RU2321821C2 - Primer block (modifications) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of blasting gears of explosive charge.

SUBSTANCE: three modifications of the primer block are offered. The primer block (modification 1) has an explosive charge in a cylindrical case and an insert of explosive with a seat for the primer cap and placed inside it on the side of one of the ends. The charge is made of a high explosive insensitive to the primary means of initiation. The insert is made of a high explosive sensitive to the primary means of initiation, it has two halves symmetric relative to the plane passing through the insert axis parallel with the central axis of the primer block. For location of the detonating cord in the explosive charge two through ducts located symmetrically to the insert are made, they are made in parallel with the central axis of the explosive charge and connected by a wedge-shape groove to the end face surface of the insert on the side of the seat for the primer cap. In the primer block of modifications 2 and 3 provision is made for another locating of the ducts for the means of initiation.

EFFECT: enhanced perceptibility to the means of initiation, reliable initiation and efficiency of action of the primer block.

24 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of creating means for blasting explosive charges (EXPLOSIVES), in particular to intermediate detonators designed to initiate downhole and other charges of industrial explosives in open pit mining, in wells of any water cut, including with running water, and can also find application in the form of an independent charge for industrial and military purposes.

Known checker-detonator (according to US patent 3037453 A, 06/05/1962, C06C 7/00), which is a cylindrical explosive charge (PETN-TNT, TNT, tetryl, tetryl-TNT, RDX-TNT and / or RDX-TNT- wax), in which there are two through channels symmetrical with respect to the central axis for initiating the checker using a detonating cord, and inside the center of the charge around the through channels there is a winding of a detonating cord from an explosive composition sensitive to initiation by a detonating cord.

Known checker detonator for industrial blasting (according to Russian patent No. 2242700 C2, 20.12.2004, F42B 1/04) containing a through channel and a nest for a capsule, made by pouring from a mixed explosive and provided in the bottom zone of the nest with an additional charge of a powerful explosive. A mixed explosive is TNT with 42-48% ammonium nitrate having a dispersion corresponding to a fraction of less than 200 microns from 20 to 50%, and fractions of more than 630 microns from 5-15%. The surface of the checker is covered with a layer of moisture-insulating paraffin-petrolatum mastic.

Known checker-detonator (according to US patent 3037452 A, 06/05/1962, C06B 1/04) containing a cylindrical main charge of an explosive material that is not sensitive to primary means of initiation, and a cylindrical core charge of an explosive material that is sensitive to primary means of initiation . The core charge is located coaxially inside the center of the main charge. The checker-detonator is designed to initiate with the help of a detonating cord, for which two through channels are made symmetrically about the central axis.

Known checker-detonator (according to US patent No. 2709407 A, 05/31/1955, F42B 3/00, 3/10) containing the main charge, enclosed in a cylindrical shell, and the charge core located coaxially inside the main charge. This checker-detonator is designed to initiate with the help of an electric detonator, for which it has a socket along the central axis, passing through the main charge into the core charge.

Known checker-detonator (according to US patent 3747527, 07.24.1973, F42B 1/04), including the main cylindrical charge of the insensitive to primary means of initiation of high-explosive explosives with perforation to accommodate an explosive device (detonating cord) and two placed inside this charge symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the checkers cylindrical additional charge of a more sensitive explosive with perforation along the central axis (for the detonator capsule), and the axis of charges is mainly pairs alleles of the central axis.

The closest analogue of the proposed invention to the design of the detonator block is the detonator block (patent for utility model RU 25345 U1, 09.27.2002, F42D 1/04) containing an explosive charge in which a through channel for a detonating cord and a cylindrical recess are formed for a detonator capsule, parallel to the through channel and offset to the periphery of the charge, the inlets of which are connected by a recess. The charge is placed in a cylindrical body, covering the charge on the side surface and on the end surface from the recess side, a hole is made in the end wall of the body in the form of a recess and having elements for fixing the position of the charge in the case on the side surface of the body. The through channel is located along the axis of the charge, the charge is made of a combination of two parts, of which the first part of the charge is made of explosive material, which is more sensitive to the initiating pulse, and placed inside the second part of the charge, made of explosive material, which has less sensitivity to the initiating pulse.

The common disadvantages of all known detonator drafts are the insufficient reliability of initiation by primary initiation means, associated with the features of the placement of channels and sockets for initiation means in the design of the detonator drafts, as well as the increased explosion hazard in the manufacture of the insert and the inability to manufacture it as an intermediate product.

An object of the invention is the creation of a detonator-checker having increased safety and reliability in use.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the susceptibility to the means of initiation, the reliability of the initiation of the detonator dash, and the effectiveness of the explosive initiating action of the dash detonator.

The technical result is achieved in three versions of the design of the checker-detonator.

Option 1:

A detonator bomb containing an explosive charge in a cylindrical shell and placed inside it from the side of one of the ends of an explosive insert with a nest for a detonator capsule made in it. The charge is made of a blasting explosive that is not sensitive to the primary means of initiation, and the liner is made of a blasting explosive that is sensitive to the primary means of initiation, of two parts symmetrical with respect to the plane passing through the axis of the liner parallel to the central axis of the detonator plate to accommodate the detonating cord two through channels are made in the explosive charge, located symmetrically relative to the insert, parallel to the central axis of the explosive charge and connected by a wedge-shaped groove along the end surface of the insert breathing from the side of the socket under the detonator capsule.

Option 2:

A detonator bomb containing an explosive charge in a cylindrical shell and placed inside it from the side of one of the ends of an explosive insert with a nest for a detonator capsule made in it. The charge is made of a blasting explosive that is not sensitive to the primary means of initiation, and the liner is made of a blasting explosive that is sensitive to the primary means of initiation, of two parts symmetrical with respect to the plane passing through the axis of the liner parallel to the central axis of the detonator plate to accommodate the detonating cord at the contact points of the insert and the charge located in the plane of connection of the two parts of the insert symmetrically to its central axis, two through channels are made parallel to the central axis of the dash and detonator and the combined wedge groove on the end face of the insert from the slot under the blasting cap.

Option 3:

A detonator bomb containing an explosive charge in a cylindrical shell and placed inside of it from the side of one of the ends of the explosive insert. The charge is made of a blasting explosive that is not sensitive to the primary means of initiation, and the liner is made of a blasting explosive that is sensitive to the primary means of initiation, of two parts symmetrical with respect to the plane passing through the central axis of the detonator block to accommodate the detonator capsule and detonating cord in the plane of connection of the two parts of the insert symmetrically to the central axis of the detonator-checker and at an angle to it from the location of the insert there are two channels connected by a wedge-shaped groove the front surface from the side of the location of the liner and converging into a through channel passing through the opposite end of the detonator block.

In all three versions of the design of the detonator-checker, any blasting explosive that is not sensitive to the primary means of initiation, for example molten TNT, a mixture of TNT-hexogen, powdery or gel-like, or emulsion industrial explosives, can be used to produce a blasting explosive charge, and for the manufacture of a liner from a blasting explosive, any blasting explosive that is sensitive to primary means of initiation, for example, pentolite or a mixture of TNT-hexogen, can be used. The insert can be made cylindrical, prismatic or other shape. The constituent parts of the liner can be connected by bonding or by means of elastic elements. A waterproofing coating may be applied to the surface of the channels for accommodating the initiating means (detonating cord and detonator capsule) and to the surface of the nest under the detonator capsule.

The invention is illustrated in figures 1-13.

Figure 1-4 shows a first example of the execution of the checker-detonator according to option 1, namely:

figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a checker-detonator (AA) passing through the central axis of the checker-detonator,

figure 2 shows a longitudinal section (B-B) along the plane of connection of the parts of the insert of the detonator block, passing through its central axis,

figure 3 shows a top view (C) of the detonator checker

figure 4 shows a cross-section (D-D) on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the detonator-checkers.

Figure 5 shows a second example of the execution of the detonator checker according to option 1 in the case when the axis of the insert does not coincide with its central axis, namely, the cross section of the detonator checker is shown on a plane perpendicular to its central axis.

In figures 1-5, the positions indicated:

1 - charge blisant explosive, not sensitive to primary means of initiation,

2 - shell (shown schematically),

3 - liner from the explosive, sensitive to primary means of initiation, made of a cylindrical shape,

4 - the plane of the connection of the two parts making up the liner,

5 - nest under the detonator capsule,

6 - wedge-shaped groove connecting the channels to accommodate the detonating cord,

7 - channels for accommodating a detonating cord.

In the design of the detonator checker according to option 1, when the insert 3 is placed in the explosive charge 1, the axis of the insert 3 can either coincide with the central axis of the detonator checker (see Figs. 1-4), but not, however, the axis of the insert must be parallel the central axis of the detonator checkers (see figure 5).

Figure 6-9 shows an example implementation of the checker-detonator according to option 2, namely:

figure 6 shows a longitudinal section (EE) passing through the Central axis of the detonator-checkers,

Fig.7 shows a longitudinal section (F-F) along the plane of connection of the parts of the liner passing through the Central axis of the checker-detonator,

on Fig shows a top view (G) of the detonator checker,

Fig. 9 shows a cross section (H-H) along a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the detonator block.

In figures 6-9, the positions indicated:

1 - charge blisant explosive, not sensitive to primary means of initiation,

2 - shell (shown schematically),

3 - liner from the explosive, sensitive to primary means of initiation, made of a cylindrical shape,

4 - the plane of the connection of the two parts making up the liner,

5 - nest under the detonator capsule,

6 - wedge-shaped groove connecting the channels to accommodate the detonating cord,

7 - channels for accommodating a detonating cord.

According to embodiment 2 of the execution of the detonator-checker, the location of two through channels 6 is determined by several conditions: the channels 6 must be parallel to the central axis of the checker-detonator and symmetrical about the axis of the liner 3, made at the contact points of the liner 3 and charge 1 located in the plane 4 of the connection parts of the liner 3. Ie the location of the channels 6 can vary within the plane 4 of the connection of the two parts of the liner 3, while the channels 7 pass through the liner 3, and through the explosive charge 1 at the same time. Several cases are possible, for example, channels 6 for the most part can pass through the body of insert 3, and vice versa - most of them can pass through the body of charge BB 1, and the axis of channels 7 can coincide with the contact line of insert 3 and charge 1 lying in the plane 4 of the connection of the parts of the liner 3. Thus, the location of the channels can vary based on the technological features of the specific production of parts from certain materials and the detonator dash as a whole.

As in option 1, in the design of the detonator checker according to option 2, when the insert 3 is placed in the explosive charge 1, the axis of the insert can either coincide with the central axis of the detonator check (see Figs. 6-9), but not, however the axis of the liner 3 should be parallel to the central axis of the detonator block.

Figure 10-13 shows an example implementation of the checker-detonator according to option 3, namely:

figure 10 shows a longitudinal section (I-I) passing through the Central axis of the checker-detonator,

figure 11 shows a longitudinal section (J-J) along the plane of connection of the parts of the liner passing through the Central axis of the checker-detonator,

on Fig shows a top view (K),

on Fig shows a cross section (L-L) on a plane perpendicular to the Central axis of the detonator-checkers.

In figures 10-13, the positions indicated:

1 - charge blisant explosive, not sensitive to primary means of initiation,

2 - shell (shown schematically),

3 - liner from the explosive, sensitive to primary means of initiation, made of a cylindrical shape,

4 - the plane of the connection of the two parts making up the liner,

6 - wedge-shaped groove connecting the channels for the detonating cord,

7 - channels for accommodating a detonating cord,

8 - a through channel passing through the explosive charge into which the channels for the detonating cord converge,

9 - elastic elements for connecting two parts of the liner.

The manufacture of the proposed checker-detonator (options) can be carried out as follows: symmetric halves are preliminarily formed — parts of the insert by pouring into a mold, the bottom of which is the connection surface of the insert parts, with the possibility of forming channels for initiating means (SI), the manufactured insert parts are assembled with using adhesive compositions or elastic elements in a single body, place the liner in the shell casing or in the injection mold and fill the space around the liner with explosive the main charge by the method of filling or filling.

The proposed structural solution of the detonator checkers (options) with a core in the form of a composite insert has the following features and advantages:

- in the manufacture of the liner, the dangerous operation of removing the casting (for example, from pentolite) from the channel-forming mandrel pins is excluded;

- the shape of the channels can be any, i.e. not only cylindrical;

- to increase the contact surface and the reliability of initiation from the LH in the core body, a recess (groove) of a wedge-shaped shape can be formed;

- when using pentolites with a high content of TENA as a material for the manufacture of a liner by pouring, it is possible to stratify the mixture after pouring, while the TENa content in the zone near the plane of contact of the liner parts increases, which contributes to increased sensitivity to primary SR;

- when assembling the liner from the halves in the plane of their contact, additional elastic elements can be placed for fixing the SI and pressing them to the channel surface, i.e. to BB;

- insert, i.e. parts of it can be produced as intermediate finished products and transferred to other enterprises for assembly into hulls and forming detonator blocks, which excludes the transportation of hazardous explosives, such as dispersed heating elements, and also reduces the volume and distance of transportation of finished detonator charges by a large masses.

Claims (24)

1. A detonating bomb containing an explosive charge (BB) in a cylindrical shell and placed inside of it from the side of one of the ends of an explosive insert with a nest for a detonator capsule, characterized in that the charge is made of a blasting explosive insensitive to primary means of initiation, and the liner is made of blasting explosive, sensitive to the primary means of initiation, of two parts symmetrical with respect to the plane passing through the axis of the liner parallel to the central axis of the detonator block, d I accommodate the detonating cord explosive charge in the two bores are made which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the insert, parallel with the center axis of the explosive charge and the combined wedge groove on the end face of the insert from the slot under the detonator cap. 2. The detonator bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that cast TNT, a mixture of TNT-RDX, powdered, or gel-like, or emulsion industrial explosives are used as a blasting explosive insensitive to primary means of initiation. 3. Checker-detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that pentolite or a mixture of TNT-hexogen is used as a blasting explosive sensitive to primary means of initiation. 4. Checker-detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the liner is cylindrical. 5. Checker-detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the liner is prismatic. 6. Checker-detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the constituent parts of the liner are connected by gluing. 7. Checker-detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the constituent parts of the liner are connected by means of elastic elements. 8. Checker-detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that a waterproofing coating is applied to the surface of the channels to accommodate the detonating cord and to the surface of the nest under the detonator capsule. 9. A detonator bomb containing an explosive charge (BB) in a cylindrical shell and placed inside of it from the side of one of the ends of an explosive insert with a nest for a detonator capsule, characterized in that the charge is made of a blasting explosive insensitive to primary means of initiation, and the liner is made of blasting explosive, sensitive to the primary means of initiation, of two parts symmetrical with respect to the plane passing through the axis of the liner parallel to the central axis of the detonator block, d i placing the detonating cord in the points of contact of the liner and the charge located in a plane connecting two parts of the liner symmetrically of its central axis, two bores are made parallel to the central axis of the detonator-checkers and connected by a wedge-shaped groove of the end surface of the insert from the slot under the detonator cap. 10. The detonator bomb according to claim 9, characterized in that cast TNT, a mixture of TNT-RDX, powdered, or gel-like, or emulsion industrial explosives are used as a blasting explosive insensitive to primary means of initiation. 11. Checker-detonator according to claim 9, characterized in that pentolite or a mixture of TNT-hexogen is used as a blasting explosive sensitive to primary means of initiation. 12. Checker-detonator according to claim 9, characterized in that the liner is cylindrical. 13. Checker-detonator according to claim 9, characterized in that the liner is prismatic. 14. Checker-detonator according to claim 9, characterized in that the constituent parts of the liner are connected by gluing. 15. Checker-detonator according to claim 9, characterized in that the constituent parts of the liner are connected by means of elastic elements. 16. Checker-detonator according to claim 9, characterized in that a waterproofing coating is applied to the surface of the channels to accommodate the detonating cord and to the surface of the socket under the detonator capsule. 17. A detonator bomb containing a charge of explosive (BB) in a cylindrical shell and placed inside it from the side of one of the ends of an explosive insert, characterized in that the charge is made of a blasting explosive that is insensitive to primary means of initiation, and the liner is made of blasting EXPLOSIVES, sensitive to primary means of initiation, of two parts, symmetrical with respect to a plane passing through the central axis of the detonator checker, for placing the detonator capsule and detonating cord in the plane is connected I insert two parts symmetrically to the central axis checkers detonator and at an angle thereto with two channels formed side liner arrangement connected wedge-shaped groove on the end side surface of the insert location and converging in a through passage extending through the opposite end of the detonator checkers. 18. The detonator bomb according to claim 17, characterized in that cast brotyl, a mixture of trotyl-hexogen, powdered, or gel-like, or emulsion industrial explosives are used as a blasting explosive insensitive to primary means of initiation. 19. Checker-detonator according to claim 17, characterized in that pentolite or a mixture of TNT-hexogen is used as a blasting explosive sensitive to primary means of initiation. 20. Checker-detonator according to claim 17, characterized in that the insert is cylindrical. 21. Checker-detonator according to claim 17, characterized in that the liner is prismatic. 22. Checker-detonator according to claim 17, characterized in that the constituent parts of the liner are connected by gluing. 23. Checker-detonator according to claim 17, characterized in that the constituent parts of the liner are connected by means of elastic elements. 24. Checker-detonator according to claim 17, characterized in that a waterproofing coating is applied to the surface of the channel for receiving the detonator capsule and the detonating cord and to the surface of the through channel.

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