RU30963U1 - Detonator checker - Google Patents

Description

The inventive utility model relates to the field of industrial blasting equipment. A cast detonator from a mixed explosive is claimed to be used primarily for initiating borehole charges of industrial explosives.

To date, a number of molten detonator blocks from mixed explosives are known to be used or recommended for use in mining enterprises. This is TGF-850E (utility model certificate No. 3642 dated 03/21/96), PDP-300; -400; -600 (certificate No. 13091 dated 10.26.99), TG-500, TG-500KD, TG-P600, TG-P850. They are made from fusible mixtures of TNT with RDX or PETN. Similar detonator drafts are produced abroad, for example, by Nitro-Nobel (Sweden) and Troyan Corporation (USA). The closest to the claimed utility model No. 3642, a shashkadetonator, made by bezkuskovoy filling of a mixture of TNT with phlegmatized hexogen.

The cost of the above mixtures of EX drafts is determined, first of all, by the price of a powerful explosive included in them, which is very expensive. Industrial practice and the results of marketing research indicate that consumer enterprises, all other things being equal, give a clear preference to cheaper checkers, despite the fact that their share in the total volume of explosives used is small.

The purpose of the claimed utility model is to significantly reduce the cost of new detonator drafts and, thereby, increase their competitiveness.

According to the proposed technical solution, this goal is achieved primarily by the use of TNT with ammonium nitrate, which is dozens of times cheaper material than hexogen or ten for the manufacture of checkers.

Injection mixtures of TNT with ammonium nitrate (ammotol) were widely used to equip ammunition as surrogate military explosives in the 2nd World War. However, their use in industrial detonator drafts was hindered by such disadvantages of ammotols as low susceptibility to detonation impulse and high hygroscopicity.

Studies performed by the authors have shown that these shortcomings can be overcome by circuit and technological solutions.

Since the initiating action of the detonator capsule is completely insufficient to initiate detonation in the molten ammotole, an additional charge from a powerful sensitive explosive located in the bottom zone of the nest corresponding to the location of the blasting explosive in the capsule is introduced into the design of the checkers. As a powerful sensitive explosive for an additional charge, for example, cast hexogen-containing mixtures, pentolites or pressed phlegmatized hexogen can be used.

For the manufacture of detonator drafts, an injection mixture with a nitrate content of 42 to 48 %% by weight was tested. It is this ratio of components that made it possible to obtain a mass of optimal fluidity, which ensures free filling of narrow spaces in the mold and smooth surface of the checker with free manual pouring.

The mixture gave a density of 1.53-1.56 g / cm in castings, had a detonation velocity of about 6000 m / s and the heat of explosive transformation close to 900 kcal / kg.

Of this mixture, full-sized detonator checkers weighing 500 g were made, the design of which is shown in Figure 1, where 1 is a channel, 2 is a socket, 3 is a mixture of TNT with ammonium nitrate and 4 is an additional charge.

The additional charge was a cylindrical casting mass weighing 15 g with a recess on the end surface of 10-15 mm, with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the nest. It was made from a mixture of TNT with hexogen in a ratio of 40/60, although other sensitive waterproof explosives, for example, pentolite or phlegmatized 1st hexogen, can be used. The mass and shape of the additional charge may also vary. An additional charge before pouring was installed by a recess on the forming core of the technological equipment.

The surface of the manufactured detonator drafts was covered with a waterproofing layer of paraffin-petrolatum mastic containing 65-75% paraffin and shown in Fig. 1, item 5, after which they were soaked in water for 10 days under a pressure of 3 atm, which simulated severe conditions their industrial use in flooded wells. After the lock, the checkers were tested by detonation from the electric detonator ED-8 and the detonating cord DSHE-12. In all cases, the detonation of the pieces was complete. To ensure reliable detonation

detonator drafts from the cords are provided with versions with the surface of the additional charge reaching the channel surface (FIG. 2 and FIG. 3), which gives direct contact of the additional charge with the detonating cord. Tests of checkers made according to the variant of figure 2, confirmed their operability from the cord with standard strapping.

In principle, the polymer coating, for example, the polyethylene shell of the checker, can partially serve as a waterproofing coating.

General Director of FSUE BHZ

G.B.Gilik

Claims (7)

1. A detonator sack made of a mixed explosive for industrial blasting, containing a channel and a nest for a capsule, characterized in that it contains an additional charge of a powerful explosive in the bottom zone of the nest, a mixed explosive is molten TNT with ammonium nitrate, and the surfaces are waterproofed . 2. Checker-detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional charge is in the form of a cylindrical checker with a recess from 10 to 15 mm, combined with the bottom of the socket. 3. Checker-detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional charge has a common surface with the channel. 4. Checker-detonator according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the additional charge is made from an injection mixture of TNT with RDX or PETN, or from phlegmatized RDX. 5. Checker-detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass fraction of components in the mixed explosive is, wt.%: Ammonium nitrate 42-48 TNT Else 6. Checker-detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the waterproofing material is a paraffin-petrolatum mastic containing, wt.%: Paraffin 65-75 Petrolatum Else 7. Checker-detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is located inside a plastic, for example, polyethylene shell.