RU42076U1 - INJECTOR FUEL SPRAY FOR THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

The nozzle fuel atomizer for an internal combustion engine is intended for use in engine building, in particular fuel-spraying equipment of internal combustion engines, as well as any other fuel-spraying equipment using liquid fuel. A distinctive feature of the nozzle fuel atomizer for an internal combustion engine containing a hollow body with a fuel supply channel and a seat, a twisting device made in the form of parallel screw grooves and a twisting chamber, a locking device installed in a hollow body, and the screw grooves exit into the twisting chamber, is the fact that there is a spray sleeve in the saddle interacting with an external shoulder. an elastic element in which there is an element that spins a fuel jet, with screw grooves parallel to each other, and having a cone at the end facing the saddle, interacting with the nozzle hole located in the saddle, the opposite end of the element spinning the fuel jet enters the swirl chamber, limited by the inner collar of the sleeve atomizer, while the inner diameter of the collar of the nozzle sleeve is less than or equal to the diameter of the core of the element twisting the jet of fuel, and the outer thorium sleeve divisor reacted with thorium inner shoulder of the threaded sleeve, fastened on the outer thread of said hollow body; - a twisting device made in the form of parallel-located screw grooves and a twisting chamber is replaced by a differentiating device containing a spray sleeve, an external collar interacting with an elastic element�

Description

The nozzle atomizer is intended for use in the engine building industry, in particular, fuel injection equipment of internal combustion engines, as well as any other fuel injection equipment using liquid fuel.

Known atomizer nozzles for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine.

An electromagnetic valve for injecting fuel, comprising a housing with a cavity, a nozzle fixed in the housing, made with a conical guide channel of the cylindrical channel and at least one spray hole communicated through the saddle with the guide cylindrical channel, a locking member with a spherical locking element placed in the cavity of the housing with the possibility axial movement and overlapping of the spraying hole and swirl grooves; an annular groove located between the cal cylindrical seat and the guide channel on the inner surface of the latter (IPC F 02 M 61/10, US Pat. №2023900, Bul. №23 of 23.06.90).

The disadvantages of this design of the atomizer are:

- the presence of a gap between the locking element with a spherical locking element and the guide cylindrical channel creates a sufficiently large fuel flow not in the vortex grooves, but in the axial direction, which significantly reduces the turbulence of the flow and, as a result, the characteristics of the fuel cut are worsened;

- this sprayer design does not allow smoothly affecting the pouring characteristics of the nozzle.

Known atomizer nozzles for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow body with a coaxially arranged conical seat, a pre-nozzle channel and a nozzle, a needle sized in the cavity with a locking part formed by two conical surfaces mating with a locking edge with a tapered surface of the saddle, and vortex grooves, made on one of the conical surfaces of the atomizer, and the diameter of the pre-nozzle channel is at least equal to the diameter of the nozzle (IPC F 02 M 61/10, AS 1573230, Bull. No. 40 dated 06.23.90).

The disadvantages of this design of the atomizer are:

- the presence of a gap at the time of injection between the conical surfaces, so most of the fuel will go not in the vortex grooves, but in the axial direction, which significantly reduces the swirl of the flow and, as a consequence, worsens the characteristics of the fuel atomization;

- this sprayer design does not allow smoothly affecting the pouring characteristics of the nozzle.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the inventive nozzle atomizer is a nozzle atomizer for a diesel engine, which contains a hollow body with a fuel supply channel and a saddle, a sock with a well, a twisting device made in the form of screw grooves sequentially measured under the well,

twisting chambers and a locking needle installed in the atomizer body with the formation of a needle-shaped chamber in communication with the fuel supply channel, the screw grooves extending into the twisting chamber and communicating with the well, and with the aim of increasing the atomization efficiency of the sprayer is provided with a sleeve, screw grooves are made on the outer side surface sock, and the sleeve is fixed on the toe with the formation of a twisting chamber between the inner surface of the sleeve and the outer surface of the sock (IPC F 02 M 61/10, Ac 1687838, Bull. No. 40 from 10.30.91).

The disadvantages of the atomizer nozzles of a diesel engine include;

- the swirling chamber is a truncated conical surface with a large base outward, which, when sprayed, will break the fuel jet into diverging jets, the number of which will correspond to the number of screw grooves, which impairs the atomization characteristics of the fuel;

- this design of the sprayer does not allow to influence the pouring characteristics of the nozzle and, accordingly, adjust the pouring characteristics of the nozzle.

The claimed invention solves the problem of a wide spectrum of the shape of the fuel spray torch with a finely dispersed uniform jet and at the same time allows smoothly adjusting and setting the pouring characteristics of the nozzle. The task is achieved in that:

- according to the first embodiment, a nozzle fuel atomizer for an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow body with a fuel supply channel and a seat, a twisting device made in the form of parallel screw grooves and a twisting chamber, a locking device installed in the hollow body, and the screw grooves exit into the chamber twisting in the saddle

the nozzle sleeve is located with an external collar interacting with an elastic element, in which there is a fuel swirling element with parallel screw grooves and a cone at the end facing the saddle, interacting with the nozzle hole located in the saddle, and the opposite end of the fuel swirling element enters the swirling chamber bounded by the inner collar of the spray sleeve, the inner diameter of the collar of the spray sleeve is less than or equal to the diameter of the core element, and the projections of the upper entrance of each screw groove to the lower output of the screw groove should not overlap, with the lower thorium of the outer collar of the spray nozzle interacting with the inner collar of the threaded sleeve, mounted on the external thread of the hollow body, while the spray pattern can be set, at a given fuel pressure, not only the angle of twisting of the parallel screw grooves, but also the thickness of the inner shoulder of the nozzle sleeve;

- according to the second embodiment, a nozzle fuel atomizer for an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow body with a fuel supply channel and a seat, a locking device installed in a hollow body, a differentiating device comprising a nozzle sleeve, interacting with an elastic element in which a differentiating element is located, is installed in the saddle the fuel pin is pressed into the sleeve with straight grooves along the longitudinal axis, which is pressed into the spray sleeve, and the differentiating pin has an end face the cone facing the saddle, interacting with the nozzle hole located in the saddle, and at the opposite end the cone differentiating the jet of fuel, while the spray nozzle bushing interacts with the thorium inner collar of the threaded sleeve, which is mounted on the external thread of the spray gun hollow body, moreover, the spray pattern,

at a given fuel pressure, it is set by the angle of the differentiating cone;

- according to the third embodiment, a nozzle fuel atomizer for an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow body with a fuel supply channel and a seat, a twisting device made in the form of parallel screw grooves and a twisting chamber installed in a hollow body, the screw grooves extending into the twisting chamber, twisting an element with parallel screw grooves is pressed into the axial bore of the saddle and has a jet of fuel at the end facing the twisting chamber formed by the space m Between it and the inner shoulder of the threaded sleeve, the cone interacting with the hole acting as a nozzle and located in the threaded sleeve mounted on the external thread of the hollow body, while the inner diameter of the shoulder of the spray sleeve is less than or equal to the diameter of the core of the element twisting the fuel jet, and the elastic the element is located between the inner end of the collar of the threaded sleeve and the seat, while the shape of the cutting torch at a given fuel pressure can be set not only by the angle of rotation of the parallel screws slots, but the hole length of the threaded sleeve. An inner collar with an opening can be located in the saddle behind the locking device, and there is a well in the end of the element spinning the fuel jet, facing the hole coaxial with it, and there is a gap between the hole and the screw spinning fuel.

Figure 1, 2 shows a General view of the atomizer fuel nozzle for an internal combustion engine according to the first embodiment.

Figure 3 shows a General view of the atomizer fuel nozzles for an internal combustion engine according to the second embodiment,

Figure 4, 5 shows a General view of the atomizer fuel nozzle

for an internal combustion engine according to the third embodiment.

Fig.6 shows a special case of Fig.4, 5.

The fuel atomizer nozzle for an internal combustion engine according to the first embodiment comprises a hollow body 1 of Fig. 1, 2 with a fuel supply channel 2 of Fig. 1 and a seat 3, a twisting device made in the form of parallel-located screw grooves 4 of Figs. 1, 2 and a chamber 1, locking device 6, installed in the hollow housing 1 of FIGS. 1, 2, wherein the screw grooves extend into the screwing chamber B of FIG. 1, located in the seat 3 of FIG. 1, the nozzle sleeve 7 of FIGS. 1, 2 with an external collar 8 Fig. 1, interacting with the elastic element 9, in which is located a fuel flow twisting element 10 of FIGS. 1, 2 with screw grooves 4 arranged in parallel and having an end face facing the seat 3 of FIG. 1, a cone 11 interacting with a nozzle hole 12 located in the seat 3, and the opposite end of the fuel flow swirling element 10 Figure 1, 2 enters the twisting chamber B Figure 1, limited by the inner shoulder 13 of Figure 1, 2 of the nozzle sleeve 7, while the inner diameter "a" of Figure 2 of the hole of the inner shoulder 13 of Figure 1, 2 is less than or equal to the diameter core "b" of FIG. 2 fuel-swirling element 10 of FIG. 1, 2, and the projection of the upper entrance of each screw groove 4 onto the lower output of the screw groove 4 should not overlap, with the lower thorium of the outer collar 8 of Fig. 1 the nozzle sleeve 7 of Fig. 1, 2 interacts with the inner thorium of the collar 14 of Fig. 1 of the threaded sleeve 15 Fig.1, 2, mounted on the external thread of the hollow body 1.

The fuel atomizer nozzles for an internal combustion engine according to the first embodiment works as follows:

When you open the nozzle, the locking device 6 of Fig. 1 rises up and the fuel through the fuel supply channel 2 through the gap

between the locking device 6 and the seat 3 it enters the hole of the nozzle 12, where, with the help of the cone 11 of the twisting element 10 of FIGS. 1, 2 partially overlapping the hole of the nozzle 12 of FIG. wherein the nozzle sleeve 7 of FIGS. 1, 2 interacts with the outer shoulder on one (upper) side with the elastic element 9 of FIG. 1, and on the other (lower side) with the inner end of the shoulder 14 of the threaded sleeve 15 of FIGS. 1, 2, mounted on external thread of the hollow body 1, which determines the smoothness of the installation of the size of the fuel spill. Then the fuel enters the screw grooves 4 of Fig. 1, 2 of the screw element 10, then into the screw chamber B of Fig. 1 and through the outlet of the inner collar 13 of Fig. 1, 2 of the nozzle 7 of the atomizer 7, the swirling jet exits and bursts due to centrifugal forces fine dispersion dust, moreover, the fuel spray cone can be determined not only by the angle of twisting of the screw grooves 4, but also by the thickness of the inner shoulder of the nozzle sleeve 7, which determines the length of the outlet hole of the internal shoulder 13, which is established during Formable fuel jet.

The fuel atomizer The nozzles for an internal combustion engine according to the second embodiment comprise a hollow body 1 of Fig. 3 with a fuel supply channel 2 and a seat 3, a locking device 6 mounted in a hollow housing 1, a differentiating device containing an atomizer sleeve 7, interacting with an external (upper) collar 8 with an elastic element 9, in which the pin 16 differentiating the fuel jet is located, pressed into the sleeve 17 with direct axial grooves or (holes), which is pressed into the nozzle sleeve 7, the differentiating pin 1 6 has a cone 11 at the end facing the saddle, interacting with the nozzle hole 12 located in the saddle, and at the opposite end, the cone 18, differentiating the fuel jet, while the nozzle sleeve 7 is external

thorium interacts with the internal thorium 14 the collar of the threaded sleeve 15, mounted on the external thread of the hollow body 1.

The atomizer fuel atomizer for an internal combustion engine according to the second embodiment works as follows:

When the nozzles are opened, the locking device 6 of FIG. 3 rises and the fuel flows through the fuel supply channel 2 through the gap between the locking device 6 and the seat 3 into the nozzle 12, where, with the help of the cone 11 of the differentiating pin 16 of the nozzle 12 entering the hole, it regulates the fuel flow, which then through the direct grooves of the sleeve 17 falls onto the cone 18 differentiating the fuel stream. In this case, the nozzle sleeve 7 interacts with an elastic collar 9 on the one hand and with the elastic element 9, and on the other with the inner end of the screw collar 14 15, mounted on the external thread of the hollow body 1 and determining the smoothness of setting the size of the fuel spill, and the shape of the fuel spray torch is chosen by the angle of the differentiating cone 18.

The fuel atomizer of the nozzle for the internal combustion engine according to the third embodiment comprises a hollow body 1 of FIG. 4, 5 with a fuel supply channel 2 of FIG. 4 and a seat 3, a twisting device made in the form of parallel-located screw grooves 4 of FIGS. 4, 5 and a twisting chamber 5, FIG. 4, a locking device 6 installed in the hollow body 1 of FIGS. 4, 5, wherein the screw grooves 4 extend into the swirl chamber, the element 10, which is screwed by the fuel stream, and the screw grooves 4 located parallel to it, is pressed into the axial bore of the seat 3 of FIG. 4, and has at the end facing the twisting chamber 5, formed by the space between it and the inner shoulder of the threaded sleeve 15 Figure 4, 5, the cone 11 of Figure 4, interacting with the hole 19 of Figure 4, 5 acting as a nozzle and located in the threaded sleeve 15, mounted on the outer the thread of the hollow body 1, while the inner diameter "in" Figure 5 holes

19 Fig. 4, 5 of the threaded sleeve 15 is less than or equal to the core diameter "g" of Fig. 5 of the fuel flow swirling element 10 of Fig. 4, 5, and the projections of the upper entrance of each screw groove 4 onto the lower output of the screw groove 4 should not overlap, moreover the elastic element 9 of Figure 4 is located between the inner thorium 14 of the shoulder of the threaded sleeve 15 of Figure 4, 5 and the seat 3 of Figure 4. In the saddle 3 of Fig. 4, 6, behind the locking device 6, an inner collar 20 of Fig. 6 with an opening 21 can be located, and in the upper end, which swirls the fuel stream of the element 10 of Figs. 4, 5, 6, coaxially with the opening 21 of Fig. 6 there is a well 22, and between the swirling fuel jet element 10 of Figures 4, 5, 6 and the well 22 of Fig.6 there is a gap for the passage of fuel.

The fuel atomizer nozzles for an internal combustion engine according to the third embodiment works as follows:

When the nozzles are opened, the locking device 6 of FIG. 4 rises and the fuel flows through the fuel supply channel 2 through the gap between the locking device 6 and the seat 3 into the screw grooves of the fuel flow swirling element 4 of FIGS. 4, 5, then into the swirling chamber 5, and then into the nozzle hole 19 of Fig. 4, 5 of the threaded sleeve 15, the swirling fuel stream exits and due to centrifugal forces breaks into finely dispersed dust, moreover, the shape of the fuel spray torch can be set not only by the angle of twisting of the screw grooves , but also with the length of the hole 19 in the threaded sleeve 15. Moreover, the threaded sleeve 1B simultaneously with the inner shoulder 14 of Figure 4 interacts with the elastic element 9 and the opening 19 acting as the nozzle of Figure 4, 5 with the cone 11 of Figure 4 of element 4, and determines the smoothness of setting the amount of fuel spill. when located in the saddle of FIGS. 4, 6 behind the locking device 6 of the inner shoulder 20 of FIG. 6 with an opening 21, and in the upper end of the fuel element swirling fuel 10

4, 5, 6, coaxially with the opening 21 of FIG. 6, the well 22, the fuel jet passing through the hole 21 interacts with the well 22 creates an ultrasonic whistle effect, the resulting ultrasonic vibrations contribute to a more complete mixing of fuel with air and, accordingly, more complete combustion fuel in the engine, which enhances fuel efficiency.

According to the presented technical solution, prototypes were made, tests were carried out to confirm the technical result.

Claims (4)

1. The atomizer fuel atomizer for an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow body with a fuel supply channel and a seat, a twisting device made in the form of parallel-mounted screw grooves and a twisting chamber, a locking device installed in a hollow body, and the screw grooves exit into the twisting chamber, characterized in that the nozzle sleeve is located in the saddle, interacting with an elastic element with an external collar, in which the element spinning the fuel jet is located with parallel helical grooves having a cone at the end facing the saddle, interacting with the nozzle hole located in the saddle, and the opposite end of the element spinning the fuel jet enters the twisting chamber, bounded by the inner shoulder of the nozzle sleeve, while the inner diameter of the shoulder of the nozzle sleeve is less than or equal to the diameter of the core of the element twisting the jet of fuel, and the outer thorium spray sleeve interacts with the inner thorium collar of the threaded sleeve, mounted on the external thread of the polo about housing. 2. A nozzle fuel atomizer for an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow body with a fuel supply channel and a seat, a locking device mounted in a hollow body, characterized in that a differentiating device is installed in the saddle, comprising a nozzle sleeve, interacting with an elastic element with an external shoulder, in which there is a differentiating jet of fuel pin, pressed into the sleeve with direct external grooves, which is pressed into the sleeve of the atomizer, and the differentiating pin has an attached to the saddle, the cone interacting with the nozzle hole located in the saddle, and at the opposite end, the cone differentiating the fuel jet, while the sprayer sleeve interacts with the external highlander with the inner thorium of the collar of the threaded sleeve mounted on the external thread of the hollow body. 3. A nozzle fuel atomizer for an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow body with a fuel supply channel and a seat, a twisting device made in the form of parallel-mounted screw grooves and a twisting chamber, a locking device mounted in a hollow body, and the screw grooves extending into the twisting chamber, characterized in that the element twisting the jet of fuel with parallel screw grooves is located in the axial bore of the saddle and has at the end facing the twisting chamber, images the space between it and the inner collar of the threaded sleeve, the cone interacting with the hole acting as a nozzle and located in the threaded sleeve mounted on the external thread of the hollow body, while the inner diameter of the hole of the threaded sleeve is less than or equal to the diameter of the core of the element twisting the fuel jet, and the elastic element is located between the inner thorium collar of the threaded sleeve and the seat. 4. The nozzle fuel atomizer for an internal combustion engine according to claim 3, characterized in that an inner collar with a hole is located in the saddle behind the shut-off device, and a well is located at the end of the fuel jet, which faces the hole coaxial with it, and there is a well between the hole and there is a clearance for the fuel to pass through the fuel flow swirling element.