RU47506U1 - PASSAGE TRAY FOR A TWO-THREAD TANK GUN LOADING MACHINE (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to armored vehicles, and in particular to devices providing automatic loading of a tank gun when using a dual-line automatic loader in the fighting compartment, and can be used both in the development of new tank models and in their modernization. The passage tray is made in the form of a pipe with a guide and placed in a conveyor of a carousel type, instead of one of the standard cartridges for placing a shot with fixing, similar to a cartridge. In the cross section, the pipe is made in the form of an oval with the width of the charging tube of the standard cassette preserved and is located in the conveyor of the carousel type with the greater axis of the oval in the vertical plane. The guide is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the pipe at an angle that provides a smooth passage of the shot from the store of the loaded automatic loading machine into the gun’s charging chamber. Vertical grooves are made on the side surfaces of the pipe, ensuring the placement of the passage tray in the carousel-type conveyor. The second version of the utility model is given, in which the guide of the feed-through tray is made without tilting to the longitudinal axis of the pipe. The first embodiment of the passage tray is preferred when upgrading existing T-72 and T-80 tanks, and the second option can be used in the design of newly created tanks. The utility model provides an unhindered passage of a shot from an overloaded automatic loading machine into the charging chamber of the tank gun in the zone between the cartridge lifting mechanism and the charging chamber of the tank gun.

Description

The utility model relates to armored vehicles, and in particular to devices providing automatic loading of a tank gun when using a dual-line automatic loader in the fighting compartment, and can be used both in the development of new tank models and in their modernization.

A dual-line automatic loading system for a tank gun is used, for example, when using the invention “Tank fighting compartment” according to patent RU No. 2215965, class. F 41 A 9/00, 2000, and provides operational automated use of shots placed in two automatic loaders. One of the loaders, containing a magazine for laying shots, is located in a transport-loading container mounted on the back of the tower. The second automatic loader is located in the tank tower and is equipped with a carousel-type conveyor with cartridges for stacking shots or shot elements located at the bottom of the tank body. To load the gun, the unloading mechanism, common to both automatic loaders, was used, made in a transport-loading container. The mechanism for raising shots located behind the breech of the gun, in the zone of its lower part, allows automating the extraction of cartridges from the carousel-type conveyor and raising the shots to the loading line. The presence of two automatic loaders allows you to place the entire ammunition of rounds equipped with various types of shells (high-explosive, armor-piercing, sub-caliber, as well as increased power) in automated stacking, thereby ensuring the multifunctional use of tanks and increasing their military-technical effectiveness.

In the indicated two-threaded automatic loader (according to Pat. No. 2215965), in the carousel conveyor, instead of one of the cartridges, a support tray is placed that is led out to the sending line and serves to direct the dispatch of a shot or element in the area between the cartridge lifting mechanism and the tank gun charging chamber when loading from crazy transport and loading container.

The aforementioned invention can be used in the modernization of the existing fleet of T-72 or T-80 tanks in order to increase the combat effectiveness of the tank by installing an ambitious transport-loading container with an additional automatic loader. At the same time, in the zone between the cartridge lifting mechanism and the charging chamber of the tank gun, in which free space is formed, which extends the line of sending the shot when loading from an ambitious transport-loading container and makes the loading process more unstable, the mentioned cartridge should be installed, eliminating the possibility of deviation from the loading line sent shot or charge.

Known automatic loading of a tank gun (US Pat. RU, No. 2204776, F 41 A 9/50, 9/37, 2000), containing a rotating conveyor with cartridges, a cartridge lifting mechanism, a rammer, in which the cartridge is unified for all types of shots, used in a tank, including a guided missile with an increased diameter and length, by increasing the diameter of the cassette tube and installing an additional latch with grooves on the fixing end, eliminating spontaneous release (release) of the rocket when the tank moves over rough terrain. The guides with the slots of the cartridge lifting mechanism are made with a bend in the middle part, ensuring the passage of the cartridges from the rotating conveyor to the loading line.

However, the cartridge that is part of the indicated automatic loader, in the presence of a charging and projectile tubes, can only be used for its intended purpose - to place a shot on the frame of a rotating conveyor located on the bottom of the tank, and to supply a shot to the loading line. In addition, an increase in the diameter of the projectile pipe invariably leads to an increase in the dimensions of the cartridge, thereby necessitating a refinement of the design of the cartridge lifting mechanism, thereby complicating the process of upgrading tanks.

As a prototype for the largest number of essential features, a regular tank cartridge was used, which is used to place a shot of any type on a T-72 tank. (see the book "Tank T-72A. Technical description and operating instructions", book 2, part 1, Moscow, Military publishing house, pp. 107-111, 115-116), containing two pipes welded together. Pipes here have a dual function, firstly they are an element for placing a shot, and secondly, they are guides when sending a shot, located in the opening between the cartridge lifting mechanism and the charging chamber of the gun when sending a shot lifted from the conveyor

carousel type. The charge is placed in the upper tube and is kept from moving by latches and a restrictive sector. The projectile is located in the lower tube. With the ability to accommodate different types of shells, the specified pipe is made of complex configuration and is equipped with a set of latches and a restrictive sector for their fixation and retention. Cassettes are installed in the carousel-type conveyor between the frame brackets and are kept from moving by guide rails. Hooks are welded to the upper pipe, which hold the cassette with the help of a gripper when raising and lowering it.

However, using a standard cassette as a feed-through tray is not possible for the following reasons:

firstly, the passage of a shot or charge from an overloaded automatic loader can be carried out only through the charging tube, because the projectile tube has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the shot or charge, and cannot miss a shot or charge into the charging chamber of the gun;

secondly, during the modernization of the T-72 tank, a transport-loading container with an additional automatic loader can be installed on the rear side of the tower only above the engine-transmission compartment, and a shot or charge removed from the transport-loading container will be located above the standard sending line, and the process of sending guns to the charging chamber should be carried out with a “curved” trajectory. The standard cassette that is brought to the sending line by the lifting mechanism, used as a passage tray, will not provide the necessary trajectory for the shot to go into the breech of the gun and its unhindered passage into the charging chamber.

Based on the foregoing, a through tray for a dual-line automatic loading of a tank gun, a modernized tank, for example a T-72 tank, must meet the following requirements:

- the design of the passage tray should provide the possibility of its installation in a regular conveyor of the carousel type. Moreover, since regular cartridges are installed in the conveyor for placing a shot and there are already places for their fastening, then the specified tray should be able to install similarly to regular places for mounting regular cartridges;

- the passage tray should ensure unhindered passage of a shot from an overloaded loader to the delivery line.

Thus, the disadvantage of the known cartridges is the impossibility of combining the above functions for the location in the conveyor of the carousel type and to ensure the unhindered transition of the shot from an overloaded loader to the charging chamber of the tank gun.

The claimed utility model is based on the task of creating a passage tray for a dual-stream automatic machine for loading a tank gun, which ensures unhindered transition of a shot from an overloaded automatic machine into the charging chamber of a tank gun, while maintaining the dimensions of a standard cartridge for placing a shot.

The technical result achieved in solving this problem is to increase the reliability and safety of the loading process of the tank gun by providing a smooth air line from the mechanism for lifting cartridges to the charging chamber when a shot is fired from an overloaded transport-loading container.

The problem is solved in that in the passage tray for a dual-line automatic loading of a tank gun containing a pipe with a guide, guide bars for fixing in the carousel type conveyor at the points of attachment of standard cartridges and hooks for holding regular cartridges in the lifting mechanism, according to the utility model, the pipe is made in the cross section in the shape of an oval, while maintaining the width of the charge tube of the standard cartridge for placing shots, and is located in the conveyor with the larger axis of the oval in a vertical plane, while m, the guide is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the pipe at an angle that provides a smooth passage of a shot from the magazine of the loaded automatic loading machine into the charging chamber, and vertical grooves are made on the side surfaces of the pipe to ensure the passage of the passage in the carousel type conveyor.

To achieve the best result, the angle of inclination of the guide to the longitudinal axis of the pipe should be between 2 ° -7 °.

In this case, the lower part of the pipe end from the back is made with a conical inlet surface.

In addition, each vertical groove is made with a guide bend, providing unhindered passage of the projectile or charge.

Analysis of the hallmarks showed that:

- the execution of the pipe in the cross section in the form of an oval while maintaining the width of the charging tube of the standard cartridge for placing shots and its location in the conveyor of the carousel type, the larger axis of the oval in the vertical plane, ensures the free passage of the shot or charge through the passage through the charging chamber of the tank gun from the crazy automatic loader, while maintaining the dimensions of the standard cartridge, which allows you to install it and fix it in the conveyor carousel-like cartridge;

- the implementation of the guide with an inclination to the longitudinal axis of the pipe provides a smooth passage of the shot from the store of the loaded automatic loading machine into the charging chamber. The optimal angle of inclination, at which the bow (front) part of the guide will ensure unhindered passage of the shot into the charging chamber of the breech gun, is 2 ° -7 °;

- the implementation on the side surfaces of the pipe vertical slots, provides for the installation of the passage tray in the carousel-type conveyor between the arms of the frame;

- the implementation of the lower part of the pipe end from the back with a conical inlet surface eliminates the "sticking" of the charge when it enters the passage tray.

The first embodiment of the passage tray can be used, as noted earlier, when modernizing the existing T-72 and T-80 tanks, when the transport-loading container is installed above the engine-transmission compartment of the tank, and the delivery line has an inclination in the direction of the charging chamber.

However, it is possible that the passage tray will be used in the design of the newly created tanks, where it is initially possible to provide the trajectory of the dispatch (from the loaded automatic loader) in the form of a straight line. In this case, the task is solved by the fact that in the feed tray for a dual-line automatic loading of the tank gun, containing a pipe with a guide, guide strips for fixing in the carousel type conveyor at the points of attachment of standard cartridges and hooks for holding regular cartridges in the lifting mechanism, according to the utility model , the pipe is made in cross section in the shape of an oval, while maintaining the width of the charging tube of the standard cartridge for placing shots, and is located in the conveyor with the larger axis of the oval in a vertical plane bones, while on the side surfaces

the pipes are made with vertical grooves, which ensure the installation of the passage tray in the carousel-type conveyor.

In the passage tray, as in the first embodiment, the lower part of the pipe end on the rear side is made with a cone-shaped inlet surface, and each vertical groove is made with a guide bend, providing an unhindered passage of the projectile or charge.

The analysis of the distinctive features of the second embodiment of the passage tray showed that the influence of the signs on the achievement of the technical result of the utility model and the cause-effect relationship between the signs and the technical result are similar to those discussed above. The difference from the first option is the ability to perform a guide pipe without tilting to the longitudinal axis of the pipe. As noted, this embodiment of the passage tray is advisable in the case when (when developing a new tank model), the transport-loading container is installed in such a way that the shot removed from it has a horizontal sending line. In this case, a smooth transition of the shot or charge is carried out by installing a feed tray in the mechanism for lifting the cassettes with a bias towards the charging chamber at an angle of sending the shot.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 - passage tray according to the first embodiment, a General view;

figure 2 is a section along aa in figure 1, explaining the implementation of the vertical groove;

figure 3. - the location of the passage tray on the conveyor of the carousel type and in the lifting mechanism of the cassettes;

figure 4 - placement of the feed tray on the carousel-type conveyor between the brackets by means of vertical grooves (axonometric projection);

figure 5 - passage tray according to the second embodiment, a General view. The pass-through tray 1 for a two-line automatic loading system of a tank gun (Figs. 1-3) is made in the form of a pipe 2 with a guide 3. In cross section, the pipe 2 has an oval shape, while maintaining the width of the charge tube of a standard cartridge for placing a shot. The guide 3 is inclined to the longitudinal axis “oo” of the pipe 2 at an angle α, providing a smooth passage of the shot from the store of the loaded automatic loading machine 4 into the charging chamber 5.

Tray 1 is installed in the conveyor 6 of the carousel type instead of one of the cassettes between the brackets 7 (Fig. 4) of the frame 8 and is kept from moving by the guide bars 9 similarly to the standard cassette. The pipe 2 in its lower part, namely, in places directly in contact with the frame 8, is made of the same geometry as the standard cartridge.

On the lateral surfaces of the pipe 2, vertical grooves 10 are made, by means of which the passage tray is arranged in the conveyor between the brackets 7. The edge “a” of the groove 10, located further from the back side “b” of the pipe 2, is bent outward with the formation of a guide bend 11, eliminating the possible sticking a shot into the groove 10 when passing through the pipe 2.

The lower part of the pipe end from the back side “b” is made with a cone-shaped starting surface 12, providing a free entry of the shot.

To the upper part of the pipe 2, hooks 13 are also welded, also similar to the hooks of the standard cartridge, with which the tray 1 is held in the mechanism 14 for lifting the standard cartridges.

The passage tray can also be made from a standard cassette by altering it. For this, the upper charging tube of the cartridge is diametrically divided in two in a horizontal plane. The upper part "in" (figure 1) of the pipe with hooks 13 remains unchanged, maintaining its original position. The lower part “g” of the pipe is lowered down and tilted so that the nose of the guide 3 is directed into the gun’s chamber, while the shot, which is discharged to the pressurization line when loading from the loaded automatic loading machine 4, smoothly passes into the charging chamber 5. Upper and lower parts “C” and “g” are connected by wedge-shaped inserts “d”. The pipe 2 thus formed has an oval cross-section. The shell tube of the cartridge is practically absent, only its lower part is saved with the guide rails 9 necessary for fastening the adapter tray 1 in the frame 8 of the conveyor 6 of the carousel type. On the back side “b” of the tray 1, the lower part of the pipe 2 and the insert “e” are bent outward, with the formation of a cone-shaped entry surface 12. On the side surfaces, grooves 10 with bends 11 are made.

According to the second embodiment of the utility model (see Fig. 5), the passage tray 1 is made, as in the first embodiment, in the form of a pipe 2 with a guide 3 containing hooks 13, guide rails 9, vertical grooves 10 with bends 11 and a conical inlet

surface 12. The difference from the first option is to make the guide 3 parallel to the longitudinal axis "oo" of the pipe 2.

Job

The passage tray is installed in the conveyor 6 of the carousel instead of one of the standard cartridges and is fixed similarly to the cartridge between the brackets 7 (while the brackets 7 are included in the slots 10) and are kept from moving by the guide bars 9.

When loading a tank gun with a shot from an ammunition loading machine 4, the through passage 1 from the conveyor 6 of the carousel type is output to the sending line by the cartridge lifting mechanism 14. In this case, the nose of the guide 3 is oriented to the lower part of the surface of the opening of the charging chamber 5 of the gun. Then, using the dispatch mechanism (not shown in FIG.) Placed in a transport-loading container (not shown in FIG.) From an ambitious loader 4, a shot is sent out (unitary or divided into projectile and charge) through the pipe 2 of the passage tray 1 into charging chamber 5.

When sending a shot from an ambitious loading machine 4 and moving it through the passage tray 1, stable support is provided for a shot on the sending line in the zone between the cartridge lifting mechanism 14 and the tank gun’s charging chamber.

In the second embodiment of the utility model, the process of sending a shot is carried out similarly to the first embodiment. The difference is that the nose of the guide 3, oriented to the lower part of the surface of the opening of the charging chamber 5 of the gun, will be parallel to the longitudinal axis “oo” of the pipe 2, which provides a wider range of placement options for the loaded automatic loader.

Thus, the claimed design of the passage tray for a dual-flow automatic loading machine ensures its placement in the carousel type conveyor in place of the standard cartridge and allows for unhindered passage of a shot from the loaded automatic loading machine into the charging chamber of the tank gun in the area between the cartridge lifting mechanism and the tank gun charging chamber, which and is the solution to the problem when creating a utility model.

Claims (7)

1. A passage tray for a two-line automatic loading system of a tank gun, containing a pipe with a guide, guide rails for fixing in the carousel conveyor at the points of attachment of standard cartridges and hooks for holding regular cartridges in the lifting mechanism, characterized in that the pipe is made in cross section in shape oval, while maintaining the width of the charge tube of the standard cartridge for placing shots, and is located in the conveyor of the carousel type with the greater axis of the oval in the vertical plane, while the guide is inclined and to the longitudinal axis of the pipe at an angle that provides a smooth passage of a shot from the magazine of the loaded automatic loading machine into the gun’s charging chamber, and vertical grooves are made on the side surfaces of the pipe to ensure the passage of the passage in the conveyor. 2. The passage tray according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the pipe at an angle within 2-7 °. 3. The passage tray according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the pipe end from the back is made with a conical inlet surface. 4. The passage tray according to claim 1, characterized in that each vertical groove is made with a guide bend, providing unhindered passage of the projectile or charge. 5. A passage tray for a two-line automatic loading system of a tank gun, containing a pipe with a guide, guide strips for fixing in the carousel conveyor at the points of attachment of standard cartridges and hooks for holding regular cartridges in the lifting mechanism, characterized in that the pipe is made in cross section in the form oval, preserving the width of the charging tube of the standard cartridge for placing shots, while vertical slots are made on the side surfaces of the pipe, ensuring the installation of the passage tray in the conveyor tere carousel. 6. The passage tray according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower part of the pipe end from the back is made with a conical inlet surface. 7. The passage tray according to claim 5, characterized in that each vertical groove is made with a guide bend, providing unhindered passage of the projectile or charge.