RU2195582C2 - Vacuum guided-vane rotary pump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: pump has cylindrical housing with end face covers and rotor with guide vanes fitted on shaft eccentrically relative to housing. Guide vanes are fitted in radial slots of rotor. Water is used as working liquid. All clearances in pump joints are sealed by water during operating cycle. Two relatively perpendicular interconnected spaces are made inside pump is one of pump covers to provide continuous delivery of fresh water from water source and circulation of water inside pump during its operation. One of spaces is square to axis of rotation of rotor and is placed in communication with one of ring end face grooves of rotor and radial slots of rotor by bypass channel. Adjusting screw is installed in first space, and end of water supply nipple, in second space. Use of water as working liquid makes it possible to seal clearances in pump joints from inside. Layer of water on inner surfaces is very thin, and displacement of water to outlet branch pipe does not require heavy efforts, i.e. consumption of power is insignificant. EFFECT: reduced power consumption. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to vacuum equipment, and in particular to structures of mechanical vacuum rotary vane pumps, and can be used in the food industry.

 Currently, to obtain a vacuum with a low speed of action, volumetric mechanical rotary vane vacuum pumps are used, operating in an oil bath, which provides sealing of the pump joints and the removal of friction losses. During the operation of such a pump, due to the high temperature and contact of the oil with metals and gases, destruction and partial decomposition of its macromolecules can occur. The more volatile fractions formed in this process migrate intensively to the pumped volume and to the environment, polluting them. To limit these phenomena, special service equipment is used, which, if necessary, is supplied with pumps: traps, desiccants, leakages, condensers, filters, seals, gas ballast devices; low friction materials are used.

 The use of the above in pumps entails additional costs, not excluding pollution of the pumped volume and the environment, which is especially unacceptable when using vacuum rotary vane pumps with oil seals in the food industry.

 Known liquid-ring volumetric vacuum pump, which has an eccentrically located impeller in a cylindrical housing with fixed blades. The working fluid located inside the housing - water during rotation under the action of centrifugal forces, is pressed against the walls of the housing and forms a liquid ring. Separate cells of unequal size are formed between the liquid ring and the pump blades. Initially, their volume increases, and gas through the suction hole in the end cap enters the pump. Then the volume of the cells is reduced, and the compressed gas through the exhaust outlet is removed from the pump. Fresh water flows continuously into the pump and, passing through it, is carried away by the gas stream. (Rozanov L.N. Vacuum technology: A textbook for universities on a specialty "Vacuum technology". 2nd ed., Revised and supplemented. M: Higher school. 1990. - P. 87-88, Fig. 4.9).

 The well-known pump is quite simple in design, can work without valves and switchgears, which is why it is resistant to clogging, the water in the pump performs a number of functions: it seals the end gaps, cools and lubricates the seals.

 The disadvantage of this pump is the high power consumption spent not only on the compression and movement of gas, but also on the rotation of the liquid ring.

 A known vacuum rotary vane pump, selected as a prototype, comprising a cylindrical housing with end caps, with inlet and outlet nozzles, an eccentric rotor housing located on the shaft, includes a rotor located in radial grooves, and the gaps between the pump connections are sealed with a working fluid - fog vacuum oil, and the working plates are made of a material with a low coefficient of friction (SU 1800114 A1, 03/07/1993, F 04 C 2/344).

 The disadvantage of the prototype presented is the pollution of the pumped volume and the environment with volatile oil fractions and additional costs (oil, bath, valve).

 The objective of the invention is the creation for the food industry of an environmentally friendly rotary vane vacuum pump while maintaining the characteristics.

 To achieve this technical result, in a vacuum rotary vane pump containing a cylindrical housing with end caps, with inlet and outlet nozzles, an eccentric rotor housing located on the shaft, including a rotor located in radial grooves, and the gaps between the pump connections are sealed with a working fluid, which is water, the gaps between the connections inside the pump are sealed with water, and the ends are made in the rotor for supplying water to the pump and its continuous circulation during the duty cycle annular grooves, in one of the end covers of the housing there are two mutually perpendicular interconnected cavities, the first cavity being perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, connected by a bypass channel to one of the annular grooves of the rotor and an adjustment screw is installed in it, and the end of the nipple is placed in the second cavity water supply from the source. Working plates are made of material with a low coefficient of friction.

 Distinctive features of the invention is the use of water as a working fluid in a vacuum rotary vane pump, for the continuous supply of which inside the pump in order to seal the gaps in the pump connections from the inside, a number of structural elements are made: two mutually perpendicular, interconnected, are located in one of the end caps of the housing cavity, and the first cavity is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, connected bypass channel to one of the annular grooves of the rotor and it is set bolt, and in the second cavity the end of the nipple is placed to supply water from the source. Due to this design, the layer of sealing fluid on the inner walls of the housing is quite thin, moving this layer to the outlet pipe together with gas does not entail a large consumption of specific power, there is no pollution of the pumped volume and the environment, eliminating the need for valves, oil baths and the oil itself.

 The manufacture of working plates from a material with a low coefficient of friction reduces the friction of these plates against the walls of the housing to a minimum.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:
figure 1 is a General view of the pump in section;
figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1.

 The vacuum rotary vane pump contains a cylindrical housing 1, closed at the ends by end caps 2 and 3, having an inlet pipe 4 connected to the pumped volume (not shown).

 A rotor 5 is eccentrically mounted in the housing 1, in the radial grooves 6 of which are installed working plates 7 made of a material with a low coefficient of friction, for example, PCB, the rotor shaft 5 8 is placed in bearings 9 and 10 installed in the holes of the end caps, respectively 2 and 3.

 The bearings 9 and 10 are pressed to the caps 2 and 3 by the pressure caps 11 and 12, respectively, and sealed on the side of the housing 1 by rubber cups 13 and 14. The caps 2 and 3 are sealed with the housing 1 by rubber ring gaskets 15 and 16. Rotation of the rotor shaft 8 during operation, receives from an electric motor through a pulley with a V-belt drive (not shown).

 In the end cover 3 there are two mutually perpendicular interconnected cavities 17 and 18, and the cavity 17 is made perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor 5. An adjustment screw 19 is installed in the cavity 17, and an end of the nipple 20 is placed in the cavity 18 with a hose connected to it water source (not shown). In the rotor 5, end annular grooves 21 are made for supplying water to the pump and its continuous circulation during the duty cycle.

 The pump is as follows.

 Before starting the pump, water from the network enters through the nipple 20 in the cavity 18, 17 and then into the radial grooves 6 of the rotor 5. When the pump is turned on, rotation from the drive (not shown) is transmitted to the shaft 8 of the rotor 5, and water from the cavity 17 moves through the radial grooves 6 on the working plates 7. Under the action of centrifugal force, the water is discarded by the working plates 7 to the inner walls of the housing 1, forming a thin layer on them and filling all the gaps between the pump connections. The water supply to the pump is regulated by the adjusting screw 19. During the operation of the pump, fresh water enters the pump constantly and, passing through it, is carried away by the gas flow through the outlet pipe 22. When the rotor 5 rotates, the plates 7 are pressed against the walls of the housing 1, providing a change in the volume of the working chamber 23, formed by the surfaces of the housing 1, the rotor 5 and the plates 7.

 At the beginning of the cycle, the volume of the chamber 23 increases to the maximum value (at the end of the suction process), then decreases, providing the process of gas compression to the corresponding discharge pressure. The gas is exhausted together with the used water through the outlet pipe 22, and the gas enters the working chamber 23 from the pumped volume (not shown) through the inlet pipe 4. Four cycles are performed in one revolution of the rotor 5.

Claims (1)

 A vacuum rotary vane pump containing a cylindrical housing with end caps, with inlet and outlet nozzles, an eccentric rotor housing located on the shaft, including rotor plates located in radial grooves, the gaps between the pump connections being sealed with a working fluid, characterized in that the working fluid is water, water, the gaps between the connections inside the pump are sealed, and for the supply of water to the pump and its continuous circulation during the duty cycle, end ring proto hinges, in one of the end covers of the housing there are two mutually perpendicular interconnected cavities, the first cavity perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, connected by a bypass channel to one of the annular grooves of the rotor and an adjustment screw is installed in it, and the end of the nipple for feeding is placed in the second cavity water from the source.

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