RU46055U1 - WATER RING MACHINE - Google Patents

Abstract

This utility model relates to hydraulic displacement machines with rotating or oscillating working bodies, namely, rotary machines, rotary pumps and liquid ring compressors. Water ring machines (vacuum pumps type BBH1-1,5, BBH1-3, BBH1-6, BBH1-I2 and vacuum compressors type VK-1,5M1, VK-3M1, VK-6M1, VK-12M1 are designed to create a vacuum (vacuum pumps) or small overpressure (compressors) in closed devices. Liquid ring machines are made of gray cast irons and steel of ordinary grades and can operate in air and water or in gases, vapors and liquids that are not aggressive to the specified materials. aggressive gases are designed for vacuum pumps of the brands VVN-3N and ZhVN-12N, in which all parts in contact with the work gas, made of stainless steel grade 12X18H9T. Water ring machines do not require cleaning of the gas entering them, and also allow liquids to enter the machine along with the suction gas. The vacuum pump and compressor include: Complete ring pump and electric motor mounted on horizontal plate, the shafts of which are connected by an elastic coupling closed by a protective casing; a water separator mounted on the flange of the discharge pipe of the machine. Type of vacuum pumps and compressors - single-ring liquid ring, horizontal with axial direction of gas through the suction and discharge windows. Technical characteristics of a standard number of vacuum pumps at a suction pressure of 0.04 MPa:

amount of water supplied to the pump from 5 to 40 l / min innings from 1.57 to 12.20 m ³ / min power consumption from 2.80 to 21.00 kW

weight from 134 to 1040 kg

Technical characteristics of a standard number of compressors at a discharge pressure of 0.15 MPa:

amount of water supplied to the compressor from 5 to 30 l / min innings from 1.5 to 12.0 m ³ / min power consumption from 3 to 21.6 kW weight from 135 to 1130 kg electric motor power from 5.5 to 45 kW

Liquid ring machines are intended for use in the chemical, food, pulp and paper, oil, gas and other industries.

Description

Technical field

This technical solution relates to hydraulic displacement machines with rotating or oscillating working bodies, namely, to rotary pumps and compressors with a liquid ring.

State of the art

An analogue of this technical solution is a LIQUID-RING MACHINE (patent for invention of the Russian Federation No. 2062359 RU, application 5056006/06 of 1992.05.07, IPC F 04 C 19/00, publication date 1996.06.20). The liquid ring machine comprises a housing with discharge and suction windows, a working fluid supply channel, impellers mounted on a shaft symmetrically with respect to the housing resting on bearings, end caps located eccentrically with respect to the impellers; the bearings are located in the housing and have channels for the passage of the working fluid supplied to the cavity between the bearings, and the drive is connected to the shaft through an elastic element located in the shaft cavity.

A disadvantage of the known product is the large overall dimensions, the intensity of the product and its lack of reliability.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed technical solution is a LIQUID-RING MACHINE (patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 20144412 RU, application 95119542/06 dated 1995.11.16, IPC F 04 C 19/00, publication date 1998.02.10), in which mating portions of the end surfaces of the wheel hub and the end surfaces of the end caps in front of the suction windows are profiled on a conical surface; angle between

profiled surfaces and a cavity of the suction windows is selected from a range from 0 ° to 90 °.

The disadvantage of the prototype is its large metal consumption, significant overall dimensions and low reliability.

The essence of the technical solution

Famous water ring machines of the type VVN1-1.5, VVN1-3, VVN1-6, VVN1-12, VVN-3N, ZhVN-12N (pumps) and VK-1,5M1, VK-3M1, VK-6M1, VK-12M1 (compressors) comprise a pump (compressor) casing, an electric motor, a water separator and a foundation frame made in the form of a three-dimensional structure with a horizontal-axial arrangement and axial direction of the gas.

The purpose of creating this utility model is to reduce the metal consumption, reduce the overall dimensions, increase the reliability of the product and improve its appearance.

To achieve this, the vacuum pump (compressor) is made in the form of a cylindrical housing with an impeller placed eccentrically inside the blades, two end caps-sides (left and right), bearing housings, in which the bearings are located, bearing the shaft, one of them from the side the drive is free, and the other is fixed on the shaft with a nut, the outer race of the bearing is pressed by a cover through the distance ring, the gaps between the shaft and the bearing housings are sealed with felt rings, there is an opening for water water, through the channels in the sides and in the lower part of the body, water is supplied to the chambers of the hydraulic locks, air (gas) is sucked through the side pipe of the body, the compressed air (gas) in the machine through the discharge windows enters the cavity of the side walls, of which through the channels into the discharge pipe, and then into the water separator attached to it.

In liquid ring machines of the VVN1-3 and VK-3M1 type, water is supplied to the middle part of the housing channel.

The base frame is made in the form of a rectangular structure with platforms for attaching the body and electric motor and ears at the ends for fixing the sling cable when lifting the installation.

List of drawings

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a water ring machine.

Figure 2 shows a section of a water ring machine (vacuum pump and compressor of a standard size series).

Figure 3 shows a General view of the size range of the vacuum pump.

Figure 4 shows a General view of the size range of the compressor.

Figure 5 shows a section of a vacuum pump type BBHl-1,5 and compressor VK-1,5M1.

Figure 6 is a drawing of a General view of the pump vacuum liquid ring type BBH1-1,5.

Figure 7 shows a drawing of a General view of a compressor of the ring type VK-1,5M1.

On Fig shows a section of a vacuum pump type VVN-3H.

Figure 9 shows a General view of the vacuum pump type BBH-3H.

Figure 10 shows a section of a vacuum pump type ZhVN-12N.

Figure 11 shows a General view of a vacuum pump type ZhVN-12N.

On Fig shows a section of a water separator of vacuum pumps.

In Fig.13 shows the appearance of a liquid ring vacuum pump.

On Fig shows the appearance of the liquid ring compressor.

In Fig. 1 are indicated: 1 - a cylindrical body, 2 - an impeller with blades, 3 - a suction window in the end cover of the machine body, 4 - a rotating water ring, 5 - discharge window.

In figure 2 are indicated: 6 - axle box, 7 - sealing felt rings, 8 - bearing shaft, 9 - end cover-lobovina (hereinafter referred to as the lobovina) left, 10 - case, 11 - wheel, 12 - gasket, 13 - end cover- right side wall, 14 - bearing housing, 15 - spacer ring, 16 - nut, 17 - cover.

Figure 5 marked: 18 - end cap-lobovina, 19 - gaskets, 20 - cylinder, 21 - studs, 22 - flashlight, 23 - impeller, 24 - axle boxes, 25 - through holes.

In Fig. 8 are indicated: 26 - shaft, 27 - oil seals, 28 - suction pipe, 29 - left sidewall, 30 - cylinder, 31 - impeller, 32 - cylindrical hub, 33 - right sidewall, 34 - discharge pipe, 35 - bearing shell.

In figure 10 are indicated: 36 - left sidewall, 37 - impeller, 38 - cylinder, 39 - right sidewall, 40 - pipe, 41 - pipeline. 42 - bearing housing, 43 - shaft, 44 - axle box

On Fig indicated: 45 - flange, 46 - pipe, 47 - hole, 48 - flashlight, 49 - reflector, 50 - rib, 51 - tube.

Utility Model Implementation Example

Appointment

Liquid ring machines are designed to create a vacuum (vacuum pumps) or small excess pressure (compressors) in closed devices.

Vacuum pumps are marked as follows:

BBH1-1.5; BBH1-3; BBH1-6; BBH1-12.

Compressors are labeled as follows:

VK-1,5M1; VK-3M1; VK-6M1; VK-12M1.

Liquid ring machines are made of gray cast iron and steel of ordinary grades and can operate in air and water or on gases, vapors and liquids that are not aggressive to the specified materials.

Vacuum pumps of the VVN-3N and ZhVN-12N brands are designed to operate on aggressive gases, in which all parts in contact with the working gas are made of 12X18H9T stainless steel.

Water ring machines do not require cleaning the gas entering them, and also allow liquids to enter the machine together with the sucked gas.

Liquid ring machines are intended for use in the chemical, food, pulp and paper, oil, gas and other industries.

Technical details

Type of vacuum pumps and compressors - single-ring liquid ring, horizontal with axial direction of gas through the suction and discharge windows.

The nominal supply of vacuum pumps at a suction pressure of 0.04 MPa (60% of vacuum from barometric pressure) and the power consumed by them, as well as the pump weights are given in Table 1, moreover, the data indicated in the table are achieved when water is supplied with a temperature not exceeding 15 ° C, and atmospheric pressure at the outlet of air (gas) from the pumps.

Table 1 Brand of vacuum pump The amount of water supplied to the pump, l / min Delivery, m ³ / min Power consumption kW Weight kg BBH1-1.5 5 1,57 2.80 134 VVN1-3 7 3.33 5.16 280 BBHI-6 eleven 6.20 9.60 580 BBHI-12 23 12,20 18.60 890 BBH-3H 12 3.40 5.30 380 ZhVN-12N 40 10.80 21.00 1040

Nominal compressor supplies at a discharge pressure of 0.15 MPa (1.5 kgf / cm ² ) and the power consumed by them, as well as the mass of the compressors are shown in Table 2, moreover, the data indicated in the table are achieved when water is supplied with a temperature not exceeding 15 ° C, and atmospheric pressure at the inlet of air (gas) to the compressor.

table 2 Compressor brand The amount of water supplied to the compressor, l / min Delivery, m ³ / min Power consumption kW Weight kg VK-1,5M1 5 1.5 3.0 135 VK-3M1 8 3.05 5.5 395 VK-6M1 eighteen 6.2 11.4 670 VK-12M1 thirty 12.0 21.6 1130

The machine is driven by an electric motor with the power and speed indicated in Table 3.

Table 3 Car make Electric motor power, kW Rotation frequency, min ^-1 BBH1-1.5 5.5 1500 VVN1-3 7.5 1500 VVN-3N 7.5 1500 BBH1-6 fifteen 1500 VVN1-12 thirty 1000 ZhVN-12N 22 1000 BK-I, 5M1 5.5 1500 BK-3M1 eleven 1500 BK-6M1 18.5 1500 BK-12M1 45 1000

Composition of vacuum pumps and compressors

The composition of the vacuum pump and compressor includes:

Complete ring-mounted machine and electric motor mounted on a horizontal plate, the shafts of which are connected by an elastic coupling closed by a protective casing;

water separator, which is installed on the flange of the discharge pipe of the machine.

Device and work

Figure 1 shows a schematic illustration of a water ring machine. In the cylindrical body 1, an impeller 2 with blades is eccentrically located, which, when the wheel rotates, discards water to the walls of the body, forming a rotating water ring 4.

The crescent-shaped space between the water ring and the impeller hub is the displacement of the machine.

At the top, the inner surface of the water ring touches the wheel hub and prevents air from flowing from the discharge side to the suction side.

During the first half-turn of the wheel in the direction of the arrow, the inner surface of the water ring gradually moves away from the hub, and a free volume is formed between the wheel blades, which is filled with air from the suction nozzle of the machine through the suction window 3 in the end cover of the machine body.

During the second half-revolution of the wheel, the inner surface of the water ring approaches the hub, while the air located between the blades is first compressed, and then forced out through the discharge window 5 into the discharge nozzle of the machine.

Thus, in liquid ring machines, the movement of air from the suction pipe to the discharge takes place continuously and evenly.

The design of the vacuum pumps VVN1-3, VVN1-6 and VVN1-12 and the VK-3M1, VK-6M1, VK-12M1 compressors is the same, they are a series of sizes.

Figure 2 shows a water ring machine (vacuum pump, compressor) in section. The liquid-ring machine consists of a housing 10 (cylinder), two end caps-lobovin, left 9 and right 13 (hereinafter referred to as lobovin), bearing housings 14, in which the bearings are located, bearing the shaft 8. On the shaft, eccentrically located in the housing, mounted on dowels wheel 11.

The shaft rotates in two bearings: one of them, on the drive side, is not fixed, and the other is fixed to the shaft with a nut 16, and the outer race is pressed by the cover 17 through the distance ring 15 to the bearing housing 14. Thus, the impeller is fixed in the housing. The thickness of the distance ring 15 is selected such that the gaps between the ends of the wheel and the ends of the left and right sidewalls are the same. These gaps, which determine the loss in the machine from the flow of air from the discharge side to the suction side, are established by means of gaskets 12 between the body and the sides, and make up for ring machines:

VVSh-1.5; BBH1-3; VVN-3N; VK-3M1; VK-1,5M1 - 0.15-0.25 mm BBH1-6; VK-6M1 - 0.25-0.3 mm BBH1-12; BK-12M1; ZhVN-12N - 0.3-0.5 mm

The clearances between the shaft and the bearing housings are sealed with felt rings 7.

In the lower part of the right side wall 13 there is an opening for supplying water from the water supply to the machine. Through the channels in the sides and in the lower part of the housing 10, water is supplied to the chambers of the hydraulic locks.

At the VVN1-3 vacuum pumps and VK-3M1 compressors, water from the water supply is not supplied to the right side wall, but to the middle part of the channel of the housing 10.

From the chambers, water enters the housing to the wheel hub, from where, under the action of centrifugal force, it flows along the end planes, compacting the gap between the wheel and the foreheads and feeding the water ring.

Partially, water from the chambers passes through the seals, cools them and at the same time creates a seal. Therefore, the seals cannot be tightened strongly. It is necessary that the seals pass water in the form of a thin stream or drops. The seals are located in the central bores of the foreheads. The gland is soft cotton, salted packing. The packing is sealed by periodically pressing the axle box 6.

Air (gas) is sucked through the side pipe of the body and through its channels enters the cavity of the left and right foreheads. From the cavities of the lobos, air (gas) through the suction windows fills the interscapular spaces of the impeller.

Compressed air (gas) in the machine through the discharge windows enters the cavity of the frontal part, and from them through the channels to its discharge pipe, and then to the water separator attached to it.

All parts of the pumps and compressors themselves of the same flow (3.6 and 12 m ³ / min) are the same. Only their foreheads have differences in the number and arrangement of openings under the discharge windows.

Design features of the BBH1-1.5 vacuum pump and BK-1,5M1 compressor

The cantilever ring machine (BBH1-1.5 vacuum pumps and VK-1.5M1 compressor) is mounted on the shaft and motor flange, and the motor itself is mounted on a foundation plate.

5, the machine is shown in section. The machine consists of a cylinder 20, an end cap-lobovina 18 (hereinafter referred to as the lobovina) and a lamp 22, through which the cylinder is attached to the motor flange eccentrically relative to its shaft.

The hollow and cylinder with the help of pins 21 are attached to the flange of the lamp 22. The impeller 23 is mounted on the motor shaft 23. The wheel hub in the lamp 22 is sealed with a stuffing box made of cotton. The compression of the packing is performed using axlebox 24.

The gap between the ends of the forehead and the impeller, which determines the losses in the machine from the flow of air (gas) from the discharge side to the suction side, is established by means of a set of gaskets 19 between the forehead and the cylinder and should be in the range 0.15-0.25 mm. In the center of the forehead there is a through hole with a pipe thread. 1/2 "for supplying water from the pipeline. When the machine is running, water flows and fills the gap between the ends of the wheel and the front and feeds the water ring, and also passes through two through holes 25 drilled in the wheel hub to the oil seal, cools it and creates a hydraulic gate.

The cavity of the forehead is divided by a partition into two cavities - suction and discharge.

Air (gas) is sucked through a nozzle located on the side of the forehead and enters the cavity of the forehead, and then through the window in the end plane of the forehead fills the interscapular space of the impeller.

Compressed air (gas) in the machine through the discharge window in the end plane of the forehead enters the cavity of the forehead, from where it is pumped into the nozzle located in the upper part of the forehead, and then into the water separator attached to it.

All parts of the pump and compressor are the same, only in the compressor’s front side under the discharge window there are four through holes.

Design features of the VVN-3N vacuum pump

On Fig shows a pump in section. The hollows are steel castings, the left sidewall 29 has one cavity and one suction window on the end plane, and the right 33 one cavity and one injection window. An impeller 31 is eccentrically located in the cylinder 30, the blades of which are welded to the cylindrical hub 32.

The hollows, cylinder and impeller are made of steel grade 12X18H9T, shaft 26 - of steel 14X17H2.

Water is supplied to the pipe threaded hole. 3/8 ", available in the upper part of the flange of the right (discharge) forehead 33, from where it passes through the channels to the impeller hub and seals 27.

Air (gas) is sucked in through the pipe 28, located in the upper part of the left forehead 29, and the cavity of this forehead enters, and then through the window fills the interscapular spaces of the impeller.

Compressed air (gas) in the pump through the discharge window enters the cavity of the right forehead 33, from where it is pumped into the pipe 34, and then into the water separator attached to it.

Figure 9 shows the installation of the pump with all basic, overall and mounting dimensions.

Design features of the ZhVN-12N vacuum pump

Figure 10 shows the pump in the context, In contrast to the BBH-3H, this pump has two cavities in the left 36 and 39 right sides, communicating with their nozzles, and two windows, suction and discharge. The suction nozzles of the left and right sidewalls are interconnected by a pipe 40, in the middle part of which there is an outlet with a flange for connecting the suction line to it.

Lobovin discharge pipes are also connected by a pipe to a branch, on the flange of which a water separator is installed.

Water is supplied through a pipeline 41 and through channels in the foreheads to the impeller hub 37 and to the seals.

The hollows, impeller, cylinder 38 and both connecting pipes are made of steel grade 12X18H9T.

In Fig.11 shows the installation of the pump with all the main overall and mounting dimensions.

BBH1-1.5 vacuum pump water separator design: BBH1-3, BBH1-6, BBH1-12, BBH-3H and ZhVN-12N

Since the air (gas) exiting the pump discharge pipe emits water, moreover, in almost the amount that came into the pump from the water supply, a water separator is installed on the pipe to separate water from the air (gas), collect it and remove it.

The design of the water separators of all vacuum pumps is the same, they differ only in size.

12 shows a section through a water separator.

The water separator is a vertical cylindrical tank. A segment of pipe 46 is welded in the center of the bottom of the tank, to the lower end of which a flange 45 is welded, which serves to fasten it to the flange of the pump discharge pipe, and three ribs 50 are welded to the upper end, to which the lamp 48 is welded.

In the upper lid of the tank there is an opening equipped with a reflector 49.

In the lower part of the shell, a tube 51 is welded to drain water into the sewer.

Air (gas) along with the waste water passes through a pipe 46 to a lantern 48, which changes the direction of movement of air (gas) and water by 180 °. Water is separated from the air and flows into the lower part of the tank, and air (gas) through the reflector 49 enters the room. If the exit of air (gas) into the room is unacceptable, then it is possible to cut off the reflector and weld a pipe in its place for attaching a pipe to it to discharge air (gas) outside the room.

When the pump stops, the water remaining in the water separator is discharged through the opening 47 in the pipe 46 into the cavity of the forehead.

Design of water separators for compressors BK-1,5M1, VK-3M1, VK-6M1, VK-12M1

The design of water separators for all types of compressors is the same, they differ only in size.

In contrast to the vacuum pump water separators, the compressor water separator for maintaining in it: the overpressure has an additional float type water level regulator, the operation of which is controlled by a water indicating device (see figure 4).

If the level regulator for some reason did not work, then this will be detected by the rise of water in the water indicator or vice versa by its decrease, in this case, the water will flow out of the water separator along with the air at the drain. To eliminate these violations, it is necessary to open the water separator hatch and eliminate the malfunction.

In the upper part of the compressor water separator has a pipe for connecting to the discharge line.

Installation procedure

The vacuum pump and compressor have good balance, so the foundation of the machine is a concrete pad with dimensions in the plan 200-300 mm larger than the dimensions of the foundation plates and about 500-600 mm in height.

Installation of installations is carried out according to installation drawings (see Fig. 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11).

To ensure horizontal installation, the plate is installed on the foundation in accordance with the level (reference plane - discharge pipe flange).

The axis of the shafts of the machine and the motor must match, for which alignment should be made. The degree of alignment accuracy is considered sufficient if, during rotation of the motor shaft, the inner surfaces of the coupling half on the motor do not touch the coupling half on the pump, and the nuts that secure the machine and the motor to the plate must be tightened to failure. After installing the rubber fingers in the coupling, manually rotate the shaft by the coupling. It should crank with almost the same effort as before connecting to an electric motor, the same throughout a revolution.

After installing the plate on the foundation and fixing it, it is necessary to check the correct alignment of the machine with the electric motor and, if it is broken, then carefully align it again.

Flanged pipe connections must be reliably sealed with gaskets, in particular this applies to suction pipes of vacuum pumps, where the slightest leakage of the connections eliminates the possibility of obtaining the required vacuum.

In installations for creating pressure, the suction pipe is connected to the suction pipe of the compressor, the discharge line to the outlet pipe of the water separator.

At all installations on the suction pipe, a shut-off valve or non-return valve must be installed directly in front of the machine, which prevents water from escaping into the suction pipe when the machine stops.

This valve, as well as other valves installed on the suction line or directly on the devices connected to it, must have tight spindle seals. In the case of valves with the usual soft packing, they must be equipped with caps.

In installations for creating pressure, if the compressor line must remain under pressure when the compressor stops, a valve must also be installed after the water separator.

To carry out adjustment over a wide range, the suction and discharge pipelines can be connected by a bypass pipe with a valve installed on it.

Operating procedure

The start-up of the vacuum pump and compressor is carried out in the following order:

- close the valve on the suction pipe;

- open the valve on the discharge pipe (for compressor);

- start the electric motor;

- open the valve on the water supply pipe;

- open the valve on the suction pipe.

After this, it is necessary to adjust the water supply by the valve so that the desired operation process is carried out.

The stop is performed in the following order:

- close the water supply valve;

- close the valve on the suction pipe;

- close the valve on the discharge pipe;

- stop the electric motor.

The water used for the operation of the machine must not contain suspended particles in an amount of more than 25 mg / l, water hardness not higher than 3 mg equiv / l. The water pressure at the inlet to the machine must exceed the discharge pressure by at least 0.3 kgf / cm ² .

The use of hard water causes scale formation on the working parts, as a result of which the gaps between the moving and stationary parts are reduced, the friction between them increases, and the power consumption sharply increases, which can cause an accident of the electric motor or the machine itself.

Operation of the machine without water is not allowed.

The amount of water entering the machine affects its supply and power consumption.

With a lack of water, the water ring moves away from the wheel hub and does not completely displace all gas from the space between the blades into the discharge window. The remaining gas, moving into the suction cavity, expands in it, reducing the flow of the machine.

With excess water, part of the gas space is filled with water, which causes a significant increase in power consumption and a decrease in supply.

Industrial applicability

This utility model is industrially feasible, uses components manufactured by the industry for electrical products and materials, has wider functionality and applications.

Claims (3)

1. A water ring machine containing a housing, an electric motor, a water separator and a base frame made in the form of a three-dimensional structure with a horizontal-axial arrangement, characterized in that the water ring machine is made in the form of a cylindrical body with an impeller located eccentrically inside the blade, two end caps - lobovin (left and right), the presence of bearing housings, in which the bearings are located, bearing the shaft, one of them is free from the drive side, and the other is fixed to the shaft with a nut, the outer bearing race and pressed by a cover through a distance ring, the gaps between the shaft and the bearing housings are sealed with felt rings, there is a hole for supplying water in the lower part of the right side wall, channels in the sides and in the lower part of the body are connected to the hydraulic lock chamber, the side pipe of the housing has a suction hole air or gas, the channel for compressed air (gas) is formed by discharge windows, hollow cavities, channels of the discharge pipe and the water separator attached to it. 2. The water ring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that in the middle part of the housing there is a pipe connection for supplying water. 3. The water ring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the base frame is made in the form of a rectangular structure with platforms for attaching the housing and electric motor and ears at the ends to fix the sling cable when lifting the installation.