RU2811837C1 - Device for obtaining prints of oiled rag for purpose of determining percentage content of mass of oil products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: environment.

SUBSTANCE: studying the level of environmental pollution, in particular methods for determining the content of petroleum products in cleaning materials - in oily rags, which are industrial waste during the operation of vehicles, as well as other machines and factory equipment. The device contains a screen made in the form of a sheet of white writing paper, and a substrate under it - in the form of a punched pocket. The device additionally contains a hollow cylinder mounted vertically on the desktop lid - on a sheet of paper with a backing underneath - to form a cavity for placing a rag in the cylinder above the sheet of paper. In the cavity of the cylinder, above the rags, there is a pressure disk with the possibility of axial movement along this cylinder and contact with the rags, above the pressure disk there is a compression spring, and above it there is a pusher in the form of a cylinder with a shoulder in its upper part and with the possibility of axial movement along this cylinder, and when moving the pusher from the upper free position to the lower one, a working stroke is carried out as a result of force acting on it in the axial direction until the shoulder contacts the upper cut of the hollow cylinder. The compression spring has the ability to interact with both the pressure plate and the pusher, and its working stroke exceeds the working stroke of the pusher.

EFFECT: ability to determine the percentage of oil products in oily rags.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of studying the level of environmental pollution, in particular to devices for determining the content of petroleum products in cleaning materials - in oily rags, which are industrial waste during the operation of vehicles, as well as other machines and factory equipment.

An IR spectrometer is known for determining the mass content of petroleum products in soils using infrared spectrometry (RF Pat. No. 2766530, G01N 21/3563, 03/16/2021) [1].

The main disadvantage of the known device is its difficulty in practical application in operating conditions of vehicles. In addition, it is poorly suited for determining the percentage of oil products in oily rags.

The closest technical solution, chosen as a prototype, is a screen for determining the environmental safety of vehicle maintenance. The screen consists of a rigid base made in the form of shields. On the specified base there is a substrate made of waterproof material, on this substrate there are fixing layers of the screen made of sheets of whatman paper (RF Patent No. 2659880, G01M 15/02, 08/23/2016) [2].

The main disadvantage of this device is that it is poorly suited for determining the percentage of oil products in oily rags.

The objective of the invention is to create a device for obtaining prints of oily rags in order to determine the percentage of oil products in it. The determination of this indicator is due to the need to establish the hazard class of industrial waste - cleaning material (rags) contaminated with oil or oil products. Thus, in accordance with the FKKO, rags as industrial waste are assigned hazard classes IV and III - if the content of oil or petroleum products in the rags is respectively less than 15% and 15% or more (Order of Rosprirodnadzor dated May 22, 2017 No. 242 “On approval of the Federal Classification Catalog waste") [3]. Depending on the established hazard class, the appropriate disposal option for oily rags is adopted.

The essence of the invention is as follows. The screen is made in the form of a sheet of white writing paper, the backing underneath is in the form of a multifora. In addition, the device additionally contains a hollow cylinder, configured to place the oily rag being evaluated in its cavity and subject it to a given pressure. To do this, a hollow cylinder is installed vertically on the desktop lid - on a sheet of paper with a backing underneath - forming a cavity for placing rags in the cylinder above the sheet of paper. In the cavity of the cylinder, above the rags, there is a pressure disk with the possibility of axial movement along this cylinder and contact with the rags, above the pressure disk there is a compression spring, and above it there is a pusher in the form of a cylinder with a shoulder in its upper part and with the possibility of axial movement along this cylinder, and when moving the said pusher from the upper free position to the lower one, a working stroke is carried out as a result of force acting on it in the axial direction until the shoulder contacts the upper cut of the hollow cylinder. In this case, the compression spring has the ability to interact with both the pressure plate and the pusher, and its working stroke exceeds the working stroke of the pusher. On the side of the lower part of the hollow cylinder, above the rags, there are at least two coaxial holes, the common axis of rotation of which lies in the horizontal plane, and their lower generatrices lie in the horizontal plane corresponding to the upper level of placement of the assessed rags in its cavity. Taken together, this makes it possible to create a device for obtaining prints of oily rags in order to determine the percentage of oil products in it.

In fig. shows a device for obtaining prints of oily rags in order to determine the percentage of oil products in it; in particular, its section in a vertical plane is shown.

The device is designed to record the imprint of the product being evaluated on a sheet of white writing paper. It includes a screen in the form of a sheet of paper 6, as well as a substrate 7 made of waterproof material, for example, multifora, placed underneath it. The said device additionally contains a hollow cylinder 2, configured to place the assessed rag 5 in its cavity and apply a given pressure to it. To do this, cylinder 2 is mounted vertically on the lid 8 of the work table - on a sheet of paper 6 with a substrate 7 underneath - to form a cavity for placing the rag 5 in cylinder 2 above the sheet of paper 6. In the cavity of the cylinder 2, above the rag 5, a pressure disk 4 is installed with the possibility of axial movement along this cylinder 2 and contact with the rag 5. Above the disk 4 is a compression spring 3, and above it is a pusher 1 in the form of a cylinder with a collar in its upper part and with the possibility of axial movement along the cylinder 2. Pusher 1 as a result force impact on it in the axial direction has the possibility of axial movement along the cylinder 2 from the upper free position to the lower one - until its flange contacts the upper cut of the cylinder 2. In this case, the compression spring 3 has the ability to interact with both the disk 4 and the pusher 1, and its the working stroke exceeds the working stroke of the pusher 1. On the side of the lower part of the cylinder 2, above the rag 5, there are at least two coaxial holes, the common axis of rotation of which lies in the horizontal plane, and their lower generatrices lie in the horizontal plane corresponding to the upper level placement of the assessed rags in its cavity 5.

The principle of operation of the device is as follows. A white sheet of writing paper 6 with a backing (multifor) 7 underneath is placed on the lid 8 of a desktop with a smooth hard surface. Then a hollow cylinder 2 is installed vertically on a sheet of paper 6, into the cavity of which an oiled rag 5 is placed to the level of the holes (to the lower generatric lines in them) made in this cylinder 2. After this, a pressure disk 4 is installed on the rag 5, and a spring is placed on it 3, and on spring 3 - pusher 1. The device is ready to obtain an imprint of petroleum products on paper 6. To remove the imprint, press pusher 1 until its shoulder stops at the upper cut of cylinder 2 and hold pusher 1 in this position for a specified time, for example, 15 s , which is controlled by a clock with a second hand. In this case, the spring 3 is compressed and acts on the pressure disk 4, which in turn exerts pressure on the rag 5. As a result, oil products are released from the layer of rag 5 and are fixed on paper 6 in the form of an imprint. Finally, remove the load from pusher 1 (release it). Holding the device by the cylinder 2, lift it up and press the pusher 1 again until its shoulder stops in the cylinder 2. When performing this operation, the rag 3 is released from the cavity of the cylinder 2. If necessary, the lower part of the cavity of the cylinder 2 is cleaned of the rag 5 remaining in it After which the device is ready for use again.

Thus, a device has been proposed for obtaining prints of oily rags in order to determine the percentage of oil products in it, which is necessary for determining the hazard class of oily rags and making decisions on its disposal.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION TAKEN INTO ATTENTION:

1. Pat. RF No. 2766530, G01N 21/3563, 03/16/2021.

2. Pat. RF No. 2659880, G01M 02/15, 08/23/2016 - prototype.

3. Order of Rosprirodnadzor dated May 22, 2017 No. 242 “On approval of the Federal Classification Catalog of Wastes.”

Claims (2)

1. A device for obtaining prints of oily rags for the purpose of determining the percentage of the mass of petroleum products in it, including a screen, as well as a substrate made of waterproof material placed under it, characterized in that the screen is made in the form of a sheet of white writing paper, the substrate is under it - in the form of a multifora, in addition, the device additionally contains a hollow cylinder, made with the possibility of placing the evaluated oiled rag in its cavity and exposing it to a given pressure, for this purpose the hollow cylinder is installed vertically on the lid of the work table - on a sheet of paper with a backing underneath - with the formation of a cavity for placing the rags in the cylinder above the sheet of paper, in the cavity of the cylinder, above the rags, a pressure disk is installed with the possibility of axial movement along this cylinder and contact with the rags, above the pressure disk there is a compression spring, and above it there is a pusher in the form of a cylinder with a collar in its upper part and with the possibility of axial movement along this cylinder, and when moving the said pusher from the upper free position to the lower one, a working stroke is carried out as a result of force acting on it in the axial direction until the collar contacts the upper cut of the hollow cylinder, while The compression spring has the ability to interact with both the pressure plate and the pusher, and its working stroke exceeds the working stroke of the pusher. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the side of the lower part of the hollow cylinder, above the rag, there are at least two coaxial holes, the common axis of rotation of which lies in the horizontal plane, and their lower generatrices lie in the horizontal plane, corresponding to the upper level of placement of the assessed rags in its cavity.

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