RU29205U1 - Forage harvester - Google Patents

Description

Forage harvester.

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering, more specifically to agricultural engineering, in particular to the production of forage harvesting equipment.

The development of price-conscious aggregates and equipment for introducing chemical preservatives into the plant mass at the same time as harvesting is known (see book by A.V. Korotkevich “Technologies and machines for harvesting feed from grasses and silage crops. Minsk,“ Urodzhay, 1990, p. 288) .

Tests and inspections in the production environment showed that trailed units for introducing liquid preservatives proved to be economically inefficient due to their complex design and high price. In addition, thawing machines reduced the maneuverability of the harvesting complex, halving the shift performance of the forage harvester. Therefore, they are not widespread. Combine-mounted equipment was found to be more acceptable O1.

A device for forage harvesters for adding preservatives UVK-F-1, designed to introduce liquid organic acids into the silage mass when mowing and

2002126423

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& D2126423

M1ZH-7: A 01 D 78/02; 82/00; 84/00

-2crop grinding, hung on

fodder harvesting units and consisting of a tank, a metering device, an ejector, an ejector sleeve, a control panel, a sprayer, a pump with an electric motor, and a pump drive from the mains of the forage harvester (see also pages 289-291).

According to the given schematic diagram, the atomizer is installed in the silo conductor in its upper part, at the inlet of the crushed mass into the deflector deflected laterally.

The disadvantages of this design include the presence of an additional electric motor. In addition, this arrangement of the atomizer contributes to its frequent clogging by particles of the crushed mass, since it is located in the place where its main stream passes. At the same time, even insignificant clogging of the sprayer reduces the efficiency of processing the plant mass with a preservative, and its significant clogging sharply reduces the reliability of the known device.

A device for introducing preservatives UZHK-3, selected as the closest analogue, is intended for use in harvesting grain crops with E-281 type forage harvesters, which have pneumatic compressors and compressed air receivers and the main nodes of which are: a container for sprayed liquid, a sleeve system, apparatus

for regulation and control and spray tip (see ibid., pp. 291-292).

This device is mounted on a forage harvester containing a chopping unit with a silo conduit, mounted on the chassis and a working body.

As the drive of the device for introducing preservatives, a receiver of the forage harvester is used. The preservative under pressure of compressed air through the sleeves, the fluid flow regulator, the spray tip enters the chopper of the forage harvester, where it is mixed with the crushed mass.

Thanks to the use of a forage harvester for the air receiver, the installation design has been greatly simplified.

However, the flow of liquid into the grinder also does not provide sufficient efficiency and reliability of the device, since the spray tip placed in the grinder is also often clogged. Moreover, its location complicates its installation, and also limits access to it, which complicates its maintenance.

-3 Thus, the technical result, to the decision

which this utility model is aimed at, is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the device, as well as to simplify its installation and maintenance.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known forage harvester, containing; we grind the aggregate with a silo feed, mounted on the chassis, a working body and mounted on the combine, driven by its receiver, a device for introducing liquid additives into the crushed plant mass, including ; its capacity with the introduced liquid additive, the sleeve system, equipment for regulating and controlling the device and the nozzle, according to the utility model, the nozzle is installed in the silo from the lower side of the segment its deflector, at the exit of which the direction of movement of the ground mass changes.

As an option, the nozzle is installed at the interface between the lower elements of the deflector, made integral along the entire length of the hollow tetrahedral elements connected in series.

And the container for liquid additives is placed with the back

-4 side chopping unit.

The location of the nozzle in the claimed location, according to the authors, contributes to a significant increase in the efficiency of introducing liquid additives into the ground mass and increases the reliability of the design.

This is due to the fact that it is from the lower side of the deflector and precisely in its segment, at the exit of which the crushed mass changes its direction of movement, that an area free of the crushed mass with reduced pressure is formed, which almost completely eliminates nozzle clogging, as well as provides additional suction of the liquid additive in the spray zone. In addition, in this section, the layer thickness of the moving ground mass is reduced compared to other sections, due to which the conditions for introducing a liquid additive are significantly improved, in particular, the uniformity of their application is increased.

At the same time, the location of the nozzle in the claimed place greatly simplifies its installation and maintenance, since access to this place is facilitated.

And the location of the nozzle at the interface between the lower elements of the deflector, made integral along the entire length of

-5 sequentially interconnected hollow tetrahedral elements, in addition to ensuring the efficiency and reliability of the device, significantly improves the installation conditions of the nozzle and its operation, since this place is the connection point, and does not require additional measures for its installation.

And finally, the location of the container for liquid additives on the back of the grinding unit, in terms of efficiency, reliability and ease of use, is the most rational.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the inventive forage harvester; in fig. 2 is a spraying pattern of a preservative additive with the inventive nozzle arrangement, in fig. 3 is a schematic pneumohydraulic scheme for introducing liquid additives.

The forage harvester contains a chopping unit 1, a silo conduit consisting of a base 2 and a deflector 3, a running gear containing two pneumatic wheels 4, a bale 5 for attachment to a traction unit (tractor) (not shown) and a working body, for example, pick-up 6. - 6 capacity 8 with liquid additives (preserving bioadditives),

equipped with a sleeve system 9 and nozzle 10.

The silo deflector 3 is made integral along the entire length of the hollow tetrahedral elements 11 connected in series.

The nozzle 10 is mounted with its spraying part on the lower side of the deflector 3 in the place of pairing of its lower elements 11 - (a) and (b).

This place is a segment of the deflector 3, at the exit of which the direction of movement of the crushed mass changes.

The device operates as follows.

The beveled mass is selected by pick-up 6, fed to the grinding apparatus 1 with the help of auger 12, where it is crushed and thrown into a silo line, where a nozzle 10 is installed inside the deflector 3 with its spraying part, which atomizes the liquid additive, uniformly processing the nozzle 10 passing by ground mass. The processed ground mass is thrown into the vehicle (not shown) and ready for laying is taken away from the field to the silo.

-7 nozzle 10 through the suction line 9 is provided with

using the pneumatic system of the tractor. From the receiver 13 of the tractor brake system, air is supplied through a pressure reducing valve 14, in which the pressure is reduced to the established one, to the inlet of the air distributor 15 and to the container 8, in which increased pressure is created, which displaces the liquid additive in the sleeve 9 and then into the nozzle 10.

-8

Claims (3)

1. A forage harvester containing a grinding unit with a silo conduit mounted on the chassis, a working body and a device for introducing liquid additives into the crushed plant mass, mounted on a combine with a drive from its receiver, including a container with a liquid additive, a hose system, and regulation equipment and control the device and the nozzle, characterized in that the nozzle is installed in the silo from the bottom of the segment of its deflector, at the exit of which the direction of movement changes and grinding the mass. 2. The forage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle is installed at the interface of the lower elements of the deflector, made integral along the entire length of the hollow tetrahedral elements connected in series. 3. Forage harvester according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tank for liquid additives is located on the back of the grinding unit.