RU2822266C1 - Combined type electric baromembrane apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: separation, concentration and purification of solutions.

SUBSTANCE: distinctive feature of the electric baromembrane apparatus of the combined type is that in the housing of the flat-chamber module on opposite sides there are horizontal and vertical circulation channels of the separated solution, which are separated by plugs and connect the adjacent separation chambers. In 3-circuit cooling modules of "pipe-in-pipe" type are located at equal distance from each other alternating in the vertical plane from the anode and cathode permeate chambers of the first stage to the second stage retentate discharge chambers overflow holes of hyperboloid shape for circulation of permeate of the second stage and hyperboloid overflow channels for circulation of cooling water.

EFFECT: increase in the area of separation of the solution per unit volume of the flat-chamber module of the apparatus, reduced effect of concentration polarization, increased surface of second stage permeate cooling and reduced hydraulic resistance.

1 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of separation, concentration and purification of solutions by methods of electromicrofiltration, electroultrafiltration, electron nanofiltration, electroosmofiltration and can be used in the chemical, engineering, food industries, agro-industrial complex, etc.

An analogue of this design is a flat-chamber membrane apparatus, given in the work of Yu.I. Dytnersky. “Processes and apparatus of chemical technology. Part 2.”, M.: Khimiya, 1995, pp. 347-348, which is a set of elliptical membrane elements located between round flanges, and a tubular membrane module for filtering liquids, the design of which is given in patent RU 2156645 C1, 09.27.2000 . The disadvantages of the analogue are: low quality and efficiency of solution separation, the impossibility of differentiated separation of ions in the cathode and anode permeate flows at the intermediate separation stage. The shortcomings were partially eliminated in the prototype.

The prototype of this design is a combined-type electric pressure-membrane apparatus, the design of which is given in patent RU 2788625 C1, 01/23/2023. Bull. No. 3. The prototype consists of two covers with an input fitting for the solution being separated, fittings for the first and second stage retentate output, fittings for the second stage permeate output and air supply, chambers for the anode and near-cathode permeate of the first stage, protrusions for fixing tubular modules, tubes of the tubular module , housing of the flat-chamber module, support rings, channels for removal of anode and near-cathode permeate, check valves, anode and near-cathode drainage grids, porous substrates, near-anode and near-cathode membranes, float level gauges, gaskets, gaskets with a channel for removal of near-anode and near-cathode permeate, bayonet ring , terminals of the device for supplying electric current - anode and cathode, made in the form of cylindrical threaded studs, in which there are round through near-cathode and near-anode grooves, dielectric partitions, monopolar electrodes, second-stage retentate output chambers, cooling water inlet and outlet fittings, 3 - circuit cooling modules of the “pipe-in-pipe” type, overflow holes, overflow channels.

The disadvantages of the prototype are: small area of solution separation per unit volume of the apparatus and the presence of concentration polarization, low quality and efficiency of solution separation, small cooling surface and high hydraulic resistance.

The technical result is expressed by an increase in the area of solution separation per unit volume of the flat-chamber module of the apparatus and a decrease in the effect of concentration polarization, an increase in the quality and efficiency of solution separation, an increase in the cooling surface of the second stage permeate and a decrease in hydraulic resistance due to the fact that the apparatus consists of two covers with an input fitting separated solution, retentate outlet fittings of the second and first stages, permeate outlet fittings of the second stage and air supply, chambers for the near-anode and near-cathode permeate of the first stage, protrusions for fixing tubular modules, tubular module tubes, flat-chamber module housing, support rings, channels for removing near-anode and near-cathode permeate, check valves, near-anode and near-cathode drainage grids, porous substrates, near-anode and near-cathode membranes, float level gauges, gaskets, gaskets with a channel for draining near-anode and near-cathode permeate, bayonet ring, terminals of the device for supplying electric current - anode and cathode, made in the form of cylindrical threaded studs, in which there are round through cathode and near-anode grooves, dielectric partitions, monopolar electrodes, second-stage retentate outlet chambers, cooling water inlet and outlet fittings, 3-circuit “pipe-in-pipe” cooling modules, overflow openings, overflow channels, characterized in that in the body of the flat-chamber module, on opposite sides there are horizontal and vertical circulation channels of the separated solution, separated by plugs and connecting adjacent separation chambers, in 3-circuit cooling modules of the “pipe-in-pipe” type, located equally at a distance from each other, alternating in a vertical plane from the chambers for the near-anode and near-cathode permeate of the first stage to the retentate output chambers of the second stage are hyperboloid-shaped overflow holes for circulation of the second-stage permeate and hyperboloid overflow channels for the circulation of cooling water.

In fig. 1 shows the main view of a combined-type electric pressure-membrane apparatus; in fig. 2 - top view; in fig. 3 - bottom view; in fig. 4 - horizontal section A-A in Fig. 1; in fig. 5 - complex section B-B in Fig. 4; in fig. 6 - complex section B-B in Fig. 4; in fig. 7 - complex section Г-Г in Fig. 4; in fig. 8 - extension element of Fig. 7, diagram of migration of cations, anions and circulation of the separated solution in a flat-chamber module; in fig. 9 - extension element of Fig. 7, second stage permeate circulation diagram; in fig. 10 - extension element of Fig. 7, cooling water circulation diagram.

The electric pressure-membrane apparatus of the combined type consists of two covers 1 and 2, having an input fitting for the separated solution 3, outlet fittings for the second and first stage retentate 4 and 5, fittings for the output of the second stage permeate and air supply 6 and 7, chambers for the near-anode and near-cathode permeate 8 and 9 of the first stage, protrusions for fixing tubular modules 10 and 11, tubes of the tubular module 12, body of the flat-chamber module 13, support rings 14 and 24, channels for draining the anode and near-cathode permeate 15 and 16, check valves 17, near-anode and near-cathode drainage grids 18 and 32, porous substrates 19, near-anode and near-cathode membranes 20 and 31, float level gauges 21, gaskets 22, gaskets 23 with a channel for draining near-anode and near-cathode permeate, plugs 25, bayonet ring 26, terminals of the device for supplying electric current - anode 27 and cathode 28, made in the form of cylindrical threaded pins, in which there are round through near-cathode and near-anode grooves 35 and 36, horizontal and vertical circulation channels 29 of the separated solution in the body of the flat-chamber module 13, dielectric partitions 30, monopolar electrodes 33 and 34, output chambers second stage retentate 37, cooling water inlet and outlet fittings 38 and 39, 3-circuit pipe-in-pipe cooling modules 40, overflow holes 41, overflow channels 42.

Covers 1, 2, inlet fitting for the separated solution 3, outlet fittings for the second and first stage retentate 4, 5, fittings for the second stage permeate outlet and air supply 6, 7, housing of the flat-chamber module 13, support rings 14, 24, bayonet ring 26, dielectric partitions 30, 3-circuit cooling module 40 are made of dielectric material caprolon or polyamide-6.

The tubes of the tubular module 12 can be made from a tubular ultrafilter of type BTU 05/2.

Anode and near-cathode drainage grids 18, 32 can be made of material Х18Н10Т, 20Х23Н18, 10Х17Н13М2Т, О8Х18Т1.

The porous substrates 19 can be made from a sheet of whatman paper.

Anode and cathode membranes 20, 31 can be made of membrane fabric OPMN-P, OPMN-K, OPM-K, MGA-95, MGA-100, UAM-50, UAM-100.

Gaskets 22 and gaskets 23 with a channel for draining near-anode and near-cathode permeate can be made of paronite.

Monopolar electrodes 33, 34 can be made from 20-45 percent porous rolled products such as Kh18N15-PM, Kh18N15-MP, N-MP, LNPIT, LPN-PM.

The device works as follows.

The initial solution under transmembrane pressure exceeding the osmotic pressure of the substances dissolved in it, through the input fitting of the separated solution 3, Fig. 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, located on the cover 2, is fed into the first separation chamber of the flat-chamber module, formed by the bottom cover 2, gasket 22, support ring 14 and anode membrane 20, then passes through the horizontal and vertical circulation channels 29 of the separated solution in the body of the flat-chamber module 13, separated by plugs 25, Fig. 7, 8, of the entire apparatus, entering the last separation chamber of the flat-chamber module, formed by the top cover 1, gasket 22, support ring 14 and near-cathode membrane 31 and is discharged in the form of retentate through the retentate outlet fitting of the first stage 5. The middle separation chambers are formed by intermembrane channels, located between the anode and cathode membranes 20 and 31, Fig. 5, 6, 7, while the separated solution passes from one intermembrane channel to subsequent ones through horizontal and vertical circulation channels 29 of the separated solution in the body of the flat-chamber module 13, FIG. 7, 8, the entire device.

When filling the separation chambers of the entire apparatus with the separated solution, an external voltage is applied to the terminals of the device for supplying electric current - anode 27 and cathode 28, made in the form of cylindrical threaded rods, in which there are round through near-cathode and near-anode grooves 35 and 36, which sets a given constant current density in solution.

The dissolved substances in the separated solution dissociate into anions and cations, Fig. 8.

Under the influence of electric current from the first, third and fifth separation chambers, FIG. 5, 6, 7, anions penetrate through the anode membrane 20, the porous substrate 19 and along the anode drainage grid 18 through a gasket 23 with a channel for draining the anode permeate, then through round through anode grooves 36 in cylindrical threaded studs, which serve as the terminal of the device for supply of electric current - anode 27, in the flow of near-anode permeate through the channel for removal of near-anode permeate 15 with the check valve 17 open, fills the chamber for near-anode permeate 8 of the first stage, and cations penetrate through the near-cathode membrane 31, the porous substrate 19 and through the near-cathode drainage grid 32 through a gasket 23 with a channel for removing cathode permeate, then through round through cathode grooves 35 in cylindrical threaded studs, which serve as a terminal for the device for supplying electric current - cathode 28, in the flow of near-cathode permeate through a channel for removing cathode permeate 16 with the check valve open 17, fills the chamber for cathode permeate 9 of the first stage.

When filling the chambers for the anode and cathode permeate 8, 9 of the first stage, FIG. 4, 5, 6, the supply of the separated solution through the input fitting of the separated solution 3 into the apparatus is stopped and the compressors are turned on, pumping pressure into the chambers for the near-anode and near-cathode permeate 8, 9 of the first stage. Check valves 17 installed in the apparatus prevent the flow from the chambers for the anode and cathode permeate 8, 9 of the first stage back into the channels for the removal of the anode and cathode permeate 15, 16. The level of the anode and cathode permeate in the chambers for the anode and cathode permeate 8, 9 of the first stages are monitored by float level gauges 21.

The initial solution entering through the input fitting of the separated solution 3, Fig. 5, 6, 7, and passing through horizontal and vertical circulation channels 29 of the separated solution in the housing of the flat-chamber module 13, FIG. 7, the entire apparatus passes from the first, middle and last separation chambers, is cleared of anions and catines and is removed from the apparatus through the retentate outlet fitting of the first stage 5, FIG. 1, 2, 5, top cover 1.

Under the influence of pressure pumped by compressors through air supply fittings 7, from chambers for near-anode and near-cathode permeate 8, 9 of the first stage, FIG. 4, 5, 6, the anode and cathode permeate is fed into the tubes of the tubular module 12, where it is divided into the second stage retentate, which enters the second stage retentate outlet chamber 37, and is removed from the apparatus through fittings 4, and the permeates formed as a result of penetration through the tubes tubular module 12, pass through the hyperboloid-shaped overflow holes 41 of the 3-circuit cooling module 40 of the “pipe-in-pipe” type, FIG. 9, and are discharged through the permeate outlet fittings of the second stage 6.

When the chambers for the near-anode and near-cathode permeate 8, 9 of the first stage are emptied, the compressors are turned off and the air supply through fitting 7 is stopped. At the same time, the supply of the initial solution through the input fitting of the separated solution 3 is resumed and the process is repeated.

Simultaneously with the supply of the separated solution, a cooling agent, for example, tap water, is supplied through the cooling water inlet fittings 38, filling the 3-circuit cooling modules 40 of the “pipe-in-pipe” type through the hyperboloid flow channels 42, FIG. 7, 9, 10, located between the tubes of the tubular module 12 from the chambers for the anode and cathode permeate 8 and 9 of the first stage to the retentate output chambers of the second stage 37, FIG. 4, removing excess heat from the second stage permeate and is removed through the cooling water outlet fitting 39, FIG. 7, 9.

Increasing the area of solution separation per unit volume of the flat-chamber module of the apparatus and reducing the effect of concentration polarization, increasing the quality and efficiency of solution separation is achieved due to the fact that in the body of the flat-chamber module, on opposite sides, there are horizontal and vertical circulation channels of the separated solution, separated by plugs and connecting adjacent chambers separation, fig. 4, 7, 8.

An increase in the cooling surface of the second-stage permeate and a decrease in hydraulic resistance is achieved due to the fact that in 3-circuit cooling modules of the “pipe-in-pipe” type, they are located at an equal distance from each other, alternating in a vertical plane from the chambers for the near-anode and near-cathode permeate of the first stage to chambers of the retentate output of the second stage, hyperboloid-shaped overflow holes for circulation of the second-stage permeate and hyperboloid overflow channels for circulation of cooling water, Fig. 7, 9, 10.

Thus, the separation of the solution occurs in two stages: at the first stage, the separated solution passes through the first, middle and last separation chambers in the electromembrane flat-chamber module, and at the second stage through two tubular membrane modules, which ensures a high degree of purification of the solution.

Claims (1)

An electric pressure-membrane apparatus of a combined type, consisting of two covers having an input fitting for the solution being separated, fittings for the second and first stage retentate output, fittings for the second stage permeate output and air supply, chambers for the anode and cathode permeate of the first stage, protrusions for fixing tubular modules, tubular tubes module, flat-chamber module housing, support rings, channels for drainage of anode and cathode permeate, check valves, anode and cathode drainage grids, porous substrates, anode and cathode membranes, float level gauges, gaskets, gaskets with a channel for drainage of anode and cathode permeate, bayonet rings, terminals of the device for supplying electric current - anode and cathode, made in the form of cylindrical threaded studs, in which there are round through near-cathode and near-anode grooves, dielectric partitions, monopolar electrodes, second-stage retentate output chambers, cooling water inlet and outlet fittings, 3-circuit cooling modules of the “pipe-in-pipe” type, overflow holes, overflow channels, characterized in that in the body of the flat-chamber module, on opposite sides there are horizontal and vertical circulation channels of the separated solution, separated by plugs and connecting adjacent separation chambers, in 3- x circuit cooling modules of the “pipe-in-pipe” type are located at equal distances from each other, alternating in a vertical plane from the chambers for the near-anode and near-cathode permeate of the first stage to the retentate output chambers of the second stage, hyperboloid-shaped overflow holes for circulation of the second-stage permeate and hyperboloid overflow channels for circulation of cooling water.