RU2808946C1 - Device for testing cartridges and electric detonators - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: control of cartridges, intended for perforation and blasting operations in oil and gas wells. A device for testing cartridges and electric detonators contains a housing, a control unit, a measuring unit and a power supply containing lithium-ion batteries. A control unit containing a power-on toggle switch, a cartridge serviceability indicator, a control button for the sealed cartridge PGN, a control button for the blasting cartridge PVPD-N, is connected to the power supply and the measuring unit using a patch cable, the measuring unit, in turn connected to the power supply, contains terminals for connecting the blasting cartridge PVPD-N, connection socket for the sealed cartridge PGN, battery charge indicator.

EFFECT: control of serviceability and compliance with the declared range of load resistance on the secondary winding of the cartridges.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the control of cartridges intended for perforation-explosive work in oil and gas wells, and can be used directly in the VM warehouses of geophysical service organizations that have the right to handle explosive materials for industrial use.

From the prior art, patent No. 2,066,054 with priority dated May 19, 1992, a method for monitoring the caking of explosives in cartridges and a device for its implementation are known. A device for monitoring the stickiness of an explosive substance in cartridges, containing a base, a unit for placing the explosive being tested, a rod placed with the ability to move along the axis of the unit for placing the explosive being tested, an indenter mounted on the rod coaxially with it, a power unit for loading the rod and a dynamometer, characterized in that it is equipped with replaceable weights placed on the rod for alternating action with the power unit on the rod through the sensitive element of the dynamometer, as well as a recording device made in the form of a lever system connected to the rod and to the sensitive element of the dynamometer and equipped with a recording unit made with the ability to move together with the rod and in a direction that does not coincide with the direction of movement of the rod.

But this method is not intended for testing cartridges used for perforation and blasting operations in oil and gas wells, which are triggered by an alternating current pulse of a certain frequency.

The closest in its technical essence is a device for monitoring the serviceability of a squib, described in patent No. 964684 with priority dated March 25, 1981, containing a power source to the buses of which a diode rectifier is connected, a fault finding signal lamp, a test button and two groups of cells, made on series-connected switching elements and, and squibs of direction batteries, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the device, two relays, resistors, additional diodes, thyristors, fault warning lamps, a switch and a command delay element are introduced into one bus power source, the first resistors of two groups of cells are connected, which are connected to the anodes of three additional diodes, the cathodes of the first of which are connected to the connection points of the switching elements and battery squibs and directions, the cathodes of the second diodes in each group of cells are connected together and connected through the first and second current-limiting resistors to the control electrodes of the first and second thyristors, the anodes of which, through the opening contact of the reset button, are connected to the positive terminal of the rectifier, the negative terminal of which is connected to some terminals of the relay windings, others, the terminals of which are connected respectively to the cathodes of the first and second thyristors, and the cathodes of the third diodes of the same group cells are respectively connected to the cathodes of the third diodes of another group of cells and connected respectively to the terminals of the switch, the common terminal of which is connected through a third current-limiting resistor to the control electrode of the third thyristor, the anode of which is connected to one bus of the power source, the other bus of which is connected to cathode of the third thyristor, one output of the test button's closing contact is connected to one bus of the power source, the other terminal of which is connected through series-connected second resistors and decoupling diodes to the first and second current-limiting resistors and to the common terminal of the switch, and the closing contacts of both relays are connected to the corresponding lamp faults and are connected between the power supply buses, and the switching elements are connected to one power supply bus through a command delay element.

But this device is not intended to monitor serviceability and compliance with the declared response range from an alternating current pulse of a certain frequency of cartridges intended for perforation and blasting operations in oil and gas wells.

The technical problem solved by the claimed invention is the testing of cartridges intended for perforation and blasting operations in oil and gas wells, which are triggered by an alternating current pulse of a certain frequency.

The technical result of the claimed invention is control of serviceability and compliance with the declared range of load resistance on the secondary winding of cartridges intended for perforation and blasting operations in oil and gas wells.

The declared technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device for testing cartridges and electric detonators contains a housing, a control unit, a measuring unit and a power supply containing lithium-ion batteries. A control unit containing a power-on toggle switch, a cartridge serviceability indicator, a control button for a sealed PGN, a control button for an explosive PVPD-N, is connected to the power supply and the measuring unit using a patch cable, the measuring unit, in turn connected to the power supply, contains the cartridge connection terminals explosive PVPD-N, connection socket for the sealed PGN cartridge, battery charge indicator, strobe operational amplifier LM311 (DA4) which is connected with its output through the power bus to the output of the optocoupler 4N33 (DA5), while the optocoupler 4N33 (DA5) with its output through the connected to it The resistor is connected to the output of the STM32F401CCU6 (DD4) microcontroller, and trimming resistors are connected to the outputs of the analog-to-digital converters of the STM32F401CCU6 (DD4) microcontroller with the ability to set reference resistance ranges by changing the value of the reference voltage at the inputs of the analog-to-digital converters of the STM32F401CCU6 (DD4) microcontroller. This device can monitor the serviceability of both sealed (PGN) and non-sealed safety action cartridges (PVPD-N) or electric detonators of the EDPN type, which differ from each other in their dimensions and designs. After pressing the button corresponding to the installed type of cartridge (SB4 - PVPD-N, SB5 - PGN) on the control unit. At pin PC13 of the microcontroller DD4, through the resistor R29 connected to it, a power-on signal comes to pin 1 of the optocoupler 4N33 (DA5). The optocoupler connects the +5V power rail to the output of the gate op-amp LM311 (DA4). At the same time, the contacts of relay K1 close, excluding the cartridge from the measuring circuit L3, C8. During time t1 (2 sec), the natural resonant frequency of the oscillatory circuit f1 is measured using microcontroller DD4 (pin PA0), then the contacts of relay K1 open and during time t2 (2 sec) the natural resonant frequency f2 of circuit L3, L4 is measured, C8.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by diagrams, where figure 1 schematically shows a general view of the device for testing the cartridge and electric detonator, housing 1, control unit 2, which is a remote control, patch cable 3, cable connection socket 4, battery charge indicator 5, terminals for connecting the explosive PVPD cartridge -N 6, connection socket for the sealed cartridge PGN 7, power switch 8, cartridge serviceability indicator 9, control button PGN 10, control button PVPD-N 11. Figure 2 shows a diagram of a device for testing an insensitive cartridge or electric detonator, measuring unit A1, containing a gated operational amplifier LM311 (DA4), a microcontroller STM32F401CCU6 (DD4), trimming resistors R23 - R26, a cartridge equivalent represented by the inductance of the winding of the measured cartridge L4, a master oscillating circuit L3, C8, a power supply unit B1 containing lithium-ion batteries of type 18650, a control unit A2 containing the power switch 8 in the diagram corresponds to contact SB6, buttons 10 and 11 corresponding to the installed type of cartridge, indicated in the diagram by contact SB5 - for a cartridge of the PGN type and contact SB4 - for a cartridge of the PVPD-N type.

A device for testing a cartridge or electric detonator operates as follows. To check, for example, the explosive cartridge PVPD-N, the primary winding is initially wound six turns with a copper enameled wire with a diameter of at least 0.3 mm, having stripped the ends of the conductor of insulation to a length of at least 10 mm, the terminals of the primary winding are connected to terminals 6, ensuring proper electrical contact , the diagram shows the equivalent of the cartridge, represented by inductance L4, after which toggle switch 8 is turned on, contact SB6 is closed, then the button corresponding to the type of installed cartridge is pressed; in this case, button 11 is closed, contact SB4 is closed. When button 11 is pressed, the contacts of relay 1 close and inductance L4 (the primary winding of the cartridge) is excluded from the circuit by shunting it. Only the master oscillatory circuit L3, C8 is involved in the measurement, and within two seconds the reference frequency of the measuring unit is measured. At the output 7 (CLK) of the gated operational amplifier LM311 (DA4), a rectangular signal appears with a frequency fр equal to the resonant frequency of the master oscillatory circuit L3, C8. This rectangular signal is sent to the microcontroller (DD4), in which the frequency is calculated and written to the microcontroller memory. Then, after two seconds, the contacts of relay K1 open and the primary winding of the tested cartridge L4 is added to the master oscillatory circuit L3, C8, which changes the resonant frequency of the oscillatory circuit L3, C8, and in turn the quality factor of the secondary winding of the cartridge containing the bridge resistance leads to a run-out frequencies during measurements. The time for measuring the frequency of the circuit with the L4 cartridge turned on is 2 seconds. After 2 seconds, the measurements stop, and the final frequency, established over the elapsed time in the same way as the first stage of measurements from pin 7 (CLK) of the gated operational amplifier LM311 (DA4), is transmitted to the microcontroller (DD4) in the same way in the form of a square wave. The frequency measurement result is also recorded in the microcontroller (DD4). The determination of the “suitability” of a cartridge comes from the mathematical expression:

Where - resulting frequency.

The final stage of measurement is to check whether the resulting frequency corresponds to the reference ranges of values set by trimming resistors R23 - R26. If the value of the resulting frequency falls within the range of “good cartridges”, the green LED - indicator of the serviceability of the cartridge 9 turns on, otherwise the red LED - indicator of the serviceability of the cartridge 9 lights up, signaling a malfunction of the cartridge. Thus, the device indicates the serviceability of the controlled cartridge or electric detonator with active resistance in its secondary circuit from 0.3 Ohm to 1.0 Ohm by turning on the green LED on the control unit, and the device indicates a malfunction of the controlled cartridge or electric detonator with active resistance in its secondary circuit less than 0.3 Ohm and more than 1.2 Ohm, by turning on the red LED on the device control unit. The operating frequency of the device is (10-15 ± 3) kHz.

Claims (1)

A device for testing cartridges and electric detonators, containing a housing, a control unit, a measuring unit and a power supply containing lithium-ion batteries, characterized in that the control unit contains a power switch, a cartridge serviceability indicator, a control button for a sealed PGN, a control button for an explosive PVPD -N, is connected to the power supply and the measuring unit using a patch cable, the measuring unit, in turn connected to the power supply, contains terminals for connecting the explosive PVPD-N cartridge, a connection socket for the sealed PGN cartridge, a battery charge indicator, and a strobe operational amplifier LM311 ( DA4), which with its output through the power bus is connected to the output of optocoupler 4N33 (DA5), while optocoupler 4N33 (DA5) is connected with its output through a resistor connected to it to the output of the STM32F401CCU6 (DD4) microcontroller, and to the outputs of analog-to-digital converters of the STM32F401CCU6 microcontroller (DD4) trimming resistors are connected, with the ability to set reference resistance ranges by changing the value of the reference voltage at the inputs of analog-to-digital converters of the STM32F401CCU6 (DD4) microcontroller.