RU31281U1 - Ultrasonic scanning device (options) - Google Patents

Description

The utility model relates to devices for non-destructive testing of materials and products using ultrasonic echo pulses by measuring wall thickness and length of objects under study, detecting material defects of objects, in particular, corrosion and crack-like defects, as well as detecting geometry defects (profile, wall thickness) controlled items. The device can be used to control the thickness of sheet material, the walls of pipes and pipelines. It is preferable to use the claimed devices for monitoring long objects, when it is necessary to transport the scanning system over long distances, for example, acquisition of trunk

oil and gas pipelines.

The prior art device for ultrasonic testing of materials (RF patent RU2075074 dated 03/10/97, IPC: G01 N29 / 04), containing a series-connected modulating voltage generator, a radio signal modulator, an emitting ultrasonic transducer, as well as a series-connected receiving ultrasonic transducer, an analog multiplier , input amplifier, RF filter and indicator. One of the outputs of the modulating voltage generator is connected through a delay element to one of the inputs of the analog multiplier and to one of the inputs of the input amplifier.

The advantage of the device is that the input of the amplifier is electrically isolated from the high-voltage output of the generator (several hundred volts) and the modulator. However, the use of a pair of electro-acoustic transducers for emitting and receiving ultrasonic pulses leads to the fact that the transducers occupy more space than the receiving-emitting transducers, and in conditions of limited space in which the scanning device can be placed, for example, during in-line scanning, the use of pairs of transducers additionally limits the number converters that can be placed.

A device for ultrasonic testing of materials is known (UK application GB2090413 from 07.07.82, IPC: G01 N29 / 04; US patent US4055990 from 01.11.77, IPC: G01 N29 / 00; UK application GB2105465 from 03.23.83, IPC: G01 N29 / 04), containing a serially connected clock generator, a probe pulse generator, an ultrasonic receiving-emitting transducer, a receiving-amplifying module, a shaper. In this case, the output of the generator is connected both to the ultrasonic transducer and to the input of the amplifier circuit.

Also known is a device for ultrasonic non-destructive testing of pipes (US patent US5062300 from 05.11.91, IPC: G01 N29 / 06), comprising a synchronizer, a probe pulse generator, a multiplexer, ultrasound transducers, a receiving amplifier. In this case, the output of the generator is connected to the input of the amplifier path, and also through the multiplexer is connected to ultrasonic transducers. The control output of the probe pulse generator is connected to the control input of the multiplexer. The outputs of the synchronizer are connected to the control inputs of the multiplexer and the probe pulse generator. These devices with transceiver transducers have an advantage over the device with pairs of emitting and receiving ultrasonic transducers, because they allow you to place a larger number of transducers in a given volume. However, an important drawback of such devices is that the input of the amplifier is galvanically connected to the high-voltage output of the probe pulse generator, which requires strict requirements for the amplifier over a wide operating voltage range, since the reflected ultrasonic signals received by ultrasonic transducers form electrical signals at the amplifier input less than 1V, and at the output of the generator an exciting pulse is characterized by a voltage of several hundred volts. Known ultrasonic multichannel flaw detector (a.s.SSSR SU1370551 from 01.30.88, IPC: G01 N29 / 04) containing a pulse distributor connected to the outputs of the latter by the control inputs of N transistor switches, the number of which is equal to the number of control channels, N electro-acoustic transducers and N pulse transformers. The pulse distributor is made of a series-connected clock generator, the output of which is designed to connect to the external synchronization input of a flaw detector, a binary counter, the capacity of which is set equal to the number of control channels, and a decoder whose outputs serve as the outputs of the pulse distributor. In each channel, the transistor switch is connected in parallel with the primary winding of a pulse transformer, the secondary winding of which is connected in series with v electro-acoustic transducer. The free terminals of the secondary windings of pulse transformers of each channel are combined and designed to be connected to the generator-receiver path of the flaw detector. In this case, the excitation of electro-acoustic transducers is carried out by periodically changing the resistance of the primary winding of the transformer. A significant drawback of such a device is that a high voltage (several hundred volts) is constantly connected to the secondary winding of the transformer and, accordingly, to the electro-acoustic transducer, and the same terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the receiving path, which also limits the range of amplifiers that can be used in the receiving path, due to the requirement of a wide operating voltage range for the amplifier. A known ultrasonic device for determining defects and wall thickness of gas pipelines (US patent US5587534 from 12.24.96, IPC: G01 N29 / 10, analogue: WO96 / 13720), containing a probe pulse generator (up to 400V) connected in series, a magnetic diplexer and a piezoceramic ultrasonic transceiver and amplifier (with a dynamic range of up to 64dB) connected to the winding of a magnetic diplexer. The advantage of these devices is the use of receiving-emitting transducers and the absence of galvanic coupling of the input of the amplifier with the high-voltage output of the probe pulse generator due to the magnetic diplexer, which ensures the connection of the input of the amplifier with the output of the ultrasonic transducer and limiting the connection of the output of the generator with the input of the amplifier due to the magnetic saturation of the core

electromagnetic transducer included in the diplexer. However, the presence of limited magnetic coupling through the amplifier input diplexer with the generator output also limits the range of amplifiers that can be used in the device.

A known ultrasonic device for automatic quality control of metal pipelines (RF patent RU2042946 from 08.27.95, MP K: G01 N29 / 04), containing a serially connected synchronizer, an excitation pulse generator, a switch, a piezoelectric receiving-emitting transducers, a multi-channel receiving amplifier unit, a primary information processing unit , blocks for determining the location of control, accumulation of information and energy supply. In this case, the piezoelectric transducers are connected in parallel with each other through the switch to the generator of exciting pulses and each of the piezoelectric transducers is connected to the corresponding channel of the receiving-amplifying unit.

A device for ultrasonic monitoring of pipelines is also known (RF patent RU2018817 from 08.30.94, IPC: G01 N29 / 10) containing a synchronizer, a generator of exciting pulses, a commutator, piezoelectric transceivers, connected in series

converters, multi-channel receive-amplification paths with gain controls and automatic adjustment units. Moreover, each channel contains a block of several piezoelectric transducers, the inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the switch, and an amplifier with a gain control connected between the terminals of the piezoelectric transducers and the input of the information processing unit.

The advantage of these devices is the use of receiving-emitting converters. However, the galvanic connection of the low-voltage inputs of the amplifiers with the high-voltage outputs of the exciting pulse generator when the switches are closed adversely affects the characteristics of the amplifier.

A common prototype of the claimed device variants is the well-known echo-pulsed ultrasonic flaw detector (J. Krautkremer, G. Krautkremer Ultrasonic material control. Handbook, Moscow, 1991, pp. 205-210), containing a voltage source connected in series (high voltage volts), excitation generator pulses, a receiving-emitting ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a series-connected receiving-amplifying path and a unit for processing the measured data, while the exciting pulse generator will contain a capacitor, an electronically controlled key (in the form of a bipolar transistor) having two conductive terminals (emitter and collector) and a control input (base) and capable of conducting electric current from one conductive terminal to another conductive terminal (from collector to emitter), a control input the key (base) is connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, the generator also contains a conductive element (resistor), the first conductive terminal of the key is connected to the first output of the capacitor and through the specified conductive the second element is connected to the output of the voltage source, the second terminal of the capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the ultrasonic transducer, the second conductive terminal of the key is connected to the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer, the device also includes

a second conductive element (resistor) connected in parallel with the ultrasonic transducer.

The main disadvantage of the prototype device is also that the high-voltage output of the excitation pulse generator is connected both to one of the outputs of the ultrasonic transducer and to the input of the amplification path, which prevents a high signal-to-noise ratio for reliable identification of electric pulses corresponding to the received ultrasonic pulses.

The claimed ultrasonic scanning device, as well as the prototype device, contains a series-connected voltage source, a generator of exciting pulses, a receiving-emitting ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a series-connected receiving-amplifying path and a unit for processing the measured data, while the exciting pulse generator contains an electronically controlled capacitor a key having two conductive outputs and a control input and capable of conducting electric current from one a conductive terminal to another conductive terminal, as well as a conductive element, the control input of the key is connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, the first conductive terminal of the key is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor and through the specified conductive element is connected to the output of the voltage source, the second terminal of the capacitor is connected to the first terminal ultrasonic transducer.

In contrast to the prototype device in the claimed device, the exciting pulse generator also includes a conductive element connected between the specified second conductive terminal of the key and

the second output of the ultrasonic transducer, the input of the amplifier path is connected to the specified second output of the key.

In a preferred embodiment, the conductive element indicated here is configured to create a voltage drop of 0.1V to 3V in the amplification mode of signals from an ultrasonic transducer. The active resistance of the conductive element indicated here is from 3 ohms to 300 ohms.

The conductive element indicated here is made in the form of an inductive coil with an active resistance of 3 Ohms to 300 Ohms and an inductance of 10 to ZOOmkGn, or (in another option) in the form of a resistor or semiconductor element forming a pn junction between the specified second conductive terminal of the key and the second the output of the ultrasonic transducer.

The device is designed as an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasound transducers connected to one or several excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected means for analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and digital recording means data

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

The ultrasonic scanning device according to the second embodiment contains a series-connected voltage source, an exciting generator

pulses, a receiving-emitting ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a series-connected receiving-amplifying path and a measured data processing unit, while the exciting pulse generator contains a capacitor, an electronically controlled switch having two conductive leads and a control input and capable of conducting electric current from one conductive lead to another conductive terminal, as well as a conductive element, the control input of the key is connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, trans the high conductive terminal of the key is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor and through the specified conductive element is connected to the output of the voltage source, the second terminal of the capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the ultrasonic transducer,

Unlike the prototype in the device according to the second embodiment, the excitation pulse generator also includes a conductive element connected between the specified second conductive terminal of the key and the second output of the ultrasonic transducer, the input of the amplifier path is connected to the specified first output of the capacitor.

In development of the second option, the claimed device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more generators of exciting pulses, as well as to a receiving-amplifying path, the unit for processing the measured data includes series-connected means for analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means of recording digital data,

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, generator

exciting pulses, the control circuit, the amplifier path and the processing unit of the measured data are installed in the specified hermetic shell.

The ultrasonic scanning device according to the third embodiment comprises a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a serially amplified path and a measured data processing unit, while the excitation pulse generator contains a capacitor, an electronically controlled key having two conductive output and control input and capable of conducting electric current from one conductive pin an ode to another conductive terminal, as well as a conductive element, the control input of the key is connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, the first conductive output of the key is connected to the first output of the capacitor and through the specified conductive element is connected to the output of the voltage source, the second output of the capacitor is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer

characterized in that the generator of exciting pulses also includes a conductive element connected between the specified second conductive output of the key and the second output of the ultrasonic transducer, the input of the amplifier path is connected to the specified first output of the capacitor.

In development of the third option, the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected

means for analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data,

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

According to the fourth embodiment, the ultrasonic scanning device comprises a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a serial amplification path and a measured data processing unit, while the excitation pulse generator contains a capacitor, an electronically controlled key having two conductive output and control input and capable of conducting electric current from one conductive to the output to another conductive terminal, the control input of the key is connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, one of the conductive terminals of the key is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor, the second terminal of the capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the ultrasonic transducer, characterized in that

the second conductive terminal of the key is connected to the output of the voltage source, the generator of exciting pulses also includes,

at least two series-connected conductive elements connected between the specified first conductive terminal of the key and the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer, input

the amplifier path is connected to the connection point between the specified conductive elements. In development of the fourth embodiment, the conductive element indicated here, connected to the second output of the ultrasonic transducer, is capable of creating a voltage drop from 0.1V to 3B in the signal amplification mode from the ultrasonic transducer, the active resistance of the specified conductive element connected to the second output of the ultrasonic transducer is from 3 ohms to 300 ohms. The conductive element indicated here, connected to the second output of the ultrasonic transducer, is made in the form of an inductive coil with an active resistance of 3 Ohms to 300 Ohms and an inductance of 10 to ZOOmkGn, or the conductive element connected to the second output of the ultrasonic transducer is made in the form of a resistor or semiconductor element forming the pn junction between the specified second conductive terminal of the key and the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer. In the further development of the fourth variant, the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed shell and a carrier of these ultra sonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier on a surface with axial symmetry, while the voltage source, generator

exciting pulses, the control circuit, the amplifier path and the processing unit of the measured data are installed in the specified hermetic shell.

The fifth version ultrasonic scanning device comprises a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a serial amplified path and a measured data processing unit, while the excitation pulse generator contains a capacitor, an electronically controlled key, with two conductive output and control input and capable of conducting electric current from one conductive output and to another conductive terminal, the control input of the key is connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, one of the conductive terminals of the key is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor, the second terminal of the capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the ultrasonic transducer, characterized in that

the second conductive terminal of the key is connected to the output of the voltage source, the generator of exciting pulses also includes,

at least two series-connected conductive elements connected between the specified first conductive output of the key and the second output of the ultrasonic transducer, the input of the amplifier path is connected to the specified first output of the capacitor.

In development of the fifth variant, the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more generators of exciting pulses, as well as to the amplification path, block

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processing the measured data includes serially connected means for analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data,

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

The sixth embodiment ultrasonic scanning device comprises a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic receiving transducer, as well as a control circuit and a serial amplifying path and a measured data processing unit, characterized in that

includes many of these excitation pulse generators with ultrasonic transducers connected to them, these generators or ultrasonic transducers are connected to the same amplifier path, the connection points to the input of the amplifier path are interconnected, the active resistance of the lines connecting the outputs of the amplifiers between the combined outputs of the generators or ultrasonic transducers is not exceeds 5 ohms.

In development of the sixth variant, the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes a number of ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected

means for analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data,

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

The seventh version ultrasonic scanning device comprises a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic receiving transducer, as well as a control circuit and a serial amplifying path and a measured data processing unit, characterized in that

the receiving amplifier includes a plurality of amplifiers, the signal inputs of the amplifiers are the inputs of the receiving amplifier, one or more of the indicated excitation pulse generators or ultrasonic transducers are connected to the signal input of each amplifier, the outputs of the amplifiers are interconnected and connected to the signal input of the indicated block for processing the measured data, active resistance of the lines of combining the outputs of amplifiers between the outputs of any pair of amplifiers whose outputs are combined inen, does not exceed 5 ohms.

In development of the seventh variant, the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the amplifiers are made in the form of amplifiers with an adjustable output and have control inputs connected to the outputs of the control circuit, the device includes a lot of ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more generators

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exciting pulses, as well as to the receiving path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data,

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

The eighth ultrasonic scanning device according to the eighth embodiment comprises a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic receiving transducer, as well as a control circuit and a serial amplifying path and a measured data processing unit, characterized in that

includes many of these excitation pulse generators with ultrasonic transducers connected to them, the pyrotechnic amplifier path includes many amplifiers, several excitation pulse generators and / or ultrasonic transducers are connected to the signal input of each of them, as well as a common amplifier, the signal input of which is connected to the outputs of these amplifiers.

In development of the eighth variant, the device is designed as an in-line flaw detector, the common amplifier is made with an electronically controlled gain and has a control input connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, the device includes

a lot of ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more generators of exciting pulses, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data,

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

The ultrasound scanning device according to the ninth embodiment comprises a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a serial amplified path and a measured data processing unit, while the generator output is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer, the second output of the ultrasonic transducer connected to a common point in the circuit, characterized in that the device including includes a conductive element connected by one of the terminals to the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer, the input of the amplifier path is connected to the specified second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer through the specified conductive element.

In development of the ninth embodiment, the conductive element indicated here is capable of creating a voltage drop from 0.1V to 3B in the amplification mode of signals from the ultrasonic transducer, the active resistance of the specified conductive element is from 3 Ohms to 300 Ohms.

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The conductive element indicated here is made in the form of an inductive coil with an active resistance of 3 Ohms to 300 Ohms and an inductance of 10 to ZOOmkGn, or (in another option) in the form of a resistor or semiconductor element forming a pn junction between the specified second conductive terminal of the switch and the second output of the ultrasonic transducer.

The device is designed as an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasound transducers connected to one or several excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected means for analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and digital recording means data

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

The ultrasonic scanning device according to the tenth embodiment contains a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a serial amplified path and a measured data processing unit, while the generator output is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer, the second output of the ultrasonic transducer connected to a common point in the circuit, characterized in that the device including includes a conductive element, the output of the source

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voltage is connected to the input of the generator through the specified conductive element, the active resistance of which is at least 10 kOhm.

In development of the tenth version, the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or several excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data,

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

The eleventh ultrasonic scanning device comprises a voltage source in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a serially amplified path and a measured data processing unit, while the excitation pulse generator contains a capacitor, an electronically controlled key, with two conductive output and control input and capable of conducting electric current from one conductive output of any other conductive terminal, and a conductive element that controls key input connected to one of the control circuit outputs a first output conductor switch connected to the first terminal of the capacitor and through said tokolrovodyaschy

the element is connected to the output of the voltage source, the second output of the capacitor is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer, the second conductive output of the key is connected to the second output of the ultrasonic transducer, characterized in that the device includes many of these excitation pulse generators with ultrasonic transducers connected to them, an amplifier path includes at least one amplifier, the signal input of which is the signal input of the amplifier th path, said ultrasonic generators or transducers connected to the signal input of said amplifier, said electronically controllable switch is formed on an element of the thyristor type or bipolar type transistor or field effect transistor type. In development of the eleventh embodiment, the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed shell and a carrier of these ultrasounds x transducers which are mounted on a support on a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source generator excitation pulses, the control circuit, and priomousilitelny path unit processing the measured data set in said hermetic shell.

According to the twelfth embodiment, the ultrasonic scanning device comprises a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a serially amplified path and a measured data processing unit, the amplified path includes an amplifier, the signal input of which is a signal input of the amplifier path ,

characterized in that the amplifier is made with an electronically controlled output and has a control input connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, the amplifier is capable of opening and closing the specified output depending on the signal or potential at the control input of the amplifier.

In development of the twelfth variant, the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means of recording digital data,

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

According to the thirteenth embodiment, the ultrasonic scanning device comprises a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic receiving transducer, as well as a control circuit and a serial connected amplifying path and a measured data processing unit, the receiving amplifying path includes an amplifier whose signal input is a signal input of the receiving amplifying path characterized in that

includes at least four of these excitation pulse generators with ultrasonic transducers connected to them, while these generators or these ultrasonic transducers are connected to one amplifier.

In development of the thirteenth variant, the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or several excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes sequentially connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data,

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

According to the fourteenth embodiment, the ultrasonic scanning device comprises a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic receiving transducer, a control circuit and a serial receiving amplifier and a processing unit for measured data, the receiving amplifier includes an amplifier whose signal input is a signal input of the receiving amplifier characterized in that

includes many of these excitation pulse generators with ultrasonic transducers connected to them, as well as many of these amplifiers, while the ultrasonic transducers are directly or through these generators connected to these amplifiers, the receiving amplifier also includes a common amplifier, the signal input of which is connected to the outputs no less than three of these amplifiers.

In development of the fourteenth variant, the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or several excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data,

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

An ultrasound scanning device according to the fifteenth embodiment comprises a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic receiving transducer, as well as a control circuit and a serial amplifying path and a measured data processing unit, characterized in that

includes many ultrasonic transducers, with at least twelve ultrasonic transducers connected to one channel of the amplifier path.

In development of the fifteenth embodiment, the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or several excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data,

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

An ultrasound scanning device according to the sixteenth embodiment comprises a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, a receiving-emitting ultrasonic transducer.

as well as a control circuit and a serially connected receiving amplifier path and a unit for processing the measured data, characterized in that

the specified generator and the amplification path are structurally combined in one block and sealed from the external environment, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers, while at least thirty ultrasonic transducers are connected to one block.

In development of the sixteenth embodiment, the device is designed as an in-line flaw detector, the device includes a number of ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data,

the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, an amplification path, and a measured data processing unit are installed in the enclosed enclosure.

The main technical result obtained as a result of the implementation of the group of claimed utility models, common to all the options, is to increase the detection efficiency of material defects and / or geometry defects of scanned objects by increasing the identification efficiency of electrical signals corresponding to the received reflected ultrasonic pulses with limited space for equipment placement.

high density of ultrasonic transducers and a limited resource of energy consumption.

The mechanism for achieving the indicated technical result consists in the fact that the claimed connection of ultrasonic transducers, amplifiers of the receiving amplifier and excitation pulse generators can significantly reduce the influence of the exciting high-voltage pulse (several hundred volts) from the generator of exciting pulses on the voltage level at the input of the receiving amplifier, which reduces the requirements for the input voltage range for the input or common amplifier, and thereby to determine the signal-to-noise ratio when amplifying low-voltage signals from the ultrasonic transducer, corresponding to the received ultrasonic pulses.

The implementation of the claimed device in multi-channel design allows you to directly connect a group of ultrasonic transducers and associated excitation pulse generators to the input of the amplifier without any isolation devices, since connecting the input of the amplifier to the generator as indicated for the claimed device allows you to neglect the mutual influence of the generators, since in this circuit it does not affect the performance of each generator. In addition, it allows minimizing the number of electronic components and, accordingly, minimizing the power consumption and overall dimensions of the flaw detector under conditions of limited power supply resource and volume for equipment placement, which is especially critical for in-line inspection of trunk pipelines.

The values of active resistances in these areas may be more than indicated, however, in this case, the use of a circuit with large

resistance values is associated with large charge-discharge times of capacitors, which limits the frequency of generation (follow) of ultrasonic pulses. On the other hand, the values of the active resistance between the output of the high voltage source and the power input of the generator of exciting pulses can be less than indicated above, however, it should be borne in mind that the active resistance in a given range allows you to provide protection functions against electric shock to the flaw detector operator as a result damage to the cable to which the ultrasonic transducer is connected, as well as explosion protection functions in case of damage to the specified cable in an explosion hazard th zone. Therefore, the indicated values for active resistances are the most optimal and preferred.

The claimed scanning device for an echo-pulse flaw detector is a device for non-destructive ultrasonic testing of materials and products (ultrasonic scanning of materials and products and processing of measurement data, subsequent identification of data) to detect defects in the structure of the material, determine the geometry of the products (geometric parameters of the products: pipe profile, wall thickness and others), including the determination of defects in the geometry of products. In a preferred embodiment of both variants of the claimed device: the control input of the specified amplifier is connected to the control input of the generator, the amplifiers are made with an electronically controlled threshold, the signal inputs of the amplifier with an adjustable output are signal inputs of the receiver-amplifier path, the electronically controlled key is made on one or several p-p -p, p-p-p or field-effect transistors or other semiconductor elements with p-p junctions, output connected to the ultrasonic transducer

The previously mentioned capacitor is connected to the converter through conductive elements. The outputs of the generators connected to the amplifier (the first outputs of the capacitors) are connected to the second outputs of the ultrasonic transducers through conductive elements in the form of several resistors, inductive elements, transistors, diodes and / or other semiconductor elements, including with pn junctions, for example, connected in parallel with each other with the opposite direction of electrical conductivity, the second signal input (ground) of each amplifier with an adjustable output is connected to the second terminals of each ultrasonic educator. The measured data processing unit is a unit for digitizing the measured data, compressing digital data, writing data to a digital data storage device, or remotely transmitting data. In the process of processing the measured data, the digitized parameters of the received pulses (corresponding to the probe pulses for each ultrasonic transducer) are combined into data frames, these parameters include the digitized amplitude values of the pulses and the time elapsed after the start of the corresponding probing pulse for each amplitude value.

The device can also be made in accordance with the features characterizing any subgroup of the above described embodiments of the claimed device.

Figure 1 shows an ultrasonic flaw detector in a design intended for in-pipe inspection of pipelines;

in Fig.2, Fig.Z shows a diagram of a generator of exciting electric pulses;

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figure 4 shows a diagram of the connection of several generators of exciting electric pulses to the receiving path;

figure 5 shows a connection diagram of electronic modules and elements of a multichannel ultrasonic flaw detector;

Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating the progress of probing ultrasonic pulses emitted normal to the inner wall of the pipeline;

7 is a diagram illustrating the progress of the probe ultrasonic pulses emitted at an angle to the normal to the inner wall of the pipeline;

on Fig depicts a graphical display of the measured data on the wall thickness of the pipeline for a certain section of the examined pipeline, allowing to identify welds;

figure 9 shows a graphical display of the measured data on the wall thickness of the pipeline for a certain section of the examined pipeline, which allows to identify the corrosion loss of the metal.

As a result of solving the problem of reducing the dimensions of electronic equipment of flaw detectors and reducing power consumption in conditions of limited power supply, the claimed radiation and reception of ultrasonic pulses scheme is developed, which allows connecting hundreds of ultrasonic sensors (transducers) and, thus, obtaining high resolution when scanning in one pass of the object’s surface with a perimeter up to several meters.

Figure 1 shows the inventive device in the form of a flaw detector in-line execution for inspection of the pipeline with a diameter of

wall thickness 4-ZOmm. In the presented embodiment, the device includes: a housing 1, forming an explosion-proof shell, in which there is a power source and electronic equipment for measuring, processing and storing the obtained measurement data on the basis of an on-board computer that controls the operation of the in-tube flaw detector during its movement inside the pipeline. Rechargeable batteries or batteries of galvanic cells with a total capacity of up to 1000 Ah are installed as a power source. In the tail part of the flaw detector, ultrasonic transducers 2 are installed, alternately emitting and receiving ultrasonic pulses. Polyurethane cuffs 3 and odometers 4 are installed on the flaw detector body.

Figure 2 shows the connection diagram of the ultrasonic transducer to the generator of exciting pulses. One receive-emitting channel contains a serially connected voltage source 21, an electronically controlled switch 22, a conductive module 24, a capacitor 23, an ultrasonic transducer 2, a conductive module 27, an electronically controlled switch 26, as well as a control circuit 28, a conductive module 25, amplification path 29, block processing the measured data 30. The conductive module 25 is connected in parallel with the ultrasonic transducer 2. The control inputs of the key 22 and key 26 are connected to the corresponding outputs of the control circuit 28. The serially connected key 26 and the conductive element 27 constitute the discharge circuit of the capacitor 23, which is connected to the output of the capacitor 23 on the one hand and connected to the second output of the receiving-emitting ultrasonic transducer 2 (the second output of the capacitor 23 is connected to the first output of the transducer 2). The conductive element 25 provides a full discharge

capacitor 23. The connection point of the input of the amplifier circuit 29 is the connection point between the conductive element 26 (in the form of a key) and element 27. The key 26 can be made both in the form of bipolar transistors and in the form of field effect transistors, in the form of integrated circuit elements of the corresponding type, as well as in the form of any switches (relays) of the appropriate type, the parameters of which can be selected by a specialist based on the parameters of the ultrasonic transducer (based primarily on the permissible voltage I converter findings, the current through the inverter permitted pulsing frequency to the ultrasonic transducer). The conductive elements 24, 25, 27 can be either resistors or inductive elements, semiconductor elements, including including pn junctions, (depending on the parameters of the transducer and the connection scheme of the ultrasonic transducer to the excitation pulse generator, which is recommended by the manufacturer of ultrasonic transducers selected type).

On Fig.3 shows an example implementation of the circuit depicted in Fig.2. So, in the circuit of FIG. 3, the electronically controlled keys are made in the form of pp transistors, where the emitter and collector are conductive terminals of the key that can conduct electric current from the emitter to the collector, and the base is the control input of the key connected to the circuit output control 28. The conductive module 24 is made in the form of a resistor 32, the conductive module 25 is an assembly of resistor 38, a capacitor 37 and an inductance 36 connected in parallel to each other. The conductive module 27 is an assembly non-parallel between the resistor 34 and the inductance 35. The emitter of the transistor 22 is connected through the resistor 31 to the output of the voltage source 21, the collector of the transistor 22 is connected through

resistor 32 to the first output of the capacitor 23, and through resistors 32 and 33 to the emitter of the transistor 26. The second output of the capacitor 23 is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer 2. The collector of the transistor 26 is connected through a parallel resistor 34 and the inductive element 35 to a common point - the second the output of the ultrasonic transducer 2. The voltage at the output of the source 21 may be 300-500V. The active resistance of the inductance 35 is not less than the resistance of the resistor 34, the active resistance of the inductance 36 is not less than the resistance of the resistor 38. The capacitance of the capacitor 23 is ZOO-UOOOpf, the capacitance of the capacitor 37 is 10-100pf and may vary depending on the design of the ultrasonic transducer 2 and recommendations ultrasound transducer manufacturer.

Figure 4 presents an example of the implementation of the connection of several generators of exciting pulses with connected ultrasonic transducers to a single amplifier path.

The first generator includes transistors 22, 26, capacitors 23,

37, inductance 35, resistors 31, 32, 33, 38, an ultrasonic transducer 91 is connected to this generator. The emitter of transistor 22 is connected through resistor 31 to the output of voltage source 21, the collector of transistor 22 is connected through resistor 32 to the left terminal of capacitor 23, and through resistors 32 and 33- to the emitter of transistor 26. The second output of the capacitor 23 is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer 91. The collector of the transistor 26 is connected through a resistor 34 and an inductive element 35 connected in parallel to a common point - the second ult transducer 91. Assembling a resistor connected in parallel

ultrasonic transducer 91. The base of transistors 22, 26 is a control input connected to the output of the control circuit 28.

The second generator includes transistors 41, 42, capacitors 43, 44, inductance 45, resistors 46, 47, 48, 49, an ultrasonic transducer 92 is connected to this generator. The emitter of transistor 41 is connected through a resistor 36 to the output of voltage source 21, the collector of the transistor 42 is connected through a resistor 47 to the first output of the capacitor 43, and through resistors 47 and 48 to the emitter of the transistor 42. The second output of the capacitor 43 is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer 92. The collector of the transistor 42 is connected through a parallel connected res a source 34 and an inductive element 35 to a common point, the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer 92. An assembly of a resistor 49, a capacitor 44, and an inductance 45 connected in parallel are connected in parallel to the ultrasonic transducer 92. The base of transistors 41, 42 is a control input connected to the output of the control circuit 28 .

The third generator includes transistors 51, 52, capacitors 53, 54, inductance 55, resistors 56, 57, 58, 59, an ultrasonic transducer 93 is connected to this generator. The emitter of transistor 51 is connected through a resistor 56 to the output of voltage source 21, the collector of the transistor 52 is connected through a resistor 57 to the first output of the capacitor 53, and through resistors 57 and 58 to the emitter of the transistor 52. The second output of the capacitor 53 is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer 93. The collector of the transistor 52 is connected through a parallel connected res a source 54 and an inductive element 55 to a common point, the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer 93. An assembly of a resistor 59, a capacitor 54, and an inductance 55 connected in parallel to each other are connected in parallel

ultrasonic transducer 93. The base of transistors 51, 52 is a control input connected to the output of the control circuit 28.

The voltage at the output of the source 21 may be 300-500V. The active resistance of the inductance 35 is not less than the resistance of the resistor 34, the active resistance of the inductors 36, 45, 55 is not less than the resistance of the resistors 38, 49, 59, respectively. The capacitance of the capacitors 23, 43, 53 is 300-1 LLCOpf, the capacity of the capacitors 37, 44, 54 is 10-100pf and may differ depending on the design of the ultrasonic transducers 91, 92, 93.

Conductive elements resistor 34 and inductance 35 are elements of a capacitor discharge circuit common to several (three) generators, the first output of which is connected to the collectors of transistors 26, 42, 52 and to the signal input of the amplifier path 29, and the second conclusions are connected to a common point ( ground), to which the second leads of all ultrasonic transducers 91-93, a voltage source 21, a power amplifier path 29, and a circuit for processing the measured data 30 are connected.

Similarly, 4, 8, 16 or more generators of exciting electric pulses with ultrasonic transducers connected to each of them can be connected to one receiving amplifier path.

Figure 5 shows an example of connecting electronic modules of an ultrasonic flaw detector in a multi-channel design. In this embodiment, there are three channels of amplifiers 291, 292, 293 with an adjustable output, each of which is connected (in accordance with the schemes of FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4) three excitation pulse generators with ultrasound connected to each of them converters: generators 61-63 with converters

93 are connected to amplifier 291, generators 64-66 with converters 94-96 are connected to amplifier 292, generators 67-69 with converters 97-99 are connected to amplifier 293. The outputs of all amplifiers with an adjustable threshold are directly combined (without any isolation resistors) and connected to the signal input of an amplifier 75 with an adjustable gain, the output of which is connected to the signal input of a logarithmic amplifier 76. Amplifiers with an adjustable output 291, 292, 293, as well as an amplifier 75 and a logarithmic amplifier 76 form amplifier path 29 (FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4). The circuit 30 for processing the measured data (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4) contains a series-connected adder 77 (Fig. 5), an analog-to-digital converter 78 (ADC), a digital data conversion and recording module 79 based on the on-board computer, a circuit 86 for analyzing data from odometers 83, 84, 85, allowing synchronizing the launch of ultrasonic transducers with the speed of the flaw detector. The control circuit 28 (FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4) comprises a computing module 80 (FIG. 5) based on an on-board computer, digital-to-analog converters 81 and 82. The inputs of the DAC 81 and 82 are connected to the outputs of the computing module 80. The output of the DAC 81 is connected to the control input of the common amplifier 290 with an adjustable gain, the output of the DAC 82 is connected to the second input of the adder 77. The outputs of the odometric data analysis circuit 86 and the digital data conversion and recording module 79 are connected to the inputs of the computing module 80. The control outputs of the computing m the module is connected to the control inputs of the module 79 conversion and recording of digital data, generators 61-69 exciting electric pulses, amplifiers 291, 292, 293 with an adjustable output.

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As indicated earlier, eight or more exciting pulse generators with ultrasonic transducers can be connected to each amplifier with an adjustable output. In addition, in the same way, four, eight or more amplifiers with an adjustable output can be connected to a common amplifier 290, each of which has several excitation pulse generators with ultrasonic transducers. In addition, an ultrasonic flaw detector may contain several described amplification paths connected to one or more schemes for processing the measured data. So, in the in-tube ultrasonic flaw detector, shown in figure 1, uses twelve amplification paths, each of which is connected to more than thirty receiving emitting ultrasonic transducers.

The claimed device operates as follows. The flaw detector is placed in the pipeline and the product (oil, oil product) is pumped through the pipeline. Polyurethane cuffs 3 provide the alignment of the flaw detector inside the pipeline and its advancement by the flow of the medium pumped through the pipeline. When the flaw detector is moving, the wheels of the odometers 4 mounted on the flaw detector body are pressed against the inner wall of the pipeline, the odometers 4 generate pulses, the number of which is proportional to the distance measured by the odometer, the pulses from the odometers are processed in circuit 86, which matches the start time of the ultrasonic transducers with the odometers. Information on the distance traveled, measured by odometers, is recorded in the drive of the on-board computer and allows, after performing a diagnostic pass and processing the accumulated data, to determine the position of defects on

ic “3 pipeline and, accordingly, the place of subsequent excavation and repair of the pipeline. During the movement of an in-line ultrasonic flaw detector inside a pipeline, ultrasonic transducers periodically emit ultrasonic pulses. When solving the problem of ultrasonic thickness gauge, ultrasonic pulses 124 of Fig.6 emit perpendicular to the inner surface of the sheet material or pipe wall. These pulses are partially reflected from the inner wall 121, from the outer wall 122 or from the area of the defect 123, for example, the delamination of the metal in the wall. Partially ultrasonic pulses 129 pass through the boundary of the media formed by the outer wall. After the emission of ultrasonic pulses, the ultrasonic transducers receive pulses 125 reflected from the inner wall, pulses 127, 128 reflected from the outer wall, or pulses 126 reflected from the indicated area of the wall defect. In order to detect cracks in the sheet material or wall, the ultrasonic pulses 132 of FIG. 7 emit at an angle of about 15 ° -21 ° (preferably 17 ° -19 °) to the normal to the inner surface of the wall. These pulses are partially reflected from the inner wall 121, from the outer wall 122 or from a crack-like defect 131. Partially, the ultrasonic pulses 133 pass through the boundaries of the media or are reflected 134, thereby attenuating the useful reflected pulse 135. After the emission of ultrasonic pulses, the ultrasonic transducers receive pulses 135 reflected from crack-like defect 131. | G) 5103 0G

Well, the sequential start and interrogation of ultrasonic transducers 91-99, excited by the generators 61-69, is implemented using the computing module 80, which sequentially supplies the control pulses to the control inputs of the generators 61-69 and to the control inputs of the amplifiers 291, 292, 293. Upon receipt the control pulse at the control input of the generator, the latter generates an electric pulse with a voltage of 100-ZOOV and feeds it to the ultrasonic receiving-emitting transducer, which emits an ultrasonic pulse in the direction of the object being rolled, in particular in the direction of the pipeline wall. After some time necessary for the ultrasonic pulse to pass from the transducer to the reflection point and back, the reflected ultrasonic pulses are received by the same ultrasonic transducer and form an electric pulse with a voltage of less than 1-100 mV at the point of connection of the signal input of the amplifier to the generator. Computing module 80 counts the time elapsed after the emission of the ultrasonic pulse (applying the appropriate control pulse to the corresponding generator) and after a specified period of time (programmed before the flaw detector is skipped in the pipeline or determined during the flaw detector skip according to the odometers 83, 84, 85, depending on ultrasonic flaw detector speed in the pipeline) supplies a control pulse to the control input of the amplifier with an adjustable threshold connected to the specified generator and opens the output of the corresponding amplifier for a given period of time (the duration of which is determined by the way the ultrasonic pulse travels in the medium from the transducer to the point of reflection of the pulse and vice versa). An electrical pulse generated at the signal input of an amplifier with an adjustable output is amplified by the specified amplifier.

passes through its output to the input of an amplifier 290 with an adjustable gain, then amplifies in a logarithmic amplifier 76, moves to the first input of the adder 77, where it is summed with the value set from the computing module 80 using 1 ДАП 82, then the pulse from the adder passes an analog-digital conversion to ADC 78, and the digitized values are converted in module 79 and stored in a digital data storage device. The gain of the amplifier 290 with an adjustable threshold is set by the computing module 80 using a digital-to-analog converter 81. To synchronize the scanning mode (radiation of probing ultrasonic pulses), an odometer data processing circuit 86 from odometers 83, 84, 85 is implemented. Odometer outputs 83, 84, 85 connected to the inputs of the circuit 86, the output of the circuit 86, corresponding to the launch of the ultrasonic transducers, is connected to one of the inputs of the circuit 80. The ultrasonic transducers are excited in series: I control The signal from module 80 is triggered by a generator 61, which drives the ultrasound transducer 91, the reflected ultrasound pulse generates an electric pulse at the input of amplifier 291, the control pulse from module 80 opens the output of amplifier 291, and this electric pulse passes through amplifiers 290 and 76 to adder 77 and ADC 78. After that, the control pulse from module 80 initiates the excitation pulse generator 62, which excites the ultrasonic transducer 92. The control pulse from module 80 opens the output of the amplifier 291, and the electric pulse from the transducer 92 corresponding to the received reflected ultrasonic pulse is amplified in the amplifiers 291, 290, 76. Similarly, the ultrasonic transducer 93 is excited and the electric pulse corresponding to

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reflected ultrasound pulse received by ultrasonic transducer 93.

Ultrasonic transducers 94-99 are excited similarly using excitation pulse generators 64-69, respectively. Electrical pulses corresponding to ultrasonic pulses received by the transducers 94-96 are amplified by amplifiers 292, 290, 76; electrical pulses corresponding to ultrasonic pulses received by the transducers 97-99 are amplified by amplifiers 293, 290, 76.

To initiate the generator of exciting pulses of Fig. 3, in one of the methods, the control pulse from the control circuit 28 is supplied to the base of the transistor 22 and opens it. The transistor 26 is closed, and the capacitor 23 is charged. The resistance of the resistors 31, 32 in this case is 10-100 kOhm, the resistance of the resistor 33 is 3-10 Ohm, the resistance of the resistors 34, 38 is 10-1 Om. The control pulse from the control circuit 28 is supplied to the base of the transistor 26 and opens it. The capacitor 23 is discharged, a pulse with a peak voltage of 150 V is generated at the terminals of the transducer 2, which excites the ultrasonic transducer 2, which emits an ultrasonic pulse in the direction of the wall. After reflection from the internal and / or external wall, the ultrasonic pulse arrives at the ultrasonic transducer 2 and excites an electric pulse in it. An electrical pulse with a voltage from 1 to 10 OhmV is generated at the signal input of the receive-amplifier path, which is amplified in the receive-amplifier path 29. After 20-100 microseconds after the transistor 26 is opened, it closes (at the end of the control pulse from the control circuit 28), the capacitor 23 is charged, and after a while corresponding

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advancing the flaw detector in the pipeline by 3 mm (about 3ms), the next control pulse is supplied from the control circuit 28, opening the transistor 26 to emit the next probing ultrasonic pulse. With the described use of the claimed device, the key 22 can be replaced by directly connecting the output of the voltage source 21 to the output of the capacitor 23 through the resistors 31 and 32, as well as by directly connecting the output of the voltage source 21 to the output of the capacitor 23.

With another use of the indicated device of Fig. 3, the resistance of resistors 31, 32 is 5-50 Ohms, the resistance of resistors 34, 38 is 10-100 Ohms, the resistance of resistor 33 is 3-10 Ohms, the control pulse from the control circuit 28 opens the transistor 22, when In this case, an exciting electric pulse is supplied to the transducer 2, the transducer 2 emits an ultrasonic pulse in the direction of the pipe wall, then the control pulse from the control circuit 28 opens the transistor 26, the capacitor 23 is discharged through the resistors 33, 34 and h 26, which make up the discharge circuit of the capacitor 23. An ultrasonic pulse reflected from the inner and / or outer surface of the wall excites an electric pulse at the signal input of the amplifier path 29. After 20-100 MKS, after the transistor 22 has been turned off, the transistors 22 and 26 are closed, and after a gap At about 1ms, the next control pulse from the control circuit 28 opens the transistor 22 and starts the next radiation-reception cycle of the ultrasonic pulse.

Figure 4 illustrates in more detail the operation of several generators connected to a single amplifier path. So, in the first embodiment, the use of the device before excitation of the ultrasonic transducers 91-93 of figure 4 from the control circuit 28 serves the control

the signal to the base of transistors 22, 41, 51 and opens them. The transistors 26, 42, 52 are closed, and the capacitors 23, 43, 53 are charged. The resistance of the resistors 31, 46, 56, 32, 47, 57 is 20-100 kOhm, the resistance of the resistors 33, 48, 58 is 3-10 Ohms, the resistance of the resistors 34, 38, 49, 59 is 10-100 Ohms. The control pulse from the control circuit 28 is supplied to the base of the transistor 26 and otfyvaet it. The capacitor 23 is discharged, a pulse with a peak voltage of 150 V is generated at the terminals of the transducer 91, which excites the ultrasonic transducer 91, which emits an ultrasonic pulse in the direction of the wall. After reflection from the internal and / or external wall, the ultrasonic pulse arrives at the ultrasonic transducer 91 and excites an electric pulse in it. An electrical impulse is generated at the signal input of the receive-amplifier path 29. voltage from 1 to 10 OhmV, which is amplified in the amplifier path 29. After 20-100 microseconds after the opening of the transistor 26, it closes, the capacitor 23 is charged.

After that, the control pulse from the control circuit 28 is supplied to the base of the transistor 42 and opens it. The capacitor 43 is discharged, a pulse with a peak voltage of 150 V is generated at the terminals of the transducer 92, which excites the ultrasonic transducer 92, which emits an ultrasonic pulse in the direction of the wall. After reflection from the internal and / or external wall of the sheet or pipe, the ultrasonic pulse arrives at the ultrasonic transducer 92 and excites an electric pulse in it. An electrical impulse of voltage from 1 to 10 OhmV is generated at the signal input of the receive-amplifier path 29, which is amplified in the receive-amplifier path 29. After 20-100 μs, after the opening of transistor 42, it closes, the capacitor 43 is charged.

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Next, a sequentially controlling pulse from the control circuit 28 is supplied to the base of the transistor 52 and opens it. The capacitor 53 is discharged, a pulse with a peak voltage of 150 V is generated at the terminals of the transducer 93, which excites the ultrasonic transducer 93, which emits an ultrasonic pulse in the direction of the pipe wall or sheet material. After reflection from the internal and / or external wall, the ultrasonic pulse arrives at the ultrasonic transducer 93 and excites an electric pulse in it. An electrical impulse of voltage from 1 to 10 OhmV is generated at the signal input of the receive-amplifier path 29, which is amplified in the receive-amplifier path 29. After 20-100 μs, after the opening of the transistor 52, it closes, the capacitor 53 is charged. With the described use of the claimed device, the keys 22, 41, 51 can be replaced with one key 22 so that the collector of the key 22 is connected directly or through a resistor (s) to one of the terminals of each capacitor 23, 43, 53. These keys can also be replaced by directly connecting the output of the voltage source 21 with the first output of each of the capacitors: 23, 43, 53. With a different method of using the device shown in FIG. 4: when using transistors 22, 41, 51 of FIG. 4 for switching exciting pulses by ultrasonic transducers s 91, 92, 93, respectively, resistors 33, 34 and the key 26 comprise a capacitor discharge circuit 23; resistors 48, 34 and key 42 constitute the discharge circuit of the capacitor 43; the resistors 53, 34 and the key 52 make up the discharge circuit of the capacitor 53. The resistance of the resistors 31, 46, 56, 32, 47, 57 is 5-50 Ohms, the resistance of the resistors 33, 48, 58 is 3-10 Ohms, the resistance of the resistors 34 , 38, 49, 59 is 10-100 ohms. In this case, the transistors are sequentially otfnyut: 22,

26 and after 20-100 microseconds are closed, then transistors 41, 42 are sequentially opened, and after 20-100 microseconds they are closed, transistors 51, 52 are sequentially opened and after 20-100 microseconds are closed.

Similarly, other excitation pulse generators are sequentially initiated (if available, for example, in the flaw detector shown in Fig. 1 in the flaw detector circuit of Fig. 4), and each ultrasonic transducer is excited after a period of time corresponding to 3 mm advance along the scanning surface of the flaw detector (near ZMS), when the next control pulse is supplied from the control circuit 28 to emit the next probing ultrasonic pulse. Moreover, the total open time of the transistors 26, 42, 52 and beyond (in the presence of a large number of generators) should not exceed the time interval between calls to each generator (and the corresponding ultrasonic transducer). If there are several receiving amplifying channels, the control signal of the control circuit 28 can start several generators at once, which are necessarily connected to different receiving amplifying paths. Each amplifier path with an analog-to-digital converter connected to its output can be connected to the inputs of one digital data conversion circuit 79 or alternatively, several digital data conversion circuits, several control circuits can be used, each of which is connected to its own group of exciting pulse generators with ultrasonic ones connected to them converters and amplification paths.

In the process of skipping the in-line ultrasonic flaw detector of figure 1, the speed of the flaw detector inside the pipeline is determined and the condition is checked that the speed of the flaw detector

is not less than 0.1 m / s and not more than 1.5 m / s. If the specified condition is not met, the ultrasonic transducers are started with a predetermined period.

In accordance with the algorithm implemented by the on-board computer program during the diagnostic pass of the flaw detector, the digitized measured data from the group of transducers are combined into data frames, the parameters of the received pulses corresponding to the probe pulses for each ultrasonic transducer, as well as the timer time, uniquely related with the start time of the indicated probe pulses. The indicated parameters of the received pulses include the digitized values of the pulses (voltages) and time for each digitized value that has passed from the moment the corresponding probe pulse was triggered until the moment of digitization of the electric pulse corresponding to the received ultrasonic pulse. The data frame includes the specified parameters of the received pulses corresponding to 64 probe pulses for each transducer from the group of ultrasonic transducers; for each specified group of transducers, a timer value is recorded that is uniquely associated with the start time of each transducer from the specified transducer group. The digitized data is written to the digital data storage device by writing to the file 20 of the indicated data frames, as well as the file opening time and file upload time, the specified time is determined by the clock of the computer that controls the data writing to the storage device. The time according to the clock of the computer and the time according to the timer are synchronized with each other and with the time according to the timer installed outside the ultrasonic flaw detector before the ultrasonic flaw detector is skipped and after the ultrasonic flaw detector is skipped. In a preferred embodiment, during the passage of the flaw detector in the pipeline is performed as

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thickness measurement measurements, as well as measurements aimed at finding crack-like defects.

Upon completion of the control of a given section of the pipeline, the flaw detector is removed from the receiving chamber of the pipeline and the data accumulated during the diagnostic pass is transferred to a computer outside the flaw detector. The data transfer operation can be performed, for example, by transferring data using any data exchange device, for example, through a network, serial, parallel, USB, or other port installed on the on-board computer or on a computer outside the flaw detector, through exchange data on cable, radio or infrared channel. In addition, as is known, data can be transferred from the flaw detector to a computer outside the flaw detector by removing the data carrier from the flaw detector and then connecting it to a computer installed outside the flaw detector. On a computer installed outside the flaw detector (data interpretation computer), a program for interpreting the received data is launched. Such programs are well known in the art. One of the functions of the data interpretation program is the visual display of the received data on a monitor screen or on a print in a form that allows you to analyze data obtained as a result of an inspection pass of the flaw detector. Analysis of the recorded data allows you to identify defects in the material of the pipeline wall (wall thickness or profile of the cross section of the pipeline) for the subsequent repair of defective sections of the pipeline.

On Fig and Fig.9 presents fragments of a graphical representation of the data obtained as a result of a diagnostic pass of an ultrasonic flaw detector, allowing to identify the features of the pipeline (tees, plungers, insets, mechanical damage, repair patches,

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reinforcement elements, lining welded rings, longitudinal, transverse, repair seams) and defects of its walls. The axis L of Fig. 8, Fig. 9 shows the length of the pipeline along its axis, the axis LR shows the length along the perimeter in the plane of the cross section of the pipeline. The black dots in the image show that in these places on the pipe the difference between the measured value of the pipe wall thickness and the nominal value for a given section of the pipeline is greater than the specified threshold value. In Fig. 8, the characteristic features of the pipelines are identified: longitudinal welds 161 and 162 of the pipes, the weld between the pipes 163, the plunger 164. Fig. 9 shows the characteristic corrosion defects 171 of the pipelines identified as a result of the in-tube ultrasonic inspection using the claimed device.

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Claims (44)

1. An ultrasonic scanning device comprising a series-connected voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a receiving-emitting ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a series-connected receiving-amplifying path and a measured data processing unit, wherein the exciting pulse generator contains a capacitor, an electronically controlled key, having two conductive output and control input and capable of conducting electric current from one conductive output to another the conductive terminal, as well as the conductive element, the control input of the key is connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, the first conductive output of the key is connected to the first output of the capacitor and through the specified conductive element is connected to the output of the voltage source, the second output of the capacitor is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer, characterized the fact that the generator of exciting pulses also includes a conductive element connected between the specified second conductive terminal of the key and orym output ultrasonic transducer priemousilitelnogo tract input connected to said second terminal of the key. 2. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive element indicated in claim 1 is configured to create a voltage drop of 0.1 to 3 V in the amplification mode of signals from an ultrasonic transducer. 3. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the active resistance of the conductive element specified in claim 1 is from 3 to 300 Ohms. 4. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive element indicated in claim 1 is made in the form of an inductive coil with an active resistance of 3 to 300 Ohms and an inductance of 10 to 300 μH. 5. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive element specified in claim 1 is made in the form of a resistor or semiconductor element forming a pn junction between the specified second conductive terminal of the key and the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer. 6. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasound transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure carrier of said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a support on a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source generator excitation pulses, the control circuit, priemousilitelny tract and the measurement data processing unit installed in said hermetic shell. 7. An ultrasonic scanning device comprising a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a servo amplified path and a measured data processing unit, the exciting pulse generator comprising a capacitor, an electronically controlled key, having two conductive output and control input and capable of conducting electric current from one conductive output to another the conductive terminal, as well as the conductive element, the control input of the key is connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, the first conductive output of the key is connected to the first output of the capacitor and through the specified conductive element is connected to the output of the voltage source, the second output of the capacitor is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer, characterized the fact that the generator of exciting pulses also includes a conductive element connected between the specified second conductive terminal of the key and orym output ultrasonic transducer priemousilitelnogo tract input connected to said first terminal of the capacitor. 8. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 7, characterized in that the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasound transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure carrier of said ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on a support on a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source generator excitation pulses, the control circuit, priemousilitelny tract and the measurement data processing unit installed in said hermetic shell. 9. An ultrasonic scanning device comprising a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a servo amplified path and a measured data processing unit, while the exciting pulse generator contains a capacitor, an electronically controlled key having two conductive output and control input and capable of conducting electric current from one conductive output to another the conductive terminal, as well as the conductive element, the control input of the key is connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, the first conductive output of the key is connected to the first output of the capacitor and through the specified conductive element is connected to the output of the voltage source, the second output of the capacitor is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer, characterized the fact that the generator of exciting pulses also includes a conductive element connected between the specified second conductive terminal of the key and orym output ultrasonic transducer priemousilitelnogo tract input connected to said first terminal of the capacitor. 10. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 9, characterized in that the device is designed as an in-line flaw detector, the device includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier of said ultrasonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure. 11. An ultrasonic scanning device comprising a series-connected voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a receiving-emitting ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a series-connected receiving-amplifying path and a measured data processing unit, wherein the exciting pulse generator contains a capacitor, an electronically controlled key having two conductive output and control input and capable of conducting electric current from one conductive output to another conductive output, the control input of the key is connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, one of the conductive conclusions of the key is connected to the first output of the capacitor, the second output of the capacitor is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer, characterized in that the second conductive output of the key is connected to the output of the voltage source, the generator exciting pulses also includes at least two series-connected conductive elements connected between said first conductive vodom key and the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer priemousilitelnogo tract input is connected to a connection point between said conducting elements. 12. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 11, characterized in that the conductive element indicated in claim 11 connected to the second output of the ultrasonic transducer is capable of creating a voltage drop of 0.1 to 3 V in the signal amplification mode from the ultrasonic transducer. 13. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 11, characterized in that the active resistance of the conductive element specified in clause 11, connected to the second output of the ultrasonic transducer, is from 3 to 300 Ohms. 14. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 11, characterized in that the conductive element indicated in claim 11 connected to the second output of the ultrasonic transducer is made in the form of an inductive coil with an active resistance of 3 to 300 Ohms and an inductance of 10 to 300 μH. 15. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 11, characterized in that the conductive element indicated in claim 11 connected to the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer is made in the form of a resistor or semiconductor element forming a pn junction between the specified second conductive terminal of the key and the second the output of the ultrasonic transducer. 16. The ultrasound scanning device according to claim 11, characterized in that the device is designed as an in-line flaw detector, the device includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier of said ultrasonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure. 17. An ultrasonic scanning device comprising a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, a control circuit and a serial amplified path and a measured data processing unit, while the exciting pulse generator contains a capacitor, an electronically controlled key, having two conductive output and control input and capable of conducting electric current from one conductive output to another conductive output, the control input of the key is connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, one of the conductive conclusions of the key is connected to the first output of the capacitor, the second output of the capacitor is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer, characterized in that the second conductive output of the key is connected to the output of the voltage source, the generator exciting pulses also includes at least two series-connected conductive elements connected between said first conductive vodom key and the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer priemousilitelnogo tract input connected to said first terminal of the capacitor. 18. The ultrasonic scanning device according to 17, characterized in that the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasound transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier of said ultrasonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure. 19. An ultrasonic scanning device containing a series-connected voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a receiving-emitting ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a series-connected receiving amplifier and a measured data processing unit, characterized in that it includes a plurality of said exciting pulse generators connected to ultrasonic transducers, these generators or ultrasonic transducers are connected to a single reception amplifier path, the connection points to the input of the amplifier path are interconnected, the active resistance of the lines connecting the outputs of the amplifiers between the combined terminals of the generators or ultrasonic transducers does not exceed 5 Ohms. 20. The ultrasound scanning device according to claim 19, characterized in that the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier of said ultrasonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure. 21. An ultrasonic scanning device comprising a series-connected voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a receiving-emitting ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and series-connected receiving-amplifying path and a measured data processing unit, characterized in that the receiving-amplifying path includes a plurality of amplifiers, signal inputs of amplifiers represent the inputs of the amplifier circuit, one or more are connected to the signal input of each amplifier to these generators of exciting pulses or ultrasonic transducers, the outputs of the amplifiers are interconnected and connected to the signal input of the indicated unit for processing the measured data, the active resistance of the lines combining the outputs of the amplifiers between the outputs of any pair of amplifiers whose outputs are combined does not exceed 5 Ohms. 22. The ultrasound scanning device according to item 21, characterized in that the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the amplifiers are made in the form of amplifiers with an adjustable output and have control inputs connected to the outputs of the control circuit, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more generators of exciting pulses, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected analog-to-digital means new transformation of the measured data and means of recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed shell and a carrier of these ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on the carrier on a surface with axial symmetry, with a voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a control circuit, a receiving amplifier and a processing unit The measured data are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure. 23. An ultrasonic scanning device containing a series-connected voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a receiving-emitting ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a series-connected receiving amplifier and a measured data processing unit, characterized in that it includes a plurality of said exciting pulse generators connected to ultrasonic transducers, the pyrema amplification path includes many amplifiers, to the signal input each of which is connected to several generators of exciting pulses and / or ultrasonic transducers, as well as a common amplifier, the signal input of which is connected to the outputs of these amplifiers. 24. The ultrasonic scanning device according to item 23, wherein the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the common amplifier is made with an electronically controlled gain and has a control input connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes series-connected means for analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier for these ultrasonic transducers, which are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, while the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit is installed in said sealed enclosure. 25. An ultrasonic scanning device containing a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, a receiving emitting ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a connected amplifying path and a measured data processing unit, the generator output being connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer, the second output of the ultrasonic transducer connected to a common point in the electrical circuit, characterized in that the device includes a current transformer vodyaschy element connected with one of the terminals to the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer priemousilitelnogo tract input connected to said second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer through said conductive element. 26. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 25, characterized in that the conductive element indicated in claim 25 is made capable of creating a voltage drop of 0.1 to 3 V in the amplification mode of signals from the ultrasonic transducer. 27. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 25, wherein the active resistance of the conductive element indicated in claim 25 is from 3 to 300 Ohms. 28. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 25, characterized in that the conductive element indicated in claim 25 is made in the form of an inductive coil with an active resistance of 3 to 300 Ohms and an inductance of 10 to 300 μH. 29. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 25, wherein the conductive element indicated in claim 25 is made in the form of a resistor or semiconductor element forming a pn junction between said second conductive terminal of the key and the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer. 30. The ultrasonic scanning device according A.25, characterized in that the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasound transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier of said ultrasonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure. 31. An ultrasonic scanning device containing a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a servo amplified path and a measured data processing unit, the generator output connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer, the second output of the ultrasonic transducer connected to a common point in the electrical circuit, characterized in that the device includes a current transformer vodyaschy element, the voltage source output is connected to the input of the generator through said conductive element, whose resistance is 10 ohms. 32. The ultrasonic scanning device according to p. 31, characterized in that the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes many ultrasound transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to the amplification path, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier of said ultrasonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure. 33. An ultrasonic scanning device comprising a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasound transducer, a control circuit and a serially amplified path and a measured data processing unit, wherein the excitation pulse generator contains a capacitor, an electronically controlled key, having two conductive output and control input and capable of conducting electric current from one conductive output to another the conductive terminal, as well as the conductive element, the control input of the key is connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, the first conductive output of the key is connected to the first output of the capacitor and through the specified conductive element is connected to the output of the voltage source, the second output of the capacitor is connected to the first output of the ultrasonic transducer, the second the conductive terminal of the key is connected to the second terminal of the ultrasonic transducer, characterized in that the device includes a plurality of these generators of excitation pulse tori with ultrasonic transducers connected to them, the receiving amplifier includes at least one amplifier, the signal input of which is the signal input of the receiving amplifier, these generators or ultrasonic converters are connected to the signal input of the specified amplifier, the specified electronically controlled key on an element of a thyristor type or a bipolar transistor type, or a field transistor type. 34. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 33, wherein the device is designed as an in-line flaw detector, the device includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier of said ultrasonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure. 35. An ultrasonic scanning device comprising a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, a control circuit and a serially amplified path and a measured data processing unit, the amplified path includes an amplifier whose signal input is the signal input of the amplified path characterized in that the amplifier is made with an electronically controlled output and has a control input connected to one of the outputs of the control circuit, the amplifier is capable of opening and closing the specified output depending on the signal or potential at the control input of the amplifier. 36. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 35, characterized in that the device is designed as an in-line flaw detector, the device includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier of said ultrasonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure. 37. An ultrasonic scanning device comprising a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasound transducer, a control circuit and a serially amplified path and a measured data processing unit, and the transducer includes an amplifier whose signal input is the signal input of the transducer , characterized in that it includes at least four of these generators of exciting pulses with ultrasound transducers connected to them, wherein said generators or said ultrasonic transducers are connected to one amplifier. 38. The ultrasonic scanning device according to clause 37, wherein the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier of said ultrasonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure. 39. An ultrasonic scanning device comprising a voltage source connected in series, an excitation pulse generator, an ultrasonic transducer, a control circuit and a serially amplified path and a measured data processing unit, the amplified path includes an amplifier whose signal input is the signal input of the amplified path , characterized in that it includes many of these generators of exciting pulses with sub ultrasonic transducers connected to them, as well as many of these amplifiers, while the ultrasonic transducers are directly or through these generators connected to these amplifiers, the amplifier circuit also includes a common amplifier, the signal input of which is connected to the outputs of at least three of these amplifiers. 40. The ultrasonic scanning device according to claim 39, characterized in that the device is designed as an in-line flaw detector, the device includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier of said ultrasonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure. 41. An ultrasonic scanning device containing a series-connected voltage source, an excitation pulse generator, a receiving-emitting ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a series-connected receiving-amplifying path and a measured data processing unit, characterized in that it includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers, in addition to one at least twelve ultrasonic transducers are connected to the receiving amplifier channel 42. The ultrasonic scanning device according to paragraph 41, wherein the device is designed as an in-line flaw detector, the device includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier of said ultrasonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure. 43. An ultrasonic scanning device comprising a series-connected voltage source, a generator of exciting pulses, a receiving-emitting ultrasonic transducer, as well as a control circuit and a series-connected receiving amplifier and a processing unit for measured data, characterized in that the generator and receiving amplifier are structurally combined in one unit and sealed from the external environment, the device includes many ultrasonic transducers, while to one Loka connected at least thirty ultrasonic transducers. 44. The ultrasonic scanning device according to item 43, wherein the device is made in the form of an in-line flaw detector, the device includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers connected to one or more excitation pulse generators, as well as to a receiving amplifier, the measured data processing unit includes a series-connected means of analog-to-digital conversion of the measured data and means for recording digital data, the device also includes a sealed enclosure and a carrier of said ultrasonic transducers that are mounted on the carrier along a surface with axial symmetry, wherein the voltage source, the excitation pulse generator, the control circuit, the amplifier circuit and the measured data processing unit are installed in the specified hermetic enclosure.