RU45271U1 - DEVICE FOR SUPERFAST STERILIZATION OF MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical equipment and can be used for ultrafast sterilization of medical instruments. The proposed utility model is based on the task of developing a simple, generally accessible sterilization device for medical surgical, dental instruments with a sterilization time of not more than 5 minutes. The device should be distinguished by ease of use, no need for the use of disinfectant solutions, the possibility of use in the field, private clinics, dental offices.

The problem is solved in that the ultrafast sterilization device for medical instruments includes a microwave source, a segment of the matching waveguide, a resonator (microwave oven or other similar device), a heat-resistant transparent container for microwave fields, a working medium with water, and a small addition of cookware salt. Sterilized instruments are placed in a container. The container is placed in the resonator, and the container is height-adjustable, which makes it possible to establish its optimal location relative to the segment of the matching waveguide (microwave window).

A useful model of ultrafast sterilization of medical instruments significantly reduces the sterilization time to a value of no more than 5 minutes, eliminates the negative phenomena that lead to instrument damage, such as sparking, chemical reactions with a disinfectant solution, is easy to maintain, affordable and corresponds to the level of safety of electrical household appliances.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of medical technology, in particular to the sterilization of medical instruments.

Known methods and devices for the sterilization of materials and tools using microwave fields. For example, in US Pat. No. 5,019,344 of 05/28/91, an instrument enclosed in a bag that is transparent to the microwave field is placed in a microwave oven in which the disinfectant solution is located. The sterilization effect is achieved due to the total thermal effect, disinfecting effect and the action of microwave fields. Sterilization time is 20 minutes.

This technical solution has the following disadvantages: the presence of sparking on the tips of some tools and overheating of the tools, which leads to their damage; chemical reaction of the instrument with a disinfectant solution also leads to damage to the instruments;

the need for strict dosage and the need for a large amount of disinfectant solution, which is difficult to provide in the field; the need to use each time special sealed bags, and therefore, devices that seal these bags.

The method of microwave sterilization according to US patent No. 5019359 from 05/28/91, is that the instrument to be sterilized, enclosed in a package containing a disinfectant solution and a foil-type sheath, is placed in a microwave oven. The use of a foil-type sheath makes it possible to exclude possible sparking of the instrument due to the high intensity of the microwave fields on the tool tips, but the foil shields the microwave fields and thereby excludes the sterilizing effect of the microwave field, sterilization occurs only due to heating and disinfection with the solution.

A known method for the rapid sterilization of medical instruments in microwave fields, set forth in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2130319 dated 07/27/1997, this method uses ordinary water in such an amount that the water only partially covers the instruments. A device for implementing this method contains a heat-resistant transparent container for microwave fields (container)

for placing tools. The container is installed in the microwave cavity. This method allows to reduce the sterilization time to 5-10 minutes, eliminates the sparking of instruments, their overheating and chemical reactions with a disinfectant solution.

The disadvantage of this method is that the container in which the tools are placed does not have an adjustment of its height position; therefore, the location of the container relative to the input microwave window of the working resonator cannot be optimized, which increases the processing time. Another disadvantage of this method is that due to the insufficient amount of natural salts in ordinary water in a number of modes, the sterilization time during processing exceeds 5 minutes.

The closest in basic principles to the claimed utility model is RF patent No. 2161505 dated July 6, 1999 "Method for sterilizing materials using microwave radiation with high field strength and a device for implementing the method." The invention solves the problem of sterilizing only dielectric or partially dielectric materials using electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range. In this case, a microwave source and a resonator are used, inside which sterilized dielectric materials are placed. Destruction of microorganisms, such as bacteria, spores or viruses, occurs due to an increase in the electromagnetic field inside the resonator and the absorption of microwave energy by microorganisms. Along with the undoubted advantages of the method and device proposed in the patent, they have disadvantages. The main disadvantage is the inability to sterilize metal medical instruments. Another serious drawback is the need to fill with gas with a high breakdown threshold (for example, freon or SF6 gas) at an increased pressure of the resonator itself to ensure its necessary electric strength. In addition, the dimensions of the material to be sterilized are limited, and the material itself must be moved during sterilization inside the resonator in the antinode region, the locations of which are not so easy to determine.

The proposed utility model is based on the task of developing an easy-to-use and economical device for sterilization of metal medical surgical and dental instruments, which allows reducing the sterilization time to values not

more than 5 minutes. The device should be distinguished by simplicity, the absence of the need for the use of disinfectant solutions, the possibility of use in the field, in numerous clinics and hospitals, dental offices, hairdressers, affordable.

The problem is solved in that the structure of an ultrafast sterilization device for medical instruments, in addition to a microwave energy source (magnetron) and a resonator, includes a microwave waveguide output, as well as a container for sterilized instruments filled with a working medium and made of heat-resistant material transparent to microwave fields wherein the container is mounted inside the cavity resonator on a height-adjustable stand with the possibility of combining the symmetry axes of the waveguide output of microwave energy connected to the volume nym cavity and the volume occupied by the container in the sterilized instruments, except. the stand is made in the form of a block of gaskets made of a material that is transparent to microwave fields, and a water-salt solution is used as a working medium, taken at the rate of 1-5 grams of table salt per liter of water, which allows to increase the conductivity of the working medium, loss coefficient, which means the amount of microwave power absorbed by the active medium.

Adding sodium chloride to the working medium improves the electrical contact between the working medium and the tool. The lack of a working medium leads to sparking of the tool in the microwave field, leading to its overheating and dullness. The height-adjustable stand is made in the form of a set of gaskets, which allows the container with sterilized instruments to be installed in the region of maximum microwave field strength. The drawing shows a General view of the device ultrafast sterilization of medical instruments.

The device consists of a microwave energy source - magnetron 1, with a waveguide output of microwave energy 2, through which the magnetron is connected to the volume resonator 3. In the resonator 3 there is a container for sterilized instruments 4 with a working medium 5, which is used as a salt-water solution at the rate of 1-5 grams of table salt per liter of water. The container 4 is mounted on a height-adjustable stand 6, made in the form of a block of gaskets made of a material transparent for microwave fields. The container 4 with sterilized instruments is mounted on a stand 6 with the possibility of combining the symmetry axes of the microwave waveguide output -

energy with the axis of symmetry of the volume occupied by sterilized instruments.

The device operates as follows. The tool container is placed in a microwave resonator, similar to the resonator of a household microwave oven with a power of 600-800 watts. The sterilization process can last up to 5 minutes.

The reduction in sterilization time is achieved by a combination of the following effects:

increase in absorbed power by the working medium;

more rapid achievement of the active medium high temperature;

the destruction of the microwave - the fields of the internal structure of bacteria;

an additional acting factor is the cavitational effect (bombardment of the surface of the instrument by bursting bubbles of boiling liquid).

The study of the possibility and effectiveness of sterilization in the proposed device was carried out as follows. Surgical metal instruments were infected with a 48-72 hour culture of B. Subtilis spore-bearing bacteria, the so-called “hay bacillus,”

A culture of spore-bearing bacteria B. Subtilis 468 was seeded in 100-150 ml. meat-pentone broth (MP5) and cultured at 37 ° C for 48-72 hours. A smear was prepared from the obtained culture, stained with Gram to determine the presence of spores. Spore formation was quite pronounced (several tens in the field of view). Tools were treated with this culture by applying them with a cotton swab moistened abundantly in the indicated culture. Infected instruments were dried in a thermostat for 30-45 minutes on sheets of sterile paper, wrapped in it and sent for microwave sterilization.

Infected instruments were sterilized by microwave treatment, in the proposed device is a utility model.

After sterilization in the proposed device, sterilized instruments were packed in sterile wipes, sterile paper and subjected to bacteriological examination.

When conducting bacteriological control, a thorough washing of the instruments with a cotton swab moistened with physiological saline was carried out. The entire surface of the tool was machined. Washings were placed in 10 ml. meat-pentone broth MP 5 and

cultivated at a temperature of 37 ° C for 24 hours. From these crops, seeding was carried out on Petri dishes with meat-pentone agar. Crops were kept for 24 hours at a temperature of 37 ° C and assessed the result - the presence or absence of growth of colonies of B. Subtilis.

Studies have shown that effective and high-quality microwave - sterilization of metal surgical instruments (angular bite, nose expander, spatula, hook for wounds, horse, pean, burs, diamond disks, scalpel blades, anatomical tweezers, dental scalpel, cement spatula, plugger ironing machine, etc.) using the proposed utility model is achieved in a time of not more than 5 minutes.

Examples of using the device.

Example 1

Medical instruments: angular bite, nasal expander, putty knife, wound hook, gaiters, thin peans, previously infected with a culture of spore-bearing bacteria B. Subtilis 468, placed in a heat-resistant glass container with a volume of 1000 milliliters. A small amount of sodium chloride is added to the water (working medium), approximately 2 grams per 100 milliliters of water. The container is placed using gaskets transparent for microwave fields so that the instruments are located in the middle of the resonator along the longitudinal axis of the waveguide connecting the magnetron and the resonator. The type of microwave oven can be different, for example, the SP is 23, its microwave power is 700 watts and the microwave frequency is 2450 MHz. Sterilize instruments for less than 5 minutes. As a result, the instruments are completely sterilized.

Example 2. Medical dental instruments (burs, diamond disks, scalpel blades, anatomical tweezers, dental scalpel, cement spatula, spinner-trowel) pre-infected with a culture of spore-bearing bacteria B. Subtilis 468 are placed in a heat-resistant glass container. 100-200 milliliters of water are poured into the container, to which sodium chloride is added at the rate of 2 grams per 100 milliliters. The container is placed in the middle of the resonator by selecting gaskets that are transparent to microwave fields, combining it with the longitudinal axis of the waveguide and sterilized for 3 minutes. As a result, the instrument is completely sterilized.

Thus, the proposed device ultrafast sterilization of medical instruments significantly reduces the sterilization time to a value of not more than 5 minutes, eliminates the negative phenomena leading to damage to instruments, such as sparks, chemical reactions with a disinfectant solution. The proposed device can also be used in the field.

Claims (3)

1. Device for ultra-fast sterilization of medical instruments, containing a microwave energy source and a volume resonator, characterized in that a waveguide output of microwave energy and a container for sterilized instruments with a working medium are introduced, made of a heat-resistant material transparent for microwave fields and installed inside the volume resonator on a height-adjustable stand, in addition, water-salt solution was used as the working medium. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the height-adjustable stand is made in the form of a block of gaskets made of a material that is transparent to microwave fields. 3. The device of claim 1, characterized in that the water-salt solution used as the working medium is taken at the rate of 1-5 g of sodium chloride per 1 liter of water.