RU45955U1 - TOOL FOR FRICTION WELDING WITH MIXING OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to tools for friction welding with stirring aluminum alloys. The essence of the claimed utility model is that the tool for welding aluminum alloys by friction with stirring is made integral. The tool consists of a holder and an executive unit. The holder has a Morse taper at one end for securing the tool in the mines of the milling machine. At the opposite end of the holder, a cylindrical channel is made along its axis. An executive unit is installed in this channel. The actuator unit, consisting of a shoulder and a pin, is fixed in the holder with a locking screw and a pin.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of welding aluminum alloys, and more specifically, to equipment for friction welding with stirring.

A known method of friction welding with stirring aluminum alloys, based on the use of a special tool (UK patent No. 2306366A, 23 K 20/12 from 10/17/1996). This welding method is based on the use of a special tool. The tool has a cone part in the form of a Morse cone at one end. At the opposite end of the tool is its working part in the form of a shoulder strap and a pin. In the process of welding, the tool rotates, and the shoulder strap is brought into contact with the surface of the welded workpieces. In this case, the pin is immersed in the workpiece material along the axis of their joint. As a result of the action of friction forces, heat is generated that warms the metal in the joint zone of the workpieces to a plastic state. In the process of moving the tool along the joint, the pin destroys the oxide film on the end surfaces of the welded edges of the workpieces and, thereby, ensures the formation of an integral connection.

However, in the welding process there is an interaction of the metal being welded with the metal of the tool. This interaction is accompanied by the penetration of aluminum into the pin material and the formation of a mesh

microcracks. The presence of microcracks leads to breakage of the pin even with a slight ripple in the load on the tool during welding. Experience shows that the tool service life when welding parts 3-5 mm thick does not exceed 20-25 m of the weld.

Tool replacement is associated with the manufacture of a new kit. In this case, the main material consumption is the manufacture of the conical part of the tool in the form of a Morse cone for fixing in the machine pins. Therefore, the replacement of the tool is associated with additional costs for its manufacture.

The essence of the claimed utility model is that the tool for welding aluminum alloys by friction with stirring is made integral. The tool consists of a holder and an executive unit. The holder has a Morse taper at one end for securing the tool in the mines of the milling machine. At the opposite end of the holder, a cylindrical channel is made along its axis. An executive unit is installed in this channel. The executive unit, consisting of a shoulder and a pin, is fixed in the holder with a locking screw and a pin.

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by drawings: in Fig. 1, an assembled tool is shown, in Fig. 2, the holder structure is shown.

The tool consists of a holder 1 and an actuator unit. The Executive unit form the shoulder 2 and the pin 3, made in the form of one part. The actuating unit is mounted in the holder 1 by means of a pin 4 and the locking screw 5. For this purpose, the openings 6 and 7 are made in the holder 1 from the side of its working end. In this case, the actuating unit is installed in the cylindrical channel 9 of the holder 1.

The opposite end of the holder 1 is made in the form of a Morse cone and serves to fix the tool in the mines of the milling machine.

The inventive tool was tested in friction welding with stirring of butt joints of alloy D16T 4 mm thick. The tool had the following parameters:

- holder length 150 mm

- diameter of the holder at the installation site of the actuator unit 30 mm

- shoulder diameter 15 mm

- diameter of the pin at the transition to the shoulder 4 mm

- pin diameter in the working area 3 mm

- pin height 3.5 mm

The executive unit was fixed in the holder using the MB retaining screw and a pin with a diameter of 5 mm. The executive unit was made of steel grade 5HZVZMFS. The holder was made of ZOHGSA steel.

Experiments have shown that the durability of a composite tool is similar to the durability of a tool made as a whole. The main cause of tool failure is aluminum frozen on its surface. Aluminum penetrates the tool material to a considerable depth, forming a sublayer. Such interaction leads to the formation of microcracks in the tool material, contributing to its breakage at a certain operating time.

If the tool (pin) breaks down with the claimed utility model, it is necessary to replace only the actuator unit, and not the entire tool as a whole. In addition, it becomes possible to manufacture the holder from conventional low alloy steels. All this together reduces the cost of manufacturing and operating a tool for friction welding.

The specified composite tool design provides additional capabilities for varying the geometry of the actuator unit and the materials used for its manufacture.

Claims (1)

A tool for friction welding with stirring of aluminum alloys containing an installation part in the form of a Morse cone and an actuator block in the form of a shoulder and a pin, characterized in that the tool is made of a holder and an executive block in the form of a shoulder and a pin, forming a single part, at the working end the holder has a cylindrical channel in which the actuating unit is installed, a Morse taper is made at the opposite end of the holder, the actuating unit being fixed in the holder with a locking screw and pcs iftom.