RU40461U1 - UNIT SMALL CARTRIDGE - Google Patents

Abstract

A unitary small-caliber artillery cartridge containing an armor-piercing sub-caliber projectile with a heavy alloy core equipped with a tail feather located inside a shell filled with a powder propellant charge, in the bottom of which there is an igniter capsule with a fire-transfer tube, and the heavy-alloy core is reinforced with an aluminum plastic pallet, case with longitudinal grooves, characterized in that the pallet is split, the components of which will complement they are fastened with a bandage having jumpers of weakened cross section and placed in an annular groove of the central funnel of the front end of the pallet, which is rigidly connected to the heavy-alloy core by means of left-hand thread, and by means of a lock connection to the housing made in the form of a thin-walled tip, while communication sectors are distributed in the sectors of the pallet channels of the central funnel.

Description

The utility model relates to ammunition, and more specifically, to unitary small-caliber artillery cartridges with a sub-caliber armor-piercing shell, in the detachable pallet of which an arrow-shaped heavy alloy core having a tail plumage is placed.

The prior art in this area is characterized by a unitary small-caliber cartridge for automatic guns described in patent RU 2095735, F 42 B 5/02, 1997, which contains a detachable pallet fixed in the sleeve kinematically closed with a heavy-alloy core placed inside the plastic case.

The aluminum pan, on which the copper lead belt is fixed, is installed in a sleeve filled with a powder propellant charge, including an igniter capsule with a fire-transfer tube.

The protrusions at the end of the core are placed in adequate grooves of the ledge of the pallet, which ensures their radial mutual immobility when unwinding the projectile and the rifling of the barrel of the weapon, necessary for the longitudinal stabilization of the core in autonomous flight.

A tracer is strengthened on the bottom 3 of the core, the gaseous products of combustion of which fill the receiver of the pan and provide gas-dynamic axial separation from the core behind the muzzle section of the gun barrel.

The head part of the core has an anti-rheumatic conical stepped shape with two annular grooves-localizers of destructive deformations when they meet an obstacle into which a ballistic tip is rolled. In the interaction of a heavy alloy core with an obstacle, a deformation occurs, which is localized in the head part, and a consecutive kink occurs along the annular grooves. The resulting reaction forces in a kink, the core unfolds

normal to armor, which reduces the likelihood of a rebound and increases armor penetration.

The plastic shell of the projectile with internal longitudinal grooves is rigidly connected in structural unity with the metal profile sleeve adjacent to the conical head of the core and performing the functions of centering thickening of the projectile. Housing with pallet screwed threaded connection.

The calculated cross section of the bridges of the sleeve contributes to the uniform separation of the sector housing under the action of centrifugal forces of rotation of the projectile behind the muzzle and the separation of the pallet from the core by means of the internal pressure of the powder gases accumulated in it and the incoming air flow.

The disadvantages of this cartridge include low functional reliability and unsatisfactory indicators of the designation of the projectile for armor penetration.

The profile of the head of the core at critical meeting angles does not counteract the rebound.

The relatively low ratio of the length of the core to its diameter during stabilization by axial rotation reduces the accuracy of fire.

Large losses of kinetic energy due to the destruction of the massive body and gas-dynamic separation of the pallet reduce the core speed and, as a result, the armor penetration is reduced.

More perfect is the 30x173 mm PCM 287 unitary artillery cartridge for the US MK44 Chain Gun (see "Jane's Ammunition Handbook", 2001-2002, p.103), which is selected as the closest analogue to the proposed one by its technical nature and the number of matching features.

In the known cartridge, the swept-shaped heavy alloy core of the sub-caliber projectile has a large length and a rigidly fixed tail plumage, which is placed in the powder propellant

the charge of the liner, including the igniter capsule with a fire tube.

The core is mounted on an abutment in an aluminum pallet having longitudinal cuts, as voltage concentrators for separation into parts, and on which a plastic lead belt is fixed, which eliminates the characteristic copper plating of the grooves of the barrel channel, which negatively affects firing accuracy. Compared to copper, the destruction of the plastic belt occurs with less loss of kinetic energy developed by the propellant.

The plastic shell of the projectile, opened from the head end, is rigidly connected to the pallet and has inside the longitudinal grooves of a weakened section, along which it is destroyed by centrifugal forces of rotation and pressure of the incoming air flow behind the muzzle of the weapon barrel.

The plastic casing and the leading belt are formed on the pallet at the same time by injection molding, which is technologically advanced.

However, a disadvantage of the known cartridge is the relatively large loss of the initial speed of the core due to aerodynamic drag of the projectile caused by the delayed destruction of the massive body, pallet and girdle.

In this case, the core with the aerodynamic pointed shape of the head part has a tendency to ricochet when meeting with a barrier at angles other than normal.

All this significantly reduces the effectiveness of the main action of the ammunition, which is expressed in a decrease in the armor penetration of the core.

The objective to which the present utility model is directed is to increase the effectiveness of the main damaging effect of a unitary small-caliber artillery cartridge with a sub-caliber armor-piercing shell.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known unitary small-caliber artillery cartridge containing an armor-piercing sub-caliber projectile with a heavy alloy core, equipped with a tail feather, located inside a shell filled with powder propellant charge, in the bottom of which there is an igniter capsule with a flame-retardant tube, with a flame retardant heart tube, in an aluminum pallet carrying a plastic drive belt and a housing with longitudinal grooves, at the suggestion of the author , the pallet is split, the component sectors of which are additionally fastened with a bandage having jumpers of weakened cross-section and placed in the ring groove of the central funnel of the front end of the pallet, which is rigidly connected to the heavy-alloy core by means of left-hand thread, and by means of a lock connection to a body made in the form of a thin-walled tip while the communication channels of the central funnel are distributed in the sectors of the pallet.

Distinctive features ensured an increase in the basic technical characteristics of the cartridge: armor penetration of the core of a sub-projectile shell at long distances and at meeting angles with an obstacle without ricocheting.

The execution of the pallet split, the component sectors of which are additionally fastened with a metal bandage, reduces the effort and time for its aerodynamic separation from the core, which contributes to maintaining the initial velocity of the projectile.

The jumpers of the weakened section of the bandage are designed for its automatic separation under the pressure of the incoming air flow after the head of the projectile collapses behind the muzzle of the gun barrel.

The placement of the brace in the annular groove of the central funnel of the front end of the pallet is compact and functional, therefore

that the oncoming flow acts on the bandage directly, and then destroys the leading belt deformed in the grooves of the trunk by wedging, turning the sectors relative to the belt, without visible effort.

Performing in the front end of the sector pallet of the central funnel ensures automatic destruction of the bandage of the sectors of the open pallet due to braking the incoming air flow.

The connection of the pallet with the core by means of the left-hand thread makes it possible to maintain their relative longitudinal immobility when firing, since the pallet receives rotation in the opposite direction from the grooves of the barrel channel through the leading girdle and is jammed in connection with the core.

The helical surface of the core additionally creates a super-effect, increasing armor penetration due to the fact that when it encounters an obstacle, it acts as a localizer of fracture deformations, crushing discrete stepwise, preventing arbitrary destruction of the core itself, the penetration rate of which is reduced.

The execution of the plastic casing in the form of a thin-walled safety cap made it possible to reduce the ballast mass of the projectile, facilitating its separation into longitudinal parts almost immediately after the muzzle of the barrel. At the same time, an incoming air stream instantly divides the sectors of the pallet, freeing the core for autonomous flight to the target with a higher initial speed.

The spring properties of a thin-walled plastic tip allow the lock connection of their end protrusions to be used for mounting it on a pallet, which is structurally simple and functional. The communication channels distributed in the sectors of the pallet, ensure the penetration of powder gases from the burning propellant

charge inside the thin-walled tip, loading it with excessive pressure, which simplifies the separation along the longitudinal grooves into parts when leaving the bore under the action of centrifugal forces of rotation of the projectile. This reduces the loss of the initial speed of the core and contributes to an increase in armor penetration.

Consequently, each essential attribute is necessary, and their combination in a stable relationship is necessary to achieve a novelty of quality that is not inherent in the signs of disunity, that is, the task posed in the utility model is solved not by the sum of affects, but by the effect of the sum of its essential attributes.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing, which shows:

figure 1 - schematically unitary cartridge;

figure 2 - sub-caliber armor-piercing shell.

In the sleeve 1 (FIG. 1), equipped with an igniter capsule 2 with a fire transfer tube 3 and filled with a powder propellant charge 4, an aluminum tray 5 (FIGS. 1 and 2) is fixed by rolling into the cartridge groove 5 (FIGS. 1 and 2), inside of which there is a heavy-alloy core 7 made , in particular from an alloy of a residence permit or depleted uranium.

The core 7 has a rigidly fixed tail unit 8, located inside the sleeve 1, among the propellant propellant charge 4.

Inside the plumage 8 installed tracer 9, closed by a threaded washer 10.

The head part of the core 7 is made stepwise and closed by a ballistic fairing 11.

On the pallet 6, composed of radially mating sectors 12, are mounted a plastic drive belt 13 and a thin-walled tip 14 having longitudinal grooves 15, weakening the cross section through which the tip 14 is destroyed under loading.

In the front end of the sector pallet, a central

a funnel 16 aerodynamic braking, which has communication channels 17 distributed in sectors 12.

Sectors 12 are additionally connected by a metal bandage 18, which is installed in the annular groove 19 of the funnel 16. The bandage 18 has jumpers of weakened section (not shown conventionally in the drawing), through which it collapses when loading the pallet 6 from the inside.

The cartridge operates as follows. When fired by a pulse from the igniter capsule 2 through the fire-transfer tube 3, the propellant charge powder 4 is ignited from the center, during combustion of which the pressure of gaseous products increases sharply inside the sleeve 1, some of which breaks through the belt 13 and then through the channels 17 enter the tip 14, realizing it boost. The powder gases generated during the combustion of the propellant charge 4 ignite the pyrotechnic composition of the tracer 9, the combustion products of which are consumed through the gas-dynamic hole of the washer 10.

The pressure of the powder gases on the pallet 6, the projectile is removed from the sleeve 1, receiving axial rotation when passing through the rifling of the channel of the barrel of the weapon through the leading belt 13, which forms a screw pair.

Rigidly connected to the pallet 6 by a thread of the opposite direction to the rifling of the barrel of the weapon, the core 7 receives linear acceleration of movement.

Behind the muzzle of the barrel of the weapon, the tip 14 under the action of pressurization and centrifugal forces of rotation of the projectile is destroyed along the grooves 15, revealing the ballistic fairing 11 and the pallet 6.

By the pressure of the incident air flow on the central funnel 16 and the rotational moment of the projectile rotation, the bandage 18 is destroyed along the webs of weakened section, as a result of which the sectors 12 are wedged and break the lead belt 13 along the jumpers from the formed

in the rifling barrel.

Next, the swept armor-piercing core 7 on the trajectory flies autonomously, longitudinally oriented by the tail plumage 8, through which the center of pressure is displaced beyond the center of mass.

When meeting with the target, the cowl 11 is crushed, and the core 7 with the head step crashes into the barrier and turns in the opposite direction, normal to the surface. In this case, the head stage of the core 7 breaks off, localizing lateral deformations, and the core 7 itself dynamically penetrates the obstacle, punching it.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with identified analogues of the prior art, from which the utility model does not explicitly follow for the ammunition specialist, showed that it is not known, but taking into account the possibility of industrial serial production of a unitary small-caliber cartridge with a subcaliber shell having a heavy-alloy swept core , we can conclude the patentability.

Claims (1)

A unitary small-caliber artillery cartridge containing an armor-piercing sub-caliber projectile with a heavy alloy core equipped with a tail feather located inside a shell filled with a powder propellant charge, in the bottom of which there is an igniter capsule with a fire-transfer tube, and the heavy-alloy core is reinforced with an aluminum plastic pallet, case with longitudinal grooves, characterized in that the pallet is split, the components of which will complement they are fastened with a bandage having jumpers of weakened cross section and placed in an annular groove of the central funnel of the front end of the pallet, which is rigidly connected to the heavy-alloy core by means of left-hand thread, and by means of a lock connection to the housing made in the form of a thin-walled tip, while communication sectors are distributed in the sectors of the pallet channels of the central funnel.