RU47092U1 - BULLET FANIS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to ammunition, namely to bullets for smooth-bore hunting rifles. The technical result of the proposed utility model is to simplify the design of the bullet by making it in the form of a monolithic body from one soft material, for example, lead or its alloy, as well as increasing the stability of the flight of the bullet by increasing the speed of its rotation around the axis and shifting the center of gravity from the geometric center towards the head part, as a result of which the accuracy of hitting increases, the penetration and damage ability of the bullet, the rebound decreases. The bullet contains a hollow lead cylindrical body with external helical ribs located at an angle to the longitudinal axis, a monolithic tapering head made integral with the cylindrical body, and a tip coaxially located at the top of the head. The bullet head is made in the form of a rotation paraboloid, the tip has the shape of a cylinder, and the working side surface of the helical ribs is made flat, perpendicular to the surface of the bullet body and tilted to the longitudinal axis of the bullet at an angle (α) equal to or more than 15 °, and the opposite side the surface of these helical ribs is made smoothly convex. The height (H) of the bullet, the height (h) of its cylindrical body and the diameter (D) of the cylindrical body of the bullet have the following relationship: H = h + 0.75 D, and the height (h) of the cylindrical body of the bullet exceeds the depth (n) of its internal cavity .

Description

The utility model relates to ammunition, namely to bullets for smooth-bore hunting rifles.

A well-known bullet for smooth-bore guns (USSR author's certificate No. 1141293, IPC F 42 B 30/00, publ. 1985), comprising a body and a plastic wad stabilizer made with an obturating skirt on the rear end, a turbine on the side surface and a recess on the front end into which the housing is installed.

The disadvantage of this bullet is the low accuracy of the hit, which, during factory tests at the Tula arms factory even at a distance of 45 m from domestic weapons, showed a result equal to an average of 231 mm (V. Klyuchnikov Hunting and hunting. M: 1989, No. 11 , p.22, Table 2), which is caused by uneven deformation of the lead bullet body, wad-stabilizer and the absence of intensive rotation in flight, as well as insignificant, compared with the best foreign models, flight speed and striking ability.

Known bullet for smooth-bore hunting weapons, containing the frontal part and the cylindrical with diagonal guide ribs located on it, as well as the tail part attached to the pool with a screw (RF Patent No. 2070716, IPC F 42 B 30/02, publ. 1995, ) The frontal part of the bullet is made of a rounded streamlined shape, and the cylindrical part in the form of a conical cavity with the possibility of shifting the center of gravity from the geometric center to the frontal part, in addition, a protrusion is formed at the junction of the frontal and cylindrical parts of the bullet, and the tail is attached to the tail of the bullet plastic shutter. The frontal part of the bullet has a diameter of 1.4 mm smaller than the cylindrical, resulting in a protrusion. Due to this protrusion, when the bullet passes through the muzzle narrowing, it will be possible to save the frontal part from deformation. The height of the bullet does not change with all calibers, only its diameter and the number of guide ribs change.

The disadvantage of such a bullet is the large lateral dispersion, which even at a distance of 50 m from a domestic gun is, on average, 158.3 mm in a series of shots, caused by the lack of longitudinal stability of the bullet in flight (the dull front side of the bullet and the absence of its rotation in flight around the longitudinal axis, because the guide ribs are crushed when leaving the trunk).

Known bullet containing a housing that consists of a deformable and tapering forward head with a through axial hole, a sub-caliber cylindrical middle part and a shank of a smaller diameter, a stabilizer with gauge ribs located at an angle to the longitudinal axis, and a wad with an axial hole (RF Patent No. 2094749, IPC F 42 B 30/02, publ. 10/27/1997). The sub-caliber cylindrical middle part of the body and the shank are made as a whole, and at the front end of the middle part of the body there is an axial protrusion with a cylindrical front part, with a diameter of not more than 0.35 diameter of the body, on which the head part is mounted motionlessly and with emphasis on the end face of the middle part of the body . The stabilizer is fitted with an interference fit on the shank and has 5 or 6 gauge ribs, one side surface of which is flat and inclined to the longitudinal axis of the bullet at an angle of 2-4 °, the opposite side surface is smoothly convex and both ends of the ribs are rounded, and the radius of curvature of the rear end of the rib does not exceed the radius of curvature of the front end.

However, such a bullet has a complex and expensive design, consisting of ten detachable parts, requiring special assembly technology. When using a bullet, it is not sufficiently stable in flight due to the placement of the center of gravity close to the geometric center of its body, as well as high drag due to the non-optimal shape of the head and its insufficient rotation in flight around the longitudinal axis, because guide ribs have a small angle of inclination (2-4 °) to the longitudinal axis.

The closest analogue of the utility model (prototype) is the BOGEN hunting bullet containing a lead casing with outer ribs located at an angle to the longitudinal axis, gaskets and wad (USSR copyright certificate No. 403943, class F 42 B 30/02, publ. 1973). Inside the body of the bullet is a steel core loosely mounted on a steel rod,

connecting the body with gaskets and wad. The steel rod has at its front end a wedging conical section and a spherical tip, and the head of the housing is made in the form of an elongated cone.

However, the design of this bullet is difficult to manufacture, because has more than five parts made of different materials. When using the BOGEN bullet, it is not sufficiently stable in flight due to the center of gravity being close to the geometric center of the bullet’s body, and also acquires insufficient axial rotation after firing due to the small angle of inclination of the helical ribs relative to the longitudinal axis of the bullet’s body, and, as a result, low stabilization of its flight, the resistance increases when the bullet moves in the barrel and beyond, and due to this, the accuracy of the hit, the penetration and damage ability of the bullet are reduced, the rebound increases.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to simplify the design of the bullet by making it in the form of a monolithic body from one soft material, for example, lead or its alloy, as well as increasing the stability of the flight of the bullet by increasing the speed of its rotation around the axis and shifting the center of gravity from the geometric center towards the head part, as a result of which the accuracy of hitting increases, the penetration and damage ability of the bullet, the rebound decreases.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the bullet containing a hollow lead cylindrical body with outer screw ribs located at an angle to the longitudinal axis, a monolithic tapering head made integral with the cylindrical body, and a tip coaxially located at the top of the head according to the utility model, the bullet head is made in the form of a paraboloid of revolution, the tip has the shape of a cylinder, and the working side surface of the screw ribs is made flat, perpendicular to the surface of the body of the bullet and is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the bullet at an angle (α) equal to or more than 15 °, and the opposite side surface of these screw ribs is made smoothly convex.

The height (H) of the bullet, the height (h) of its cylindrical body and the diameter (D) of the cylindrical body of the bullet have the following relationship: H = h + 0.75 D, and

the height (h) of the cylindrical body of the bullet exceeds the depth (n) of its inner cavity.

The utility model is illustrated by the following graphic materials. In Fig.1 shows a diagram of the FANIS bullet (view with a cut). Figure 2 shows a fragment of type A.

The bullet comprises a lead cylindrical body 1 with an internal cavity 2 open on one side and external screw ribs 3, for example, in the amount of six pieces, located at an angle (α) to the longitudinal axis, a monolithic tapering part 4 made integral with the cylindrical body 1, and a tip 4 coaxially located at the top of the head part 4. The head part 4 of the bullet is made in the form of a paraboloid of revolution. The tip 5 has the shape of a cylinder, and the working side surface 6 of the screw ribs 3 is made flat, perpendicular to the surface of the bullet body and inclined to the longitudinal axis of the bullet at an angle (α) equal to or more than 15 °, and the opposite side surface 7 of these screw ribs 3 made smoothly convex. The implementation of the bullet head in the form of a paraboloid of rotation reduces its drag to a minimum, and the above-described embodiment of screw ribs 3 does not “cut” the air with the upper face, but radially squeezes the air into the periphery, as a result of which less energy is spent, which contributes to a quick set of the speed of rotation of the bullet . The angle (α) of the inclination of the working lateral surface of the screw ribs equal to or more than 15 ° also increases the speed of rotation of the bullet and its axial stability.

The height (H) of the bullet, the height (h) of its cylindrical body 1 and the diameter (D) of the cylindrical body 1 of the bullet have the following relationship: H = h + 0.75 D, and the height (h) of the cylindrical body 1 of the bullet exceeds the depth (n) its internal cavity 2.

This geometric ratio of the above mentioned parameters of the bullet allows you to shift its center of gravity from the geometric center to the warhead, which also increases the stability of the bullet in flight and reduces the rebound when meeting a target or other obstacle.

The table below shows examples of the characteristics of experimental samples of the FANIS bullet, depending on the caliber of the gun barrel.

Table
Parameters of the FANIS bullet Caliber Diameter of a bullet with ribs, mm D
mm Inner cavity diameter
mm Depth of the internal cavity
mm h
mm H
mm Screw height
ribs Bullet weight, gram 12 18.5 14.0 11.0 12.0 14.0 24.5 2.25 27,2 16 17.0 13.0 10.0 11.0 13.0 22.75 2.00 22.6 twenty 15,5 12.0 9.0 10.0 12.0 21.0 1.75 18.0 28 14.0 11.0 8.0 9.0 11.0 19.25 1,5 14.2 32 12.5 10.0 7.0 8.0 10.0 17.5 1.25 10.8 410 10,4 8.0 5.5 6.0 8.0 14.0 1,2 7.0

Increasing the height of the screw ribs 3 also contributes to a faster set of speed of rotation of the bullet.

The height (h) of the cylindrical body 1 of the bullet exceeds the depth (n) of its inner cavity 2 by 1.5-2.5 mm, which causes more damage to the object (target).

The way to use a bullet is as follows. A gun case is taken with the capsule inserted, powder is poured into it by the standards. A cardboard strip with a thickness of 1 mm and a felt wad are placed on the gunpowder, after which the bullet itself is driven into the sleeve. The bullet-loaded cartridge is ready for use. A shot is being fired. Under pressure from powder gases, a felt wad pushes a bullet. Felt wad under pressure, expanding, wipes the trunk from the remnants of lead left by the bullet. A cardboard pad restrains the pressure of the felt wad, protecting the rear end of the bullet from deformation.

In this case, the bullet begins with sharp acceleration to move along the channel of the sleeve and barrel of the gun. As mentioned above, the implementation of the head part 4 of the bullet in the form of a paraboloid of rotation minimizes its drag. Moreover, at the moment a bullet exits the barrel and separates from its muzzle part, the combustion products of gunpowder overtake the bullet and exert pressure on the ribs 3 of the bullet body, which are designed so that circulation of the flow of combustion products creates increased pressure from the side of the plane surface 6 of each screw rib 3 and from the side of the curved surface 7 there is reduced pressure, as a result of which there is a rotation force that acts equally on each rib 3 and causes the bullet to rotate around its longitudinal axis. The angle (α) of the inclination of the working side surface of 6 screw ribs equal to or more than 15 ° also increases the speed of rotation of the bullet and its axial stability.

Next, the bullet, intensively rotating from various air pressure pressures onto the flat 6 and curved 7 side surfaces of the ribs 3 of the bullet body, flies to the target. When firing from a conventional smoothbore gun, such a bullet can reach speeds of more than 470 m / s, and from a gun of the Magnum type more than 570 m / s. When a bullet hits an obstacle with its front side, even if it is located at some angle to the flight path, the cylindrical tip 5 in the bullet head 4 penetrates into it first, increasing the penetration ability and helping to reduce the rebound. After that, the head part 4 penetrates into the obstacle, which, from impact, flattens between its front and rear sides and expands to the sides, thereby increasing the bullet's striking ability.

The height of the screw ribs 3 is chosen such that it contributes to the maximum use of the energy of rotation of the bullet when the target is hit (with a decrease in its translational speed), which is aimed at destroying the tissues and bones of the animal, causing painful paralysis of the animal. The height (h) of the cylindrical body 1 of the bullet exceeds the depth (n) of its internal cavity 2 by 1.5-2.5 mm, which ensures that when the end face of the screw rib meets the solid body, the latter (end face) is completely crushed and only then rib 3 is pressed into inner cavity 2, because the collapse of the end face of the screw ribs 3 requires more energy than pressing it into the inner cavity of the cylindrical body 1 of the bullet. Such a constructive solution to the bullet also inflicts more severe destruction on the object.

Claims (4)

1. A bullet containing a hollow lead cylindrical body with outer screw ribs located at an angle to the longitudinal axis, a monolithic tapering head made integral with the cylindrical body, and a tip coaxially located at the top of the head, characterized in that the bullet head in the form of a paraboloid of revolution, the tip has the shape of a cylinder, and the working side surface of the screw ribs is made flat and is located perpendicular to the surface of the bullet’s body, and the opposite side the surface of these helical ribs is made smoothly convex. 2. The bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the working side surface of the helical ribs is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the bullet at an angle (α) of 15 °. 3. The bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the height (H) of the bullet, the height (h) of its cylindrical body and the diameter (D) of the cylindrical body of the bullet have the following dependence H = h + 0.75 D. 4. The bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the height (h) of the cylindrical body of the bullet exceeds the depth (n) of its inner cavity.