RU332U1 - Device for removing harmful emissions from the room - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for removing harmful emissions from the premises, containing a floor exhaust grill located on an exhaust channel connected to a hydraulic filter, consisting of followers of connected sections with drain elements, to the output of which an exhaust duct with an exhaust fan is connected, characterized in that it is additionally introduced into it hatches with removable covers installed in the openings of the side walls of the hydraulic filter sections, a droplet separator located in the upper section of the hydraulic filter, a backup exhaust fan under open parallel to the main exhaust fan, exhaust shafts connected to the exits of the exhaust fans, a closed water circulation system including a settling bath with a strainer located in its lower zone, to the bottom of the casing of which there is an outlet pipe branching into two parallel pipelines with centrifugal knives built into them and valves connected to an exhaust pipe that is connected to a distribution pipe c. nozzles located above the drain tray located above the upper drain element, and holes are made in the upper wall of the settling bath, one of which has a floor exhaust grill, and a hydraulic filter is located above the other. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drain element of the electrostatic precipitator is made in the form of a flat shelf, the end section of which is located at an acute angle to a horizontal surface. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end sections of the flat shelves protrude above the plane passing through the center of the hydraulic filter housing. 4. The device

Description

Device for removing harmful emissions from the room

The utility model relates to ventilation and can be used in devices for removing harmful emissions from a room, mainly from industrial premises, in which, during technological processes, harmful emissions are formed in the form of vapors, aerosols, dust and other pollution products, for example, in large-sized painting areas products.

A device for removing harmful emissions resulting from technological processes, containing a perforated panel, located below it an air intake channel with a movable air receiver installed in it with a tray filled with water, and a hydraulic filter connected to the exhaust system / see Auth. St. USSR No. 996436, class F24F 7/06, 1981 /.

The disadvantages of the known device are the low degree of maintainability, due to the difficulty of access to various components of the device during preventive repairs, and the significant consumption of tap water consumed in the process of air purification from harmful emissions. In the known device, the water that has captured the harmfulness, in the process of air purification in the air intake channel and in the hydraulic filter, is drained into the exhaust pipe,

1 93009884

MKI5 F 24 F 7/04

located under them, from where it enters the sewer system. The absence in the known device of a water regeneration system for purification of air from harmful substances leads to a very significant consumption of water used for purification / of the order of several tons per hour /.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a device for removing harmful emissions, containing a floor exhaust grill located above the exhaust channel connected to the hydraulic filter, consisting of series-connected sections with drain elements, to the outlet of which an exhaust duct with an exhaust fan / is connected. Auth. St. USSR No. 600356, class F24F 7/10, 1976 /.

The disadvantages of the known device are the low degree of purification of air from harmful emissions, a significant consumption of water consumed in the cleaning process, and a low degree of maintainability.

The low degree of air purification in the known device is determined by the considerable length of the exhaust channel connecting the floor exhaust grill to the hydraulic filter, and the significant ablation of droplets formed in the hydraulic filter into the exhaust duct. The aerodynamic resistance of the exhaust duct increases as a result, which leads to a decrease in the speed of the cleaned air flow and a corresponding decrease in the degree of air purification. In the known device during the cleaning process, a significant amount of water is consumed, since water that has captured harmful emissions during the interaction with

air in the hydraulic filter, simply merges into the forward flow, located under the hydraulic filter, and there is no system for its regeneration. In addition, the known has low maintainability, due to the difficulty of access to its various components and parts in the process of preventive maintenance. So, to clean the inner walls of the channel in the hydraulic filter, it is necessary to dismantle all its sections and their subsequent assembly / after cleaning /.

The claimed utility model is aimed at: increasing the degree of maintainability due to changes in the design of the device, allowing to accelerate the process of installation and dismantling; increasing the degree of air purification by improving the design through the introduction of new components and systems and their new combination; reduced consumption of water due to the introduction of a closed water circulation system.

The goal is achieved in a utility model for removing harmful impurities from a room containing a floor exhaust grill located above an exhaust channel connected to a hydraulic filter, consisting of series connected to a hydraulic filter, consisting of series-connected sections with drain elements, to the outlet of which an exhaust duct with an exhaust fan, while hatches with removable covers installed in the openings of the side walls of the sections of the hydraulic filter are additionally introduced into it , droplet eliminator located in the upper section of the hydraulic filter, redundant exhaust fan connected

parallel to the main exhaust fan, exhaust shafts connected to the exits of the exhaust fans, and a closed water circulation system, including a settling bath with a strainer located in its lower zone, to the bottom of the body, which is connected to a pipe branching into two parallel pipelines with built-in them by centrifugal pumps and valves connected to the exhaust pipe, which is connected to the distribution pipe with pipes located above the drain tray located on upper discharge member, wherein the top wall of the settling bath openings, one of which is located outdoor air grille, and is located above the other Filter; while preferably: the drain element of the hydraulic filter is made in the form of a shelf, the end section of which is located at an acute angle to a horizontal surface; end sections of flat shelves protrude above a plane passing through the center of the hydraulic filter housing, distributed along the length of the end section; flat shelves are installed at an angle of 15-20 degrees relative to the horizontal surface; the mesh filter is made in the form of a case in the form of a box, in the opening of which there is a cassette containing a rectangular shell with a grill fixed in its base, a filter layer of powder material located between two grids, and a removable grill placed on the upper grid, while handles are attached to the upper wall of the shell; the casing is provided with an upper wall with openings, along the perimeter of which corners are fixed, while the cassettes are equipped with corners attached to the shell and are installed in the wall openings; the droplet separator is made in the form of corrugated sheets arranged in parallel and installed in the hollow of a rectangular case, on the outer surface of which the handles are fixed.

In the claimed device, the introduction of hatches with removable covers installed in the openings of the side walls of each section of the hydraulic filter, the process of preventive repair is greatly facilitated. For example, periodic / approximately once every month / cleaning of the inner walls of the hydraulic filter channel and its drain shelves from deposits arising during the cleaning process is carried out by removing the covers, after which the workers have free access to the cleaned surfaces of the hydraulic filter. An increase in the degree of repairability is facilitated by the implementation of a strainer with a case in the form of a box, in the openings of which cassettes with filtering material are installed, since the cassettes are easily removed by handles attached to the upper wall of the shell. The implementation of the filter housing with an upper wall with holes along the perimeter of which corners are fixed, makes it easier to remove the cartridges, and ensures the universality of the design through the use of a set of identical cartridges, changing only their number in the mesh filters of various sizes. The degree of maintainability is also enhanced by the use of a backup centrifugal fan with a valve built into the pipe connected to the strainer, since preventive maintenance is disconnected during preventive maintenance of the centrifugal

cash desk can be carried out during the operation of the device, using the inclusion of a parallel-connected "standby centrifugal pump. Similarly, the introduction of a backup fan and a second exhaust shaft allows for preventive repair of the exhaust fan, which also accelerates the process of preventive repair and the quality of the repair work.

An increase in the degree of air purification from harmful emissions is facilitated by the introduction of a bath slurry with the formation of an exhaust channel in a cavity with a floor exhaust grill and under a bath slurry wall connecting it to the hydraulic filter housing, since when interacting from harmful emissions when they are absorbed by the surface of the water filling the settling bath. The execution of the drain elements in the form of shelves with end sections inclined at an acute angle makes it possible to create a series of water curtains in the hydraulic filter, and at the same time there is a multiple interaction of the cleaned air with these curtains. Improving the discharge of water from the shelves is facilitated by placing them at an angle of 15-20 degrees relative to the horizon. When the angle of inclination is less than 15 degrees, there is no significant increase in the rate of draining water from the shelf, and when the angle of inclination is more than 20 degrees, the rate of discharge becomes unacceptably large, which can lead to a violation of the water curtain. The introduction of partitions uniformly distributed along the end length contributes to an increase in the homogeneity of the water curtain and its interaction.

go site, because water flowing from the shelves evenly spreads between the partitions and flows in the form of separate jets. The introduction of a droplet of a separator located in the upper section of the hydraulic filter provides an additional increase in the degree of air purification, since individual droplets carried away by the air stream after passing through the last water curtain are almost completely retained by the droplet of the separator. Increasing the efficiency of the carrier drop contributes to its implementation in the form of corrugated parallel sheets, since there is a multiple reflection of the incoming gas stream from the corrugations and at the same time provides insignificant aerodynamic resistance to the incoming air stream. The increase in the reliability of fixing corrugated sheets is facilitated by the introduction of the upper wall of the housing with the placement of cassettes of corrugated sheets in them, which in turn increases the efficiency of droplet separation.

The attached drawings depict: FIG. 1-general view of the device for removing harmful emissions from the premises / in isometric view /; figure 2 is a cross section of a hydraulic filter; Fig. Cross-sectional drop of a separator; figure 4 is a top view of a drop of separator with cassettes of corrugated sheets; Fig.7-mesh filter / top view /; Fig-drain elements / top view /; Fig.9 drain element / cross section /.

A device for removing harmful emissions from rooms contains: a hydraulic filter, consisting of series-connected sections-1,2,3, in housings-4 of which drain elements 5 are placed, having inclined sections-6, a drain tray-7, with a discharge drain element-8 and droplet separator-9, made in the form of a rectangular case, in which corrugated sheets-11 are fixed, installed in the openings of the side walls of hatches-12, on which removable covers-14 are located through gaskets-13; slop bath-15; in the opening of the upper wall, which houses the floor exhaust grill-16, and in the lower zone there is a strainer-17, to the bottom of which there is an outlet pipe-18, branching into two parallel pipelines with built-in centrifugal pumps-19.20, reverse valves-21.22 and valves-23.24, while the parallel-connected pipelines -25.26 are connected to the exhaust pipe-27, which is connected to the distribution pipe28 with nozzles-29 evenly distributed along its length, located above the drain tray m-7; the outlet duct-30 branches into two lines, including exhaust fans 31.32 and exhaust shafts-33.34 with umbrellas-35.36; wherein each strainer-17 includes a cassette made of rectangular shell 37, at the base of which a grid-38 is fixed, a filter layer-39 of powder material located between two grids-40.41, and a removable grill-42, handles-43, attached to the shell-37; while the cassettes are located in the housing-44, in the upper wall-45 of which holes 46 are made, in which the cassettes are installed; while the settling bath-15 is equipped with an inlet pipe-47 branching into two pipelines with valves-48.49, an outlet pipe-50 with a valve-51 and a restriction pipe-52, which are connected to the output pipe-53; the drain shelves-5 are equipped with partitions-54 and are fixed on the rails-55 attached to the wall of the housing of the hydraulic filter-4, the droplet separator-10 is mounted on the support rails56.

The hydraulic filter is made in the form of sections-1,2,3, which are arranged in series and docked through the sealing gaskets. The drain elements, made in the form of flat shelves-5, are located one above the other, alternately on the opposite inner walls of the hydraulic filter-4 / cm. Fig. 2/, forming an air-washing channel of the hydraulic filter. The end sections-6 of the drain shelves-5 are located at an angle of 15-20 degrees relative to the horizontal surface, while the end sections-6 are placed so that they protrude above the plane passing through the center of the hydraulic filter parallel to the walls on which the drain shelves-5 are placed . The drain tray-7 is made in the form of a box with a discharge drain element-8, made in the form of an inclined plate placed above the upper drain shelf-5. Hatches-12 are installed in the openings of the side walls of the hydraulic filter-4. The corrugated sheets-11 of the droplet separator-9 are preferably made of corrosion-resistant materials, for example, nickel or stainless steel.

The distance between the corrugations should be selected with a value of several mm., Because this ensures low aerodynamic drag, and the corrugations should be placed at an angle of 40-45 degrees with respect to the horizon, which provides the best separation of drops. Removable covers-14 are connected to hatches-12 through gaskets-13, which are preferably made of alkali-resistant rubber.

Holes are made in the upper wall of the bath-15, in one of which a floor exhaust grill-16 is installed, and a hydraulic filter-1,2,3 is installed above the other hole. In the lower zone of the settling bath-15, a mesh filter-17.3 is placed. The closed water circulation system is formed by a settling bath-15, the bottom of the mesh filter housing-44 in which is connected to the outlet pipe, a centrifugal pump-19, a check valve-21, valve-23, pipeline-25 and exhaust pipe-27 connected to the distribution pipe-28 with pipes-29, which is located above the drain tray-7 / cm. FIG. 1 /. In parallel with the main centrifugal pump-26 and pipeline-25 with a non-return valve-21, a backup centrifugal pump-20 with a pipeline-26 with a non-return valve-22 and a valve-24 is installed.

An outlet duct-30 connected to an exhaust fan-31 is connected to the upper section of the hydrofilter-3, the output of which is connected to an exhaust shaft-33 equipped with an umbrella.35 A parallel rubber exhaust fan-32 is connected in parallel with the exhaust pump-31, the input of which is connected to the exhaust duct -30, and the exit is to the exhaust shaft-34, equipped with an umbrella Zb. The mesh filter-17 contains a box-shaped body-44, in the upper wall-45 of which there are holes-46, the corners of which are fixed around the perimeter / see figure 6/ while the cassettes are placed in the holes. Each cassette includes a rectangular shell-37, to the lower wall of which a grating-38 is attached,

for example, by welding, a filter layer-39 made of a powder material, for example, coke or activated carbon, located between two grids-40.41 made of a corrosion-resistant material, for example, nickel or stainless. Art., And the upper removable grill-42. At the same time, handles-43 are attached to the shell-37 in its upper zone or to the corners that can be attached to the upper part of the shell. An outlet pipe-18 is installed in one part of the filter case-44. Control and automation unit / not shown in the drawing / - standard version.

The claimed device for removing harmful emissions from the premises works as follows. When painting products located on the floor exhaust grill-16, air captures the released harmful substances / paint particles, solvent vapors, etc. / and under the influence of the vacuum created by the exhaust fan-31, enters the exhaust channel formed completely between the floor grill-16, the wall surface of the settling chamber-15 connecting the holes, and the surface of the liquid filling the settling chamber-15. The incoming gas stream interacts with the surface of the water filling the settling bath-15 and partially absorbs harmful emissions, i.e. polluted air passes the first stage of purification. Then the cleaned air enters the lower section of the hydraulic filter-1. In the hydrofilter, water from the outlet drain element flows onto the upper flat shelf-5, and the first

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water curtain. Further, water from the end portion-6 of the upper shelf flows to the underlying flat shelf-5, and a flat trickle hits the surface of the layer covering this shelf, which causes the movement of this layer. The streams flowing from the end sections-6 of the flat shelves-5 create a system of water curtains. At the entrance to the lower section of the hydraulic filter-1, the polluted air entering it interacts with the lower water curtain, and partial absorption of harmful emissions occurs. Further, the air flow passes through the air-washing channel of the hydraulic filter, while the contaminated stream interacts sequentially with the water curtains, which act as sequentially arranged filters, and provides more and more complete cleaning of the air from harmful emissions. In this case, there is a constant change in the direction of the gas stream and due to its dispersion, a more complete distribution of air over the cross section of the air-washing channel occurs, which helps to improve the efficiency of air purification from harmful emissions. In the upper section of the hydrofilter-3, when droplet separator-9 passes, the droplets carried away by the gas stream are separated, and when the air stream interacts with the corrugated sheets-11, the air stream is almost completely released from the droplets. Thus, the cleaned air undergoes additional processing. From the hydraulic filter, air enters the outlet air duct-30 and then, under the influence of the vacuum created by the exhaust fan-31, the cleaned air is supplied to the exhaust shaft-33 and is discharged through the umbrella-35 into the surrounding atmosphere. Thus, the harmful emissions generated during the painting of products in the area of the floor exhaust grill-16 are removed, while fresh air is continuously supplied to this zone using the supply fan / not shown in the drawing / installed in the wall of the production room.

In the process of air from harmful emissions, the process of purification of water used in the settling bath-15 is constantly carried out at the same time, into which it merges from the lower flat shelf-5. After the strainer-17 has been circulated, water purified from harmful substances enters the outlet pipe-18, from where it is supplied by a centrifugal pump-19 to the distribution pipe28 and then goes to the drain stream-7.

When carrying out preventive repairs, all necessary work is carried out very quickly. So, to repair the strainer, the floor exhaust grill-16 is shifted, and after removing water from the settling bath, the cassettes are removed for handles-43 and replaced with new ones. To clean the inner surfaces of the housing of the hydraulic filter-4, the covers-14 of the hatches-12 are removed, and free access to the cleaned surfaces is provided.

In comparison with the known devices for removing harmful emissions from the premises, the claimed utility model allows for a higher degree of air purification due to preliminary air purification from harmful emissions in the exhaust duct, repeated interaction of the cleaned air flow with water curtains in the hydrofilter and its additional purification

in a drop separator. In the claimed utility model, the consumption of water consumed in the process of air purification is significantly reduced, since a closed water circulation system is formed with constant regeneration of water in the system. The device’s maintainability has been significantly improved due to the introduction of hatches with removable covers, the cassette design of the mesh filter, the introduction of a backup-centrifugal pump and an exhaust fan.

The claimed utility model can be used in various production facilities, the implementation of technological processes in which is associated with the appearance of harmful emissions, mainly in areas of painting large-sized products or when painting a large number of products.

A prototype of the claimed utility model of a device for removing harmful emissions from a room with an air capacity of 5000 m3 / h was manufactured and successfully tested in December 1992 at the Car Repair Plant No. 6 of Moscow. Technical documentation has been prepared, which is approved by the Sanitary and Epidemiological Station and the Fire Inspectorate of Moscow, for the manufacture of devices for removing emissions from the premises with an air capacity of 10,000 m3 / h and 25,000 m3 / h, the production of which is scheduled for 1993-1994.

Technical documentation is being prepared for a device for removing harmful emissions from premises having an air capacity of 15,000 m3 / h and 30,000 m3 / h, which will be manufactured in 1994-1995.

Claims (9)

1. A device for removing harmful emissions from the premises, containing a floor exhaust grill located on an exhaust channel connected to a hydraulic filter, consisting of followers of connected sections with drain elements, to the output of which an exhaust duct with an exhaust fan is connected, characterized in that it is additionally introduced into it hatches with removable covers installed in the openings of the side walls of the hydraulic filter sections, a droplet separator located in the upper section of the hydraulic filter, a backup exhaust fan under open parallel to the main exhaust fan, exhaust shafts connected to the exits of the exhaust fans, a closed water circulation system including a settling bath with a strainer located in its lower zone, to the bottom of the casing of which there is an outlet pipe branching into two parallel pipelines with centrifugal knives built into them and valves connected to an exhaust pipe that is connected to a distribution pipe c. nozzles located above the drain tray located above the upper drain element, and holes are made in the upper wall of the settling bath, and one of them has a floor exhaust grill, and a hydraulic filter is located above the other. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the drain element of the electrostatic precipitator is made in the form of a flat shelf, the end section of which is located at an acute angle to a horizontal surface. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the end sections of the flat shelves protrude above the plane passing through the center of the hydraulic filter housing. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that on the upper surface of the flat shelf, partitions are placed evenly distributed along the length of the end section. 5. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that the flat shelves are installed at an angle of 15 - 20 ° with respect to the horizontal surface. 6. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the strainer is made in the form of a box-shaped body, in the opening of which a cassette is installed, containing a rectangular shell with a grid fixed in its base, a filter layer of powder material located between two grids, and a removable grill placed on the upper grid, while the handles are attached to the upper wall of the shell. 7. The device according to p. 6, characterized in that the housing is provided with an upper wall with holes along the perimeter of which corners are fixed, while the cassettes are provided. corners attached to the shell, and installed in the holes of the wall. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the droplet separator is made in the form of corrugated sheets arranged in parallel and installed in the opening of a rectangular case, on the outer surface of which the handles are fixed. 9. The device according to p. 8, characterized in that the droplet separator is made in the form of a set of corrugated elements placed on the support strips.