RU30946U1 - Hot water boiler - Google Patents

Description

The proposed boiler is designed for individual heating and hot water supply of apartments in residential buildings up to 10 floors high, individual residential buildings, housing and communal services and social facilities with heating systems with natural and forced circulation of water.

Known hot water heating boilers of various designs, for example, certificate for utility model No. 8453 of 04/04/98. (1), Utility Model Certificate No. 8091 of 03/12/97. (2), copyright certificate for the invention No. 1760256 dated 04.16.90. (3), copyright certificate for the invention No. 1772537 of 07.14.89. (4), copyright certificate for the invention No. 386213 of 11.16.71. (5), copyright certificate for the invention No. 1643886 of 01.19.89. (6), utility model certificate No. 8452 of 10.20.97. and etc.

The closest analogue to the proposed hot water boiler is a heating boiler according to the utility model certificate No. 8453 of 02/04/98. (1). The specified boiler contains a rectangular housing in which a firebox with two autonomous consecutive gas ducts is placed, which are equipped with heat-exchange elements in the form of water pipes assembled in vertical rows transversely arranged in a checkerboard pattern. However, this heating boiler has the following disadvantages. It is designed either for hot water supply or for heating residential buildings, depending on which system the heated water pipes will be connected to. The boiler is not tight from the environment of the apartment and, therefore, burns oxygen in the room in which it is installed. In addition, the boiler has insufficient water heating efficiency, since not all water pipes are simultaneously washed by the products of fuel combustion, but only those that are located in the closest to the flue of the gas duct, when the combustion products rise up. For the operation of the boiler, a vertical channel is required in the installed room.

The aim of the proposed model is to ensure the integrity of the boiler from the environment of the apartment and increase the efficiency of heat transfer.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the boiler body is sealed, the convective gas duct in its upper part is made trapezoidal in one piece with a smoke box into which a telescopic pipe is inserted that exits through the wall to the outside

buildings and having channels for supplying air to the furnace to the gas burner and for ejecting combustion products, side screen horizontal pipes are installed in the lower part of the boiler furnace, horizontal water pipes of different diameters are installed in the middle and upper parts of the furnace, which are connected to the screen pipes by means of the front and rear water chambers of the boiler, in the convective gas duct the pipes are arranged horizontally in a checkerboard pattern and are also connected to the front and rear water chambers of the boiler. In the boiler, heat transfer occurs with the free movement of the coolant, i.e. free movement of gases occurs: the burnt gas heats up and becomes lighter (“pops up according to the law of Archimedes), which creates a continuous movement of the coolant, which washes the bundle of pipes with a checkerboard arrangement. Pipes located across the flow cause additional turbulation to improve heat transfer. The intensity of pipe washing is determined by the distance between them in the same row and the distance between the pipes of two adjacent rows diagonally. This arrangement changes the speed of the coolant, and this eliminates the formation of a "boundary layer on the pipes and the cooled coolant" is detached from the pipes, which also improves heat transfer. Moreover, the cross-sectional area between the pipes of the first row is 1.5 to 2.5 times larger than the cross-sectional area between the pipes of the last row, which is achieved by the trapezoidal arrangement of the pipes in the upper part of the boiler. This design makes it possible to smoothly accelerate the coolant to a speed of about two times higher than the free-flow, which increases the heat transfer coefficient in the tube bundle by about 1.5 times. In addition, an additional channel (bypass) connected to the rear water chamber is made in the rear part of the boiler, in which a heat exchanger for hot water supply is located, and the presence of an additional channel makes it possible to use it as a parallel element for heat extraction, i.e. it effectively performs the function of taking out the heat generated by the boiler, and the heat exchanger is made in the form of a twisted coil, when water moves along it, centrifugal forces arise that mix the water and create artificial turbulence throughout the coil, which ultimately improves heat transfer.

In FIG. 1 shows a front view in section, in FIG. 2 shows a side view (schematically) of the proposed hot-water boiler, in which the furnace 1 is located. Screen tubes 2 are installed in the lower part of the furnace 1, and furnace pipes 3 of different diameters are installed in the middle and upper parts of the furnace, which are included in the boiler circulation circuit through the front 4 and rear 5 water chambers. The furnace 1 in its upper part passes into a convective gas duct 6 of a trapezoidal shape. In the lower part of the furnace 1, a gas burner 7 is installed, located above the bottom 8 of the boiler body and connected to the automation system 9. Products

gas combustion through the smoke box 10 and the upper part of the pipe 11 are removed outside the living room. Through the lower part of the pipe 11 of the chimney box 10 passes the channel for supplying air to the furnace 1 to the gas burner 7 (for example, “pipe in pipe”).

In the rear part of the boiler, an additional channel (bypass) 12 is connected to the rear water chamber 5. The boiler body has thermal insulation 13, cover 14. For connecting to heating and gas supply systems in the apartment, the boiler has pipes 15 for connecting the heating system and pipe 16 for accession to the gas pipeline. In the bypass 12 there is a coil having a pipe 17 for connecting to a water supply system and a pipe 18 for connecting to an apartment’s hot water supply system.

The boiler operates as follows.

When gas is burned in the furnace 1, the side screen pipes 2 and furnace pipes 3 are heated. Since the gas duct in the upper part is trapezoidal and the pipes in it are arranged horizontally in a checkerboard pattern, the coolant speed changes, and this violates the formation of the “boundary layer - the cooled heat carrier “breaks away from the pipes, which improves heat transfer, while the heat transfer coefficient in the beam increases by about 1.5 times due to the cross-sectional area between the pipes of the first row larger than the cross-sectional area between the pipes the last row is about 1.5 to 2.5 times, and this makes it possible to smoothly disperse the coolant rate of about 2 times higher than the incoming flow freely. The spent coolant through the smoke box 10 and the upper part of the pipe 11 is discharged outside the living room. At the same time, air enters the firebox from the street along the bottom of this channel.

Heated pipes 2 and 3 are connected to the front 4 and rear 5 water chambers. The temperature of water heating in the boiler is set before the boiler starts and is monitored by the automation system 9. When the water leaving the boiler is heated to a temperature corresponding to the value set by the water temperature controller, the automation system 9 shuts off the gas supply to the main burner. After cooling the water in the heating system by a certain amount, the gas supply to the main burner is automatically restored.

If during operation of the boiler, water from the water supply is piped 17 to the hot water supply coil, then the water heated in bypass 12 heats the coil and from it through the pipe 18 will flow to the consumer’s hot water mixers.

The sealed design of the proposed hot water boiler eliminates the need for a vertical channel in the installed room, since the combustion air and the emission of combustion products are carried out through the external wall of the buildings.

Sources of information

1. Certificate for utility model No. 8453 of 02/04/98.

2. Certificate for Utility Model No. 8091 dated 03/12/97.

3. The certificate of invention №1760256 of 04.16.90g.

4. The certificate of invention №1772537 from 07.14.89.

5. The certificate of invention №386213 of 11.16.71.

6. Copyright certificate for the invention No. 1643886 of 01.19.89.

7. Certificate for utility model No. 8452 of 10.20.97.

Claims (1)

A boiler containing a housing in which a furnace and a convective gas duct are arranged above it with heat exchange elements located in it in the form of transversely arranged water pipes assembled in vertical rows, characterized in that the boiler body is sealed, the convective gas duct in its upper part is made integral with the smoke box, in which the telescopic pipe is placed, extending outside the buildings and having channels for supplying air to the furnace to the gas burner and for the emission of combustion products, horizontal screened pipes are installed in the lower part of the furnace, horizontal furnace water pipes of different diameters are installed in the middle and upper parts of the furnace, which are connected to the screen pipes with the help of the front and rear water chambers of the boiler, the convective gas duct is made in a trapezoidal shape and the water pipes are arranged horizontally in it in a checkerboard pattern and also connected to the front and rear water chambers of the boiler, while the cross-sectional area between the pipes of the first row is larger than the cross-sectional area between slabs of the last row by 1.5-2.5 times, in the rear of the boiler there is an additional channel connected to the rear water chamber, in which a heat exchanger is made, made in the form of a twisted coil, which is connected to the water supply at one end and to the system at the other end hot water supply, in front of the boiler there is an automation system connected to a gas burner.