38, 1992

2. US Patent No. 5129083 M. cl. G 06 F 12/00, 15/40, 1992 (prototype).

Claims (1)

An automated system for recording voting results at a polling station, containing the first register, the information and synchronizing inputs of which are the first information and synchronizing inputs of the system, respectively, and the first output is connected to the information input of the memory block, the address input of which is connected to the output of the second register, and the output of the memory block It is the first information output of the system, the unit for synchronizing the recording and reading of ballot marks, the first and second synchronizing whose inputs are the second and third synchronizing inputs of the system, respectively, the first output is connected to the write control input of the memory block, the second output is connected to the read control input of the memory block, the third output is the first synchronizing output of the system, and the fourth output is the second information output of the system, the third a register, the information input of which is the second information input of the system, and the synchronizing input is the fourth synchronizing input of the system, and the adder weakly voting election participants, whose synchronizing input is the first control input of the system, and the outputs are the third and fourth information outputs of the system, respectively, characterized in that it contains a device for selecting addresses of ballot marks, the first information input of which is connected to the second output of the first register, the first synchronizing input is connected to the first synchronizing input of the system, the first output is connected to the information input of the second register, and the second output connected to the synchronizing inputs of the second register and the block for recording and reading marks of the voting ballot, the counter whose output is connected to the second information input of the device for selecting addresses of the voting ballot marks, the unit for determining the current coordinates, the first and second synchronizing inputs of which are the fifth and sixth synchronizing inputs systems, respectively, a coordinate comparison unit, the first information input of which is connected to the first output of the unit for determining the current coordinates at, the second, third and fourth information inputs are connected to the corresponding outputs of the third register, the synchronizing input of the coordinate comparison unit is connected to the second output of the current coordinate determination unit, and the output is connected to the counter input of the counter and to the second synchronizing input of the device for selecting addresses of voting ballot marks, and a voting ballot signal receiving unit, the synchronizing input of which is the clock input of the system, and the output is connected to the clock input of the current determination unit boiling coordinates and is the second output of the synchronizing system, wherein the counting input of the adder election voting members and mounting the counter input connected to the sixth input of the synchronizing system, and adjusting the inputs of the first and second registers are connected to third input of the synchronization system.