RU2824856C2 - Gas-liquid separator of vortex type - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: separation of dispersed particles from gases using centrifugal forces. Separator comprises a vertical cylindrical body, upper and lower bottoms, inlet, outlet and drain branch pipes, a deflector plate. The separator also includes a separation package consisting of flat curved separation plates, in the lower part of which there is an anti-swirler. The anti-wrapper consists of upper and lower partitions, between which guides are placed. The upper partition of the anti-swirl is made cone-shaped, tapering downwards and provided with a hole at the bottom.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to ensure the removal of liquid from the upper surface of the anti-swirler and thus reduce the amount of liquid with which the vortex gas flow contacts inside the separation package. This reduces the effect of liquid re-entrainment into the separator outlet.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

Field of technology

The claimed invention relates to the field of separating dispersed particles from gases using centrifugal forces. The claimed vortex-type gas-liquid separator can be used in the oil, gas, chemical and other industries.

State of the art

Among gas separators, a group of separators is known (patents RU 2304455, 2007; RU 58379, 2006; RU 2299756, 2007; RU 59436, 2006; RU 2377049, 2009; RU 90701, 2010; RU 2356600, 2009; RU 2366489, 2009; RU 2311946, 2007; RU 2366490, 2009; RU 2366491, 2009), containing a vertical cylindrical body, upper and lower bottoms, inlet, outlet and drain pipes, a deflector, a vertical separation package consisting of vertical flat curved separation plates, which form slotted channels in the overlap zone, upper and lower axial disks located in the lower part of the separation package, connected by means of radial plates.

A group of vortex-type gas-liquid separators is known (patents RU 107705, 2011; RU 2452555, 2012; RU 106133, 2011; RU 2454266, 2012), the design of which is similar to the above-mentioned one. In these separators, the upper and lower axial disks located in the lower part of the separation package, connected by means of radial plates, form an anti-swirler.

The disadvantage of all the above separators is that the upper axial disk of the anti-swirler is made flat. This leads to the fact that during operation of the separator, a relatively large amount of low-mobility liquid accumulates on the upper surface of this disk, which constantly contacts the vortex flow inside the separation package, facilitating secondary entrainment of liquid into the outlet pipe.

Disclosure of invention

The technical problem that the proposed technical solution is aimed at solving is the reduction of secondary liquid entrainment.

The technical result provided by the proposed technical solution is to ensure the removal of liquid from the upper surface of the anti-swirler and thus reduce the amount of liquid with which the vortex gas flow inside the separation package contacts. This leads to a reduction in the effect of secondary liquid entrainment into the outlet branch pipe of the separator.

The essence of the invention is that the vortex-type gas-liquid separator contains a vertical cylindrical body, upper and lower bottoms, inlet, outlet and drain pipes, a deflector plate, a separation package consisting of flat curved separation plates, in the lower part of which an anti-swirler is placed, which is an upper and lower partition, between which guides are placed. It is distinguished by the fact that the upper partition of the anti-swirler is made conical, tapering downwards and provided with an opening at the bottom.

Due to the conical shape of the upper partition of the anti-swirler, the liquid falling on it flows from it to the lower partition, where it no longer comes into contact with the vortex flow of gas inside the separation package, which reduces the effect of secondary liquid entrainment.

In special cases, the separator is made as follows.

The upper partition is preferably made in the shape of a truncated cone.

The anti-swirler guides can be made in the form of flat radial plates. These guides are preferably made in the form of plates curved in the direction of the vortex flow around the separation package. It is advisable to make the guides perforated.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 shows a diagram of the separator, a longitudinal section, section A-A of Figs. 2 and 3; Fig. 2 - a diagram of the separator, a cross section, section B-B of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 - a diagram of the separator, a cross section, section B-B of Fig. 1.

Implementation of the invention

The vortex-type gas-liquid separator (Fig. 1, 2) contains a vertical cylindrical body 1, upper 2 and lower 3 bottoms, inlet 4, outlet 5 and drain 6 pipes, a deflector plate 7, a reflective plate 8, a separation package 9, and a false bottom 10.

The inlet pipe 4 is preferably rigidly fixed in the cylindrical body 1 of the separator and is located in it with an offset, so that its axis lies in the plane of the cross-section of the body 1 and does not intersect the axis of the body 1.

The inner wall of the housing 1 and the deflector plate 7 form a deflector. The deflector is located at the inlet pipe 4. In it, the rotational (vortex) motion of the gas flow inside the separator is formed. The deflector plate 7 also prevents the gas flow from entering the axial zone of the separator without its preliminary separation. The inner wall of the housing 1, the reflective plate 8 and the deflector plate 7 form a catching pocket 11. Pocket 11 is designed to remove moving liquid and mechanical impurities from the vortex flow, pressed by centrifugal force to the inner wall of the housing 1 of the separator, and to transport them to the lower storage part of the separator.

The deflector plate may be made elastic, as disclosed in more detail in patent RU 2366490, and provided with a means for adjusting the distance between this plate and the housing. Or the deflector plate may be provided along its entire height at the end with an elastic element blocking the deflector outlet, as disclosed in more detail in patent RU 2366491.

According to one embodiment, the deflector plate can be made in a spiral shape, as disclosed in patent RU 2346727, so that the length of the gas flow path in the deflector is not less than one revolution around the vertical axis of the housing. In this case, the deflector is made with a gradually increasing height, reaching its maximum opposite the inlet pipe. Further along the movement, the height of the deflector remains unchanged.

According to another example, the separator can be provided with vertical separator plates placed along the separator body from the end of the deflector plate to the beginning of the reflector plate, forming a liquid channel, as described in patents RU 2452555, RU 107705. The separator plates are installed along the entire height of the separation package with a gap relative to each other, to the deflector and reflector plates. The beginning of the first separator plate is located tangent to the end of the deflector plate, the beginning of each subsequent separator plate is located tangent to the end of the previous separator plate, the beginning of the reflector plate is located tangent to the end of the last separator plate. Each separator plate along the entire height on the side of the oncoming gas-liquid flow is provided with a flange made at an obtuse angle to it, directed toward the separation package. The flange serves as an additional separation surface. The flange completely or partially covers the gap between adjacent deflector or separator plates in projection onto the plane connecting the edges of the separator plates (the edge of the deflector plate and the edge of the separator plate for the first separator plate), limiting the corresponding gap. It is advisable to design the separator so that the cross-sectional area of the liquid channel at the outlet of the deflector is less than the total area of the following sections:

- the area of the cross-section normal to the flanging between the edge of the deflector plate and the flanging of the first separator plate;

- the sum of the areas of the sections normal to the flanges between the flanges and the edges of adjacent dividing plates;

- the area of the gap between the edge of the last separating plate and the edge of the reflective plate.

According to another example, horizontal plates may be fixed to the body at the deflector outlet, the width of which is less than the width of the space between the separation package and the body. This is disclosed in more detail in patent RU 2311946.

The separation package 9 is made of a cylindrical or conical shape and contains flat curved separation plates 12 located in its generating surface and forming identical and constant-sized slotted channels 13 in the overlap zone. For a conical separation package, the constancy of the slotted channel size is observed in each plane of the package cross-section by a plane normal to the package axis. The design of the conical separation package is disclosed in more detail in patent RU 2356601. The ends of the flat curved plates 12 are directed in different directions along a tangent to the circles located in the cross-section of the separator, one of which is described around the separation package 9, and the other is inscribed in the separation package 9. The plates can be provided with openings, as disclosed in more detail in patent RU 2356601. The plates 12 are rigidly fixed in the lower part to the anti-swirler. The separation package 9 is located coaxially with the cylindrical body 1. According to another embodiment disclosed in patents RU 2304455, RU 58379, RU 2346727, the separation package can be located in the axial zone of the separator so that the axis of the separation package is parallel to the axis of the cylindrical body of the separator and is offset relative to it. In this case, the separation package is located in the center of the internal space formed by the body and the deflector plate.

The anti-swirler 17 consists of a lower axial partition 14 and an upper axial partition 15 connected to each other by guides 16. The lower axial partition 14 is made in the form of a flat disk and is rigidly fixed to one or more fingers 18 (one finger is shown in Fig. 1). There may be four fingers, as disclosed in more detail in patents RU 2299756, RU 59436. The ends of the fingers 18 are located without a gap, in the openings of the false bottom 10. The separation plates 12 are fixed to the lower partition 14 of the anti-swirler. The upper axial partition 15 is made cone-shaped, tapering downwards. Preferably, the upper partition is made in the form of a truncated cone. The guides 16 are intended to exclude vortex motion of the gas flow below the area of their location. The guides may be made in the form of flat radial plates. Preferably, the guides are made in the form of plates curved in the direction of movement of the vortex flow around the separation package (Fig. 3), as disclosed in more detail in patent RU 106133. According to another embodiment, the guides can be additionally perforated, as disclosed in more detail in patent RU 2454266.

A cylindrical gas sampling element may be installed inside the separation package and coaxially thereto, made with the possibility of passing gas through the side surface, as described in more detail in patents RU 2299756, RU 59436. The upper edge of the gas sampling element is located at the level of the upper edge of the separation package. The gas sampling element may be made similar to the separation package, may be made in the form of a pipe with rectangular perforation holes. The gas sampling element may be made of a coalescing material, as disclosed in more detail in patent RU 90701. The lower edge of the gas sampling element is attached to its own anti-swirler, which may be made similar to the anti-swirler of the separation package, as described above, or may have any other known design (for example, the anti-swirler of the gas sampling element may have two disks, between which radial plates are located).

The false bottom 10 is located with an annular gap 19 to the vertical body 1, and is rigidly fixed to the body 1 using L-shaped plates 20.

A spiral plate may be placed under the false bottom, as disclosed in more detail in patent RU 2366489.

The drain pipe 6 is located in the lower bottom 3 of the separator.

In the upper part of the separation package 9, an annular gap is formed between the lower outer surface of the outlet pipe and the inner surface of the upper part of the flat curved plates, which, together with the lower surface of the upper bottom, forms a trap pocket.

For the purposes of capturing the liquid film at the outlet, as disclosed in more detail in patents RU 2304455, RU 58379, and also in patent RU 2346727, the separator may comprise a storage chamber between the separation package and the upper bottom. In this case, the separation package is fixed to the horizontal partition, and the inlet branch pipe is located below it. When the outlet branch pipe is arranged vertically in the upper bottom above the horizontal partition with partial overlap, conical guide confusers are located coaxially with the separation package and the outlet branch pipe, and the overlaps of the confusers form annular gaps located towards the movement of the gas flow. Instead of all or part of the confusers, the accumulation chamber can be filled with a coalescing material, as disclosed in more detail in patent RU 2377049. When the outlet branch pipe is placed horizontally in the housing in the area of the accumulation chamber in the upper part of the separator housing, a thin-layer baffle plate is located, containing coaxially arranged conical plates of different sizes, and an annular hydraulic pocket, wherein the plates are arranged coaxially with the separation package and form annular gaps. The baffle plate can also be made conical with a drainage rod, as disclosed in more detail in patent RU 2366489. The drainage tube passes in the catching pocket and connects the accumulation chamber (and/or the annular hydraulic pocket, if any) with the space under the false bottom, where it can be equipped with a hydraulic seal. Instead of a drainage tube, the separator may be equipped at the inlet with an ejection chamber communicating with the accumulation chamber and in which the inlet branch pipe is located coaxially with the ejector, as disclosed in patents RU 2299756, RU 59436. The drainage tube may exit in the space between the separation package and the housing (inside the deflector or near it), with the end of this tube oriented along the direction of the vortex flow. This is disclosed in more detail in patent RU 2356600. It is also disclosed there that instead of such a drainage tube, the opening in the horizontal partition may be closed with a teardrop-shaped fairing having an outlet opening at its lower point.

The implementation of the structural elements of the claimed invention is not limited to the examples given above.

The claimed vortex-type gas-liquid separator operates as follows.

The gas-liquid mixture to be purified is fed into the separator through the inlet pipe 4. The deflector plate 7 smoothly changes the direction of the gas movement and forms its vortex movement in the body 1 around the separation package 9.

In the space between the separation package and the housing, the bulk of the liquid and mechanical impurities are separated from the gas-liquid flow. The majority of the liquid and mechanical impurities are thrown by centrifugal force onto the walls of the separator housing 1 and, under the action of gravitational forces, move along this wall in a downward spiral in the direction of rotation of the gas flow.

Part of the liquid and mechanical impurities moving along the wall of the housing enters the catching pocket 11 and flows down its walls to the false bottom 10. Reaching the plane of the false bottom 10, the liquid and mechanical impurities pass through the annular gap 19 between the housing 1 and the false bottom 10 and are transported to the drain pipe 6.

The gas, leaving the deflector and moving along the space between the separation package and the body, having a lower density, is forced out to the separation package and hits the outer surface of the flat curved plates 12 of the separation package 9. The finely dispersed droplet liquid, carried away by this gas flow, is transported by it through the slotted channels 13 of the separation package to the inner surface of the separation plates 12. Descending along the inner surface of the plates 12, the liquid particles, having approached the lower edges of these plates 12, slide off them and hit the surface of the false bottom 10, from where they are transported through the annular gap 19 between the body 1 and the false bottom 10 to the drain pipe 6.

Part of the liquid from the separation plates, as well as liquid particles carried away by the gas flow changing direction, fall on the upper surface of the upper axial partition 15 of the anti-swirler. Due to the conical shape of the partition 15, the liquid flows down it into the hole in the center of the partition onto the lower axial partition 14, from where it flows onto the false bottom and then to the drain pipe. While on the lower axial partition, the liquid no longer contacts the vortex gas flow inside the separation package, which reduces the effect of secondary liquid entrainment.

The purified gas flow is directed to the outlet pipe 5.

The claimed invention is implemented using industrially produced materials, can be manufactured at a machine-building enterprise and will find wide application in the oil, gas, chemical and other industries.

Claims (5)

1. A vortex-type gas-liquid separator comprising a vertical cylindrical body, upper and lower bottoms, inlet, outlet and drain pipes, a deflector plate, a separation package consisting of flat curved separation plates, in the lower part of which an anti-swirler is placed, which is an upper and lower partition, between which guides are placed, characterized in that the upper partition of the anti-swirler is made conical, tapering downwards and provided with an opening at the bottom. 2. A separator according to item 1, characterized in that the upper partition is made in the shape of a truncated cone. 3. A separator according to item 1 or 2, characterized in that the anti-swirler guides are made in the form of flat radial plates. 4. A separator according to item 1 or 2, characterized in that the anti-swirler guides are made in the form of plates curved in the direction of movement of the vortex flow around the separation package. 5. A separator according to item 4, characterized in that the anti-swirler guides are made perforated.