RU42371U1 - DIGITAL RADIO RELAY STATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The station is intended for the organization of rural, departmental and technological communications along roads, oil and gas pipelines, as well as the organization of radio-relay communication lines, in cases where there is no need for redundancy, and official communication can be organized through a telephone channel. The station allows you to organize short communication channels that provide digital information transmission at a speed of 64 kbit / s and the operation of telephone channels with the ability to access the public telephone network. The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that in the structure of the station a system for monitoring the state of the station blocks and regulating their operation parameters is organized. The monitoring and control system is organized by introducing sensors of monitoring their condition into the composition of the blocks of the radio module and organizing two-way communication between the said sensors and means for matching channel-forming equipment, which is configured to monitor and control the operation of the blocks of the radio module. Constant monitoring allows predicting possible malfunctions, timely identifying malfunctions in the operation of individual units and adjusting their operating parameters, changing the operating modes of the station. Monitoring the state and regulating the operation of the radio module blocks, aimed at ensuring the uninterrupted operation of the latter, can improve the reliability of the station as a whole.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The station is intended for the organization of rural communications, departmental and technological communications along roads, oil and gas pipelines, as well as the organization of radio-relay communication lines with a transmission distance of up to 60 km in a single span, in cases where there is no need for reservation, and service communications can be organized through the telephone channel.

By means of the claimed device, short communication channels are organized that provide data (digital information) transmission at a speed of 64 kbit / s and telephone channels work with the possibility of accessing a public telephone network.

State of the art

Known radio relay station (RRS) FM-24/400 (see book Dzygalo A.I., Ustinsky A.A. et al. "Radio relay communication in railway transport", M: Transport, 1980, pp. 211-213 ), intended for the organization of low-channel RRL. Station equipment includes a receiver unit with a measuring device, a transmitter with a measuring device, a service channel, a local alarm and a telealarm, which implies that the station is equipped with a monitoring system aimed at improving the reliability of the station. However, РРС ФМ-24/400 is an analogue station, and, therefore, has lower noise immunity and transmission speed of digital information compared to digital radio systems. In addition, the equipment of the radio station is made on an outdated element base, has a large weight and dimensions.

Known digital radio relay system "Radan-2" (see the book L. G. Mordukhovich, A. Stepanov, "Radio communication systems. Course design: Textbook for universities", - M: Radio and communications, 1987, p.21-22), which allows you to organize two duplex digital trunks, each of which can transmit 15 telephone channels and 2 telegraph channels. The equipment of the station includes: a transceiver unit located on the antenna mast or near it, and channel-forming equipment - PCM-15.

The station, executed on a modern element base with the use of integrated circuits, is small-sized and has the above-mentioned advantages of digital stations. In addition, placing the transceiver unit on the antenna mast

allows you to practically get rid of losses through the RF cable and reduce the power of the transmitter. However, the "upper" placement of equipment creates significant difficulties in its maintenance during operation, especially in harsh climates, and at the same time, increased requirements for component parts for frost resistance, protection, etc., presented at the "upper" location, lead to a significant increase in the cost of the station.

As a prototype of the proposed solution selected low-channel digital radio relay station "R-6" (see Appendix 1), having a "ground" location. The station provides radio transmission of digital streams from connecting, subscriber telephone lines or flexible multiplexers with a step speed of 64 kbit / s over a distance of 50 km.

The station kit contains an antenna-feeder device, a radio block including transceiver equipment, a group signal modulator that performs differential binary phase modulation, a phase detector and a junction node for connecting channel-forming equipment (hereinafter - KOA), which is connected to the radio block by a linear code using two twisted couples. KOA is selected from a number of industrially produced circuit solutions, for example, depending on the modification of the station, the following schemes are used: IKM-6A, IKM-6SL / 15, IKM-30, transcoder ADIKM MK / 30TR, HDB3 interface, MTs-115T / Big, etc. .

KOA carries out the functions of converting input information and generating a group signal when transmitting and splitting a group signal and converting output information when receiving. In this case, the KOA assumes the presence of a means of coordinating the operation of the information converter and the group signal shaper, which performs the formation of the loop structure during transmission, recognizes control commands and distributes information at reception.

The station “R-6” did not reveal the presence of a system for monitoring and regulating the operation of the station blocks, which allows to increase the stability of the station.

Utility Model Disclosure

The inventive utility model solves the problem of improving the reliability of the digital RRS, including operational reliability, by monitoring the operation and condition of the station units and adjusting their operation parameters.

The problem is solved in that in a digital radio relay station containing a radio module, including a frequency decoupling filter,

transmitting equipment and a modulator of a group signal, and channel-forming equipment connected to the radio module and located near it, including a digital input / output information converter, a group signal shaper / splitter and means for coordinating their work, according to the claimed utility model, the matching means is configured to control and control the operation blocks of the radio module, while the composition of the said blocks includes sensors for monitoring their state associated with the matching means.

Unlike the prototype, in the inventive station, in the blocks of the radio module, such as a transmitter power amplifier, a receiver, a group signal demodulator, etc., are placed SKU sensors (monitoring and control systems) and organize two-way communication between the sensors and the channel matching equipment matching means. The matching tool periodically polls the SKU sensors, processes the received information, and generates control commands for the radio module blocks. Constant monitoring allows predicting possible malfunctions, timely identifying malfunctions in the operation of individual units and adjusting their operating parameters, changing the operating modes of the station. Monitoring the state and regulating the operation of the radio module blocks, aimed at ensuring the uninterrupted operation of the latter, can improve the reliability of the station as a whole.

At the same time, the coordination tool monitors and controls the operation of the KOA blocks: an input / output information converter and a group signal shaper / splitter.

In the above-described TsRS - “R-6”, and “Radan-2”, such a solution cannot be implemented, since the channel-forming equipment used in the above stations is the industrially manufactured finished blocks IKM-15, IKM-6A, etc. of the same manufacturer and the radio module or transceiver unit is different, which does not allow for the foregoing connections between the KOA control device and the constituent blocks of the radio module.

In the particular case of execution, the antenna-feeder device and the transceiver equipment can be performed with operating characteristics that ensure the operation of the station in the frequency range 150-170 MHz.

The KOA reconciliation tool is organized on the basis of the processor by means of its software.

In order to provide the ability to connect to the station a different number of subscribers of digital and analog information, for example, telephone subscribers, telephone exchanges, computers, etc., it is envisaged to implement a digital input / output information converter in the form of a set of interchangeable modules, each of which is designed for a certain type and number of input signals and is configured to connect to the remaining blocks of the channel-forming equipment, while the matching means is configured to be configured ia station. The developers envisaged the possibility of completing the digital converter with tone frequency modules, trunk lines, subscriber incoming and outgoing modules, and / or digital channel modules. The number of modules of low-frequency endings and their combination options are selected depending on the task. In specific cases of execution, the digital converter modules are based on processors.

The converter module of analog telephone signals can be made in the form of a digital system with pulse-code modulation and temporary channel multiplexing. In order to increase the number of channels, the analog signal converter module can be supplemented with adaptive pulse-code modulation (ADPCM) implemented after pulse-code modulation.

The converter module of digital information received from computers can be made in the form of a digital message processor installed at the output from the RS 232 interface.

Shaper / splitter group signal can be made in the form of a digital modulator-demodulator.

As a modulator of a group signal, it is preferable to use a phase manipulator with four-position relative phase modulation, which can significantly increase the noise immunity of the signal and the efficiency of the use of the frequency spectrum, namely, increase the radio channel bandwidth by 4 times for the same bandwidth.

For ease of installation, transportation and operation of equipment, the station can be made in the form of a monoblock placed in a common housing containing connectors for direct connection of telephone and digital subscribers.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The device is represented by drawings:

Figure 1 - presents a structural diagram of a digital radio relay station.

The following notation is shown in the diagram:

FFR - filter of frequency interchanges;

Prd - transmitter;

UM - power amplifier;

M - group signal modulator;

Prm - receiver;

Dm - demodulator;

TsMD - digital modulator-demodulator;

MKU - control and management module;

CPVI - digital converter of input / output information.

MD2TCH - dual-channel tonal frequency module;

MDCI is a digital information module.

Figure 2 - presents as an example of the organization of control and management block diagram of a subunit of the amplifier with automatic power control.

Utility Model Implementation

The digital radio relay station contains (see FIG. 1) an antenna 1, a radio module 2, which provides reception and transmission of information over a distance of 60 km and a block 3 of digital channel-forming equipment.

Radio module 2 contains a filter 4 frequency isolation (PSF), a transmitter 5, including a frequency synthesizer of the pathogen, a power amplifier 6, including a circuit for automatic power control (AGC) and a control and control board, a phase modulator 7 of the group signal, a receiver 8, including a frequency synthesizer , and a demodulator 9 of a group signal.

In order to ensure operation in the operating frequency range of 150-170 MHz, antenna 1, filter 4 frequency interchanges, frequency synthesizers of the exciter transmitter 5 and the local oscillator of the receiver 8 are selected with technical characteristics that allow you to work in the specified frequency range.

Block 3 of the channel-forming equipment comprises a digital modulator-demodulator 10 (CMD) of a group signal, a digital input / output information converter (CPVI), and means for coordinating their work, made in the form of a monitoring and control module 12 (hereinafter referred to as MCU),

implemented, for example, on the basis of the commercially available Atmeda 128 controller through its software.

The digital Converter 11 includes a dual-channel tonal frequency module 13 (MD2CH) and a digital information module 14 (MDCI). In other cases of station implementation, the digital converter 11 can be equipped with, in addition to the tone frequency module (MD2TC) and digital information (MDCI), incoming subscriber modules (MD2AV), outgoing subscriber modules (MD2AI), trunk modules (MD2SL), the number of modules of each destination type provides up to 6 pieces per station.

After turning on the power, the MKU 12 generates frequency codes and performs programming of the frequency synthesizers of the local oscillator of the receiver 8 and the exciter of the transmitter 5.

The station when transmitting information is as follows. The analog signal from the exchange is fed to the input of the dual-channel tonal frequency module 13, here it is encoded, converted to a digital signal and fed to the input of a digital modulator-demodulator 10. Digital information is transmitted from the RS 232 interface to the MDCI processor 14, where it is processed and converted to digital the channel and is transmitted to the input of the CMD 10, where signal channels and synchronization are also fed. The digital modulator-demodulator 10 scrambles everything and generates a group spectrum signal, which is a quadrature sequence, which is fed to the input of the group signal modulator 7, which performs four-position relative phase modulation (40FM). The modulated signal is amplified in the transmitter 5 and fed through the PSF 4 to the antenna 1.

The input signal from the antenna 1 passes through a filter 4 of the frequency isolation to the board of the frequency converter of the receiver 8, where it is amplified, filtered and converted to an intermediate frequency (IF), the signal of which is demodulated on the board of the demodulator 9 and fed to the digital modulator-demodulator 10, where from the group Stream allocated telephone and digital channels. The digital channel enters the processor 14, where it is processed and converted into an RS 232 interface for communication with a computer. The telephone channel enters the tone frequency module 13, where it is converted from a digital signal to an analog signal with the necessary levels.

In the process of operation of the station, the controller MKU 12, in accordance with the work program recorded in its memory, periodically polls various

SKU sensors located in controlled nodes: TsMD, MD2TCH, MDTSI, receiver, transmitter, PA, demodulator.

Interrogation and reception of information is carried out via a bus organized by methods known in the art using software and hardware, for example, a buffer, memory registers, etc. According to the algorithm laid down in the program, the analysis of the received information is carried out and a conclusion is made about the serviceability or malfunction of the equipment. Thus, the presence of synchronism in the phase-locked loop (PLL) of the local oscillator of the receiver 8 is monitored, the presence of synchronism in the PLL ring of the transmitter exciter 5, the control of the automatic gain control circuit (AGC) of the receiver 8, the reflected and incident power control of the amplifier 6, the presence of synchronism in the PLL ring of the demodulator 9, in addition, the module 12 MKU allows you to control the power system.

The data received from the digital signal processing units also allows you to control the quality of the transmitted and received information. In cases of deterioration in the reliability of the received data, commands are generated, for example, increasing the transmitter power, for a station operating in tandem with the specified one.

Information is provided on the front panel of the equipment, which allows you to have visual information about the status of the station. The malfunctioning state is duplicated by a sound signal. It is possible to manually diagnose the condition of the equipment. For this purpose, a keyboard is made on the front panel of the MCU, which also allows you to "manually" set the station's operating modes.

An example of the organization of automatic power control of the amplifier 6 is shown in figure 2.

The power amplifier (UM) subunit is a two-stage amplifier on chip 6, covered by two auto-regulation rings (AGC): by incident power to maintain the transmitter output power at a given level, and by reflected power to protect output stages. To this end, the amplifier 6 is equipped with sensors 15 of the incident and 16 reflected power. To ensure operating modes of reduced power and transfer to standby reception, as well as to provide an indication of serviceability, the PA includes an automation circuit 17.

To measure the parameters of the amplifier 6, the load is turned on through a paired directional coupler 18, providing a measurement of the incident and

reflected capacities. A constant rectified voltage proportional to the incident and reflected power from the sensors 15 and 16 is supplied to a comparison circuit 17, where it is compared with a reference level coming from a reference voltage source 19. The output signal, proportional to the incident power, from the automation circuit 17 is fed to the control input of the amplifier 6 and, changing the operating mode of the microcircuit, maintains the output power at a given level.

Upon receipt of a signal from the MKU 12 to switch to the low power mode, the reference level decreases, and the automation circuit 17 processes a low level of output power.

When a signal is received to increase the level of reflected power from the sensor 16, the comparison circuit 17 provides a signal covering the amplifier. As a result, the output power and current consumption are sharply reduced, providing a safe mode of operation for an inconsistent load. The automation circuit 17 additionally provides a measurement of the operation modes of the amplifier and the issuance of a signal of good operation to the control device.

Claims (9)

1. A digital radio relay station containing a radio module, including a frequency decoupling filter, transceiver equipment and a group signal modulator, and channel-forming equipment connected to the radio module and located near it, including a digital input / output information converter, group signal shaper / splitter, and matching means their work, characterized in that the matching means is configured to monitor and control the operation of the blocks of the radio module, while in the composition of the mentioned locks included sensors monitoring their status associated with the means of coordination. 2. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that the digital input / output information converter is made in the form of a set of interchangeable modules, each of which is designed for a certain type and number of input signals and is configured to connect to other blocks of channel-forming equipment, while coordination is made with the possibility of configuring the station. 3. The station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the matching means is made in the form of a digital switching device, organized on the basis of the processor. 4. The station according to claim 2, characterized in that the digital input / output information converter for analog telephone signals is made in the form of a digital system with pulse-code modulation and temporary channel multiplexing. 5. The station according to claim 2, characterized in that the digital input / output information converter for digital signals is made in the form of a digital message controller installed at the output from the RS 232 interface. 6. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna-feeder device and transceiver equipment are made with performance characteristics that ensure operation in the frequency range 150-170 MHz. 7. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaper / splitter of the group signal is made in the form of a digital modulator-demodulator. 8. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that the modulator of the group signal is made in the form of a phase manipulator with four-position relative phase modulation. 9. The station according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form of a monoblock placed in a common housing containing connectors for directly connecting telephone and digital subscribers.