RU28368U1 - Collapsible small-panel formwork - Google Patents

Description

Dismountable - Creepable small-panel formwork

The technical solution relates to construction and can be used in the construction of monolithic reinforced concrete buildings and structures, mainly a cellular structure, such as vegetable plants, garages, etc.

Known small-panel interchangeable formwork for the construction of reinforced concrete buildings with a cellular structure (certificate for PM of the Russian Federation No. 19857, E 04 G 11/02, publ. 10.10.2001), which is a metal-wooden formwork containing an inner ring of panels placed around the perimeter of the inner walls of each each cell having metal corner panels and ordinary wall panels, while the corner panels are placed at an angle to the adjacent ordinary panels of adjacent walls. The formwork also contains rows of panels of the outer walls, consisting of ordinary panels and additional ones located at the corners of the building and in the connectors between the panels of adjacent cells. At the same time, the ordinary panels of the outer and inner formwork are made of metal-wooden sections horizontally stacked on top of each other to the height of the walls. Each metasha-wooden section is made in the form of vertically arranged wooden boards enclosed in a metal frame, and has a length on the width of the wall. The sections of the opposing shields of the outer and inner formwork are connected by fastening elements, and vertical fastening support beams are made under the fastening elements on the outer sides of the opposing pairs of shields.

The main disadvantages of such formwork are: insufficient unification of metal - wooden sections, the length of which depends on the width of the wall being erected; the need for pre-processing wood

surfaces of panels before assembly, as when dismantling, it lags behind concrete poorly and leaves an uneven surface that requires additional finishing; as well as the fragility of wooden-metal shields.

Closest to the proposed is collapsible formwork of metal panels (certificate for PM of the Russian Federation No. 4767, E 04 G 11 | 02, publ. 16.08.97), including a ring of the inner formwork of each cell made of vertically mounted metal panels, each the corner shield is installed at an angle to the adjacent ordinary shields of adjacent walls, as well as the rows of vertical metal panels of the outer formwork, containing ordinary and additional shields, while the ordinary shields of the inner formwork ring are connected to the ordinary shields of the outer decks through the fastening elements, and between the rows of the outer and inner formwork clamps are placed. In addition, this formwork has supporting frame elements laid along the perimeter of the base of the inner walls of each cell and along the base of the outer walls of the structure.

The main disadvantages of this formwork are: the presence of supporting frame elements at the base of the formwork, which are difficult to remove when stripping or not removed at all, in connection with which there is a loss of metal; the possibility of deflection along the height of vertical metal shields, which are usually made of relatively thin sheets of metal; insufficient strength of fastening of corner and additional panels of the outer and inner formwork, as well as the difficulty of fastening the armature to the design position.

The objectives of the proposed technical solution are: to exclude the possibility of deflection of vertical metal panels and to provide greater rigidity, to improve the fastening system of both ordinary and angular and additional panels together,) to reduce the weight of ordinary panels by reducing the metal consumption for their manufacture, to ensure the unification of all types of panels used in formwork, as well as facilitate the installation of fittings

in design position. All these measures will reduce the laboriousness of the assembly - disassembly of the formwork, as well as improve the surface quality of the erected reinforced concrete buildings and structures and as a result significantly reduce or eliminate the additional costs of plastering the wall surface.,

The problem is solved due to the fact that when using a metal formwork containing a ring of metal shields of the inner formwork, placed along the perimeter of the inner walls of each cell, having ordinary shields and angular, angled to adjacent adjacent shields of adjacent walls, as well as rows of metal shields of the outer formwork having ordinary and additional boards located around the perimeter of the external walls of the building, connected to the shields of the rings of the internal formwork by fastening elements, as well as clamps, it is proposed each ordinary metal shield of the outer and inner formwork should be made with through transverse wooden inserts spaced along the height of the shield, and the corner shield of the ring of the inner formwork should be made - shaped, the sides of which extending from the central corner part are used to place fasteners with opposing additional outer shields formwork, and the curved ends of which are used for butt connection with adjacent ordinary shields of the inner formwork of adjacent walls.

At the same time, each through insert of an ordinary metal shield is made in the form of a wooden board with a metal frame.

As well as ordinary metal panels of the outer and inner formwork of each wall, they are additionally fastened together with metal horizontal beams with a length to the width of the wall, located in the places of insertion along the length of the panels.

In addition, each type of panels used in the outer and inner formwork: ordinary, internal corner, additional and additional angular, as well as a shield for the doorway - is made of one standard size.

at the same time, the distance clamps between the external and internal formwork are made of wood, mounted on wooden panels inserts and have cuts to accommodate the fittings in the design position.

The design of the proposed formwork is illustrated by the attached drawings. In FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the arrangement of shields of two adjacent cells; in FIG. 2 is a plan view of the placement of internal corner panels when executing individual columns;

in FIG. 3 - section along AA, front view of the shields of two internal walls; in FIG. 4 is a section along BB, front view of the shields of two cells from the side of the doorways;

in FIG. 5 is a front view of one main ordinary formwork shield; in FIG. 6 is a side view of the main ordinary formwork shield; in FIG. 7 is a view of the corner shield of the ring of the inner formwork of the cell; in FIG. 8 is a profile view of a corner shield; in FIG. 9 is a front view of an additional shield of an outer formwork; in FIG. 10 is a front view of a formwork shield for a doorway.

The formwork contains (Fig. 1) metal shields of the inner formwork vertically mounted around the perimeter of the cell’s inner walls: ordinary shds 1 and shields 2 for the doorway of each cell, which are connected into the ring by corner shields 3 placed at an angle to the shields 1 or 1 and 2 of the adjacent walls. The outer formwork contains the same row-type panels 1 (opposing the panels 1 of the inner formwork), additional panels 4 located in the connectors between the ordinary panels 1 or 1 and 2 cells, and additional) rear panels 5 connected at the junction of the angle ugo; 6 Opposing shields 1 and 2 of the inner and outer formwork, as well as inner corner shields 3 and additional shields 4 and 5 of the outer formwork are interconnected by clamping elements (tubes) 7 of the fastening passing through the through holes in the shields. The vertical row boards 1 of the inner and outer formwork of each wall are additionally connected by horizontal tie beams 8 in length to the width of the wall.

arranged in parallel rows along the height of the shields (Fig.Z). Between the rows of panels of the inner and outer formwork are placed clamps 9 (bosses), fixing the thickness of the cast structure, as well as serving for installation in the design position of the reinforcement if necessary. The ordinary shield 1 of the formwork (FIGS. 5 and 6) is made of a metal frame in the form of an angular profile to which the deck material (metal or textolite sheets) is attached. Along the height of the shield 1 there are parallel through inserts 10. Each insert is made in the form of a wooden board in a metal frame. The inserts 10 divide the deck material into parts, and act as stiffening belts for the shield, protecting it from deflection in height. The inserts 10 also serve to fasten the boards together, as on them are the pulling beams 8 and fastening elements 7, as well as the latches 9. The number of inserts 10 is determined by the thickness and height of the cast structure. The corner baseboard 3 of the inner formwork (Fig. 7) is made of welded metal strips and corners welded to them in the form of a {- shaped profile shape. Such a shield has lateral sides 11c with curved ends 12 (Fig. 8). The sides 11 serve to accommodate the fastening elements 7 with opposing additional boards of the outer formwork, and the curved ends 12 serve for the butt connection (for example, using hinges w :; wedges) with the adjacent shields 1 or 1 and 2 of the adjacent walls (Fig. 1). In addition, the inner corner panels 3 can be used independently for the construction of columns (figure 2) as separate buildings. In this case, four or more corner panels 3 are used, connected to each other by clamping elements 7 of the fastening with fixing the distance between them by the clamps 9.

Additional panels 4 and 5 (Fig. 9) are made of a corner metal frame to which the deck material (metal or textolite) is attached. The height of the shield transverse stripes are stiffening ribs 13 of metal strips or. The design of stiffeners and their number is determined by the thickness and height of the sewn design. Shield for door

the aperture (Fig. 10) is made of a metal frame on which a deck 14 of a sheet of metal is fixed in the upper part and metal crossbars 15 are fixed along the length of the part for the doorway to accommodate the attachment points of the opposing shields 2.

The formwork is assembled in the following order: the inner formwork panels are assembled into a ring; clamps (lugs) are stuffed to wooden stiffening belts of ordinary boards, lugs are fastened to lugs in the design position (if it is provided in the design), reinforcing meshes are inserted into cuts on lugs, and the location of the cuts corresponds to the position of the reinforcing mesh in the structure; external formwork panels are assembled; the shields of each wall are pulled together by beams and the shields of the outer and inner formwork are pulled together by means of tubes with wedges. After pouring concrete and gaining strength, formwork is removed and shields are installed in the following cells.

Thus, the proposed design of metal formwork has the following advantages:

-increasing the stiffness of the shield due to the inserts - stiffening belts that protect the shield from deflection and create the convenience of attaching the shields to each other and opposing pairs of shields;

-decrease in metal consumption, especially when using PCB instead of metal, and reducing the weight of the shield, which is more convenient when assembling the formwork dismantling;

-use of standardization of standard sizes of boards provides convenience and reduces the time for assembly-disassembly of formwork and the cost of its manufacture; unification of an ordinary shield allows to make cells of any sizes;

- the design of the internal corner shield not only improves the formwork fastening system, but also allows you to fill in individual columns and building block structures.

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Claims (5)

1. Collapsible small-panel formwork for concrete construction of cellular structures, including a ring of metal shields of the inner formwork, placed along the perimeter of the inner walls of each cell and having ordinary shields and corner panels, angled to adjacent adjacent shields of adjacent walls, and rows of metal shields of the outer formwork having ordinary and additional boards placed around the perimeter of the external walls of the building and connected to the shields of the rings of the inner formwork by fastening elements, as well as latches, characterized the fact that each ordinary metal shield of the outer and inner formwork contains through transverse wooden inserts spaced along the height of the shield, and the corner shield of the ring of the inner formwork has

-shaped form, the sides of which extending from the central corner portion serve to accommodate fastening elements with opposing shields of the outer formwork, and the bent ends of which serve for the butt connection with adjacent ordinary shields of the inner formwork of adjacent walls. 2. The formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that each through insert of an ordinary shield of the outer and inner formwork is made in the form of a wooden board with a metal frame. 3. The formwork according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ordinary metal panels of the outer and inner formwork of each wall are additionally connected together by horizontal horizontal metal beams of a wall width located at the locations of the inserts along the length of the panels. 4. Formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each type of panels used in the outer and inner formwork: ordinary, internal corner, additional and additional angular, as well as a shield for the doorway is made of one standard size. 5. The formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the distance clamps between the external and internal formwork are made of wood, mounted on wooden inserts of ordinary panels and have cuts to place the reinforcement in the design position.