RU2807127C1 - Method of power supply for passenger cars of a special train of the railway troops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway.

SUBSTANCE: method of power supply to passenger cars of a special train of the Railway Troops is that solar panels installed on the roof of the passenger car are used as a source of electrical energy, providing power to consumers in the car and charging the battery using a controller. In this case, to ensure the most favourable position of the solar panels relative to the sun, a tracking device is used, consisting of a convex hemisphere on the roof of the car, on which photocells that receive solar energy are located, a control unit and servomotors for the longitudinal and transverse inclination of the solar panels.

EFFECT: almost complete autonomy of passenger cars of special trains.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to the field of railway transport, namely to promising methods of power supply to passenger cars as part of special trains designed to carry out tasks of escorting military trains and carrying out restoration work at railway transport facilities in emergency situations and armed conflicts. This problem can be solved by using promising sources of electrical energy, such as solar panels.

The specificity of the operation of special trains is that very often they perform work to restore railway tracks or escort military trains at low speeds or while at rest, and a shunting diesel locomotive is used as traction force.

As is known, there are several ways to power passenger cars with electricity. Thus, with a centralized system, power comes from the locomotive, which in our case is impossible, since the shunting diesel locomotive does not have the ability to connect external consumers. When performing work at low speeds or when standing still, the undercar generator used in passenger cars will not work, since its operation requires a speed of at least 35 km/h.

There is a known method of powering a load with direct current using solar panels (patent RU 2 287 885 C1) through a stabilized converter, which provides an additional voltage source (voltage booster element) in the circuit of the primary source (solar battery), increasing the efficiency of its use, and the inclusion of an additional voltage source in work is performed when the voltage of the solar battery decreases by an amount not less than the voltage of the additional source.

There is a known method of charging a battery from a solar battery (patent RU 2 479 091 C1), which includes taking part of the power generated by the solar battery by converting part of the electric current flowing through the solar battery, forming an additional voltage source in the solar battery circuit, and turning on an additional voltage source when the voltage of the solar battery decreases, characterized in that they additionally select part of the power generated by the solar battery by converting part of the electric current flowing through the battery, forming an additional current source parallel to the solar battery, and the additional voltage source is turned on when the voltage of the solar battery decreases to value less than the specified battery charging voltage, and when the solar battery voltage exceeds the battery charging voltage, turn off the additional voltage source and turn on the additional current source.

As a disadvantage of the presented methods for power supply of passenger cars of a special train, it should be noted the complexity of electrical circuits, the presence of additional voltage sources (voltage booster elements) and current sources, the presence of which is not necessary for power supply of passenger cars of a special train from solar panels, since in this case they provide constant values current and voltage under favorable weather conditions.

According to the power supply method (https://energo.house/sol/solnechnye-batarei-na-dachu.html?), the solar power plant uses a network inverter that converts direct current from panels or batteries into alternating current 220 V to power consumers. Since charging the battery of a passenger car and powering its consumers is carried out with direct current, there is no need for a network inverter.

The most similar option for using solar panels in the power system of passenger cars is a technical solution (patent RU 116108 U8), applicable for the ventilation system of a passenger car, containing a centralized ventilation system, characterized in that it is equipped with an additional ventilation system, including a supply air supply connected to the central processing unit. and exhaust fans connected by batteries connected to photovoltaic generators mounted on the roof of the car and to controllers.

The proposed technical solution is intended to supply power to consumers of a passenger car (6) and consists of solar panels (1), combined into a solar battery and installed on the roof of the car (8) with a tracking device that ensures the optimal angle of inclination of the solar panels relative to the sun, connected to an autonomous system carriage power supply.

The tracking device consists of a convex hemisphere (9) on the roof of the car (8); on which photocells (10) that perceive solar energy, a control unit and servomotors for the longitudinal (11) and transverse (12) tilt of the solar panels (1) are located.

The solar panel is attached to the frame (14) through an axis fixed on one side in a support with a bearing (13), and on the other to a support with a built-in servomotor for longitudinal tilt of the solar panel (12). The frame itself (14) is attached to the roof of the car through stops (15), in which supports with bearings are fixed on one side, and a support with a built-in servomotor for the transverse tilt of the solar panel (12) on the other. Thus, the solar panel has two degrees of freedom, which allows it to tilt towards the sun within certain limits.

Since each of the photocells (10) on the hemisphere (9) is installed at a different angle to the sun, they receive different amounts of solar energy and, accordingly, each photocell produces a different amount of electricity. Each photocell corresponds to a certain position of the solar panel (and it is equal to the angle of inclination of the photocell itself on a convex hemisphere (9). Based on the intensity of the incoming light to each photocell in the control unit, the optimal angle of inclination of the solar panels (1) is determined. The command from the control unit is sent to the longitudinal servomotors (11) and transverse (12) inclination of solar panels (1), as a result of which they are installed at the most favorable angle to the sun, at which the largest amount of solar energy falls on the solar battery.

Power from the solar battery is supplied to the controller, and from it goes to charge the batteries.

The controller regulates the voltage and current coming from the solar panel to maintain proper charging quality of the storage battery. It also powers the servo motor drives needed to rotate the solar panels.

Since the voltage generated by solar panels can be higher than the battery voltage, it is advisable to install a solar controller such as Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). The connection of solar panels is carried out in a mixed way, that is, in series and in parallel using MC4 type connectors, which ensure good contact and tightness of the connection.

Thus, the presented method of supplying power to passenger cars of a special train using a solar battery connected to the autonomous power system of the car makes it possible to ensure almost complete autonomy of passenger cars of special trains.

The essence of the proposed method for power supply to passenger cars of a special train is illustrated in figures 1-4.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the operation of the proposed technical device:

pos. 1 - solar panels;

pos. 2 - battery of a passenger car;

pos. 3 - controller;

pos. 4 - consumers of the passenger car;

pos. 5. - servomotors,

Figure 2 shows a general view of solar panels mounted on the roof of a passenger car:

pos. 1 - solar panels;

pos. 6 - passenger car body;

pos. 7 - protective casing

pos. 8 - roof of a passenger car

pos. 9 - convex hemisphere

pos. 10 - photocells.

A general view of the solar battery in a protective casing is shown in Figure 3:

pos. 1 - solar panel;

pos. 7 - protective casing

The solar panel tilting mechanism is shown in Figure 4:

pos. 1 - solar panels;

pos. 11 - support with a built-in servomotor for longitudinal tilt of the solar panel;

pos. 12 - support with a built-in servomotor for transverse tilt of the solar panel;

pos. 13 - support with bearing

pos. 14 - frame;

pos. 15 - stops

Information sources

1 Patent RU 2 287 885 C1

2 Patent RU 2 479 091 C1

3 https://energo.house/sol/solnechnye-batarei-na-dachu.html?

4 Patent RU 116108 U8

Claims (1)

A method of power supply to passenger cars of a special train of the Railway Troops, which consists in using solar panels installed on the roof of a passenger car as a source of electrical energy, providing power to consumers in the car and charging the battery using a controller to ensure the most favorable position of the solar panels relative to suns use a tracking device consisting of a convex hemisphere on the roof of the car, on which photocells that receive solar energy are located, a control unit and servomotors for the longitudinal and transverse inclination of the solar panels.