RU2806829C1 - Plant for separating birch bark from bast - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: timber industry.

SUBSTANCE: equipment for separating birch bark from bast. The device is equipped with a housing, inside of which, on one side, drive grooved rollers are fixed, connected by means of couplings and pneumatic motors to the compressor, and on the opposite side - pressure rollers mounted on rocker arms, at the free ends of which springs connected to the housing are installed. At the same time, a chain conveyor is installed below the body, consisting of several sections and connected through a coupling and a pneumatic motor with a compressor, and pallets are installed under the conveyor for collecting birch bark and bast.

EFFECT: quality of birch bark is improved, the design is simplified, and energy intensity is reduced.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the timber processing industry, in particular to equipment for separating birch bark from bast.

There are known technical solutions (A.S. No. 935297, A.S. No. 743867) containing a frame, a drum with loading and unloading windows, a rotor with knives, counter knives and a drive.

The main disadvantages of these designs are the high metal consumption and bulkiness of the structure.

A technical solution is known (AS USSR No. 1209442, class B27L 11/02), including a frame, a separating drum, a receiving hopper and a receiving device for bast and birch bark, a working element and a drive, the working element is made in the form of a number of horizontal pairs of rollers having alternating depressions and teeth located along their generatrices and circles, the pitch and height of which decreases for each subsequent pair along the direction of supply of bast and birch bark, while the teeth of one roller of each pair are located in the depressions of the other roller, and one of the rollers of each pair is spring-loaded relative to the other.

The disadvantage of the device is the complexity of the design and high material consumption.

A known technical solution (patent No. 2505397 class B27L 11/02) equipped with two vertical splined shafts. On one of the splined shafts there are fixedly mounted ellipsoidal rollers, the generatrix of which has teeth and cavities. On another splined shaft opposite the fixed rollers there are rollers of a similar shape with the ability to change position in the vertical plane. Both shafts have the ability to counter-rotate via a belt drive from an electric motor.

The disadvantage of the device is the complexity of the design and high material consumption.

A technical solution is known, chosen by the authors as a prototype (patent No. 2581877 class B27L 11/02) including a frame, a receiving hopper and receiving devices for bast and birch bark. The device is equipped with two sections. Each section contains a housing. Drive corrugated rollers are attached to the housing on one side. An industrial vibrator is attached to the opposite side of the housing. The drive grooved rollers are connected via a chain transmission and a bevel gearbox to an electric motor. Both sections are mounted on a common frame and separated from each other by means of springs. The drive grooved rollers of the sections are installed with the possibility of counter-rotation.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of separation of birch bark from bast, reduce energy intensity and increase the reliability of the structure.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with a housing, inside of which, on one side, drive grooved rollers are fixed, connected by means of couplings and pneumatic motors to the compressor, and on the opposite side - pressure rollers mounted on rocker arms, at the free ends of which springs are installed connected to the housing, with In this case, a chain conveyor is installed below the body, consisting of several sections and connected through a coupling and a pneumatic motor with a compressor, and to collect separated birch bark and bast, pallets are installed under the conveyor.

The present invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig. 1 shows a side view (section); in fig. Figure 2 shows a front view (section).

The present invention contains a housing 1, inside of which, on one side, drive grooved rollers 2 are fixed, connected by means of couplings 3 and pneumatic motors 4 with a compressor 5, and on the opposite side - pressure rollers 6, mounted on rocker arms 7, at the free ends of which springs 8 are installed connected to the housing 1, while below the housing 1 there is a chain conveyor 9, consisting of several sections 10 and connected through a coupling 11 and a pneumatic motor 12 with a compressor 5, and for collecting separated birch bark and bast, pallets 13 and 14 are installed under the conveyor 9.

The operation of the installation for separating birch bark from bast is carried out as follows.

The separated birch bark is fed into the receiving hopper 15, then it moves to the first pair of rollers 2 and 6. When the teeth of the rollers interact, the bark is subjected to deformation and the fragile bast layer is destroyed. After passing through the first pair of rollers, the bark falls on the second pair and so on, which leads to a qualitative destruction of the bast and its separation from the birch bark.

The entire mass of bark, which has sequentially passed through all pairs of rollers, is then divided into birch bark and bast using a chain conveyor 9, since there are gaps between the section chains; the bast passing through them ends up in pallet 13, and the birch bark is discharged into pallet 14. Birch bark and bast particles from the receiving devices are subsequently sent to the next technological streams.

The use of the proposed device makes it possible to improve the quality of birch bark, simplify the design, and reduce energy intensity.

Claims (1)

An installation for separating birch bark from bast, including a housing, corrugated rollers, a receiving hopper and receiving devices for bast and birch bark, characterized in that the device is equipped with a housing, inside of which drive corrugated rollers are fixed on one side, connected by means of couplings and pneumatic motors to a compressor, and on the opposite side - pressure rollers mounted on rocker arms, at the free ends of which springs are installed, connected to the body, while a chain conveyor is installed below the body, consisting of several sections and connected through a coupling and a pneumatic motor with a compressor, and for collecting separated birch bark and bast Pallets are installed under the conveyor.