RU2821623C1 - Emergency running nozzle for vehicle wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an emergency run adapter for a vehicle wheel, comprising a rim and a tire arranged on the rim, wherein the emergency run adapter is designed to be mounted on the outer side of the vehicle wheel. Emergency run nozzle (10) for vehicle wheel (12) comprises annular mounting part (18) serving to install the emergency run nozzle on the vehicle wheel, and annular tread part (20), which in working condition comes into contact with road surface. Mounting part comprises at least two fixing grips (22) configured to attach the mounting part to wheel rim (14) of the vehicle by engaging with rim flange (26). At least one of the fixing grips is made radially movable to change its distance from the centre of the mounting part. Mounting part comprises an annular actuating element made with possibility of rotation around axis (A) of rotation coinciding with the vehicle wheel axis in the emergency running nozzle working state, and which is part of the transmission, which converts rotation of the actuating element into radial displacement of said or all said radially movable fixing grips. Mounting part comprises drive device, which is connected or made with possibility of connection with actuating element.

EFFECT: higher reliability of attachment to vehicle wheel, simplified installation.

33 cl, 40 dwg

Description

Field of technology to which the invention relates

The invention relates to an emergency attachment for a vehicle wheel, comprising a rim and a tire located on the rim, wherein the emergency attachment is designed to be installed on the outer side of a vehicle wheel.

State of the art

This emergency tire is designed to allow the vehicle to continue moving if one of the tires is damaged and can no longer hold air. Typically, in such a case, the faulty vehicle wheel must be removed from the vehicle and replaced with a spare wheel. The emergency attachment according to the invention, on the other hand, is designed to be mounted on the outer side of the wheel of a faulty vehicle wheel and thus avoids the need to replace the faulty vehicle wheel.

In connection with such an emergency attachment, it is especially important that the emergency attachment can be easily and at the same time extremely securely installed on the vehicle wheel, since in the final operating condition of the vehicle wheel equipped with an emergency attachment, the emergency attachment is subject to significant impacts. force, and its accidental detachment from the vehicle wheel is unacceptable under any circumstances. In addition, it must be possible to make such an emergency nozzle as compact and lightweight as possible, so as not to excessively increase the energy consumption of the vehicle on which such an emergency nozzle is installed.

Disclosure of the invention

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an emergency wheel attachment for a vehicle wheel which can be simply and reliably mounted on a vehicle wheel and at the same time can be compact and lightweight.

According to the invention, the problem is solved by an emergency wheel attachment for a vehicle wheel, which contains an essentially annular mounting part that serves to install the emergency wheel attachment on a vehicle wheel, and an essentially annular tread part, which, in the operating state of the emergency vehicle wheel, comes into contact with road surface on which a vehicle wheel equipped with an emergency wheel must roll. By "substantially annular" the mounting portion and the tread portion herein is meant that the mounting portion and the tread portion have a basic annular shape, but this does not preclude the presence of parts extending from the mounting portion and the tread portion that are not annular in shape. For example, the mounting part contains at least two locking grips, configured to attach the mounting part to the rim of a vehicle wheel by engaging the edge of the rim. Embodiments of the emergency nozzle according to the invention typically contain more than two locking claws, for example three, four, five or even six locking claws. At least one of the existing fixing grips is made radially movable, which allows you to change the distance from it to the central point of the mounting part. Depending on the embodiment, several or even all of the locking jaws can be made radially movable. The possibility of radially displacing at least one locking claw allows this claw or all of the radially movable locking claws to be first positioned in a position radially displaced further outward in order to be able to install the mounting part in this state on the wheel rim of the vehicle. When the radial position of said or all of said radially movable locking claws is subsequently changed in an inward direction, the locking claws engage the edge of the rim and the mounting portion is secured to the rim. For this purpose, the mounting part contains a ring actuator configured to rotate around an axis coinciding with the axis of the vehicle wheel in the operating state of the emergency nozzle (i.e., in the state in which the emergency nozzle is installed on the vehicle wheel). The annular actuating element is part of a transmission that converts the rotation of the actuating element into a translational radial displacement of the specified or all of the specified radially movable locking grips. To drive the actuator element into rotation, the mounting part further comprises a drive device, which is connected or configured to be connected to the actuator element, and the actuation of which causes rotation of the actuator element.

In some embodiments of the emergency drive attachment of the invention, the ring actuator is a chain and the drive device is a rotatable drive gear engaged or configured to engage the chain.

If the annular actuator is a chain, in one embodiment, each radially movable locking claw includes a locking arm extending radially inward from the locking claw, with rack-like teeth being provided on one side of the locking arm to mesh with a rotatable transmission gear, corresponding to the locking grip, which, in turn, engages with the chain. In such an embodiment, the rotation of the pinion gear is transmitted to a chain, which thereby moves in a circumferential direction and transmits this movement to one or more transmission gears, the rotation of which or which is converted into a radial displacement of each movable locking jaw by means of rack-shaped teeth on each a movable locking jaw, such displacement being directed radially inward or radially outward depending on the direction of rotation of the drive gear.

The mounting portion may have a suitably shaped housing to accommodate or store a chain, a drive gear, and one or more transmission gears.

In other embodiments of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention, the actuating element is at least essentially an annular actuating disk. This actuator disk may include internal or external teeth, and the drive device may be, as noted earlier with respect to the chain, a rotatable drive gear engaged or configured to engage with the internal or external teeth to drive the actuator disk into rotation.

In such embodiments, the actuating disk may comprise an annular series of recesses or slots, and each movable locking claw may be associated with a gear that fits into the recesses or slots of the actuating disc and is connected to a threaded spindle, which in turn is connected to a corresponding locking claw and is configured to convert rotational movement of the gear at least substantially into a radially directed translational movement of the locking jaw. Preferably, the recesses or slots have a slot-like shape and are oriented predominantly in the radial direction. This actuator disk is similar in appearance to the so-called resolver wheel used in speed sensors, but has a completely different function.

In other embodiments, the actuator disk comprises internal and external teeth, wherein the rotatable drive gear meshes or is configured to mesh with the outer teeth, and each radially movable locking jaw corresponds to a gear, in particular in the form of a bevel gear in mesh with the internal teeth of the actuator disk and connected to a threaded spindle, which in turn is connected to a corresponding locking jaw and configured to convert the rotational movement of the (bevel) gear at least substantially into a radially directed translational movement of the locking jaw. In such an embodiment, the rotatable drive gear of the mounting part is located at a point slightly further outward in the radial direction than the actuator disk, so that the free space in the center of the mounting part can be as large as possible. This can be advantageous for vehicle wheel rims that have a so-called increased projection, i.e. for rims whose central region protrudes in the axial direction further than the radially outer regions of the rim. If the mounting part has the largest possible free space in the center, then the mounting part can be mounted close to the vehicle wheel without colliding with the rim, even if the rim has an enlarged projection.

If the largest possible free space in the center is not important, then, in contrast to the above-mentioned embodiment, the rotatable drive gear of the mounting part can engage with the internal teeth. In this case, the external teeth of the actuator disk may be missing.

In other embodiments of the emergency drive attachment of the invention, the actuator disk includes internal or external teeth, and the drive device is also a rotatable drive gear, similar to the previously described embodiment, engaged or configured to engage with internal or external teeth.

To convert the rotational motion of the actuator disk into translational motion of each movable locking jaw, each movable locking jaw includes a locking arm extending radially inward from the locking jaw and containing on one side rack-shaped teeth that mesh with a rotatable transmission gear corresponding to the locking jaw. and, in turn, being in engagement with the internal or external teeth of the actuator disk. This embodiment is similar to the above-described embodiment in which the actuator is configured as a circuit. In this above-disclosed embodiment, as well as in the last disclosed embodiment, one or more transmission gears may simultaneously serve as a drive gear. In other words, instead of a separate drive gear, one or more transmission gears may serve as the drive gear. This simplifies the mounting housing design by eliminating a separate pinion bearing and reduces the number of components.

In some embodiments, in which the actuating element of the mounting part is made in the form of an annular actuating disk, the actuating disk contains at least one link in the form of a spiral segment that interacts with a rocker stone located on a locking lever connected to a radially movable locking claw. When the actuating disk, containing at least one link in the form of a spiral segment, rotates, its movement is transmitted through a rocker stone moving in the link or on the link to the corresponding locking grip and ensures a change in the distance of the locking grip from the center of the mounting part. Each radially movable locking jaw is directed so that it can only move in a radial direction and not in a circumferential direction.

If the actuator disk contains only one link in the form of a spiral segment, then if there are several radially movable locking claws distributed in the circumferential direction of the mounting part, each locking claw must be made specifically for the corresponding circumferential position so that in the initial position of the actuator disk everything is radially the movable fixing grips were at the same radial distance from the center of the mounting part. Accordingly, in such an embodiment, when installing the mounting part, each radially movable locking grip must be installed in a specific position corresponding to it.

However, instead of a single helix-shaped link, the actuator disc may comprise several helical-segmented rockers arranged next to each other in the circumferential direction. In such an embodiment, all radially movable locking claws can have the same design, and when installing the mounting part, it is no longer necessary to install each locking claw in its own appropriate location.

A plurality of helix-segment shaped gates may be superimposed on each other in the circumferential direction, that is, a plurality of helix-segment shaped cotters are positioned next to each other on each portion of the actuator disk corresponding to the radially movable locking jaw when viewed in the radial direction. In such an embodiment, the locking arm of one or each radially movable locking jaw may comprise a plurality of rocker stones arranged radially adjacent to each other to engage multiple rockers.

Said or each rocker stone can be made in the form of a pin or finger. Alternatively, said or each rocker stone may be in the form of a short helix rib, the helix rib being sized and shaped such that the rib can interact with a corresponding helix rocker. Rocker stones of other shapes are also possible, provided that they allow the rotational movement of the actuator disk to be transmitted from the rocker to the rocker stone with the minimum possible losses.

Said or each link may be a slot in the actuator disk in the form of a spiral segment. Alternatively, said or each rocker may be formed by a corresponding helix segment-shaped rocker rib formed on the actuator disk.

As stated above, each mounting part locking catch serves to install and securely fasten the mounting part to the rim of a vehicle wheel. In preferred embodiments of the emergency accessory according to the invention, each locking grip comprises a contact part for contacting the edge of the rim and additionally at least one safety part located in the circumferential direction next to the contact part and in the operating state of the emergency operation, i.e. . in a state in which the emergency nozzle is correctly installed on the rim of the vehicle wheel, located at a small radial distance from the rim flange. This distance should be between 0.2 and 0.5 mm and is preferably approximately 0.3 mm. Said or each locking grip safety part is located in the circumferential direction of the mounting part adjacent to the contact part and separated from it by a groove. If the contact part is a central contact part, then preferably a safety part is located on each side of the central contact part of the locking grip. If, during operation of the emergency wheel attachment, the contact part of the locking claw is overloaded, causing the contact part to fail, for example, being torn from the locking claw, one or more safety parts of the locking claw will prevent the locking claw from detaching from the rim. The clearance between each safety part and the rim edge ensures, on the one hand, that one or more safety parts of the corresponding locking grip will not be overloaded in the event of an overload of the contact part, and on the other hand, that after failure of the contact part originally adjacent to the rim edge without play , there will be a rattling sound caused by the gap between the rim flange and the safety part and indicating to the driver that the emergency nozzle is faulty.

To improve force distribution and secure fastening, some or all of the locking jaws can be designed as double jaws. The double gripper contains two locking grippers located at a certain distance from each other in the circumferential direction and attached to a common locking lever. Each double grip locking element may have a contact portion as described above and at least one safety portion disposed adjacent to it in the circumferential direction.

To ensure that each locking element is properly seated against the flange of the vehicle wheel rim during radial clamping of the dual jaw, at least one of the locking elements may be configured to be slightly rotatable relative to the common locking arm about an axis that is perpendicular to a plane passing through the common locking arm. This allows you to compensate for possible angular errors and prevent distortion of the fixing element.

To facilitate insertion of the locking claw into the area between the rim flange and the tire when installing the mounting part on a vehicle wheel, in preferred embodiments of the emergency drive attachment of the invention, one or more recesses are provided on the side of each locking claw facing the tire, located in a region of the end portion of the locking grip adjacent to or including the free end of the locking grip. When installing the locking claw, these recesses allow the rubber material of the tire to be pressed into the recesses, thereby reducing the force exerted by the tire on the locking claw when the locking claw is inserted into the specified area.

To enable the user to easily determine whether the emergency accessory according to the invention is correctly installed on a vehicle wheel, each locking grip preferably includes a radially oriented abutment surface with which it contacts the outer side of the rim, for example, the edge of the rim, when the emergency accessory is in position. in working order. In addition, at least one, and preferably each, locking grip contains an indicator element, pre-elastically tensioned in the direction of the rim and passing through the locking grip in the region of a radially oriented abutment surface, and one end of the indicator element facing the rim is designed to contact the rim , and the opposite, other end of the indicator element indicates the correct installation of the mounting part in the operating condition of the emergency nozzle. For example, if the mounting part is installed correctly, the colored end of the indicator element protrudes on the side of the emergency attachment opposite the vehicle wheel, thereby indicating that the mounting part has been installed correctly. Alternatively, this end of the indicator element may be flush with the surrounding surface of the emergency nozzle if the mounting part has been installed correctly. Said or each indicator element may also be of a different design, provided that it is capable of indicating correct contact of the radially oriented abutment surface with the outer side of the rim.

To save space and ease of installation of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention, in preferred embodiments, the tread part is a part separated from the mounting part, preferably containing several ring segments, designed to be connected to the mounting part and connected to the mounting part in the operating state of the nozzle emergency running. In one embodiment, the tread portion consists of two half-ring segments. In an alternative embodiment, the tread portion consists of two annular segments, one of which occupies approximately two-thirds of the circumference and the other of which occupies approximately one-third of the circumference. Other embodiments are also possible, for example dividing the tread portion into three or more annular segments.

In some embodiments, the tread portion is connected to the mounting portion by mounting pins that protrude from a side of the mounting portion remote from the vehicle wheel. After securing the mounting part to the vehicle wheel, the tread part can be pushed onto the mounting pins protruding from the mounting part and secured to them. The mounting pins may be attached to the housing of the mounting part. Alternatively or in addition, the positioning pins may be attached to locking jaws, in particular to a radially inwardly projecting locking arm of each locking jaw. If an installation pin is attached to the locking grip, it simultaneously serves as a rocker stone, for example, protruding through the gate of the actuating disk, made in the form of a slot-like slot in the shape of a spiral segment. In one embodiment, the mounting pins are threaded pins that allow the tread portion to be secured to the mounting portion by means of nuts that secure the tread portion to the mounting portion.

The above nuts may be in the form of cap nuts, and each cap nut may have an optical and/or acoustic indicator device incorporated into each cap nut to indicate correct installation. For example, a cracking noise generated by a bistable metal plate may signal that the torque required to properly attach the tread to the mounting part has been achieved. Alternatively or in addition, a pin protruding outward from the cap nut or being flush with the outside surface of the cap nut may indicate proper tightening of the cap nut.

In other embodiments of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention, locking devices serve to connect the tread part with the mounting part, and the locking devices are located on the side of the emergency nozzle opposite the vehicle wheel. In one embodiment, each locking device may include a radially movable slider located on the mounting portion and pre-tensioned radially outwardly, the slider including a guide inclined plane that engages a corresponding surface of the tread portion during installation of the tread portion so that the slider was displaced radially inward during installation, and after installation of the tread part was again pushed radially outward and came to the surface of the tread part due to its elastic prestress, thereby fixing the tread part in the correct installation position. Other embodiments of the locking device are also possible. However, all locking devices have the advantage that in order to connect to a mounting part already attached to the vehicle wheel, it is enough to press down on the tread part, after which it will automatically lock. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to screw the tread part to the mounting part. In such auto-locking tread embodiments, the mounting portion design need not be substantially circular in shape, but mounting portions of a different design may be used, for example, in which a plurality of mounting arms extend radially outward from the center of the mounting portion, and at the free end of each at least one fixing grip is located there.

In particular, in embodiments of the emergency attachment according to the invention that provide a relatively small number of locking claws, at least one automatically tightening safety claw may be provided to engage the edge of the rim and thereby increase the security of the fastening. Said or each automatically tightening safety catch is located on the side of the tread portion facing the wheel of the vehicle, each safety catch being preferably located between each two locking claws in the circumferential direction of the emergency nozzle. In an exemplary embodiment, three locking claws and three automatically tightening safety claws may be provided. Of course, such automatically tightening safety catches can also be provided in those embodiments of the emergency stroke attachment that contain more than a relatively small number of locking catches.

Each safety grip preferably includes an actuator slide, one end of which extends through the tread of the tread portion and projects radially from the tread. During the rolling of the tread in the operating mode of the emergency nozzle, the end of the actuating slider, protruding from the tread in the radial direction, is pressed radially inward due to contact with the surface of the roadway, and the other, radially inner end of the actuating slider is displaced radially inward and, in contact with the safety grip, presses the safety grip to the edge of the rim or presses it behind it.

In preferred embodiments of the invention, said or each actuating slider is pre-tensioned in a radially outward direction and includes a locking device that prevents the actuating slider from moving radially outward after the actuating slider has been displaced radially inward. In this way, the locking device ensures that the safety catch, pressed against the edge of the rim or pressed behind it by means of the actuating slide, remains in this position. For example, small spring steel plates can be used as a locking device, the free end of which interacts with a tooth on the actuator slide. Other locking devices are possible to prevent the actuator from moving radially outward after actuation.

The above-disclosed embodiments of an emergency nozzle comprising at least one automatically tightening safety catch do not depend on the substantially circular design of the mounting part. Rather, it is possible to use mounting parts of a different design, for example in which a plurality of fastening arms extend radially outward from the center of the mounting part and at least one locking claw is located at the free end of each of them.

In the above-disclosed embodiments with one or more safety grips, the actuator slide, pre-tensioned in a radially outward direction and radially protruding from the tread of the emergency nozzle, serves to move the corresponding safety grip radially inward and is therefore called an actuator. However, a slider configured and positioned in this manner can also be used to prevent the inadvertent loosening or release of a radially movable locking claw engaged with the rim flange by the described emergency run attachment mounting portion of the invention. To do this, such a slider, pre-elastically stressed in the radially outward direction and passing through the protector of the emergency nozzle, is placed in the area of the emergency nozzle located radially outside the radially movable locking grip. In the operating mode of the emergency nozzle, this slider, which initially protrudes radially from the tread, is pressed radially inward upon contact with the road surface, and the radially inner end of the slider is designed in such a way that it is pressed radially outward against the locking grip, more precisely, against the head of the locking grip . Since the above-described locking device prevents the slider from moving radially outward after being displaced radially inward, such contact of the radially inner end of the slider with the head of the locking claw means that the head of the locking claw maintains its position and cannot become loose or detached. Thus, such a slider is a stopper of the locking grip.

From the previous description of the emergency attachment proposed by the invention, it is obvious that upon corresponding rotation of the drive device, said or each movable locking claw will move radially inward, as a result of which the mounting part will be clamped on the rim of the vehicle wheel. To prevent excessive torque during clamping of the mounting part on the rim of a vehicle wheel, which could lead, for example, to undesirable deformation of the rim flange, preferred embodiments of the emergency attachment include a device for limiting the torque developed by the drive device. If the drive device is a drive gear connected or coupled to the actuator, then such drive gear may be coupled to a cap nut in which such torque limiting device is located. The torque limiting device may be, for example, a slip clutch consisting of several spring washers arranged one above the other. The spring washers may have corresponding elevations and depressions to allow the torque limiting device to continue to rotate to some extent after exceeding a predetermined torque without increasing the torque applied to the actuator.

For protection as well as for guiding and/or supporting the annular actuator, the mounting part preferably comprises at least a substantially annular housing in which the actuator is located. To facilitate attachment of the mounting portion to a vehicle wheel, in preferred embodiments of the invention, a handle is attached to the housing extending over the free center of the mounting portion body, the handle preferably arcing outward for ease of grip.

Brief description of drawings

Several embodiments of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention are disclosed below with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings and a description of other details of the embodiments. The figures show:

Figure 1 is an exploded view of a first embodiment of the emergency nozzle according to the invention.

Figure 2: the emergency nozzle shown in figure 1, in the installed state on the wheel of the vehicle.

Figure 3: view from figure 2 with the tread part partially removed.

Figure 4: cross-section of the emergency nozzle (see figure 2) mounted on a vehicle wheel, with an enlarged fragment of the locking grip area.

Figure 5: Exploded view of a second embodiment of the emergency nozzle according to the invention.

Figure 6: Sections illustrating the interactions between the actuator disk and the locking jaws in the second embodiment shown in Figure 5.

Figure 7: fragmentary spatial image of the third embodiment of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention.

Figure 8: fragmentary spatial image of a modification of the third embodiment of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention.

Figure 9: fragmentary spatial representation of the first modification of the fourth embodiment of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention in a top-angle view.

Figure 10: fragmentary view of Figure 9 from below.

Figure 11 is a plan view of the first modification of the fourth embodiment in a state of being attached to a vehicle wheel.

Figure 12: section along line AA from figure 1.

Figure 13: fragmentary spatial representation of the second modification of the fourth embodiment of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention in a top-angle view.

Figure 14: fragmentary spatial image of the third modification of the fourth embodiment of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention in a top-angle view.

Figure 15: fragmentary spatial representation of the fourth modification of the fourth embodiment of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention in a top-angle view.

Figure 16: fragmentary spatial representation of the fifth modification of the fourth embodiment of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention in a top-angle view.

Figure 17: fragment of the fifth modification of the fourth embodiment with the actuator disk removed.

Figure 18: fragmentary spatial representation of the first modification of the fifth embodiment of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention in an angled top view, in a state of attachment to a vehicle wheel.

Figure 19: Second modification of the fifth embodiment, slightly different from Figure 18.

Figure 20: spatial view of the emergency nozzle with the handle proposed by the invention.

Figure 21 is a plan view of a separately depicted locking grip of the emergency drive attachment according to the invention, in the position that the locking grip initially assumes when attaching the emergency drive attachment to a vehicle wheel.

Figure 22: section along line A-A in Figure 21.

Figure 23 is a plan view of a modified locking grip of the emergency nozzle according to the invention.

Figure 24: 3D view of the locking grip shown in Figure 23.

Figure 25 is a plan view of the locking grip of the emergency nozzle according to the invention, with an indicator element indicating correct installation.

Figure 26: section along line AA in Figure 25.

Figure 27: sectional view of the part of the locking grip containing the indicator element of Figure 26, in a state of correct installation on the vehicle wheel.

Figure 28: View of a modified locking grip of the emergency nozzle proposed by the invention.

Figure 29: fragment of the locking grip from Figure 28 in the installed state on the vehicle wheel.

Figure 30: spatial representation of a locking grip designed as a double grip.

Figure 31: Plan view of a modified dual grip embodiment.

Figure 32: A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the emergency nozzle according to the invention with at least one additional safety catch.

Figure 33: View of Figure 32 with the safety catch clamped on the rim of a vehicle wheel.

Figure 34 is a plan view of a cap nut for screwing the protector part to the mounting part of the emergency nozzle according to the invention.

Figure 35: cross-section of the cap nut from Figure 34 in an unscrewed state.

Figure 36: cross-section of the cap nut from Figure 35 in a screwed state.

Figure 37: A perspective view of a sixth embodiment of the emergency nozzle according to the invention with an automatically locking tread portion in a top angle view.

Figure 38: section along line C-C from Fig. 37.

Figure 39 shows a section through a cap nut for a rotatable pinion gear according to the invention of the emergency drive attachment, wherein the cap nut contains a torque limiting device.

Figure 40: Expanded view of the cap nut from Figure 39 with a modified torque limiter.

Carrying out the invention

FIGS. 1-4 show a first embodiment of an emergency attachment 10 for a vehicle wheel 12 comprising a rim 14 and a tire 16 located on the rim (shown only in FIGS. 21 and 22). In its operating condition (see FIG. 2), the emergency traction nozzle 10 is mounted on the outside of the vehicle wheel 12 and attached to the rim 14 of the vehicle wheel 12 to allow continued movement in the event of a tire failure. Although not shown in FIG. 2, in the operating mode of the emergency accessory 10, the damaged tire 16 typically remains on the rim 14 unless the tire 16 is completely detached from the rim 14. The functionality of the emergency accessory 10 on vehicle wheel 12 is independent of availability of tire 16.

The design diagram of the first embodiment of the emergency nozzle 10 is clearly shown in an exploded view in FIG. 1. Accordingly, the emergency nozzle 10 contains a substantially annular mounting part 18, which serves to install the emergency nozzle 10 on the wheel 12 of the vehicle, more precisely, on its rim 14, and also contains a substantially annular tread part 20, the tread 21 of which in operating mode The emergency nozzle 10 comes into contact with the road surface, along which the wheel 12 of the vehicle with the emergency nozzle 10 installed on it should roll. In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting portion 18 and the tread portion 20 form two separate units sequentially mounted on the vehicle wheel 12. In other embodiments not shown in the figure, the mounting portion 18 and the tread portion 20 may form a single interconnected assembly mounted as such to the vehicle wheel 12.

For attachment to a vehicle wheel 12, the mounting portion 18 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 contains six locking claws 22, the design of which is shown in detail in FIGS. 23-31, and which in any case are designed to engage the flange 26 of the rim 14 with the help of the head 24 of the fixing grip in the form of a hook and in the installed state fit tightly to the edge 26 of the rim. This condition is clearly visible in figure 4, which shows a section along the line IV-IV from figure 2. Six locking claws 22 are distributed around the circumference of the mounting portion 18, and each of them extends radially outward. The locking claws 22 may be spaced equidistant from each other in the circumferential direction, but in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, they are divided into two groups of three claws, one of which, consisting of three locking claws 22, is located on the left side of the mounting part 18 from the IV-IV cut line, and another group consisting of three fixing grips is on the right side.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, all locking claws 22 are radially movable, allowing the distance of the locking claw heads 24 from the center of the mounting portion 18 to be varied. To achieve this, each locking claw 22 is radially movable in a substantially circular main body 28 mounting portion 18. In the illustrated embodiment, the guide is a radially oriented groove 34 in the main body 28, defined by two side projections 30 and a bottom 32. Each locking jaw 22 includes a locking arm 36, in this case formed integrally with a corresponding locking jaw head 24 and located with the possibility of radial displacement in the groove 34 of the guide. At the end of each locking jaw 22 opposite the head 24 of the locking jaw, the locking arm 36 has a threaded hole 38 for receiving a threaded spindle 40, the end portion of which is screwed into the threaded hole 38. At the other end of the threaded spindle 40 or adjacent to it on the threaded spindle 40 is located gear 44, in this case made in the form of a bevel gear 42.

To combine the radially directed inward or outward movement of all the radially movable locking jaws 22, there is an annular actuator, which in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-4 is an annular actuator disk 46 with internal teeth 48 formed on its inner circumference. The actuator disk 46 is rotatably mounted on the main body 28 of the mounting portion 18 so that its internal teeth 48 engage each bevel gear 42.

To drive the actuator disk 46, the drive gear 52, which in this case is also in the form of a bevel gear, is rotatably mounted on the axial support pin 50 of the main body 28 and meshes with the internal teeth 48 of the actuator disk 46. drive gear 52 includes a nut, in this case in the form of a cap nut 54, which projects axially beyond the actuator disk 46. Essentially, the annular cover 56 is attached to the main body 28 by screws 58 and together with the main body 28 forms the housing 60 of the mounting part 18, which houses the locking jaws 22 (partially), the bevel gears 42, the actuator disk 46, and the drive gear 52. The cap nut 54 of the drive gear 52 protrudes axially from the housing 60 through a hole 62 in the cover 56, allowing the drive gear 52 to rotate. wrench or other suitable tool.

Such rotation of the drive gear 52 leads to rotation of the actuator disk 46 around the axis A of rotation, which coincides with the axis of rotation of the wheel 12 of the vehicle in the operating mode of the emergency nozzle 10 (see Fig. 4). The rotation of the actuator disk 46 is transmitted to the bevel gears 42 of the locking jaws 22, as a result of which all radially movable locking jaws 22 synchronously move radially outward or radially inward, depending on the direction of rotation of the drive gear 52. Of course, the running nut assembly formed by the bevel gear 42 and threaded spindle 40 may comprise either a non-rotatable threaded spindle 40 and a bevel gear 42 rotatably mounted thereon, or, alternatively, a bevel gear 42 mounted to a non-rotatably threaded spindle 40, in which case the threaded spindle 40 must be installed with the possibility of free rotation in the threaded hole 38 of the locking lever 36.

When referred to herein as a radially movable locking grip, what is meant is not necessarily exclusively radial movement, but rather movement in a substantially radial direction. For example, in Fig. 4 it is clear that the movement of the locking grips 22 does not occur strictly in the plane E, perpendicular to the axis A of rotation, but in the plane F, inclined at an angle (3, equal to 5°, to the plane E. In other words, when displaced radially outward, each locking grip 22 moves not only radially outward, but also with some axial displacement towards the rim 14 of the wheel 12 of the vehicle, and vice versa.

In the initial state of the mounting portion 18, all of the radially movable locking claws 22 are positioned such that the mounting portion 18 can be mounted to the vehicle wheel 12 from the outside such that each locking claw head 24 is in the region of the rim flange 26, but slightly radially outside it. The mounting portion 18 is then pressed axially against the vehicle wheel 12 while rotating the drive gear 52 so that the locking claws 22 move radially inward, that is, so that the locking claw heads 24 can engage the rim flange 26. The drive gear 52 continues to rotate until the locking jaw heads 24 come into close contact with the rim flange 26. Typically, the drive gear 52 is rotated until a predetermined torque, for example 60 Nm, is achieved, which ensures that each locking jaw head 24 is in close contact with the rim flange 26 and thus securely connects the mounting portion 18 as a whole to the vehicle wheel 12.

A tread portion 20 is then mounted on the mounting portion 18 thus attached to the vehicle wheel 12. For this purpose, a plurality of mounting pins 64 are used, in this case in the form of threaded pins projecting axially, or at least substantially axially, from housing 60 of the mounting part 18 on the side opposite to the wheel 12 of the vehicle. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, each such mounting pin 64 is attached to or formed on a locking arm 36 of each locking jaw 22 and is thus not strictly axially oriented, but is inclined at an angle of 0 to the plane E. B In other embodiments, locating pins 64 may protrude axially from the main body 28. To position the tread portion 20 on the mounting portion 18, a series of positioning pins 66 are used, which in this case are attached to or formed on the main body 28 and protrude axially outward. .

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the tread portion 20 consists of two substantially half-ring segments 68 and 70 sequentially attached to a mounting portion 18 secured to the vehicle wheel 12. First, the segment 68, shown at the top of FIG. 1, is pushed onto the corresponding mounting pins 64 and positioning pins 66 (for this purpose, each segment 68 and 70 has corresponding slots 72 and positioning recesses 74). A cap nut 76 is then screwed onto each of the two upper mounting pins 64 extending through the segment 68 to press the segment 68 against and secure to the mounting portion 18. As the vehicle (not shown in the figure) with the vehicle wheel 12 moves forward or backward, the vehicle wheel 12 is rotated such that the segment 68, which was initially on top, moves to a lower position. In this case, the tread 21 of the segment 68 comes into contact with the surface of the roadway on which the wheel 12 of the vehicle is located. The second segment 70 of the tread portion 20 can then be installed similarly to the segment 68. After the corresponding cap nuts 76 have been tightened to the prescribed torque, the emergency nozzle 10 is ready for use.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, two slots 72 are provided on the dividing line between two segments 68 and 70 of the tread portion 20. To provide a load-bearing connection between the two segments 68, 70, the second segment 70 in the area of each divided sipes 72 includes a bridge 78. attached to the second segment 70 and pressed against the first segment 68 by tightening the corresponding cap nut 76.

To remove the emergency nozzle 10, perform the steps in the reverse order, i.e. First, the cap nuts 76 are loosened and two segments 68, 70 of the tread portion 20 are sequentially removed from the mounting portion 18. The drive gear 52 of the mounting portion 18 is then rotated in a direction causing the locking jaws 22 to move radially outward. Once the locking claw heads 24 are disengaged from the rim flange 26, the mounting portion 18 can be removed from the vehicle wheel 12.

In a modification of the first embodiment, not shown in the figure, the actuator disk 46 may have, in addition to internal teeth 48, external teeth for engagement with the drive gear 52. In this embodiment, the drive gear 52 is located radially outside the actuator disk 46, in contrast to the embodiment shown in figure 1. In this modified embodiment, the internal teeth 48 serve only to transmit the rotational motion of the actuator disk 46 to the bevel gears 42.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the emergency nozzle 10a, slightly different from the first embodiment. The main difference lies in the design of the actuating disk and gears corresponding to the locking jaws 22. Although the annular actuating disk 46a in the second embodiment also includes internal teeth 48, it only serves to engage the drive gear 52, which in the second embodiment is designed as conventional spur gear. The rotational motion of the actuator disk 46a is transmitted to the radially movable locking jaws 22 by means of a series of slot-like slots 80 in the actuator disk 46a, which engage gears 44a, each of which is connected to a threaded spindle 40 of a corresponding locking jaw 22. Unlike the first embodiment. , in which the gears 44 are bevel gears, the gears 44a are conventional spur gears. The operating principle of this second embodiment corresponds to the operating principle of the first embodiment and is well illustrated in FIG. 6, which simply shows the interaction between the drive gear 52, the actuator disk 46a, and the gears 44a of the locking jaws 22.

Similar to the modification described above in connection with the first embodiment, the second embodiment can be modified so that the drive gear 52 is not located radially inside the actuator disk 46a, but radially outside it. In this case, there may be no internal teeth 48, but external teeth must be provided on the actuator disk 46a to allow the rotational motion of the pinion gear 52 to be transmitted to the actuator disk 46a.

7 and 8 show a third embodiment of the emergency nozzle 10b, which differs from the two previously described options in that a chain 82 is used as an annular actuating element instead of an annular actuating disk. For clarity, only the mounting part 18 is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 (also only partially).

In FIG. 7, the chain 82 is located and guided in a circular path in the housing of the mounting part 18. The rotational movement of the drive gear 52 rotates the chain 82 about the rotation axis A, and the chain 82 transmits this movement to the transmission gears 44b, which are rotatably mounted on the main body 28 , and the rotation axis of which is parallel to the rotation axis A (in contrast, the rotation axis of the gears 44 and 44a of the first and second embodiments in each case is a substantially radial central longitudinal axis of the corresponding threaded spindle 40). An additional difference between the third embodiment and the first two embodiments is that the radially oriented locking arm 36b on one side has teeth 84 that engage a corresponding transmission gear 44b, which in turn engages a chain 82. Thus Thus, each rotational movement of the drive gear 44b is converted into a radially directed translational movement of the corresponding locking jaw 22, which is directed radially outward or radially inward depending on the direction of rotation of the drive gear 52.

FIG. 8 shows a modification of the third embodiment in which the chain 82 does not follow a circular path, but rather a straight line between the transfer gears 44b and the drive gear 52.

In a modification of the third embodiment not shown in the figure, one of the transmission gears 44b can simultaneously serve as a drive gear. To do this, only one of the drive gears 44b must have a nut, such as the cap nut 54 shown. A separate drive gear 52, shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, may not be present.

A further difference between the examples of the third embodiment (see FIGS. 7 and 8) from the first two embodiments is that only three radially movable locking jaws 22 are provided, equally spaced from each other in the circumferential direction of the mounting part 18. Of course, in a third embodiment, more or less radially movable locking claws 22 may also be provided.

FIGS. 9 to 14 show examples of the fourth embodiment of the emergency nozzle 10. The difference from the previous three embodiments is that the rotational motion of the pinion gear 52 is transmitted to the radially movable locking jaws 22.

A first example of the fourth embodiment is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 and comprises an annular actuator disk 46c comprising outer teeth 86 meshed with a drive gear 52, in this case located radially outside the actuator disk 46c. On the side of the actuator disk 46 c facing the locking jaws 22, a plurality of helix segment-shaped protrusions 88 are formed in the circumferential direction of the actuator disk 46 c, each of which forms a helix segment-shaped wing 90. On the surface of each locking lever 36 c facing this side of the actuator disk 46 c, several rocker stones are formed, radially spaced from each other, in the form of a short rib 92 in the shape of a spiral segment, each pair of which interacts with a rocker 90 formed by a segment-shaped protrusion 88 spirals on the actuator disk 46c. It is apparent that the rotation of the actuator disk 46c caused by the rotation of the drive gear 52 causes each movable locking arm 22 to move radially outward or radially inward depending on the direction of rotation of the drive gear 52. A plurality of ribs 92 in the form of helix segments formed on the locking arm 36c allow each locking claw 22 to be initially positioned in a radially outward or radially inward position to accommodate different diameters of the vehicle wheel 12 (e.g., 15 inches as the smallest size and 19 inches as the largest size of the vehicle wheel 12 to which the emergency attachment 10 is mounted progress).

Unlike the three previously described embodiments, in the first example of the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 9-12, each locking jaw 22 is configured as a double jaw with two circumferentially spaced locking elements 94 separated by a space 96 and mounted on a common locking lever 36 sec. Of course, such locking grips, designed as double grips, can be used in both the previously discussed and the embodiments discussed below. An additional difference between the first example of the fourth embodiment and the first three embodiments is that each of the two locking jaws 22 includes two mounting pins 64. This embodiment may also be used in the previously discussed and discussed below embodiments.

Finally, in a modification of the first example of the fourth embodiment not shown in the figure, the actuator disk 46 c may include internal teeth instead of outer teeth 86, in which case the drive gear 52 is located radially within the actuator disk in a similar manner to the first two embodiments.

FIG. 13 shows a second example of the fourth embodiment in which the helix segment-shaped protrusions 88 slightly overlap each other to some extent in the circumferential direction of the actuator disk 46c. In other words, in each section of the actuator disk 46 c related to the radially movable locking grip 22, several wings 90 in the form of spiral segments formed by the projections 88 are arranged radially one after another. This allows for better transmission of force from the actuator disk 46 s to each locking lever 36 s.

FIG. 14 shows a third example of the fourth embodiment in which only one through protrusion 88 in the form of a spiral segment is located on the actuator disk 46 c. Of course, in this case it will be sufficient if each locking lever 36 c contains only two ribs 92 in the form of spiral segments as rocker stones (but may contain more than two ribs 92).

FIGS. 15 to 17 show fourth and fifth examples of the fourth embodiment in which at least one or each helix-segment-shaped slide 90 is formed by a corresponding helix-segment-shaped actuator disc 46 c slot 98. For example, instead of the single helix segment-shaped protrusion 88 described in connection with the previous embodiment, the actuator disk 46c may have one helix segment-shaped through-slot 98.

In the fourth example of the fourth embodiment shown in Fig. 15, three slots 98 in the form of spiral segments are provided in the circumferential direction of the actuator disk 46c, each of which is designed to interact with the locking grip 22. For this purpose, each locking grip 22 contains a rocker stone in in the form of a pin 100 which is attached to or formed on the locking lever 36c and fits into a corresponding slot 98 in the form of a spiral segment. Similar to the operating principle of the first three examples of the fourth embodiment, each rotational movement of the drive gear 52, in this case located radially inside the actuator disk 46 c, is also converted by the slides 90 in the form of spiral segments into a radially directed translational movement of the locking jaws 22. Of course, instead of the drive gear 52 located radially inside the actuator disk, it is possible to use a drive gear located radially outside the actuator disk, that is, in connection with the outer teeth of the actuator disk 46 c (its internal teeth may be missing).

FIGS. 16 and 17 show a fifth example of the fourth embodiment, also comprising three slots 98 in the form of spiral segments spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the actuator disk, the inclination of which is chosen to be steeper in the fifth example than in the fourth. This makes it possible to provide the teeth of the actuating disk 46 c, in this case in the form of external teeth 86, only on part of the circumference of the actuating disk 46 c, since further teeth are not necessary to achieve the maximum possible radial displacement of the locking jaws 22. FIG. 17 shows that The locking arm 36 from each locking jaw 22 can be mounted in different radial positions relative to the actuator disk 46c by providing radially spaced mounting holes 102, allowing the product to be adapted to different wheel or rim sizes.

18 and 19 show a fifth embodiment of the emergency stroke attachment 10d with an annular actuator disk 46d with internal teeth, in which, similar to the third embodiment, the rotation of the drive gear 52 is transmitted to the locking jaws 22 or converted into a radial movement of the locking jaws 22 through transmission gears 44b and teeth 84 in the form of a rack. FIG. 19 shows a modification of this fifth embodiment in which the transmission gear 44b shown at the top of FIG. 18 includes a cap nut 54, allowing it to simultaneously serve as a drive gear 52. Thus, the separate drive gear 52 shown in FIG. 18 becomes redundant.

FIG. 20 illustrates an emergency attachment 10 mounted on a vehicle wheel 12, for example, in accordance with the first or second embodiment, wherein to facilitate attachment of the mounting portion 18 to the vehicle wheel, the housing 60 of the mounting portion 18 includes a handle 104 extending above the free center of housing 60, attached to housing 60 and slightly curved outward. This or a similar handle 104 facilitates holding and pressing the mounting portion 18 against the vehicle wheel 12 or rim 14 during installation on the vehicle wheel 12. This or a similar handle 104 may also be used in other previously discussed embodiments.

21 and 22, to better understand the process of attaching the locking jaws 22, one locking jaw 22 is shown in the state that each locking jaw 22 assumes at the beginning of the process of attaching the mounting part 18 to the wheel 12 of the vehicle. In this case, Fig. 22 shows a section along line AA from Fig. 21. In particular, in Fig. 22 it is clearly visible that the free end of the head 24 of the locking grip, curved in the form of a hook, must be inserted into the gap between the tire 16 and the flange 26 of the rim 14 so that the head 24 of the locking grip can engage with the edge 26 rims. To facilitate insertion of the front portion of the locking grip head 24, one or more recesses 108 may be provided on the tire 16-facing surface of the end portion 106 containing the free end of the locking grip head 24. These recesses 108, which in this case are approximately hemispherical in shape, allow press portions of the rubber material of the tire 16 into the recesses 108 when the locking grip head 24 is inserted into the said gap, and thereby reduce the pressure that must be applied to insert the locking grip head 24 into the said gap. Thus, the recesses 108 facilitate installation.

To better determine whether mounting portion 18 is properly secured to vehicle wheel 12 or rim 14, at least one locking claw 22 (preferably, each radially displaceable locking claw 22) includes an indicator device to indicate correct installation. As shown in FIGS. 25-27, each locking claw 22 includes a radially oriented abutment surface 110 by which it abuts the outside of the rim 14 when the emergency accessory is properly installed. In the region of this radial abutment surface 110 there is an indicator element 112, in this case in the form of a pin, extending axially through a locking catch in the region of the abutment surface 110 and pre-tensioned by a spring 114 located in the insertion hole of the indicator element 112, so that in the state where the locking grip 22 is not installed, the end of the indicator member 112 facing the rim 14 protruded from the radial stop surface 110. The other opposite end of the indicator member 112 serving as an indicator is located deep in the above hole when viewed from the outside, and therefore not visible or barely visible from the outside (see Fig. 26).

If the mounting portion 18 is installed correctly, the abutment surface 110 of each locking jaw 22 is against the outside of the rim 14, which means that the rim-facing end of the indicator element 112 is now flush with the abutment surface 110. When the indicator element 112 is pressed into the receiving hole the axial outer end of the indicator element 112 serving as an indicator is moved so that it is clearly visible from the outside and thereby signals the correct installation. For example, this end of the indicator element 112 can be painted green so that correct installation can be judged by the appearance of a green mark in the externally visible part of the receiving hole.

28 and 29 show a modified embodiment of the locking grip 22. Such a modified locking grip 22, which can be used in any of the embodiments and exemplary embodiments described above, includes a central contact portion 116 for contacting the rim flange 26, as well as at least at least one (in this case two) safety part 118 located in the circumferential direction next to the contact part 116. As can be clearly seen in Fig. 29, each safety part 118 is not adjacent to the rim flange 26 in the operating mode of the emergency nozzle, but is located on a small distance x from the rim flange 26, which can be from 0.2 to 0.5 mm and is preferably about 0.3 mm. The contact part 116, on the contrary, is tightly clamped to the edge 26 of the rim in the operating mode of the emergency nozzle.

If overload during operation of the emergency nozzle causes the contact portion 116 to break, this will not result in failure of the emergency nozzle because one safety portion 118 or safety portions 118, in this case located on either side of the contact portion 116, prevent the locking claw from becoming detached 22 with a faulty contact part 116 from the vehicle wheel 12. In this case, the distance x between each safety part 118 and the rim flange 26 purposefully causes a rattling sound during further operation of the emergency accessory, which indicates to the driver of the respective vehicle that something is wrong with the emergency accessory.

FIG. 30 shows a locking grip 22 configured as a double grip with two locking elements 94 that are spaced circumferentially apart from the example shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. Each locking element 94 can comprise a contact portion 116 and at least one safety portion 118, as previously explained in connection with FIGS. 28 and 29.

31 is a plan view of yet another modified embodiment of the locking jaw 22, configured as a double jaw, in which each locking element 94 is a separate element mounted on a common locking arm 36 and rotatable by a small amount about the Y axis. perpendicular to the plane defined by the common locking arm 36. The degree of possible rotation of each locking element 92 is determined by the spherical configuration of the lateral abutment surface 120 on the locking arm 36 and the longitudinal hole 122, which is oriented in the circumferential direction and in which the locking pin (not shown in the figure) is located. operating as a rotation limiter for the locking element 94. Each locking element 94 is rotatably secured to the mounting pin 64, as shown in FIG.

The dual grip embodiment shown in FIG. 31 allows each locking element 94 to be correctly brought into contact with the rim flange 26 during radial inward movement of the locking jaw 22, even if the locking elements 94 are spaced apart from each other by a greater distance in the circumferential direction. Any angular errors that may arise, for example as a result of manufacturing errors, are compensated by the automatic rotation of the locking elements during clamping.

FIGS. 32 and 33 show an example of an emergency access attachment 10 in accordance with one of the previously described embodiments, in which, in addition to the radially movable locking claws 22, at least one, and preferably more, automatically tightening safety claws 124 are provided. Each safety claw is provided 124 is included in the tread portion 20 and therefore cannot be displaced radially inward or radially outward by rotation of the pinion gear 52. Instead, each safety catch 124 includes an actuator 126 that extends through the tread 21 of the tread portion 20 and initially projects radially outward. tread 21 (see Fig. 32). The actuating slide 126 is pre-stressed radially outward by the spring 128 acting on it. In this initial state, the safety grip 124 does not yet engage the rim 14 of the vehicle wheel 12.

After successful installation of the emergency nozzle 10, the tread 21, in the operating mode of the emergency nozzle, rolls along the surface of the roadway, thereby pressing the actuating slide 126 radially inward, which leads to the pressing of each safety grip 124 by the flange 26 of the rim 14. Thus, the safety position is achieved grip 124 corresponding to the position of the correctly installed locking grip 22. Of course, to achieve this position, no intervention by the user of such emergency nozzle 10 is required; rather, the emergency nozzle reaches this position on its own during operation, which is why the safety catch 124 is referred to as automatically tightening.

To prevent accidental release of the safety catch 124 engaged with the rim flange 26, each safety catch 124 includes a locking device to prevent the actuator 126 from moving radially outward after the actuator 126 has been displaced radially inward. In the illustrated embodiment, this locking device is formed by a side rib 130 on the actuator slide 126 interacting with a spring steel plate (not shown in the figure) mounted radially inwardly inclined, the free end of this spring steel plate engaging the side rib 130 in a locking manner. and thereby prevents the actuator slide 126 from moving back radially outward. Such a rib 130 may alternatively or additionally be provided on the opposite side of the actuator slide 126 (including in conjunction with a spring steel plate).

A safety catch 124 of the type described is preferably located in the circumferential direction of the emergency nozzle between two radially movable locking claws 22. For example, in embodiments with three radially movable locking claws 22, one safety claw 124 may be located between two circumferentially adjacent locking claws. 22, that is, this embodiment comprises a total of three radially movable locking jaws 22 and three safety jaws 124. Of course, other combinations are possible.

As noted above, in some embodiments, the tread portion 20 is secured to the mounting portion 18 by tightening the nuts on the threaded pin mounting pins to a prescribed torque. To make it easier for the user to determine whether this prescribed torque has been achieved, in one embodiment, these nuts are designed as cap nuts 76, each of which includes an optical and/or acoustic indicator device to indicate correct installation. An example of such a cap nut 76 is shown in FIGS. 34-36.

In Fig. 35 such a cap nut 76 is shown in its original position. In the upper central part of the cap nut 76 there is a plunger 132 supported by a spring plate 134, which in the initial position shown in Fig. 35 is prestressed axially inward and abuts the upper inner side of the cap nut 76. The inner side 136 of the larger plunger 132 diameter is designed to contact the free end of the mounting pin 64 (not shown in the figure), onto which the cap nut 76 is to be screwed.

If the free end of the mounting pin 64 comes into contact with the inner side 136 of the plunger 132 when the prescribed torque is reached, then the axial force of the spring plate 134 is exceeded and the plunger 132 moves axially outward to a second position in which the color indicator element 138 is preferably flush with the outer surface of the cap nut 76 (see Fig. 36). The transition of the spring plate 134 to the position shown in Fig. 36 is accompanied by a sound. In addition, the indicator element 138, located flush with the outer surface of the cap nut 76, indicates the correct installation of the protector portion 20 on the mounting portion 18.

As shown in FIGS. 35 and 36, and in particular in the corresponding detail, the plunger 132, the spring plate 134 and the indicator element 138 are included in the indicator device 131, which is integrally secured in the cap nut 76. The body of the indicator device 131 consists of ring nut 133 and cap 135. The cap 135 is screwed into the ring nut 133 from above and presses the spring plate 134 against the plunger 132. The ring nut 133, in turn, is screwed into the internal thread of the cap nut 76 open at the top (thus, the nut 76 becomes a cap nut only after installing the cover 135). The indicator element 138 extends into a central hole in the cover 135.

FIGS. 37 and 38 show a sixth embodiment of the emergency attachment of the invention, in which the tread portion 20 or segments thereof (eg, segments 68 and 70 described above) are attached to the mounting portion 18 without the use of threaded connections. Instead, the sixth embodiment provides locking devices located on the side of the emergency nozzle opposite the vehicle wheel 12. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 37 and 38, each locking device 140 includes a radially movable slide 142 mounted on the outer side of the housing 60 of the mounting part 18, more precisely on the cover 56 of the mounting part 18, by means of four screws 144, two of which in this embodiment, pass through a longitudinal hole 146 formed on the upper side of the slider 142 and oriented substantially radially. Two further screws 144 extend through another longitudinal hole 148 oriented parallel to the first longitudinal hole 146. As can be clearly seen in the enlarged view of FIG. 37, each slide 142 includes a retaining bracket 150, which in the example shown is secured to the radially inner edge of the cover 56 mounting portion 18, for example, by screws, rivets, or the like, but may also be cast integrally with the cap or welded to the cap 56. The retaining bracket 150 supports a spring 152 that pretensions the slider 142 in a radially outward direction.

The radially outer end surface of each slider 142 is formed as an oblique guide inclined plane or surface 154 which, when the tread portion 20 or segments 68, 70 of the tread portion 20 are installed, comes into contact with the corresponding surface or edge of the tread portion 20, that is, when the tread portion is pressed in 20 or a segment 68, 70 thereof in the axial direction to the mounting portion 18, the slider 142 is initially moved radially inward until the outer side of the tread portion 20 opposite the vehicle wheel 12 passes the underside of the slider 142. At this point, the slider 142 moves again radially outward under the action of a pre-elastic tension directed radially outward, and the lower side of the slider 142 slides onto the outer side of the tread portion 20, locking the tread portion 20 or a segment thereof in the correct position. A cross-section of the slider 142 and surrounding components shown in FIG. 38 illustrates this fixed state.

To disengage such an automatically locking tread portion 20 from the mounting portion 18, it is sufficient to move the slider 142 radially inward until the underside of each slider 142 no longer overlaps the outer side of the tread portion 20.

The automatically locking embodiment shown in FIGS. 37 and 38 is not tied to any particular embodiment of the emergency nozzle. It can be used with all of the emergency access attachment embodiments previously shown and described, as well as with emergency access attachment embodiments not described or shown herein.

As noted above, when installing the mounting part 18 on the vehicle wheel 12, the drive gear 52 is rotated until a prescribed torque is reached to ensure reliable contact of all radially movable locking jaws 22 with the rim flange 26. To prevent over-tightening of the locking jaws 22, in some embodiments of the emergency stroke attachment 10, the drive gear 52 connected or configured to be connected to the actuator is equipped with a torque limiting device. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 39, such a torque limiting device is located in the cap nut 54 of the pinion gear 52 and consists of a plurality of spring washers 156 that are stacked on top of each other, are in mutual contact and, when the pinion gear 52 rotates, is like a slipper. coupling, prevent the supply of emergency torque nozzle 10 exceeding the specified one. The spring washer stack 156 transmits any rotational motion of the cap nut 54 to the pinion gear 52 only until the frictional force between the spring washers 156, as determined by the corresponding preload of the spring pack, is exceeded. As cap nut 54 rotates further, the individual spring washers 156 "slip" against each other in a circumferential direction such that subsequent rotational motion can no longer be transmitted to drive gear 52.

FIG. 40 shows an alternative design of such a torque limiting device. Here, the slipper clutch consists of two mutually facing clutch discs 158 and 160, the facing surfaces of which are provided with cake slice shaped projections 162 and cake slice shaped recesses 164 arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. In this case, in the tightening direction, each side side 166 of the protrusion 162 and the corresponding side side 168 of the corresponding recess 164 are beveled, that is, when the moment determined by the force of the spring pressing the clutch disks 158, 160 against each other is exceeded, the clutch disk 158 begins to slip over the clutch disk 160 , preventing rotational motion from being transmitted to the drive gear 52 as in the previously described embodiment.

Claims (34)

1. An emergency nozzle (10; 10a; 10b; 10c; 10d) for a wheel (12) of a vehicle containing a rim (14) and a tire (16) located on the rim (14), wherein the emergency nozzle is designed to be installed on the outer side of the vehicle wheel (12) and in the operating state in which it is attached to the vehicle wheel (12), provides the ability to move with limited functionality of the tire, wherein the emergency attachment comprises a substantially annular mounting part (18) serving for mounting emergency nozzles (10; 10a; 10b; 10c; 10d) on the vehicle wheel, and essentially an annular tread part (20), which in operating condition comes into contact with the road surface on which the vehicle wheel (12) should roll , wherein the mounting part (18) contains at least two locking grips (22), configured to attach the mounting part (18) to the rim (14) of the vehicle wheel (12) by engaging the edge (26) of the rim (14), wherein at least one of the fixing grips (22) is made radially movable to change its distance from the center of the mounting part (18), characterized in that the annular mounting part (18) contains an annular actuator, configured to rotate around an axis (A) of rotation coinciding with the axis of the vehicle wheel, in the operating state of the emergency nozzle and being part of a transmission that converts the rotation of the actuator into radial displacement of said or all of said radially movable locking jaws (22), wherein the annular mounting portion (18) further comprises a drive device which is connected or configured to be connected to the annular actuator and the actuation of which results in rotation of the annular actuator. 2. The emergency nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator is a chain (82), and the drive device is a rotatable drive gear (52) engaged or configured to engage with the chain (82). 3. The emergency run attachment according to claim 2, characterized in that each movable locking claw (22) contains a locking lever (36b) extending radially inward from the locking claw, and on one side of the locking lever there are teeth (84) in the form of a rack. , engaging with a rotatable transmission gear (44b) corresponding to the locking jaw (22) and, in turn, engaging with the chain (82). 4. Emergency nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuating element is an annular actuating disk (46; 46a; 46c; 46d). 5. Emergency nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that the actuating disk (46; 46a; 46c; 46d) contains internal teeth (48) or external teeth (86), and the drive device is a rotating drive gear (52), engaged or configured to engage with internal teeth (48) or external teeth (86). 6. The emergency nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that the actuating disk (46a) contains an annular row of recesses or slots (80), and each movable locking grip (22) corresponds to a gear (44a) that fits into the recesses or slots (80 ) of the actuator disk (46a) and connected to a threaded spindle (40), which in turn is connected to a corresponding locking jaw (22) and is configured to convert the rotational movement of the gear (44a) at least substantially into a radially directed translational movement locking grip (22). 7. The emergency nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that the actuating disk (46) contains internal teeth (48), and the rotating drive gear (52) is engaged with the internal teeth (48), and each movable locking grip (22 ) corresponds to a bevel gear (42) meshed with the internal teeth (48) of the actuator disk (46) and connected to a threaded spindle (40), which in turn is connected to a corresponding locking grip (22) and is configured to convert rotational movement of the bevel gear at least substantially into a radially directed translational movement of the locking jaw (22). 8. The emergency nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that the actuating disk (46) contains internal teeth (48) and external teeth, and the rotating drive gear (52) is engaged with the external teeth, and each movable locking grip (22 ) corresponds to a bevel gear (42) meshed with the internal teeth (48) of the actuator disk (46) and connected to a threaded spindle (40), which in turn is connected to a corresponding locking grip (22) and is configured to convert rotational movement of the bevel gear at least substantially into a radially directed translational movement of the locking jaw (22). 9. Emergency running attachment according to claim 5, characterized in that each movable locking jaw (22) contains a locking lever (36b) extending radially inward from the locking jaw and containing on one side rack-shaped teeth (84) located in meshing with a rotatable transmission gear (44b) corresponding to the locking jaw (22) and, in turn, being in mesh with the internal teeth (48) or external teeth of the actuator disk (46). 10. Emergency running attachment according to claim 3 or 9, characterized in that for the movable locking grip (22) the drive gear (52) simultaneously serves as a transmission gear (44b). 11. Emergency nozzle according to paragraphs. 4, 5 or 9, characterized in that to change the distance of at least one movable locking grip (22) from the center of the mounting part (18), the actuating disk (46c) contains at least one link (90) in the form of a spiral segment, interacting with a rocker stone located on a locking arm (36c) connected to a radially movable locking claw (22). 12. The emergency nozzle according to claim 11, characterized in that on each section of the actuating disk (46c), corresponding to the radially movable locking grip (22), several scenes (90) are provided in the form of spiral segments located next to each other. 13. The emergency move attachment according to claim 12, characterized in that the locking lever (36c) of each radially movable locking grip (22) contains several rocker stones located next to each other for interaction with several wings (90). 14. Emergency nozzle according to any one of paragraphs. 11-13, characterized in that said or each rocker stone has the shape of a finger (100). 15. Emergency nozzle according to any one of paragraphs. 11-13, characterized in that said or each rocker stone has the shape of a short rib (92) in the form of a spiral segment. 16. Emergency nozzle according to any one of paragraphs. 11-15, characterized in that said or each link (90) is a protrusion (88) in the form of a spiral segment on the actuating disk (46c) or a slot (98) in the form of a spiral segment on the actuating disk (46c). 17. Emergency nozzle according to any one of paragraphs. 11-16, characterized in that in the circumferential direction of the actuating disk (46c) several wings (90) are provided in the form of a spiral segment. 18. Emergency nozzle according to any of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that each locking grip (22) contains a contact part (116) for contact with the edge (26) of the rim and additionally at least one safety part (118) located in the circumferential direction next to the contact part (116) and in the operating state of the emergency nozzle located at a short distance from the edge (26) of the rim, the distance being preferably approximately 0.3 mm. 19. Emergency running attachment according to any of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that on the side of each locking grip (22) facing the tire (16) in the area of the end section (106) containing the free end of the fixing grip (22), one or more recesses (108) for easy installation. 20. Emergency running attachment according to any of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that each locking grip (22) is made in the form of a double grip with two locking elements (94) spaced from each other in the circumferential direction and mounted on a common locking lever (36c) . 21. The emergency nozzle according to claim 20, characterized in that at least one of the locking elements (94) is designed to be rotated by a small amount relative to the common locking lever (36c) around an axis (Y) perpendicular to the plane defined by the common locking lever lever (36c). 22. The emergency nozzle according to any of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that each locking grip (22) contains a radially oriented thrust surface (110), with which it is adjacent to the outer side of the rim (14), when the emergency nozzle is in operating condition, wherein at least one, and preferably each, locking grip (22) contains an indicator element (112), pre-elastically stressed in the direction of the rim (14) and passing through the locking grip (22) in the region of the thrust surface (110), wherein one end of the indicator element (112) facing the rim (14) is designed to contact the rim (14), and the opposite, other end of the indicator element (112) indicates the correct installation of the mounting part (18) in the operating state of the emergency nozzle. 23. Emergency nozzle according to any of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that the tread part (20) is a unit separate from the mounting part (18) and consisting of several ring segments (68, 70), designed for connection with the mounting part ( 18) and in working condition, the emergency nozzle is connected to the mounting part. 24. Emergency drive attachment according to claim 23, characterized in that the tread part (20) is connected to the mounting part (18) using installation pins (64) located on the side of the mounting part (18) opposite the vehicle wheel. 25. Emergency nozzle according to claim 24, characterized in that the installation pins (64) are threaded pins, and it is possible to secure the tread part (20) to the mounting part (18) with nuts, namely, screwing the tread part (20) with them. to the mounting part (18). 26. The emergency nozzle according to claim 25, characterized in that the nuts are cap nuts (76), and each cap nut (76) has an optical and/or acoustic indicator device built into it, indicating correct installation. 27. Emergency running nozzle according to claim 23, characterized in that to connect the tread part (20) with the mounting part (18) there are locking devices located on the side of the mounting part (18) and/or the tread part (20) opposite the wheel vehicle. 28. The emergency nozzle according to claim 27, characterized in that each locking device contains a radially movable slider (142), pre-elastically stressed radially outward, and the slider (142) contains a guide inclined plane (154) that comes into contact with the tread part ( 20) during installation of the tread part (20) in such a way that the slider (142) moves radially inward during installation, and after installing the tread part (20) is again pushed radially outward and enters the surface of the tread part (20) due to its elastic prestress. 29. Emergency nozzle according to any one of paragraphs. 23-28, characterized in that on the side of the tread part (20) facing the vehicle wheel, at least one automatically tightening safety grip (124) is provided for engaging the edge (26) of the rim (14), each safety grip (124) in the circumferential direction of the emergency nozzle is located between each two locking jaws (22). 30. Emergency running nozzle according to claim 29, characterized in that each safety grip (124) contains an executive slide (126), one end of which passes through the tread (21) of the tread part (20) and protrudes from the tread (21) radially direction, and the other end, when the actuator slide (126) is displaced radially inward, presses the safety grip (124) behind the edge (26) of the rim (14). 31. The emergency nozzle according to claim 30, characterized in that the actuating slider (126) is pre-elastically stressed radially outward and contains a locking device, which, after displacing the actuating slider (126) radially inward, prevents the actuating slider (126) from moving radially outward. 32. Emergency drive attachment according to any of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that the drive device is a drive gear (52) connected or configured to be connected to the actuator and connected to a cap nut (54) in which the torque limiting device is located . 33. Emergency nozzle according to any of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that the mounting part (18) contains an annular housing (60) in which the actuator is located, and a handle (104) is attached to the housing (60), passing above the free center of the housing (60) and preferably arched outward.