RU44065U1 - DEVICE FOR SELF-EVAPORATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to apparatuses used in the aluminum industry, and may be applicable in other branches of engineering where superheated solutions or suspensions are evaporated to concentrate them or to produce steam. The technical problem is to reduce the loss of technological solution, to prevent contamination of the generated steam and increase its quantity, as well as to create a self-evaporation chamber with optimal sizes. The essence of the device. The device consists of a horizontal cylindrical self-evaporation chamber with covers in the end parts; made in the form of the lower part of the self-evaporation chamber of at least one channel for the flow of the boiling solution leaving the chamber through the means for removing the boiled stream, configured to separate the boiled solution into a circulating and discharged solution; and means for introducing an overheated solution. The self-evaporation chamber is equipped with a collector for receiving a mixture of solutions, configured to overflow a mixture of solutions in at least one channel, and the device also contains means for supplying a mixture of circulating and superheated solutions having an input and output ;. Moreover, the output of the means for supplying the mixture of solutions is communicated with the collector for receiving the mixture of solutions, the input is with the means for introducing the superheated solution and the means for discharging the superheated solution. Each channel over one is installed between the lower part of the chamber and the collector with the possibility of the passage of steam generated during self-evaporation of the flow in the channel below. The following structural variants of the device are possible. The collector for reception can be made in the form of a pipe with holes along its length and installed with the possibility of spreading the mixture of solution on the cover of the end of the housing. Means for supplying a mixture of solutions can be made in the form of a jet pump. The means for draining the boiled cooled solution, it is advisable to perform in the form of two nozzles.

Each channel over one is preferably set with a gap relative to the cylindrical shell of the chamber. Each channel over one is also preferably installed with a gap relative to the covers in the end parts. 1 nz n. 7 s. P. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to apparatuses used in the aluminum industry, and may be applicable in other branches of engineering, where superheated solutions or suspensions are evaporated to concentrate them or to produce steam.

A self-evaporator is known (Maltz N. S. Autoclave leaching of bauxite. M. Metallurgy. 1980, p. 42-43), including a cylindrical self-evaporation chamber with a vertical body with lids in the end parts in the form of upper and lower elliptical bottoms; means for removing boiled pulp in the form of an unloading pipe installed in the bottom cover of the chamber, as well as means for supplying an overheated solution (superheated bauxite pulp).

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below include: a small degree of boiling of the solution, removal of a large amount of steam with the leaving solution, and, on the other hand, steam pollution. This is explained by the following.

The boiling in the self-evaporation chamber has an "explosive" character due to the large temperature difference of the incoming superheated solution and equilibrium. In addition, the self-evaporation of the solution in such devices occurs in a boiling volume from the surface of the mirror, which has a small area relative to the volume of the boiling solution. The incoming superheated solution is in the chamber for a short time and, falling down, almost instantly, together with a significant amount of steam, leaves the apparatus.

An instant boiling apparatus (SU 1376295 A1) was selected as the closest analogue, including a horizontal cylindrical self-evaporation (evaporation) chamber with caps in the end parts, with a branch pipe for venting steam (non-condensing gases), nozzles for introducing an overheated solution and outlet for a cooled solution in the terminology of the well-known description named the inlet and outlet nozzles of the evaporated liquid. The flow of the boiling solution in the self-evaporation chamber flows through the channel, which is the lower part of the cylindrical shell of the chamber. A chipper and a partition are installed in the chamber.

The device in its unchanged form does not achieve the result indicated below for the following reasons.

Firstly, at the overflow threshold there is a rapid boiling of an overheated solution coming out from under the chipper, and a lot of small splashes are formed, which are ejected into the vapor space of the device. These droplets are carried away by the flow of steam generated during boiling, which is the reason for the loss of solution and contamination of the condensate formed during condensation of this steam.

Secondly, the stream of boiling solution in the self-evaporation chamber, overflowing over the overflow threshold, is immersed in the mass of the discharged boiled solution. In this case, the immersion of a boiling solution falling from the threshold is inevitably accompanied by the distribution of vapor bubbles mainly in the lower part of the solution flow and the capture of steam into the boiled cooled solution discharged from the self-evaporation chamber.

The problem to which the claimed utility model is directed is:

- in reducing the loss of technological solution;

- in preventing pollution of the generated steam and increasing its amount;

- in creating a self-evaporation chamber with optimal sizes.

The problem is solved in that the device for self-evaporation of the technological solution, including a horizontal cylindrical self-evaporation chamber with covers in the end parts, with a steam outlet pipe; with a channel for the flow of the boiling solution leaving the self-evaporation chamber through the means for removing the boiled solution made in the form of the lower part of the self-evaporation chamber; and means for introducing a superheated solution, in which, according to a utility model, the means for draining the boiled solution is configured to separate the boiled solution into a circulating solution and a drained solution, the device is provided with means for supplying a mixture of circulating and superheated solutions having an inlet and an outlet, and the self-evaporation chamber is equipped with a collector for receiving a mixture of solutions, and the channel is contained in the chamber in an amount of at least one, and each channel over one is installed between the lower part of the chamber and the call an projector with the possibility of the passage of steam generated during the self-evaporation of the flow in the channel below; the collector is configured to overflow the mixture of solutions into at least one channel; the output of the means for supplying the mixture of solutions communicates with the collector for receiving the mixture of solutions, the input with the means for introducing the superheated solution and the means for discharging the superheated solution.

The best options for using the inventive device for self-evaporation of a technological solution are possible with the following design features.

Preferably, the collector for reception was made in the form of a pipe with holes along its length.

It is possible to install the collector with the possibility of overflowing the mixture of solutions in the direction of the cover of the end part of the housing.

It is advisable that the collector be installed with the possibility of spreading the mixture of the solution on the cover of the end part of the housing.

A preferred embodiment of the device is the implementation of a means for supplying a mixture of solutions made in the form of a jet pump.

Perhaps the means for draining the boiled cooled solution to perform in the form of two nozzles.

It is also advisable that each channel over one is installed with gaps relative to the cylindrical shell of the housing.

It is also possible to install each channel over one with gaps relative to the covers in the end parts.

The peculiarity of the execution of the means for draining the boiled solution is determined by the need to separate from the boiled solution part of it, presented in the form of a circulating solution, necessary for cooling the initial superheated solution.

The most rational and technologically advanced way to remove the boiled solution in the form of two nozzles: one for the circulating solution, the other for the discharge.

To cool the solution supplied to the self-evaporation chamber (hereinafter referred to as the chamber), the means for introducing the superheated solution and the means for removing the boiled solution communicate with the input of the means for supplying the mixture of solutions. The input of the supply means communicates with the technological space of the chamber (in our case, with a collector introduced into the chamber), thus, upon receipt, the solution has a temperature lower than the initial superheated solution, and the boiling process at the entrance to the technological space of the chamber is less violent. A consequence of the aforementioned effect is a decrease in the number of small droplets that form, polluting the steam stream during boiling of the technological solution.

The implementation of the means for supplying a mixture of solutions in the form of a jet pump is explained by its widespread use in technology.

With the number of channels exceeding one, made in the form of the lower part of the camera, it becomes possible to increase the actual width of the stream, which becomes equal to the sum of the values of the width of the streams, self-evaporating in each channel. Such an increase in the width of the stream allows to reduce the depth of the stream and thereby reduce the time of ascent of steam bubbles. The last of the mentioned factors leads to a decrease in the required length of the self-evaporation chamber and affects the choice of the optimal size of the chamber as a whole.

The removal of steam generated in each channel over one is possible due to the features of their installation. The most acceptable and technological option is the formation of gaps between the installed channel over one and the cylindrical shell of the chamber.

The mixture of solutions is supplied to the chamber collector. A feature of the design of the collector is the ability to overflow the supplied mixture of solutions into at least one channel — the lower part of the chamber. So, overflowing from the collector, the supplied cooled mixture of solutions drains more smoothly, and the stream formed due to the pressure drop flows through the channel.

If there are channels over one, the mixture of solutions flows through the gaps relative to the covers in the end parts of the chamber.

The expediency of installing a collector with the possibility of overflowing the supplied mixture of solutions in the direction of the cover of the end part of the chamber is explained by the correspondence of the length of movement of the boiling solution and the length of the channel (channels).

The execution of the collector in the form of a pipe with holes along its length is advisable from the point of view of the uniform distribution of iridescent boiling solution over the width of the chamber.

In addition, by installing the collector so that the iridescent solution falling onto the lid spreads over its surface, the effect that is most fully uniform in speed and depth of flow in at least one channel in the form of the lower part of the chamber is ensured.

Having established a channel over one with gaps relative to the cylindrical shell of the chamber, it becomes possible to divert the steam formed in the channel corresponding to the lower part of the chamber.

The analysis of the prior art by the applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information and identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed utility model, made it possible to establish that no analogues were found that are characterized by features that are identical to all

essential features of the device. The applicant believes that the utility model meets the eligibility criteria: “novelty”.

A preferred embodiment of the device for self-evaporation of the technological solution is explained in more detail using the attached drawings:

Figure 1 shows the design of the device with a longitudinal section of the self-evaporation chamber;

figure 2 is a view along arrow A in figure 1;

figure 3 is an alternative view of the design of the device shown in figure 1.

Figure 4 is a view along arrow B in figure 3.

The inventive device consists (see figure 1) of a horizontal cylindrical self-evaporation chamber 1 (hereinafter referred to as the chamber) with a channel 2 in the form of the lower part of the chamber 1; the chamber is closed at the ends by covers 3. In addition, the device comprises means for introducing an overheated solution in the form of a pipe 4, means for draining the boiled solution in the form of two nozzles 5, 6, of which: nozzle 5 for draining the boiled solution, nozzle 6 for draining the circulating solution . Means for supplying a mixture of circulating solution and superheated solution in the form of a jet pump 7 having an inlet in the form of a working nozzle 8 and a suction pipe 9 and an outlet in the form of a discharge pipe 10. The self-evaporation chamber 1 is equipped with a collector for receiving the mixture of solutions in the form of a pipe 11 installed along the cover 3 cameras 1 (in other words, across the longitudinal axis of camera 1). Along the entire length of the pipe 11, drain holes 12 are made in its lower part (see Fig. 2). The discharge pipe 10 of the jet pump 7 communicates with the pipe 11, and the working nozzle 8 - with the pipe 4 for supplying the superheated solution, the suction pipe 9 - with the pipe 6 of the circulating solution. The device contains a branch pipe 13.

Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the device containing two channels 2 and 14; channel 14 is installed along the height of the chamber 1 between the first channel 2 in the form of the lower part of the chamber 1 and the pipe 11.

Figure 4 shows a plan view of a device with a channel 14. The gaps 15 and 16 are formed by a channel 14 with a cylindrical shell of the chamber 1 and covers 3 in the end parts, respectively.

In the following description of the operation of the claimed device, bauxite pulp is used as a technological solution.

The superheated solution of bauxite pulp from the pipeline 4 enters the working nozzle 8 of the jet pump 7 and flows out of it through it at high speed

discharge pipe 10. Due to the energy of this flow through the pipe 6 of the outlet of the circulating solution and the suction pipe 9, the circulating solution of bauxite pulp is sucked into the pump 7 as part of the boiled solution. The circulating solution has a lower temperature than the supplied superheated solution of bauxite pulp; so, the circulating solution reduces the temperature of the superheated solution exiting the working nozzle 8. In other words, the cooled mixture enters the pipe 11 and flows through the openings 12 into the channel 2, previously falling on the cover 3. At the same time, a steady-state vortex-free flow forms in the channel 2 to the nozzles 5, 6. A part of the solution in the form of a circulating bauxite pulp is discharged through the nozzle 6 to the suction nozzle 9 of the pump 7. The main stream is discharged from the chamber 1 through the nozzle 5. Bubbles of steam formed in the flow of samovar schegosya solution and float upward, reaching the surface, allocated to the vapor space of the chamber 1. The vapor during samoispareniya bauxite slurry is withdrawn from the chamber through the pipe 12.

If there is a second channel 13 in the self-evaporation chamber 1 (see Figs. 4 and 5), the boiling solution from the pipe 11 flows through the gaps 14 into the channel 2 in the form of the lower part of the cylindrical chamber 1; the generated steam from the channel 2 passes through the gaps 15 and is discharged from the chamber 1 through the pipe 12.

Claims (8)

1. A device for self-evaporation of a technological solution, including a horizontal cylindrical self-evaporation chamber with covers in the end parts, with a steam outlet pipe; with a channel for the flow of a boiling solution leaving the self-evaporation chamber through the means for removing the boiled solution made in the form of the lower part of the self-evaporation chamber; and means for introducing a superheated solution, characterized in that the means for draining the boiled solution is configured to separate the boiled solution into a circulating solution and a drained solution, the device is equipped with a means for supplying a mixture of circulating and superheated solutions having an inlet and an outlet, and the self-evaporation chamber is equipped with a collector for receiving a mixture of solutions moreover, the channel is contained in the self-evaporation chamber in an amount of at least one, and each channel is more than one installed between the bottom of the self-evaporation chamber and ollektorom with the possibility of passing the steam produced when samoisparenii flow channel defined below; the collector is configured to overflow the mixture of solutions into at least one channel; the output of the means for supplying the mixture of solutions communicates with the collector for receiving the mixture of solutions, the input with the means for introducing the superheated solution and the means for discharging the superheated solution. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the collector for reception is made in the form of a pipe with holes along its length. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the collector is installed with the possibility of overflowing the mixture of solutions in the direction of the cover of the end part of the housing. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the collector is installed with the possibility of spreading the mixture of the solution on the cover in the end part of the housing. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for supplying a mixture of solutions is made in the form of a jet pump. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for removing the boiled solution is made in the form of two nozzles. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that each channel over one is installed with a gap relative to the cylindrical shell of the chamber. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that each channel over one is installed with a gap relative to the covers in the end parts.