RU2806574C1 - Reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the designs of unmanned aerostatic aircraft. The reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle contains a shell with cylinders filled with lifting gas, made in the form of a wing, two electric motors, and solar panels located on the upper surface of the wing. At the top in the middle part of the wing there are communication and control system blocks. The wing is attached to the frame. Under the wing, on each side of the frame, there are electric motors with pushing propellers, and a replaceable mesh container is attached inside the frame. In the mesh container, along the edges there are elastic containers filled with lifting gas, and in the centre there is an elastic container, inside of which there is an electric pump connected to the atmosphere through a system of air valves. A rechargeable battery and a replaceable set of surveillance equipment are attached to the lower outer surface of the mesh container.

EFFECT: expanded capabilities of surveillance equipment to identify enemy targets, increased survivability and resistance to electronic and mechanical influences.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of aviation technology and is intended for long-term reconnaissance using a wide range of surveillance equipment.

In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicles have gained enormous popularity, especially in the most developed countries of the world. The scope of application of drones is quite wide. They are actively developing, there are a large number of varieties of these devices, and the creation of new ones and the improvement of existing ones continue. Unmanned aerial vehicles are actively used in various fields of activity. In military affairs, they are used for reconnaissance, adjusting fire and striking, shooting the coordinates of enemy objects, measuring distances and areas; they have proven themselves well in various military conflicts.

In this regard, increasing attention is being paid to the characteristics of unmanned aerial vehicles, their versatility, the ability to perform a wide range of tasks for a long time, the ability to control the situation and deliver cargo with various weight and size characteristics over long distances. The use of new technical solutions will increase the operational characteristics of aircraft, increase the flight time and, accordingly, the flight range, will allow for better solution of existing problems and opens up prospects for new forms and methods of use by replenishing energy reserves in flight.

A lighter-than-air unmanned aerial vehicle is known (patent RU No. 2600556 of 2015), containing a fuselage consisting of frames and stringers, covered on top with a film with a silicon solar battery, in the fuselage compartment there is an elastic, airtight shell, inside of which there is a reservoir with lifting gas under pressure, equipped with a bleed valve, and a compressor.

The disadvantage of this device is the limited ability to maneuver in the horizontal plane, and, as a rule, special devices and enclosed spaces are required for parking and parking.

A gliding aerostat is also known (patent RU No. 2104214 of 1998), containing a first aerostatic shell, the cavity of which is filled with helium, a second aerostatic shell, gas burners for filling the second aerostatic shell with warm air with hot air, a suspension system and straps for attaching the suspension system to the aerostatic shell shell. The first aerostatic shell has the shape of a wing, the second aerostatic shell is made up of cylindrical and conical parts, equipped with a volume compensator, which is located in the cavity of the cylindrical part of the aerostatic shell, the side surface of which is located in front of the leading edge of the wing to form a slot channel, the walls of which are connected to a double-sided control line To seal the slot channel, the control line is passed through the side edges of the flexible wing and connected to the slot control ring, and the gas burners are located under the conical part of the second aerostatic shell.

The disadvantage of this device is the use of air heating for flight, which requires an additional supply of fuel, and has low speed and maneuverability during takeoff and landing.

A combined aircraft is also known (patent RU No. 2578834 from 2016), having a balloon with a rigid frame, ballonets and carrying gas, a suspension system, a supporting platform with a cargo-passenger cabin, controls, engines, electrical equipment and measuring instruments. The balloon is composed of two shells connected by a transverse cylindrical hinge and made with the possibility of rotation and fixation in the form of a wing with an aerodynamic profile or in the form of an A-shaped figure with an opened fairing, the suspension system includes rigid and flexible elements and is made with the possibility of transformation and fixation, engines installed with the possibility of changing the direction of their thrust vectors at an angle from 0° to 360° in the vertical plane and fixing.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the design; takeoff and landing are carried out at airfields equipped with special technical means, with the help of service personnel.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a folding airship - an airplane (patent RU No. 2752326 of 2021), containing a soft shell with cameras, made in the form of a high aspect ratio wing with a subsonic aerodynamic profile, two inflatable keels with two rudders, one an elevator, at least two power units consisting of electric motors and feathering propellers, solar panels located on the upper surface of said wing, communication and command control units, as well as a payload container, wherein said chambers are configured to be filled with carrier gas and its pumping, the mentioned power units, blocks and container are made removable, and the mentioned wing is made with the possibility of folding into an accordion.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the design; takeoff and landing are carried out at airfields equipped with special technical means.

The objective of the invention is to create a reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle that has the ability to take off without a run and land without a run, the ability to select and change the altitude above a given point, maneuverability and controllability in flight, the ability to stay in the air for a long time and replenish electricity in flight, and use various surveillance equipment.

The technical result is to expand the capabilities of surveillance equipment to identify enemy targets, increase survivability and resistance to electronic and mechanical influences.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that the reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle contains a shell with cylinders filled with lifting gas, made in the form of a wing, two electric motors, solar panels located on the upper surface of the wing. At the top in the middle part of the wing there are communication and control system blocks. The wing is attached to the frame. Under the wing, on each side of the frame, there are electric motors with pushing propellers, and a replaceable mesh container is attached inside the frame. In the mesh container, along the edges there are elastic containers filled with lifting gas, and in the center there is an elastic container, inside of which there is an electric pump connected to the atmosphere through a system of air valves. A rechargeable battery and a replaceable set of surveillance equipment are attached to the lower outer surface of the mesh container.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawing, where in FIG. 1 and Fig. Figure 2 shows a diagram of a reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle, where:

1 - communication and control system blocks;

2 - solar panels;

3 - cylinders with lifting gas;

4 - electric motors with pushing screws;

5 - frame;

6 - replaceable mesh container;

7 - replaceable surveillance equipment;

8 - battery.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows a diagram of a replaceable mesh container (6) of a reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle with variable lift, where:

9 - elastic container connected to the atmosphere;

10 - elastic containers filled with lifting gas;

11 - electric pump;

12 - air valve system.

The invention works as follows: in preparation for performing tasks, the necessary surveillance equipment and their weight and size characteristics are determined. Taking into account the already existing mass of elements of a reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle and the capabilities of lifting a wing made of cylinders with lifting gas (3), the volume of the required lifting gas in elastic containers (10) and, accordingly, the volume of a replaceable mesh container (6) are calculated. Elastic containers (10) are filled with the required amount of lifting gas. To prevent a premature launch of a reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle, an elastic container (9) connected to the atmosphere through an electric pump (11) and a system of air valves (12) is also filled with atmospheric air.

The electric pump (11) is turned on, the system of air valves (12) blocks the bleeding of air and the elastic container (9) is filled with atmospheric air, increasing in volume and compressing the elastic containers (10) filled with lifting gas. Replaceable surveillance equipment (7) and a charged battery are hung. The reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle is ready to take off.

The start is carried out by decreasing the volume of the elastic container (9), filled with atmospheric air, and increasing the volume of the elastic containers (10), filled with lifting gas. The electric pump (11) is turned on, the air valve system (12) opens the air bleed and the elastic container (9) is freed from air, the volume decreases and the free space is occupied by elastic containers (10) increasing in volume, filled with lifting gas. The flight altitude is regulated by the communication and control system (1), changing the volume of atmospheric air in the elastic container (9). The route of movement is set by the communication and control system (1) according to pre-entered data or received during the flight. Horizontal movement along the route is carried out using two electric motors with pusher screws (4) that compensate for the deviation due to their operation with different powers.

The information collected during operation is transmitted to the control point through the communication and control system blocks (1).

All electronic devices are powered by charging the battery (8), which replenishes the energy reserve during the flight from solar panels (2) located on the upper surface of the lifting gas cylinders (3).

When the landing tasks are completed, the electric pump (11) is turned on, the air valve system (12) stops the bleeding of air and the elastic container (9) is filled with atmospheric air, increasing in volume and compressing the elastic containers (10) filled with lifting gas. The lifting force is reduced and the reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle lands on the frame supports (5), which prevent damage to the payload on the ground.

A reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of autonomously and effectively using various interchangeable payloads (control, surveillance, relay, destruction, etc.) for a long time due to the possibility of replenishing and accumulating energy reserves.

Claims (1)

A reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle containing a shell with cylinders filled with lifting gas, made in the form of a wing, two electric motors, solar panels located on the upper surface of the wing, characterized in that the communication and control system units are located on top in the middle part of the wing, the wing is attached to frame, under the wing, on each side of the frame, there are electric motors with pushing screws, and inside the frame there is a replaceable mesh container, in which elastic containers filled with lifting gas are located at the edges, and in the center there is an elastic container, inside of which there is an electric pump connected to the atmosphere Through a system of air valves, a battery and a replaceable set of surveillance equipment are attached to the lower outer surface of the mesh container.

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