RU2812926C1 - Space mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mixers.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to drum-type mixing devices for mixing various bulk materials, as well as liquid components, and can be used in the agricultural, chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. The spatial mixer is made on the basis of a six-link spatial hinge-lever mechanism with rotational pairs, its drum is hingedly mounted on two spatial connecting rods having different geometric parameters, each of which is pivotally connected to one of the two input cranks, rigidly mounted on the shaft of its engine (gear motor), the rotation axes of the input cranks are located on the same straight line, whereas the geometric axes of the drum axles and the hinge axes of one of the input cranks are crossed at equal angles and the shortest distances between these axes are also equal, the shortest distances between the geometric axes of the hinges of the second input crank and the geometric axes of the hinges of the connecting rod associated with it are equal, and the angles of their crossing complement each other up to 180°, the geometric axes of the hinges of the second connecting rod are parallel and the shortest distance between them is equal to twice the shortest distance between the geometric axes of the hinges of the first connecting rod, the ratio of the shortest distance between the geometric axes of the hinges of each input crank to the sine of the crossing angle of these axes is equal to the ratio of similar parameters of the drum and connecting rods.

EFFECT: simplified manufacture of the mixer frame and increased accuracy of its assembly, as well as increased efficiency and intensity of the mixing process.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to drum-type mixing devices for mixing various bulk materials, as well as liquid components, and can be used in the agro-industrial complex, chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries.

Mixers are known in which the mixing of materials occurs due to gravitational forces by imparting a complex movement to the mixing container (drum), which is achieved by using spatial hinge mechanisms in the design [1,2,3]. The closest in technical essence and achieved result to the proposed one is a mixer having a drum with two axles, mounted on supports made in the form of spatial cranks with hinge axes crossing at an angle α=25-65 ⁰ and crossing at an angle β=145-178 ⁰ axes of their rotation, one of the supports is made with a balancer, the shortest distance between the axes of the hinges of which and the angle of their crossing are in a certain dependence on the shortest distances and crossing angles of the axes of the crank hinges and the geometric axes of the supports of the input crank and balancer [4].

The disadvantage of the device indicated as a prototype is that the movement in the space of the working container - the drum - is not complex enough and is relatively low-speed. Increasing, in order to intensify the mixing process, the rotation speed of the input crank leads to a significant increase in dynamic loads on the structure, inevitably arising from the uneven rotation of the output crank, as well as the movement of the drum with the mixture. In addition, it is necessary to install the supports of the balancer and the input crank with great precision, so that the crossing angle of their geometric axes is strictly observed, otherwise the load on the structure will increase significantly, or even the drum will simply not turn.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and intensity of the mixing process due to more complex spatial movement of the drum, as well as to improve the manufacturability and assembly of the mixer.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that the basic mechanism of the proposed mixer is a differential six-link spatial hinge-lever mechanism with rotational pairs. The geometric axes of the hinges of one of the input cranks and the drum axles are crossed at the same angles And , shortest distances And between the indicated axes are also the same. Shortest distances And accordingly, between the geometric axes of the hinges of the second input crank and one of the two connecting rods associated with it, the angles And crossings of these axes complement each other up to 180°:

The geometric axes of the hinges of the second connecting rod connecting the first input crank to the drum are parallel, the shortest distance between them is equal to twice the shortest distance between the geometric axes of the hinges of the first connecting rod, that is:

The specified angles and shortest distances must be in the following relationship:

l₁/sinα₁= l₄/sinα₄= l₅/sinα_5.

The introduction of a second input crank into the mixer design makes it possible to give the drum a more complex movement in space with a shaking action, which will intensify the mixing process, and will also make it possible to simplify and increase the accuracy of manufacturing the mixer frame due to the fact that the supports of the input cranks are located coaxially. In addition, installing two separate drives (geared motors) on the input cranks will allow you to change the mixing mode without stopping and readjusting the mixer

The structure of the spatial mixer is illustrated by the diagram:

Fig.1 – diagram of a spatial mixer, general view.

The spatial mixer consists of a drum 3, hingedly mounted on two spatial connecting rods 2 and 4, each of which is pivotally connected to the corresponding input crank 1 or 5, rigidly mounted on the shaft of its gearmotor 7 and 8. The gearmotors are installed coaxially on racks 9 beds. To balance the mixer, provision is made for installing counterweights 6 on the input cranks. The performance of the spatial mixer is determined by fulfilling the following conditions:

and dependencies:

l₁/sinα₁= l₄/sinα₄= l₅/sinα_5,

Where

- the shortest distance between the geometric axes of the hinges of the input crank 1;

- the shortest distance between the geometric axes of the hinges

connecting rod 2;

- the shortest distance between the axes of the drum trunnions 3;

- the shortest distance between the geometric axes of the hinges

connecting rod 4;

- the shortest distance between the geometric axes of the hinges of the input crank 5;

- angle of crossing of the geometric axes of the input hinges

crank 1;

- the angle of crossing of the geometric axes of the connecting rod 2 hinges;

- angle of crossing of the geometric axes of the drum axles 3;

- the angle of crossing of the geometric axes of the connecting rod hinges 4;

- angle of crossing of the geometric axes of the input hinges

crank 5.

The spatial mixer works as follows. Depending on the selected law of motion of the drum 3, either two gear motors 7 and 8, or one of them, are activated. The movement from the gearmotor is transmitted to the support crank 1 or 5. If one gearmotor is running and the second with the crank attached to its shaft is braked, then the movement from the first input crank through the associated connecting rod and drum is transmitted to the second input crank. If both gear motors are working, then the movement is transmitted through input cranks 1, 5 and connecting rods 2 and 4 to drum 3. The mixer drum makes a complex uneven movement in space, the mode of which can be changed without stopping the operation of the mixer, but by braking one of the engines or changing the direction of rotation of their shafts.

The proposed design of the mixer will simplify the manufacture of the mixer frame and increase the accuracy of its assembly, as well as increase the efficiency and intensity of the mixing process.

List of used literature

1. Mudrov, P.G. Spatial mechanisms with rotational pairs / P.G. Mudrov, Kazan University Publishing House, Kazan, 1976. 264 p.

2. Mudrov, A.G. Spatial mechanisms with a special structure / A.G. Mudrov. - RIC “School”, Kazan, 2003. -300 p.

3. Mudrov, A.G. Spatial apparatus with stirrer and mixers / A.G. Mudrov, A.A. Mudrova, R.L. Sakhapov. – Moscow: RUSAINS, 2021. - 190 s.

4. Copyright certificate No. 797878 (USSR), B.I. No. 3, 1981.

Claims (1)

A spatial mixer, characterized in that in order to increase the efficiency and intensity of the mixing process, as well as improve the manufacturability and assembly of the mixer, it is made on the basis of a six-link spatial hinge-lever mechanism with rotational pairs, its drum is hingedly mounted on two spatial connecting rods having different geometric shapes parameters, each of which is hingedly connected to one of the two input cranks, rigidly mounted on the shaft of its engine - a gearmotor, the rotation axes of the input cranks are located on the same straight line, while the geometric axes of the drum axles and the hinge axes of one of the input cranks are crossed at equal angles and the shortest distances between these axes are also equal, the shortest distances between the geometric axes of the hinges of the second input crank and the geometric axes of the hinges of the connecting rod associated with it are equal, and the angles of their crossing complement each other up to 180°, the geometric axes of the hinges of the second connecting rod are parallel and the shortest distance between they are equal to twice the shortest distance between the geometric axes of the hinges of the first connecting rod, the ratio of the shortest distance between the geometric axes of the hinges of each input crank to the sine of the crossing angle of these axes is equal to the ratio of similar parameters of the drum and connecting rods.