RU31481U1 - Balloon cable system for skidding and moving cargo - Google Patents

Description

Balloon cable system for skidding and moving cargo

The technical solution relates to special vehicles, and in particular, to means for moving cargo and skidding during timber harvesting, mainly in difficult terrain, on mountain cutting areas and on plain cutting areas having soils with low bearing capacity.

A known installation for cable skidding of wood raw materials, containing a winch skidder with cargo and return ropes, forming a closed loop through the guide blocks, a load-carrying body, made in the form of a cargo trolley with a chassis located between the traction and return ropes. The load-carrying body has a shield pivotally fixed with the middle part on the axis of the uniaxial wheeled trolley, the winch cargo and return ropes can interact with each other in the truck trolley zone by means of a movable pulley block with a cargo hook and chokers, the shield is equipped with a system of vertical and horizontal guiding freight rope blocks and hinged ladder with a latch providing for the loading of trees onto a cargo trolley and the movement of the cargo trolley in the idle direction (see item, RU, No. 2178967, IPC A01G 23 / 02,23 / 00 // V61V 7/02, 7/00 )

The disadvantages of the known installation are the complexity of the design and maintenance, large metal consumption.

In addition, the use of the installation on mountain cutting areas and on flat cutting areas with low bearing capacity of soils is somewhat limited due to the increased specific pressure on the ground of a cart with a bundle of trees or whips when it is moved by a hoist rope to a loading point.

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due to the limited length of the skidding, as well as the frequent collapse of the cables of the winch mechanism.

Closest to the claimed one is a balloon rope installation for skidding wood in hard-to-reach places at a distance of about 360 m, including a tethered aerostat aerostat, a twin-drum winch mounted on a truck, connected to the aerostat by a cable-block system consisting of a traction and return traction branches a holding rope, a tethered rope and a cargo suspension, as well as a cargo jumper. The traction branch of the traction and holding rope is attached at one end to the winch's cargo drum, and at the other end to the connecting frame, and the return branch is attached at one end to the connecting frame, passed through the end, guide, holding blocks and attached to the winch return drum, while the installation uses steel ropes of a cable-block system, and inert gas — helium to fill the balloon shell — see helium harvesting in the mountainous regions of the USSR and abroad. - Under the general editorship of MV Kanevsky and KI Voronitsh. M. : “L snaya prompplennost -. 1974. - s.250-251).

A disadvantage of the known installation is the low efficiency of controlling the operation of the installation due to the use of mechanical control of the winch, remote from the place of the choker wood, increasing the time of skidding and, accordingly, the cost of work.

In addition, the high cost of work due to the use of expensive gas - helium to fill the balloon shell and the use of an aerodynamic balloon that is difficult to control and provides great resistance to wind, which increases the time of skidding.

In addition, the reduced capacity of the installation, due to the additional load on the balloon from the high dead weight of the steel ropes of the cable system.

The disadvantages also include the low reliability of the installation due to the frequent breakage of the cargo rope at the time of the beginning of the lifting of the cargo.

The technical result of the claimed technical solution is to increase the efficiency of controlling mechanisms by introducing a radio remote control system for winches, increasing the load-carrying capacity and reliability of work while reducing the cost of work.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the aerostat-rope system for skidding and moving cargo, including a tethered gas aerostat with cargo suspension, a winch mechanism associated with an aerostat cable-block system, including branches of the traction and holding rope, while the winch mechanism includes three or four hydraulic single-drum winches with a radio-remote control system located on the ground at a distance of 2-3 km from each other at the vertices of a triangle or quadrangle, respectively or in a straight line, depending on the terrain, the branches of the traction and holding rope consist of three or four traction and return ropes, one end of each of which is attached to the drum of the corresponding winch, and the second to the cargo suspension via a swivel, the balloon is made in the form of " a bulbous shape and is additionally equipped with a flexible shock absorber installed between the balloon shell and the cargo suspension, moreover, polyurethane-based fabric is used to make the balloon shell, and phlegmatis is used to fill the balloon shell hydrogenated, while a synthetic cable is used as the ropes of the cable-block system and the cargo suspension.

Comparison of the proposed technical solution with the prototype allowed us to establish the presence of distinctive features from it. Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "NOVELTY. The placement of winches on the terrain at a great distance (2-3 km) at the vertices of a triangle or quadrangle respectively or on the same line depending on the terrain provides increased efficiency in controlling the mechanisms of the system located on a large cutting area, acceleration of skidding with a reduced number of staff , reducing the cost of work. The balloon is molded-controlled due to its “onion-shaped shape, which reduces skidding, with a shell made of a more durable material - polyurethane-based fabric, as well as the use of cable-block system and heavy-duty suspension cable as pull-return ropes rope made of synthetic materials, which reduces the weight load on the balloon and improves the reliability of the cable-block system, as well as the introduction of a flexible shock absorber between the balloon shell and the cargo suspension, which reduces load on the hoist rope at the time of rise of cargo and eliminates it open, improves the carrying capacity and reliability of the system, reducing the cost of the work. In addition, the use of cheaper and affordable phlegmatized hydrogen (with the addition of an inhibitor that eliminates the dangerous properties of hydrogen) for filling the balloon shell also significantly reduces the cost of work. Figure 1 - General view of the aerostat-cable system, including four winches located in the vertices of the quadrangle when it is placed in the mountains. Figure 2 - General view of the aerostat-cable system, including three winches located in a line when it is placed in the mountains. In Fig.3 - a General view of the aerostatio-rope system, including three winches located in the vertices of the triangle when it is placed on a flat terrain. The aerostat-rope system for skidding and non-moving cargo includes a tethered gas balloon 1 in the form of a “bulbous shape. On the shell of the balloon 1 fixed suspension 2, equipped with load gripping hooks, and between the cargo

A flexible shock absorber 3 is installed in suspension 2 and the balloon’s shell. The balloon’s shell is made of polyurethane-based fabric and filled with hydrogen with an inhibitor, for example, AKAM Inl or AKAM 1p2 to eliminate the dangerous properties of hydrogen. In addition, the system includes a winch mechanism consisting of three or four hydraulic single-drum winches 4,5,6,7, the hydraulic motors of which are electric or driven by the vehicle’s power take-off shaft (KAMAZ, URAL, MAZ), on which each winch is placed .

On the terrain, hydraulic single-drum winches 4,5,6,7 are located at the vertices of a triangle (Fig. 3) or a quadrangle (Fig. 1) or in a straight line (Fig. 2) depending on the terrain at a distance of 2-3 km from each other .

Winch control is carried out remotely via a radio channel using the remote control by one operator located in the cutting area or at the unloading point. The main radio antenna is suspended under the shell of the aerostat, and auxiliary antennas are located on each winch.

The winch mechanism of the system is connected to the balloon 1 cable-block system, including three or four traction and return ropes 8,9,10,11. One end of each traction and return rope 8,9,10,11 is stored on the drum of the corresponding winch 4,5,6,7, and the second end is mounted on the cargo suspension 2 through the swivel. As the ropes of the cable-block system and the cargo suspension, a synthetic cable based on, for example, Kevlar or Dacron is used. In addition, the cable-block system includes end and

guide blocks 12,13 etc. The number of blocks depends on the terrain and type of work.

Skidding of forests on flat or mountainous areas with a balloon-rope system with a different number and arrangement of winches (FIG. 2, FIG. 2, FIG. 3) is carried out as follows.

hydrogen. On the shell, the cargo suspension 2 is fixed through the shock absorber 3. Then, one of the tow-return ropes 8,9,10,11 is fixed on the cargo suspension 2 through the swivel. To move the aerostat to a certain height, it is removed from the anchor, the operator using the remote control remotely through the radio channel removes all the winches 4,5,6,7 from the brake, while the winch drums work to unwind, and the aerostat rises to a certain height. Then the operator, with the combined action of the winches 4,5,6,7, moves the balloon 1 to the desired point on the cutting area and turns on all the winches to wind the traction and return ropes 8,9,10,11 onto the drums, lowers the balloon to the ground and delivers 2 the place of the choker. The chokers fix the prepared logs with hooks, forming a bundle of them on the cargo suspension 2. After the chocking has occurred, the operator removes the winch from the brakes, and the aerostat 1 lifts the bundle of logs to a height of 30-100 m to move it to place of loading (to the upper warehouse). The movement of the balloon 1 with a pack of logs to the place of unloading is also carried out by the combined action of winches 4,5,6,7 with remote control of the winches by the operator. After releasing the cargo suspension 2 from the logs in the upper warehouse, the operator, with the combined action of the winches 4,5,6,7, moves the balloon 1 to the next place on the cutting area for chocking wood, and the cycle repeats.

A closed cable-block system, driven by winches, allows the balloon to travel on the ground up to 3 km at a lift height of up to 500 m. The balloon is operated at a wind force of up to 15 m / s, the balloon can be parked at the ground with a wind force of up to 25 m / s

Having finished logging in a certain cutting area, winches 4,5,6,7 are moved to next positions along the logging front with a balloon placed over the next cutting area. The movement of the winches is carried out, for example, by a vehicle as follows. First, the pull-return ropes 9.10 (FIG. 2, FIG. 3) of two winches or the pull-return ropes 9,10,11 are disconnected from the cargo suspension 2 of the aerostat 1

(FIG. 1) of three winches and knead them on the drums of the winches, leaving the balloon 1 held by the traction and return rope 8 of the winch 4. The winches 5,6,7 are not moved to new positions with the vehicle on which they are mounted. The balloon 1 (when moving to a distance of not more than 10 km) is moved to new positions with the help of a car on which the winch 4 is mounted. When moving to a distance of more than 10 km, gas is downloaded from the balloon and its shell is transported to a new cutting area.

Similarly, the aerostat-rope system is used to move cargo, for example, blocks for building a dam of a hydroelectric power station, while, for example, four hydraulic single-drum winches have two on each bank, the pull-return ropes of the winches are mounted on the cargo suspension of the aerostat and, remotely controlled by to the radio channel by the combined action of the winches, they carry out the movement of the aerostat with the cargo suspension to the place where the blocks were captured, moving it with the load to a specific place on the dam for profit Pieces of blocks.

When unloading a barge or ship in an unequipped place without the construction of a berth, for example, two hydraulic single-drum winches are located on the shore, and one winch on a barge or ship, which must be unloaded by remote control by radio the combined action of the winches, moves the aerostat with cargo suspension to the barge or a ship to capture cargo and move it to the place of loading on shore.

The aerostat-rope system for skidding and moving the cargo, providing a low cost of work, the speed of their implementation with increased load-carrying capacity and reliability, will find a wide industrial application.

Claims (1)

Balloon cable system for skidding and moving cargo, including a tethered gas balloon with cargo suspension, a winch mechanism connected to a balloon with a cable-block system including branches of a traction and holding rope, characterized in that the winch mechanism includes three or four hydraulic single-drum winches with a radio-remote control system located on the ground at a distance of 2-3 km from each other at the vertices of a triangle or quadrangle, respectively, or in a straight line, depending on terrain, branches of the traction and holding rope consist of three or four traction and return ropes, one end of each of which is attached to the drum of the corresponding winch, and the second to the cargo suspension through a swivel, the balloon is made in the form of a “bulbous” shape and is additionally equipped with a flexible a shock absorber installed between the balloon shell and the cargo suspension, moreover, polyurethane-based fabric is used to make the balloon shell, and phlegmatized hydrogen is used to fill the balloon shell, while as the ropes of the cable-block system and cargo suspension, a synthetic cable is used.