RU2816594C1 - Canal retention device, drainage system and corresponding method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: drainage devices.

SUBSTANCE: channel retaining device (200) comprises retaining seat (102), which has first interface area (102k) and retaining area (102a) for retaining drain channel extending along one direction, retaining base (104), which has second interface area (104k). First interface region (102k) and second interface region (104k) are configured to interface with each other to form hinge joint (106), which provides retaining seat (102) and retaining base (104) with one rotational degree (111) of freedom relative to each other, which extends substantially along said direction. Device also comprises locking device (108), which is configured to be transferred to a first state for locking rotational degree (111) of freedom, so that retaining socket (102) and retaining base (104) are fixed relative to each other, and with possibility of its transfer into second state for releasing rotational degree of freedom (111), so that retaining seat (102) and retaining base (104) are movable relative to each other. Retaining base (104) comprises a lever mechanism which is pivotally movable when locking device (108) is in a second state, and is fixed when locking device (108) is in first state. Drainage system (100) comprises the above described device (200) for retention of the channel, drainage channel (1704), which extends longitudinally along said direction (101) and is retained by retention socket (102) of device (200) for retention of channel. Method of mounting drain channel (1704) using above described device (200) for holding channel consists in aligning drain channel (1704), which extends longitudinally along said direction and is retained by means of retaining socket (102) of device (200) for retaining channel, wherein alignment includes movement of retaining socket (102) relative to retaining base (104) in accordance with rotational degree (111) of freedom, transfer of locking device (108) from second state to first state so that retaining socket (102) and retaining base (104) are fixed relative to each other. Channel retaining device (200) comprises retaining seat (102), which has clamping device (304a, 304b, 304) and holding area (102a) for holding drain channel passing along one direction. Clamping device has a recess to accommodate at least one support post that extends from the holding area. Clamping device is made with possibility, when installed in the first state, clamping at least one support post so that retaining seat (102) and at least one support post are fixed relative to each other, and with possibility, when installed in second state, providing at least one support post of one rotational degree of freedom (111), which passes along said direction, so that retaining seat (102) and support post are pivotally connected to each other.

EFFECT: providing an economical and less complex relief leveling mechanism, which clearly provides the most accurate height and/or position alignment with minimum efforts, and also improves the overall quality of the drainage system.

18 cl, 25 dwg

Description

Field of technology to which the invention relates

Various exemplary embodiments relate to a channel retaining device, a drainage system, and a corresponding method.

State of the art

Drainage systems are typically used for drainage purposes, such as surface drainage. Although solid drainage channels can be installed quickly and effortlessly, they are limited in the application scenarios they serve because they require particularly good terrain conditions and structurally weaken the soil. Therefore, vertical functional separation is increasingly being used, so that components located close to the surface for water absorption are separated from components for water transport, which require more installation space. On the one hand, such functional separation reduces the structural weakening of the soil, and, on the other hand, facilitates leveling of the terrain.

However, it also involves the use of more components, which makes the specific surface drainage configuration more complex. Therefore, temporary frames are usually constructed to hold the buried drainage system in place while it is being buried.

In accordance with various embodiments, it has been clearly shown that the manufacture of these temporary frames is very time consuming; in addition, they also require the involvement of special (very competent and experienced) specialists, while the frames themselves have limited accuracy and alignment ability, which can hardly be corrected later. In particular, it is difficult to achieve precise alignment of components close to the surface along the three major axes. For example, suitable specialists are not always available, so compromises have to be made regarding the accuracy and therefore the performance of the drainage system.

Disclosure of the invention

According to various embodiments, a channel retaining device, a drainage system, and a corresponding method are provided that eliminate the need for temporary frames or at least require fewer temporary frames. In accordance with various embodiments, the channel retention device provides a cost-effective and less complex terrain leveling mechanism that clearly provides the most accurate leveling (height and/or position leveling) with minimal effort, and also improves the overall quality of the drainage system. For example, a channel retaining device facilitates compensating for uneven ground, draining water against the slope of the terrain, forming an inclined channel, and/or burying the collection pipe so deeply that it experiences as little load carrying capacity as possible. Close-to-surface components can be visually aligned to the desired direction of the drainage surface, while drainage components are aligned to the optimal slope, which does not necessarily have to be parallel to the drainage surface.

Brief description of drawings

Figure 1 shows a drainage system in accordance with various embodiments in a schematic side view or cross-sectional view;

FIGS. 2 to 5, FIG. 8 and FIG. 10 each show a channel holding device in accordance with various embodiments in various schematic views;

FIG. 6 shows a clamping device in accordance with various embodiments in a schematic side view or cross-sectional view;

Figure 7 shows a clamp in accordance with various embodiments in a schematic perspective view;

Each of FIG. 9, FIG. 14, and FIG. 15 shows a drainage system in accordance with various embodiments in various schematic views;

FIG. 11 shows a hook bolt according to various embodiments in a schematic perspective view; FIG.

FIG. 12 shows a clamping plate according to various embodiments in a schematic perspective view; FIG.

FIG. 13 shows a holding socket according to various embodiments in a schematic perspective view; FIG.

16 and 17 each show a channel holding device in accordance with various embodiments in a schematic side view or cross-sectional view;

FIGS. 18-20 and 25 each show a drainage system in accordance with various embodiments in a schematic perspective view;

FIG. 21 shows a spacer plate in accordance with various embodiments in a schematic perspective view; FIG. And

Each of FIGS. 22-24 shows a drainage system assembly in accordance with various embodiments in various schematic views.

Carrying out the invention

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof, and in which, by way of illustration, specific embodiments are shown in which the invention may be practiced. In this regard, directional terminology, such as "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "front", "rear", etc., is used in relation to the orientation of the figures described. Because components of the embodiments may be positioned in several different orientations, directional terminology is used for illustrative purposes and is in no way limiting.It is understood that other embodiments may be used and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is understood that features of the various embodiments disclosed herein may be combined with each other unless specifically stated otherwise.Therefore, the following detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the appended claims. .

As used herein, the terms "connected", "attached", "mounted", and "coupled" (or "linked") are used to describe both direct and indirect connection, direct or indirect attachment, and direct or indirect coupling (direct or indirect connection). In the figures, identical or similar elements are provided with identical reference numerals, to the extent appropriate. In accordance with various embodiments, the term "conjugate" or "coupling" can be understood in the sense of (eg, mechanical and/or hydrostatic), eg direct or indirect, connection and/or interaction. For example, several elements can be connected to each other along an interaction chain along which, for example, mechanical and/or hydrostatic interaction can occur, for example, a fluid can be transmitted (then such interaction is also called fluid coupling in a conductive manner) or strength. In accordance with various embodiments, "coupled" can be understood in the sense of a mechanical (eg, physical) connection, for example, through direct physical contact. The interface may be configured to transmit mechanical interaction (eg, force, torque, etc.).

As used herein, the expression "at least one" is used in connection with an element (eg, object, process, body) to describe a number of elements, which may be exactly one or more than one. Accordingly, at least one element can be understood as containing one or more than one element, for example, containing multiple (eg, two or more, three or more, etc.) elements.

As used herein, the term "degree of freedom" is used in connection with a body or system to describe the ability of the body or system to move. Several degrees of freedom can indicate movement possibilities that are independent of each other, i.e. they correspond to axes perpendicular to each other. Essentially, the degree of freedom can be either a translational degree of freedom or a rotational degree of freedom. Each degree of freedom can correspond to an axis to which the possibility of movement is associated. For example, a translational degree of freedom may allow linear movement (ie translational movement) along an axis. For example, a rotational degree of freedom may allow rotational movement (i.e., rotation) about an axis. A completely free body has six degrees of freedom, namely three translational degrees of freedom and three rotational degrees of freedom. If any degree of freedom is blocked, then there is no possibility of movement along the corresponding axis. At least one degree of freedom can be blocked, for example, by creating a force closure, a geometric closure or a material closure.

According to various embodiments, the hinge joint provides a flexible interface between two rigid bodies, i.e. a coupling that leaves at least one degree of freedom open. The corresponding mobility of the hinge joint can be ensured by at least one degree of freedom of the form of movement occurring in it, for example, rotation in the case of a rotary hinge joint and/or translational movement in the case of a sliding hinge joint. The hinge connection ensures that the two housings remain connected to each other when moving relative to each other, i.e. they are not disconnected from each other. The regions of two bodies forming a hinge joint (such as a hole and a bolt) that are geometrically designed to fit together are called mating regions. The areas forming the hinge connection can be coupled to each other, for example, to form a geometric closure. Relative movement between two bodies can, for example, occur through sliding and/or rolling. The hinge connection may be configured to transmit forces and/or torques acting along at least one axis between two connected bodies.

As used herein, the term "drainage" is used in connection with "water" or "sewage". It should be understood that the present description can be applied by analogy to other liquids that are not necessarily water or intended to include water. For example, the drainage system disclosed herein may be generally suitable for discharging fluids of various types and compositions, such as liquids, fluid mixtures, or the like.

The channel holding device disclosed herein can obviously be used as a support for a drainage channel. Various embodiments of a channel retaining device are discussed herein, one of which has a simplified implementation in that the channel retaining device has support posts supported on the ground or formwork, and one of which has a more complex implementation in that that the channel holding device has at least one pipe placement device supporting the lower manifold pipe and support posts. The simplified implementation can be implemented particularly economically. On the other hand, a more complex implementation provides greater accuracy.

According to various embodiments, the channel holding device has a holding plinth that is capable of being inserted into the ground, mounted vertically on the ground, or attached to the formwork. Exemplary components of a retaining plinth include: one or more spacers, such as one or more reinforcing bars (also called reinforcing bars), one or more profiles, one or more tensile and/or compressive force-bearing bars, one or more plates , such as one or more spacer plates, one or more channel retaining plates. For example, the drainage system can be placed and installed in a pit that is already formworked (lined with boards). In this case, the holding plinth (eg its spacers) can be attached directly to the formwork, making installation easier. If necessary, the spacers can be bent and/or shortened to the desired position.

According to various embodiments, the channel holding device has at least one holding socket that has at least one mating area (also called a first mating area) for mating with the holding base. Exemplary components of a retaining socket include: at least one recess, at least one sheet, at least one rail, at least one socket, and at least one drainage channel connector.

According to various embodiments, the channel holding device provides at least one of the following: smooth leveling and/or height adjustment of the inlet molding device, which is supported, for example, by reinforcing bars; the channel holding device provides an articulation for laterally tilting the inlet molding device; the channel holding device can be subsequently installed on the inlet molding device; a truss is provided by means of supporting struts; and as an alternative to spacers (such as reinforcing bars), spacer plates can be used.

FIG. 1 shows a drainage system 100 in accordance with various embodiments in a schematic side view or cross-sectional view. According to various embodiments, the drainage system 100 may have a drain inlet 152 (also referred to simply as an inlet or an inlet molder), optionally a collection line 154 (also referred to as a drain line or a fluid collection line), and optionally at least one drain line 156. One or each collection line 154 may be provided, for example, by at least one collection pipe 154 (also called a drain pipe). One or each drain line 156 may be provided, for example, by at least one drain pipe 156.

In principle, however, the drainage system 100 need not have at least one collection pipe 154 or waste pipe 156 as a separate component (eg, plastic pipe, concrete pipe, wood pipe, metal pipe) to provide associated piping. For example, the caulking material may have cavities formed in some other manner (e.g., natural or artificial) that provide at least one manifold line 154 and/or at least one drain line 156, or into which liquid collected by the drain inlet 152 may be supplied. More clearly, a manifold line 154 or a drain line 156 may also be provided as a monolithic component of the sealing material. In order to form such fluid-conducting cavities in the sealing material, a displacing substance (for example, expanded polystyrene) can be introduced into the sealing material, for example, which is removed (for example, thermally decomposed) when the sealing material hardens. Instead of a displacing agent, a cavity is then left in the drain line 156 or the collector line 154.

Next, for ease of understanding, header pipe 154 and waste pipe 156 are given as examples of lines. What has been described for header pipe 154 can also be applied similarly to any otherwise provided header line 154, or what has been described for drain pipe 156 may also be applied similarly to any drain line 156 otherwise provided.

The drainage system 100, such as its drainage inlet 152 and/or its header pipe 154, may extend longitudinally along a direction 101 (eg, the flow direction of the drainage channel or header pipe). In the installed state of the drainage system 100, the drainage system 100 may be subject to gravity from direction 105. For example, direction 105 may then be substantially parallel to the vertical (ie, with a maximum deviation of 10°). In the installed state of the drainage system 100, each drain pipe 156 may extend longitudinally along the direction 105.

The collector pipe 154 may have one or more pipe sections. For example, the header pipe 154 may be composed of multiple parts. The composite manifold pipe 154 may have multiple pipe segments that are positioned one behind the other along direction 101 and connected together so that they form a common cavity.

The drain inlet 152 may have or be defined by at least one drainage channel. Optionally, the drain inlet 152 may be composed of multiple parts. The composite drain inlet 152 may have, for example, a composite drain and/or a female device (also called a frame). The drainage channel may, for example, contain or be formed from plastic, which reduces the cost of its manufacture.

The frame may, for example, laterally enclose a drainage channel (for example, consisting of several parts). The frame may, for example, have a groove in which a drainage channel is located. The frame may, for example, contain or be made of metal (eg steel), which increases strength. For example, the frame may be a cast product (then also called a cast frame).

In addition, the drain inlet device 152 (e.g., its frame) may have multiple openings 2302 (also called inlets) located one behind the other along direction 101, of which each opening optionally extends longitudinally along direction 101 (then also called a longitudinal slot). . This improves the rate of water absorption.

The composite drainage channel may have several channel segments, which are located one after the other along the direction 101 and are connected to each other, for example, by means of a frame. Optionally, each section of the channel can be shaped like a funnel.

Each downpipe 156 may be located between the drain inlet 152 and the header pipe 154. Each downpipe 156 can fluidly couple the drain inlet 152 (e.g., its drain channel) to the header pipe 154. To do this, the drain inlet 152, for example , its drainage channel (e.g., each channel section) may have an opening 2304 (also referred to as a top drain 2304) that is connected to a drain pipe 156. Similarly, a header pipe (eg, each pipe section) may have an opening 2314 (also referred to as the bottom drain 2314), which is connected to the drain pipe 156 or through which the drain pipe 156 projects into the header pipe 154.

Optionally, the header pipe 154 may include a seal (eg, an O-ring) surrounding the outlet of the header pipe 154. Thus, it is achieved that the outlet pipe 156 can be inserted into the outlet of the header pipe 154 so that it can be adjusted in height. Optionally, the manifold pipe 154 may have one pressure device (eg, a sealing pressure plate) that surrounds the downcomer 156, per outlet. By means of the pressing device, the bleed hole can be closed in direction 105 and/or the seal can be held in its position. The connection between the clamping device and the header pipe 154 can be made, for example, using screws.

In the installed state of the drainage system 100, the drainage inlet 152 may be open on the drainage surface 151. Thus, it is achieved that the liquid on the surface 151 is sucked by the drain inlet device 152. The received liquid is directed by the drain inlet device 152 into down pipes, which direct the liquid into the collection pipe 154.

In the installed state of the drainage system 100, a collection pipe 154 and at least one drain pipe 156 (if any) may be located below a drainage surface 151 (also referred to as a drainage surface 151). The drainage surface 151 may, for example, be the surface of a structurally sealed surface, such as a layer of asphalt or a layer of concrete. For example, a header pipe 154 and at least one waste pipe 156 may be located beneath the drainage surface 151, such as embedded in a material (also called a sealing material). Examples of sealing materials include: soil, gravel, sand, concrete or asphalt.

To facilitate installation of the drainage system 100, the drainage channel may be supported, for example, supported from below, by a channel holding device 200 in accordance with various embodiments. The inlets 2302 may be located, for example, on the side of the drain inlet 152 facing away from the channel retaining device 200.

The method of installing the drainage system 100 may include aligning the drainage inlet 152 (eg, its drainage channel) held by the channel holding device 200. During alignment, the channel holding device 200 may be in an unlocked state. In an unblocked state, the channel retaining device 200 may provide the drain inlet 152 with one or more degrees of freedom (eg, rotational degrees of freedom and/or translational degrees of freedom).

Once the alignment is complete, the channel holding device 200 may be placed in a locked state (also referred to as blocking). For example, blocking may include reducing, for example to zero, the number of degrees of freedom provided to the drain inlet 152 by the channel retaining device 200. In the locked state, at least one degree of freedom can be locked.

The channel holding device 200 may be placed in a locked state or in an unlocked state by a blocking device, as will be discussed in more detail later.

FIG. 2 shows a duct holding device 200 in accordance with various embodiments in a schematic side view or cross-sectional view. The channel holding device 200 may have a holding socket 102 and a holding socket 104. The holding socket 102 may have a first mating area 102k. The holding base 104 may have a second mating area 104k.

The retaining socket 102 and/or the retaining plinth 104 may, for example, contain metal (eg, steel) or be made of metal, which increases strength.

The first interface area 102k and the second interface area 104k may be configured relative to each other such that they are connected together or can be connected together. The connection between the first mating region 102k and the second mating region 104k may be made, for example, by insertion into each other, screwing or clamping. However, the first interface area 102k and the second interface area 104k need not be pre-connected. For example, they can also be joined together when installing a drainage system, for example shortly before leveling a drainage channel.

Connecting together may include mating (or connecting) the first mating region 102k and the second mating region 104k to each other, for example, through a form fit and/or through a connecting element. By means of said connection, adhesion between the first mating region and the second mating region is created or increased. In this case, the interface may be movable such that the first interface area 102k and the second interface area 104k form a hinge joint 106 when connected together. The active joint surfaces transmit the resulting operating forces and provide at least one degree of freedom.

The interface between the first interface area 102k and the second interface area 104k may be removable, permanent, or semi-removable. The permanent connection may, for example, include a material connection, such as a welded connection. A permanent mating is, for example, irreversible such that it can only be released by destroying the first mating region 102k and/or the second mating region 104k. The removable interface may, for example, include a screw connection. The detachable interface can, for example, be reversibly detached and reinstalled, for example, without any significant damage to the components involved in the interface. A conventionally removable interface may, for example, include a rivet connection or a solder connection. A conventionally removable mate is, for example, irreversible in the sense that it can be released by breaking the connecting element (eg, rivets) but without destroying the first mate area 102k and/or the second mate area 104k.

The hinge joint 106 may provide the retaining socket 102 and the retaining plinth 104 with at least one (ie, one or more than one) degrees of freedom 111, 115 relative to each other. The at least one degree of freedom 111, 115 may include one or more rotational degrees of freedom (also called rotational degrees of freedom) and/or one or more translational degrees of freedom (also called translational degrees of freedom).

The at least one degree of freedom may include at least one rotational degree of freedom 111, for example, which extends along direction 101. The rotational degree of freedom 111 ensures that the holding socket 102 and the holding base 104 can rotate relative to each other about an axis rotation, which runs along the rotational degree of freedom 111. In this way, it is achieved that the drainage channel held by the channel holding device 200 can be inclined laterally so that its spatial position can be adjusted (also called alignment).

The at least one degree of freedom may include at least one translational degree of freedom 115, for example, which extends along direction 105. The translational degree of freedom 115 ensures that the retaining seat 102 and the retaining plinth 104 can move towards each other or towards different sides of each other along the translational axis, which runs along the translational degree of freedom 115. In this way, it is achieved that the drainage channel held by the channel holding device 200 can be displaced vertically so that its spatial position can be adjusted (also called alignment).

The holding receptacle 102 may also have a holding region 102a for supporting a drainage channel extending along the direction 101. The holding region 102a may, for example, be opposite the first mating region 102k.

In principle, the holding region 102a can be adapted to the shape of the drainage channel. For example, the holding region 102a may have a support surface that is directed away from the first mating region 102k. The supporting surface can be, for example, curved, angular or flat, or have mixed shapes.

For example, the holding socket (and its holding area 102a) may be a separate component from the drainage channel, which may optionally be connected to the drainage channel. Alternatively or in addition, the retaining socket (and its retaining area 102a) may be connected to the drainage channel or a component (eg, frame) of the drainage passage through a material closure.

The channel holding device 200 may also have a blocking device 108 that is configured to be set to a first state or a second state. When set to the first state, the locking device 108 may lock at least one degree of freedom 111, 115 so that the holding socket 102 and the holding plinth 104 are locked relative to each other. The channel holding device 200 is then in a locked state.

When set to the second state, the locking device 108 can release at least one degree of freedom so that the holding socket 102 and the holding base 104 can move relative to each other. The channel holding device 200 is then in an unlocked state.

For example, the locking device 108 may be configured to lock the retaining socket 102 and the retaining plinth 104 relative to each other through form locking, force locking, and/or material locking. A force connection may be formed, for example, by a thread on the locking device 108. A geometric connection may be formed, for example, by a bolt on the locking device 108. A material connection may be formed, for example, by welding the locking device 108.

Exemplary components of the locking device 108 include: at least one rivet, at least one bolt, at least one screw, at least one nut, at least one lever, at least one thread, at least one locking protrusion

Optionally, the holding socket 102 and/or holding plinth 104 may be composed of multiple parts, as will be discussed in more detail later.

Aligning the drain inlet 152 (e.g., its drainage channel) that is held by the holding socket 102 of the duct holding device 200 may include moving the holding socket 102 and the holding plinth 104 relative to each other in accordance with at least one degree of freedom 111, 115 (e.g. rotational degree of freedom). In this case, their relative position (position and/or orientation) can be changed relative to each other. Once alignment of the drain inlet 152 is completed, the channel holding device 200 can be locked. Locking may include placing the locking device 108 into a first state such that the retaining socket 102 and the retaining plinth 104 are locked relative to each other. In the first state, the locking device 108 can be configured as removable, non-removable, or conditionally removable.

FIG. 3 shows a conduit holding device 200 in accordance with various embodiments 300 in a schematic side view or cross-sectional view, in which the holding socket 102 is shaped like a fork (then also referred to as a holding fork).

The retaining fork 102, such as its retaining region 102a, may have two spatially separated portions 202 (also referred to as retaining portions 202), of which each retaining portion 202 extends from the first mating region 102k. The holding fork 102 may also have a recess 102v, for example, in the holding area 102a, which is located between two holding portions 202. The holding fork 102, for example, its holding area 102a, can be penetrated along the direction 101 from the recess 102v.

The retaining fork 102 facilitates the retrofitting of an existing drainage system with a channel retaining device 200. Obviously, the drainage channel held by the channel holding device 200 may extend into the recess 102v.

FIG. 4 shows a channel holding device 200 in accordance with various embodiments 400 in a schematic side view or a cross-sectional view in which the hinge joint 106 is positively connected by a connecting member 106f. This makes installation easier.

The connecting element 106f may, for example, be a material-locking component of one of the two mating regions, but this is not required. The connecting element 106f may, for example, also be formed as a separate component, for example by means of a screw, a spindle or a rivet.

Optionally, the connecting member 106f may be threaded. The connecting element 106f may be inserted, for example, through the first mating area 102k and/or through the second mating area 104k.

To bring the locking device 108 into the first state, a force may be generated by the locking device 108 that presses the two mating areas 102k, 104k against each other. In this way, a force connection is achieved between the two interface areas 102k, 104k, which fixes them relative to each other.

Optionally, the locking device 108 can be connected to the connecting element 106f. This simplifies design and installation. For example, locking device 108 may have threads that engage threads of connector 106f. For example, locking device 108 may have a nut (eg, a wing nut) that can be screwed onto connector 106f. To put the locking device 108 into the second state, the nut can be loosened.

In principle, the locking device 108 can also be configured separately from the hinge connection 106. For example, the locking device 108 can have a screw connection along with the hinge connection 106, or can be formed by it.

FIG. 5 shows a duct holding device 200 in accordance with various embodiments 500 in a schematic perspective view, in which the holding socket 102 has a plurality of profiled slats 302 (also called profiled slats). For example, each holding portion 202 may have a profiled rail 302. It should be understood that the rails 302 do not necessarily have to be profiled.

The profile rail 302 may typically have a profiled surface. The profile rail 302 allows for a form-fitting connection between the channel holding device 200 and the drain channel or frame and thus facilitates installation. For example, the profile rail may have a groove 302v (also called a receptacle) that is defined by a support surface 102f.

The profile rail 302 may, for example, have multiple walls that are angled to each other and define the groove 302v. For example, the first wall 302a of the profile rail 302 may extend in the plane 101, 103 and have a support surface 102f. For example, at least one second wall 302b of the profiled rail 302 may extend in the plane 105, 103. In the case of a non-profiled rail 302, at least one second wall 302b may be eliminated.

The first mating area 102k may optionally include a plate portion and a clip 304 that surrounds the second mating area 104k to form a mating between the first mating region 102k and the second mating region 104k. However, clip 304 may also be part of the second interface area 104k and span the first interface area 102k. The clamp 304 can fit into the holes of the plate portion, which makes installation easier.

The locking device 108 (hidden in the drawing) may optionally be configured as a clamping device with which the mating area covered by the clamp 304 can be clamped to lock the first mating area 102k and the second mating area 104k relative to each other. For example, the locking device 108 may be configured to transmit force to a clamp 304 that presses the first mating region 102k and the second mating region 104k together to form a force closure. The clamping device may be, for example, part of the first mating area 102k or the second mating area 104k.

Optionally, the holding area 102a (eg, each of the holding portions) may have at least one fastening structure.

As a fastening structure, the holding region 102a may have, for example, a second wall 302b that tapers towards the support surface 102f (also more generally referred to as a connecting device 302b). Thus, it is achieved that the second wall 302b has at least one free-standing section 312 (also called tongue 312). By using one or each tab 312, for example, the frame can be better secured, as will be discussed in more detail later.

As a fastening structure, the holding area 102a may have, for example, at least one through hole 442 so that the frame can be screwed or riveted to the holding area 102a. As a fastening structure, the holding area 102a may have, for example, at least one thread (not shown) into which a screw (not shown) can be screwed to secure the frame.

As shown, the retaining plinth 104 may include at least one spacer 1502, such as multiple spacers. The spacer 1502 may optionally (at least in the second mating region 104k) be ribbed (ie, may have ribs). This improves the interface with the first interface region 102k, since the forceful closure simultaneously causes a geometric closure that locks the degree of freedom in the direction 105. The spacer 1502 can be, for example, a rolled steel product. For example, reinforcing steel (also called rebar) can be used as a spacer, which is particularly inexpensive.

A plurality of spacers 1502 may be hinged to each other via the retaining seat 102 (eg, its mating area 102k) so that they form a linkage mechanism. The articulation may be eliminated by locking such that the plurality of spacers 1502 are also locked relative to each other. It is obvious that the linkage can be prepared easily and with minimal resource expenditure, and then, once the desired alignment is established, easily locked.

If the linkage is formed using reinforcing bars, they do not need to be specially supplied as they are available on most construction sites. This reduces storage costs.

In one example, the retaining plinth 104 may include at least one spacer 1502 that is inserted into the clamp 304 from below, as shown. The spacer 1502 thus inserted extends more in direction 105 than, for example, in direction 103. Alternatively or in addition, the retaining plinth 104 may include at least one spacer 1502 (not shown) that is laterally inserted into the clamp 304. The spacer 1502 thus inserted extends more in the direction 103 than, for example, in the direction 105. In principle, however, the entire spacer 1502 need not be straight (but it may be, which increases its strength). For example, spacer 1502 (eg, reinforcing bar 1502) may be curved and/or angled. At least an end portion (also called an end surface portion) of the spacer 1502 that is inserted into the clamp 304 as a second mating area 104k can then be inserted into the clamp 304 from the bottom or the side. In other words, spacer 1502 may extend substantially transverse to direction 101 at least on the end surface or completely.

FIG. 6 shows a clamping device 600 in accordance with various embodiments in a schematic side view or cross-sectional view, in which the clamping device 600 has two clamping components 304a, 304b. The two clamping components 304a, 304b, when connected together, may define an opening 304o (also referred to as a clamping hole 304o) for receiving a mating area (eg, a first mating area 102k or a second mating area 104k). The clamp hole 304o may be configured, for example, to receive at least one spacer of the holding plinth 104 in a mounted state, as will be discussed in more detail later.

The accommodated mating area may, for example, be configured according to the shape and/or size of the clamp hole 304o such that two clamping components 304a, 304b (also referred to as clamps) are pressed against the mating region located in the clamp hole 304o when they are moved towards each other.

The locking device 108 may be configured, when set to the first state, to apply a force to the two clamping components 304a, 304b that moves them toward each other. In this way, it is achieved that the holding socket 102 and the holding base 104 can be fixed relative to each other by force.

For example, the first clamping component 304a may be plate-shaped (eg, may have a plate-like portion). For example, the second clamp component 304b may be in the form of a clamp (eg, provided by clamp 304). Clamp 304 is a particularly inexpensive clamping component. Other examples of clamp components 304a, 304b include: U-bolt, hook-bolt, clamp plate, crimp connector, quick connector.

FIG. 7 shows a clamp plate 304b in the form of a clamp (eg, provided by a clamp 304) in accordance with various embodiments 700 in a schematic perspective view. The clamping plate 304b may, for example, include or be formed from a folded plate. The clamp plate 304b may have at least one through hole 502 for receiving the connecting element 106f. The clamping plate 304b may have a recess 602v to form a clamping hole 304o.

Optionally, the clamping plate 304b may have a plurality of projections 504 that engage another clamping component 304a. This makes installation easier because the components that engage with each other are protected from twisting.

The recess 602v may optionally have two pockets 612, between which a through hole 502 is located. This facilitates installation, since spacers can be inserted into the pockets 612 before fixing.

Optionally, the through hole 502 may be threaded so that a screw can be directly screwed into it. This simplifies installation.

Additional examples of implementation of the channel retention device 200, among other things, in connection with the drainage system 100, are explained below.

FIG. 8 shows a duct holding device 200 in accordance with various embodiments 800 in a schematic perspective view, in which the holding socket has an additional articulation joint 116 (also referred to as a second articulation joint 116). The second hinge joint 116 may be separate from the hinge joint 106 (also referred to as the first hinge joint 106). Alternatively, the functions of the second hinge joint 116 may be integrated into the first hinge joint 106.

The first articulation 106 (e.g., a rotary articulation) may provide the holding region 102a and the retaining plinth 104 with more rotational degrees of freedom relative to each other than the second articulation 116. The second articulation 116 (e.g., a sliding articulation) may provide the retaining region 102a and holding the plinth 104 with a greater number of translational degrees of freedom relative to each other than the first hinge joint 106.

The second hinge 116 may have, for example, a parallel guide that is provided by two slot-shaped through holes. This prevents the articulation joint 116 from becoming distorted.

Optionally, the channel holding device 200 may have an additional locking device (not shown) that is configured, when set to a first state, to lock at least one translational degree of freedom so that the holding region 102a and the holding base 104 are locked relative to each other. and, when set to the second state, releasing at least one translational degree of freedom so that the holding region 102a and the holding base 104 become movable relative to each other.

These individual hinge joints 106, 116 allow the orientation and position of the holding area 102a to be consistently adapted to facilitate installation. The two hinge joints 106, 116 may be connected to each other, for example, using a leveling plate 802.

As shown, the first mating region 102k may have an elongate opening 804 into which a clamping component 304a (eg, clamp 304) is inserted, as will be discussed later in more detail.

The holding area 102a (also called the attachment point) can optionally be integral with the input molding device 154 or can also be mounted thereon subsequently.

If the holding region 102a is configured to be subsequently mounted on the inlet molding device 154, the holding region 102a may have a fastening structure by which the inlet molding device 154 can be attached, for example, by form-fitting, force-locking, or material locking.

The retaining socket 102, eg, its leveling plate 802, has at least one recess, socket, and/or connecting device 302b with which the retaining pedestal 104 (eg, its leveling means) can be attached. The position of the retaining plinth 104 on the leveling plate 802 may preferably be locked in an adjustable manner, such as steplessly.

The connection of the holding plinth 104 to the holding socket 102 may, for example, have at least one screw connection (for example, using a U-bolt), at least one clamping plate, at least one crimp connection sleeve, at least one cable tie, at least one tie wire, etc.

FIG. 9 shows a drainage system 100 in accordance with various embodiments 900 in a schematic perspective view, in which the first interface region 102k has multiple through holes, for example, a curved elongated hole 804 as a first through hole and a circular hole as a second through hole. holes 814. Then, a U-bolt 304a can be inserted into the multiple through holes 804, 814. The U-bolt can then be rotated in a specific manner around the circular hole, thus ensuring particularly precise alignment of the inlet molding device 152.

As an alternative or in addition to the U-bolt 304a, components for connecting and/or securing the retaining socket 102 to the retaining plinth 104 may include: at least one hook bolt, at least one clamp plate, at least one bolt a stud, at least one rivet/weld nut, at least one rivet, at least one clinching connection (also known as a clinch connection), adhesive material, a combination of guide pins/tabs and threaded connections.

10 shows a duct holding device 200 in accordance with various embodiments 1000 in a schematic side view or cross-sectional view, in which the duct holding device 200 has multiple first interface regions 102k, such as at least one additional first 112k interface area. Each first mating area 102k, 112k may be configured to be attached to the holding base 104 (its second mating area 104k).

If the first mating region 102k is attached to the holding plinth 104, a first hinge joint 106 may be formed that provides the holding socket 102 and the holding plinth 104 with at least one rotational degree of freedom relative to each other. If the additional first mating region 112k is attached to the retaining plinth 104, at least one rotational degree of freedom of the hinge joint 106 can be locked. The locking device 108 clearly implements this through an additional first interface area 112k.

In other words, the locking device 108 may have an additional first interface area 112k. Optionally, the locking device 108 may have an additional first hinge joint that is configured similar to the first hinge joint 106. For example, the additional first mating area 112k may be symmetrical to the first mating area 102k. Thus, it is achieved that, to form the first hinge joint, first a first mating area 102k or first an additional first mating area 112k can optionally be attached to the holding plinth 104. This makes installation easier.

Here, inter alia, reference is made to a channel holding device 200 with only one first articulation joint 106, and the description for this can be applied similarly to a channel retaining device 200 with several first articulation joints 106, which, for example, mutually lock their degrees of freedom to lock the device 200 to hold the channel.

Optionally, the second hinge joint 116 may be located between the first plurality of interface areas 102k. This increases strength.

11 shows a hook bolt 304a in accordance with various embodiments 1100 in a schematic perspective view, which, for example, as an alternative or addition to the clamp 304, provides a particularly cost-effective design. The hook bolt 304a may serve, for example, as a connecting member 106f for connecting the first mating area 102k to the second mating area 104k. The hook bolt 304a may serve as a clamping component, for example, to lock the channel holding device 200.

12 shows an L-shaped clamp plate 304b in accordance with various embodiments 1200 in a schematic perspective view, which, for example, as an alternative or addition to the clamp 304, provides a particularly cost-effective design of the clamp device 600. The clamp plate 304b can serve , for example, as a clamping component for locking the channel holding device 200 and having a plurality of through holes 502.

13 shows a holding socket 102 in accordance with various embodiments 1300 in a schematic perspective view, in which each coupling device 302b has a plurality of tabs 312. The coupling device 302b may be configured to couple the input molding device 152 to the holding socket. 102 by deforming the connecting device 302b.

The connection device 302b may be configured as a separate component or be a monolithic component of the holding socket 102. The connecting device 302b facilitates the attachment of the holding socket 102 to the input molding device 152, for example, to its frame. For attachment to the input forming device 152, such as its frame, each coupling device 302b may have two sheet metal tabs 312 that can be folded over the frame leg, as shown below.

The tabs 312 provide precise adjustment of the inlet molding device 152 depending on the topography, so that the surface of the inlet molding device 152 can be more easily oriented plane-parallel to the drainage surface 151. It can be seen that, due to the geometric closure that is achieved by the tongues 312, a translational degree of freedom remains open, according to which the holding seat 102 can be displaced in the direction 101 relative to the input molding device 152.

The first interface region 102k may have at least one slot-shaped through hole (eg, an elongated hole). This hole may accommodate, for example, a clamp 304 to provide a clamping device 600 and/or an anti-rotation device.

14 shows a drainage system 100 in accordance with various embodiments 1400 in a schematic perspective view, the tabs 312 of which are folded over the leg 1302 (laterally projecting portion) of the frame 1702. The retaining seat 102 can be attached/clamped to the frame by bending tabs 312 at the ends of the retaining socket 102. To improve clamping, the tabs may be beveled or at least tapered.

Additional examples of components of the connecting device 302b that are an alternative to or in addition to the tabs 312 may include: screws, nuts, rivets (eg, self-punching rivets). This connection of the holding socket 102 to the inlet molding device 152 need not be removable.

Optionally, the frame of the input molding device 152 (cast frame) and the first mating region 102k may be integral (from a single casting), for example, provided together as a cast product. Thus, for example, no connecting device 302b is required.

15 shows a drainage system 100 in accordance with various embodiments 1500 in a schematic perspective view, the mounting structure of which has at least one through hole 442 that provides form-locking attachment of the input molding device 152, such as its frame, to separate holding area 102a. Optionally, the holding socket 102 can be connected to two frames.

16 shows a duct holding device 200 in accordance with various embodiments 1600 in a schematic side or cross-sectional view, the holding base 104 of which has a plurality of intersecting struts 1502. The crossed struts 1502 may form a so-called truss (also called a rod frame or spacer truss). The truss, for example its struts, can be connected at so-called node points 1502k. The nodal point 1502k may include, for example, the end surface of the spacer 1502 or be located between the end surfaces of the spacer 1502. The truss may have multiple spacers 1502 angled to each other, which form, for example, a triangular truss.

In a particularly simple design of the channel holding device 200, the holding plinth 104, for example its spacers 1502, is inserted into the soft concrete 1500u of the foundation and/or secured to the formwork. Optionally, for example, after the foundation concrete 1500u has hardened, the spacers 1502 can be bent into position and/or shortened (for example, adjusted in length). An even simpler implementation of the channel retaining device 200 may include spacers 1502 of appropriate length that are driven directly into the subgrade 1500u.

In the case of a particularly large distance between the inlet molding device 152 and the header pipe 154 (also called a drain pipe), spacers 1502 can be located on both sides of the header pipe 154.

For example, the truss may be oriented along direction 101 (to stiffen the structure along its longitudinal extent) or transverse to direction 101 (to stiffen the structure across its longitudinal extent). For example, the truss may have at least one strut 1502 that extends substantially in the plane 101, 105. Alternatively or in addition, the truss may have at least one strut 1502 that extends substantially in the plane 103. 105. Likewise, at least one strut of the truss may extend at an angle to direction 105. Optionally, the truss may be supported transverse to its direction of extension by so-called auxiliary struts.

FIG. 17 shows a duct holding device 200 according to various embodiments 1700 in a schematic side view or a cross-sectional view, in which the truss has a plurality of struts 1502 intersecting each other. In this way, a particularly robust structure is achieved. At locations where the struts 1502 intersect each other, node points 1502k can optionally be formed. Thus, the truss may have multiple struts 1502 that are angled to each other and which, for example, form a diamond truss. What has been described for embodiments 1600 may similarly apply to embodiments 1700. Of course, the truss may also include a combination of a diamond truss and a triangular truss.

18 shows a drainage system 100 in accordance with various embodiments 1800 in a schematic perspective view, in which the first interface region 102k has exactly one first clamp-shaped clamp component 304a and one second plate-shaped clamp component 304b that may cover several spacers 1502 as support posts. Multiple spacers 1502 may, for example, be clamped and/or connected to each other using a clamping component 304b. Frame 1702 and drainage channel 1704 are also shown.

More generally, the clamping device 600 may have multiple components 304a, 304b that define a recess. The clamping device 600 or its recess may be configured such that at least one support post (eg, including one or more reinforcing bars 1502 and/or one or more than one plate) can be inserted into the recess. For example, a support post may extend substantially transversely to direction 101. For example, a support post may extend substantially along plane 103, 105. For example, a recess may extend through clamping device 600 along a direction that lies substantially in plane 103, 105, for example, along direction 105 and/or along direction 103. As such, in combination with the direction indication, this can be understood as having an angular deviation from the indicated direction by less than about 20°, for example, less than about 10°, for example, less than about 5°.

In principle, however, the entire support strut does not have to run along only one direction (but it can, which increases its strength). For example, the support post (eg, its reinforcing bar 1502 and/or plate) may be curved and/or angled. Then, at least an end portion (also called an end surface portion) of the support post that is inserted into the recess of the clamping device 600 as the second mating region 104k may extend substantially transversely to the direction 101. In other words, the support post may extend at least its end surface or completely, substantially transverse to the direction 1001.

In an even more robust example, the support post has an additional spacer (also called an auxiliary spacer, not shown) that is connected (e.g., welded, screwed, and/or tied together with a tie wire) to the spacer 1502 at a node point 1502k of the spacer 1502, which is located on distance from the first interface area 102k or the second interface area 104k. For example, the auxiliary strut may be supported at a different location relative to the strut 1502 so that a truss is provided. The auxiliary spacer may be supported, for example, in the ground, in the pipe support device and/or on the formwork.

As can be seen (in the rear image), the drainage channel does not have to be linear (i.e. straight), but can be supported by one or more than one channel holding devices 200 such that it has one or more than one bend .

As can be seen (in the middle image), the inlet molding device 152 (e.g., its frame) does not necessarily have all of the inlets 2302 open, but at least one inlet 2302 may be closed (in this case, a cover is shown, which closes the inlet).

FIG. 19 shows a drainage system 100 in accordance with various embodiments 1900 in a schematic perspective view, in which the retaining plinth 104 has a pipe receiving device 1802. The pipe placement device 1802 allows for the possibility that, as an alternative or in addition to attaching/inserting spacers 1502 into the ground or concrete, they can be secured to the pipe placement device 1802.

The pipe receiving device 1802 may have a through hole 1802o (also referred to as a pipe receiving hole 1802o) for receiving the manifold pipe 154. In principle, the pipe receiving device 1802 may be integral, and the manifold pipe 154, such as a section of pipe, may be inserted into hole 1802о to accommodate the pipe. This increases strength. Alternatively, the pipe placement device 1802 may be composed of multiple parts. The pipe placement device 1802 may optionally have foldable sheet metal tabs that allow the pipe placement device 1802 to be secured to the manifold pipe 154. To do this, the sheet metal tabs are folded in the direction of the manifold pipe 154.

The holding plinth 104 may optionally include a mounting structure 1802a (also referred to as a strut mounting structure) that connects a plurality of struts 1502 to each other and/or connects them to the pipe receiving device 1802. Optionally, a spacer mounting structure 1802a (eg, a plate) may protrude from the side of the pipe receiving device 1802 and/or be positioned between the pipe receiving hole 1802o and the retaining seat 102. Thus, greater strength is achieved.

For example, the spacer mounting structure 1802a may have at least one through hole, recess, or the like for attaching the spacers 1502. The connection between the spacer 1502 and the spacer mounting structure 1802a may, for example, be similar to securing it to the first mating region 102k. Examples of optional mounting structure components for spacers include: plate, screws, cable ties, tie wire, hook bolt, bracket.

Alternatively or in addition, spacers 1502 may be welded to the plate of spacer mounting structure 1802a. For example, the spacers 1502 may be first welded from below to the spacer mounting structure 1802a or to the pipe placement device 1802 and then adjustably attached from above to the retaining seat 102, or vice versa.

Optionally, the lower portion 104f of the holding plinth 104, such as its pipe receiving device 1802, can be extended on the side opposite the second mating region 104k (then also referred to as the plinth 1802). This prevents the holding base 104 from sinking into soft soil, thereby facilitating installation. For example, base leg 1802 may be extended in direction 101.

As shown, each holding plinth 104 may have exactly one pipe receiving device 1802 that is connected to the holding socket 102 by at least one spacer 1502. Optionally, holding plinth 104 may have multiple pipe receiving devices 1802, of which each device 1802 to accommodate the pipe is connected by at least one spacer 1502 to the same retaining socket 102. For example, the channel holding device 200 may include one or more spacers 1502 (also referred to as main spacer 1502) that connects the holding socket 102 with the first pipe receiving device 1802 located immediately below it. For example, the channel holding device 200 may include one or more than one additional spacer (also referred to as an auxiliary spacer) that connects the holding seat 102 to a second pipe receiving device 1802 located adjacent the first pipe receiving device 1802.

Likewise, the pipe receiving device 1802 may alternatively or additionally have multiple holding receptacles 102, of which each holding receptacle 102 is connected by at least one spacer 1502 to the same conduit holding device 200.

In this way, you can visually form a farm. The auxiliary spacer may, for example, be connected directly to the holding socket 102 and/or the pipe placement device 1802, for example, through a contact. Alternatively, the auxiliary spacer may be coupled indirectly (eg, by spacer 1502) to the retaining seat 102 and/or pipe receiving device 1802 such that the spacer is spaced from the holding seat 102 or pipe receiving device 1802. For example, the auxiliary spacer may be connected to the spacer 1502, for example, using a tie wire.

As can be seen, the inlet molding device 152 (e.g., its frame) does not necessarily have to be open at the top, but may also be provided without inlet openings 2302 and/or may have inlet openings 2302 closed.

FIG. 20 shows a drainage system 100 in accordance with various embodiments 2000 in a schematic perspective view, in which a pipe receiving hole 1802o is located between two spacers 1502. This may facilitate installation, especially in the case of a small overall height.

FIG. 21 shows a spacer plate 2100 according to various embodiments in a schematic perspective view as an exemplary component of the retaining plinth 104. For example, the retaining plinth 104 may alternatively or in addition to the spacers 1502 have at least one spacer plate 2100 It will be understood that what is described here for spacers 1502 can be applied to spacers 2100 by analogy. For example, instead of spacer 1502, a spacer plate 2100 may be used that connects the pipe receiving device 1802 to the retaining seat 102, for example by screwing them together.

In the second interface region 104k, spacer plate 2100 may have at least one slot-shaped through hole (eg, elongated holes) that provides a translational degree of freedom. This facilitates height adjustment of the inlet molding device 152. Alternatively or in addition, the spacer plate 2100 may have at least one slot-shaped through hole (eg, elongated holes) on the side opposite the second mating region to provide a translational degree of freedom.

FIG. 22 shows the assembly 2200 of the drainage system 100 in accordance with various embodiments in a schematic side view, FIG. 23 shows the assembly 2200 in a schematic sectional view AA, and FIG. 24 shows the assembly 2200 in a schematic sectional view. V-V. Multiple nodes 2400 may be mounted individually and/or connected together to form a drainage system 100. For example, node 2400 may have an extent along direction 101 ranging from about 0.25 meters (e.g., 0.5 meters) to about 4 meters ( for example, 2 meters). For example, node 2400 may have an extent along direction 105 ranging from about 1 meter to about 3 meters and/or greater than the extent along direction 101.

The frame 1702 may cover the drainage channel 1704 and surround it on both sides. In addition, the frame 1702 may have multiple inlets 2302 arranged one behind the other along the direction 101, of which each inlet 2302 optionally extends longitudinally along the direction 101. This improves the rate of water absorption.

Optionally, the holding socket 102 may be connected to two frames (eg, for each assembly 2200).

The drainage channel 1704 may have a plurality of funnel-shaped recesses 1704t (also called funnels), from which each funnel 1704t discharges into a drainage hole 2304. Each of the drainage holes 2304 can be connected to a drainage pipe 156. This improves drainage.

For example, using the configuration options disclosed herein that the channel retention device 200 provides, an undulating drainage surface can be drained. Alternatively or in addition, it is also possible to form a drainage line from a plurality of nodes 152 that extends in a meandering manner in the direction 101. The drainage line can be incrementally increased according to the length of the frame (eg, 0.5 meter, 1 meter, or 2 meters).

FIG. 25 shows a drainage system 100 in accordance with various embodiments 2500 in a schematic perspective view, in which the holding plinth 104 has multiple pipe receiving devices 1802, of which the first pipe receiving device 1802 is connected to the holding socket 102 by at least at least one main spacer 1502 and of which the second pipe receiving device 1802 is connected to the same holding seat 102 by at least one auxiliary spacer 1502h. Alternatively or in addition, the channel holding device 200 may have multiple holding slots 102, of which a first holding slot 102 is connected to one (e.g., first) channel holding device 200 via at least one main spacer 1502 and of which a second holding slot the socket 102 is connected to the same channel holding device 200 through at least one auxiliary spacer 1502h. By analogy, the duct holding device 200 may also have more than two pipe holding devices 1802 and/or more than two holding sockets 102.

Various examples related to those disclosed above and shown in the figures are described below.

Example 1 is a channel holding device comprising: a holding socket that has a first mating region and a holding region for holding a drainage channel extending along one direction; an optional holding plinth that has a second mating area; wherein the first mating area and the second mating area are configured to mat with each other to form a hinge joint, which provides the holding socket and the holding base with at least one rotational degree of freedom relative to each other, which, for example, extends essentially along the specified directions, and/or at least one translational degree of freedom relative to each other, which, for example, runs substantially transverse to the specified direction; a locking device which is configured, when set to a first state, to lock at least one rotational degree of freedom and/or at least one translational degree of freedom, so as to fix the holding socket and the holding base relative to each other, and with the possibility, when setting to the second state, releasing the rotational degree of freedom so that the holding socket and the holding base can move relative to each other.

Example 2 is a channel holding device comprising: a holding socket that has a first mating region and a holding region for holding a drainage channel extending along one direction; an optional holding plinth that has a second mating area; wherein the first mating area and the second mating area are configured to mat with each other to form a hinge joint that connects the holding socket and the holding base to each other with the possibility of rotation and/or displacement, while the axis of rotation of the hinge joint, for example, passes essentially along the specified direction; a locking device which is configured, when set in a first state, to block rotation and/or displacement of the holding socket and the holding base relative to each other so that they are fixed relative to each other, and with the ability, when set to a second state, to release blocking.

Example 3 is a channel holding device comprising: a holding socket that has a clamping device (eg, a clamp or at least a clamp-shaped plate) and a holding area for holding a drainage channel (eg, extending along one direction); wherein the clamping device has a recess (for example, which extends through said at least one clamping device substantially transverse to said direction), which is configured to accommodate at least one support post (for example, reinforcing bar), which (for example, at least on the end surface) extends from the holding region (for example, at least at the end surface, substantially transverse to the specified direction) and is configured (for example, by means of a locking device), when installed in the first state, to clamp the specified at least one support post (which optionally is curved or angled) such that the holding socket and the at least one support post are fixed relative to each other, and with the ability, when installed in the second state, to provide the said at least one support post a rotational degree of freedom extending substantially along said direction such that the holding socket and the support post are hinged or hinged to each other.

Example 4 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 3, wherein the holding socket is shaped like a fork (and is then also called a holding fork); and/or wherein the holding region has two holding portions that are spatially separated from each other (eg, each having a connecting device); and/or the holding seat is provided with a recess extending through substantially along said direction. This makes it easier to upgrade (retrofit) with a channel holding device.

Example 5 is a duct holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 4, wherein the holding base has or is formed from a lever mechanism, the lever mechanism having, for example, spacers or bars (eg, reinforcing bars) that extend obliquely to each other (eg, intersecting) (which are optionally curved or angular), the lever mechanism, for example, being hinged when the locking device is in a second state, and/or fixed when the locking device is in a first state. This makes installation easier and simplifies the design.

Example 6 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 5, wherein the holding region (eg, each of the holding portions) has at least one rack. This makes it easier to upgrade (retrofit) with a channel holding device.

Example 7 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 6, wherein the holding region (eg, each of the holding portions) has a fastening structure for attaching the drain channel and/or frame. This makes it easier to upgrade (retrofit) with a channel holding device.

Example 8 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 7, wherein the holding area has a frame (for example, extending substantially along the specified direction), for example a cast frame, which is, for example, a geometrically closing component holding area. This reduces the effort required for installation.

Example 9 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 8, wherein the holding region is a casting and/or comprises cast steel or is formed from cast steel. This increases strength.

Example 10 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 9, wherein the hinge joint further provides the holding socket and holding base with at least one (i.e., one or more than one) translational degrees of freedom that , essentially transverse to the rotational degree of freedom. This makes precise installation easier. The locking device may be configured, when set to a first state, to lock at least one translational degree of freedom so that the holding socket and the retaining base are locked relative to each other, and, when set to a second state, to release at least one translational degree freedom, so that the holding socket and holding base become movable relative to each other.

Example 11 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 10, wherein the holding socket has an additional articulation that provides the holding area and the retaining base with one translational degree of freedom relative to each other, wherein the articulation and additional articulation connections, for example, are spatially separated from each other. This makes precise installation easier.

Example 12 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 11, wherein the articulation joint and/or additional articulation joint has a parallel guide to provide a translational degree of freedom. This makes precise installation easier.

Example 13 is a channel retaining device according to any of Examples 1 to 12, wherein the articulation joint and/or additional articulation joint are spatially separated from the retaining region. This reduces the risk of damage to the drainage channel.

Example 14 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 13, wherein the first mating region and the second mating region are mated to each other (eg, held together) by a locking device. This reduces design complexity.

Example 15 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 14, wherein the holding socket and the holding base are connected and engaged with each other. This increases durability during installation.

Example 16 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 15, wherein the holding socket and/or holding base has a plate. This reduces production costs.

Example 17 is a duct holding device according to any one of Examples 1 to 16, wherein the holding base has a plurality of interlocking struts (eg, reinforcing bars) (which are optionally curved or angled), for example forming a truss. This increases strength.

Example 18 is a channel holding device according to any one of Examples 1 to 17, further comprising: an opening made in one element selected from the holding socket and the holding base, and a protrusion formed in another element selected from the holding socket and the holding base wherein the protrusion engages the hole when the holding socket and the holding base are connected together. This increases durability during installation.

Example 19 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 18, wherein the holding base is configured to be placed vertically on the ground or to be inserted into the ground. This increases the range of applications.

Example 20 is a channel holding device in accordance with any of Examples 1 to 19, wherein the first mating area has multiple components that, when connected together, enclose and/or clamp the second mating area, wherein said multiple components are, for example, locked from rotating relative to each other and/or engaging with each other. This makes installation easier.

Example 21 is a channel holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 20, wherein the holding plinth has one or more (e.g., one-piece or composite) pipe receiving devices, of which each pipe receiving device has a through an opening for receiving a manifold pipe and/or from which each pipe receiving device is connected to a holding socket (for example, in each case by means of at least one spacer). This increases durability during installation.

Example 22 is a duct holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 21, wherein the holding base (e.g., a pipe receiving device thereof) has at least one (i.e., one or more than one) legs, protruding along the specified direction. This increases strength.

Example 23 is a duct holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 22, wherein the holding base has at least one (i.e., one or more than one) support post (which is optionally curved or angled), which, for example, provides a second mating area and/or supports a holding socket on the pipe receiving device; wherein, for example, one or each support post has or is formed from an (optionally curved or angled) spacer (eg, reinforcing bar) or an (optionally curved or angled) spacer plate. This reduces design complexity.

Example 24 is a duct holding device according to any of Examples 1 to 23, wherein the second mating region (eg, one or each support post) is ribbed or has a (eg, slotted) through hole. This simplifies installation.

Example 25 is a drainage system (eg, for surface drainage) comprising: a channel holding device according to any one of Examples 1 to 24, a drainage channel that extends longitudinally substantially along said direction and is held by a retaining socket of the device for holding the channel, an optional frame that laterally encloses at least one segment of the drainage channel, the frame having, for example, at least one longitudinal slot (for example, longitudinal slots located one behind the other, essentially along the specified direction), which extends longitudinally substantially along said direction.

Example 26 is a drainage system in accordance with Example 25, further comprising: at least one drain line (e.g., at least one drain pipe) in fluid communication with the drainage channel and extending from the drainage channel (for example, from a side thereof). , on which the holding socket is located). This increases the strength of the structure.

Example 27 is a drainage system in accordance with Example 26, further comprising: a collector line (eg, a collector pipe) that extends longitudinally substantially along the specified direction (and, for example, passes through the through hole of the retaining plinth); wherein said at least one drain line (for example, at least one drain pipe) fluidly connects the drainage channel to the collector line; wherein, for example, the distance between the collector line and the drainage channel is greater than the extent of the collector line (for example, the collector pipe) along the specified distance, while, for example, the holding plinth is supported on the collector line (for example, on the collector pipe). This increases the strength of the structure.

Example 28 is a method of installing a drainage channel (e.g., as part of a drainage system according to any of Examples 25 to 27) by means of a channel holding device (e.g., according to any of Examples 1 to 24), comprising: lining the drainage channel, which extends longitudinally substantially along said direction and is held by a holding socket of the channel holding device, wherein the alignment includes moving the holding socket relative to the holding plinth in accordance with at least one translational degree of freedom and/or in accordance with at least one one rotational degree of freedom; and moving the locking device from the second state to the first state so as to fix the holding socket and the holding base relative to each other.

Example 29 is a method according to Example 28, wherein the retaining plinth is supported by or in soil (eg, containing earth or concrete) or supported by formwork (for example, such that the weight of the drainage channel is carried by the drainage support device essentially in the direction of the formwork or the ground). This increases the range of applications.

Example 30 is a method in accordance with Example 28 or 29, further comprising: embedding a drainage channel and a device for holding the channel into the material, for example, such that the drainage channel is freely located on the surface of the material and/or is located flush with the surface of the material . This increases the strength of the structure.

Claims (33)

1. A device (200) for holding a channel, comprising: - a holding socket (102), which has a first mating area (102k) and a holding area (102a) for holding a drainage channel running along one direction; - a holding base (104), which has a second mating area (104k); - wherein the first mating area (102k) and the second mating area (104k) are configured to mat with each other to form a hinge joint (106), which provides the holding socket (102) and the holding plinth (104) with one rotational degree (111) freedom relative to each other, which runs essentially along the specified direction; - a locking device (108), which is configured to be transferred to a first state for blocking the rotational degree of freedom (111), so that the holding socket (102) and the holding base (104) are fixed relative to each other, and with the possibility of being transferred to a second state for releasing the rotational degree of freedom (111), so that the holding socket (102) and the holding base (104) are movable relative to each other, - wherein the holding base (104) contains a lever mechanism, which is articulated when the locking device (108) is in the second state, and fixed when the locking device (108) is in the first state. 2. The channel holding device (200) according to claim 1, wherein the holding socket (102) is shaped like a fork. 3. The channel holding device (200) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the holding area (102a) has a fastening structure (442, 302b) for attaching the drainage channel. 4. Device (200) for holding a channel according to any one of claims. 1-3, in which the holding area (102a) has a frame (1702) that is a geometrically closing component of the holding area (102a). 5. Device (200) for holding a channel according to any one of claims. 1-4, wherein the hinge joint (106) further provides the holding socket (102) and the holding plinth (104) with one or more translational degrees of freedom (115) that are substantially transverse to the rotational degrees of freedom (111). 6. Device (200) for holding a channel according to any one of claims. 1-5, in which the first mating region (102k) and the second mating region (104k) are mated to each other by means of a locking device (108). 7. Device (200) for holding a channel according to any one of claims. 1-6, in which the holding socket (102) and/or the holding base (104) contains a plate. 8. Device (200) for holding a channel according to any one of claims. 1-7, wherein the first mating region (102k) comprises a plurality of components (304a, 304b, 304) that, when connected together, enclose and/or clamp the second mating region (104k). 9. The channel holding device (200) of claim 8, wherein the plurality of components are locked from rotation relative to each other and/or engage with each other. 10. Device (200) for holding a channel according to any one of claims. 1-9, in which the holding plinth (104) has one or more than one pipe receiving device (1802), which has a through hole for receiving the header pipe (154). 11. The duct holding device (200) of claim 10, wherein the holding pedestal (104) has one or more than one support post (1502, 2100) that supports the holding socket (102) on the one or more than one device ( 1502) to place the pipe. 12. Device (200) for holding a channel according to any one of claims. 1-11, in which the second mating area (104k) is ribbed or has a slotted through hole. 13. Drainage system (100), containing: - a device (200) for holding a channel according to any one of claims. 1-12; - a drainage channel (1704), which runs longitudinally along the specified direction (101) and is held by the holding socket (102) of the device (200) for holding the channel. 14. Drainage system (100) according to claim 13, additionally containing: - at least one drain line (156), which is fluidly connected to the drainage channel (1704) and extends from the drainage channel (1704). 15. Drainage system (100) according to claim 14, additionally containing: - a collector line (154), which runs longitudinally along the specified direction (101); - wherein at least one drain line (156) fluidly connects the drainage channel (1704) and the collector line (154) to each other. 16. A method for installing a drainage channel (1704) using a device (200) for holding the channel according to any one of claims. 1-12, including: - alignment of the drainage channel (1704), which runs longitudinally along the specified direction and is held by the holding socket (102) of the device (200) for holding the channel, and the alignment includes moving the holding socket (102) relative to the holding plinth (104) in accordance with rotational degree (111) of freedom; - transferring the locking device (108) from the second state to the first state so that the holding socket (102) and the holding base (104) are fixed relative to each other. 17. The method according to claim 16, in which the holding plinth (104) is supported on the ground, or is in the ground, or is supported by formwork. 18. A device (200) for holding a channel, comprising: - a holding socket (102), which has a clamping device (304a, 304b, 304) and a holding area (102a) for holding a drainage channel extending along one direction; - wherein the clamping device has a recess configured to accommodate at least one support post, which extends from the holding area; - wherein the clamping device is configured, when installed in the first state, to clamp at least one support post so that the holding socket (102) and at least one support post are fixed relative to each other, and with the possibility, when installed into a second state, providing at least one support post with one rotational degree of freedom (111) that extends along said direction, so that the holding seat (102) and the support post are connected to each other in a hinged manner.