RU2805481C1 - Acoustic emitter for luring marine hydrobionts - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aquatic organisms.

SUBSTANCE: acoustic emitter for luring marine hydrobionts includes a housing containing a frame made of plastic resistant to prolonged vibrations, a fairing with holes for cooling internal structures located around the frame, while at the perimeter of the frame there are at least three electromagnetic coils with cooling channels, operating, respectively, in three different frequency ranges of an equal power signal applied to them, fixed on magnetic cores with a gap, while a neodymium permanent magnet is placed in each magnetic gap of the magnetic cores, on which a mounting plate made of flexible plastic, while each mounting plate outside the emitter fairing is equipped with radiating plates, different from each other in shape and mass, made of sheet material resistant to sea or fresh water.

EFFECT: increased reliability of the emitter.

5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of hydroacoustics and can be used in devices for emitting signals of various frequencies. Can be used to attract and repel aquatic organisms, as a means of active noise suppression, underwater tomography as a signal source or as part of an active acoustic array.

State of the art

An acoustic underwater electromagnetic emitter is known from the prior art (RU 57645 publ. October 27, 2006), which is a sealed housing containing an electromagnet, two springs and a radiating plate, while the radiating plate is movably installed in one of the sides of the housing and connected to the armature of the electromagnet, and the springs are installed with the possibility of rotation in mutually opposite directions around axes located perpendicular to the direction of vibration of the radiating plate, connected to the radiating plate through rolling bearings and have a cross-section that provides a given change in rigidity in the direction of strip-parallel vibration of the radiating plate.

The closest to the claimed one is a radiator consisting of two round curved radiating plates, movably and hermetically connected to each other through an elastic seal. An electromagnet is located inside the volume formed by the plates. The halves of the electromagnet core with a given gap between each other are fixed on the inner side of the radiating plates, providing a given resonant frequency of the radiation. On the outer side of the plates there are springs, rigidly fixed in the center to the center of the radiating plates, and along the periphery to each other. The springs are metal strips of rectangular cross-section, and are designed to provide the necessary rigidity of the suspension of the radiating plates to obtain a given frequency of the mechanical resonance of the oscillating masses (Penkin SI. Development of low-frequency emitters and their use in technical systems for acoustic tomography of the ocean. Sat. Marine technologies. Vol. 4. Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 2001).

However, the design of the known emitter makes it possible to generate sound of one frequency with the possibility of changing it at a level of 0.707, approximately ±15%, from the central one. In these emitters, to change the radiation frequency, it is also necessary to change the suspension rigidity of the radiating plates, which is only possible by changing the stiffness of the springs by replacing them, which requires disassembling the emitter.

Disclosure of the Invention

The problem to be solved by the claimed invention is the creation of an acoustic emitter with the ability to create complexly modulated oscillations of a wide spectrum and change the oscillation frequency without the risk of overload within the declared range and without disassembling the emitter.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the reliability of the emitter while simplifying the implementation of the purpose.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that an acoustic emitter is claimed for luring marine aquatic organisms, which includes a housing containing a frame made of plastic that is resistant to long-term vibrations, a fairing with holes for cooling internal structures located around the frame, and along the perimeter the frame contains at least three electromagnetic coils with cooling channels, operating, respectively, in three different frequency ranges of a signal of equal power supplied to them, mounted on magnetic cores with a gap, and a neodymium permanent magnet is placed in each magnetic gap of the magnetic cores, on which a mounting plate is fixed , made of flexible plastic, while on each mounting plate outside the radiator fairing, radiating plates of different shapes and weights, made of sheet material resistant to sea or fresh water, are installed.

In a particular case, the magnetic circuit is made of polymer concrete.

In particular cases, the radiating plates are made of polycarbonate or polyethylene or polypropylene or textolite or stainless steel or titanium.

In a particular case, the turns of the electromagnetic coil are wound directly onto the coil body.

In a particular case, the electromagnetic coil is impregnated with persistent impregnating resins.

Brief description of drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

Fig. 1 - General view of the acoustic emitter;

Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 - Electromagnetic module of the emitter in various sections;

Fig. 3 - Acoustic emitter, basic cut.

In the figures, the following structural elements and designations are indicated by numbers:

1 - Base mounting plate;

2 - Fairing;

3 - Bed;

4 - Holes in the fairing;

5 - Low-frequency emitting plate;

6 - Mid-frequency radiating plate;

7 - High-frequency emitting plate;

8 - Electromagnetic coil;

9 - Magnetic circuit;

10 - Permanent magnet;

11 - Magnetic circuit gap;

12 - Cooling channels;

13 - Front panel;

14 - Direction of cooling flow.

Carrying out the invention

The action of an acoustic underwater electromagnetic emitter is based on the oscillation of a permanent magnet in an alternating magnetic field.

The present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed below, but may be embodied in various forms. The summary of the invention set forth in the specification is nothing other than the specific details necessary to assist one skilled in the art in fully understanding the invention, and the present invention is defined within the scope of the appended claims.

A particular example of a technical implementation for obtaining mechanical vibrations of an acoustic underwater electromagnetic emitter is described below.

The emitter frame, which is the basis of the emitter body, is a rigid structure made of plastic that is resistant to long-term vibrations 3, a fairing, which is the shell of the amplifier, with holes for cooling the internal structures 2, emitters of different frequency ranges 5, 6, 7, in the form of plates of various sizes and shapes , acoustic emitter are made of sheet material resistant to sea or fresh water. Such materials include polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, textolites, stainless steel, Monel, titanium, etc.

The body of the electromagnetic coil 8 is made of material resistant to sea water.

The task of fairings 2, in addition to protective functions, is to create channels for the passage of sea fluid that are asymmetrical in terms of hydrodynamic resistance, which in the case of oscillatory motion of the acoustic emitter plate leads to the emergence of a flow in the area where the electromagnetic coils 8 and magnetic cores 9 are located, which in turn leads to their cooling.

In this emitter configuration, as a particular example, 12 coils of the same type are used, divided into three groups according to the ranges of the supplied signal.

This division is dictated by the convenience of production and installation; the general arrangement of the radiating elements is not of fundamental importance for achieving the stated technical result.

In this case, the minimum number of coils in the specified range is three, one per frequency range, which is an empirically obtained value.

The optimal mode for operation of this type of emitter is the preliminary division of the signal into low-frequency, mid-frequency and high-frequency ranges with the supply of the divided signal to the corresponding groups of coils.

Depending on the type of signal splitting selected, it is possible to connect the coils in series for a high voltage signal source.

The signal separation can be done by frequency filters or other means. The optimal signal separation ranges from a design point of view are 1-500 Hz, 500-3000 Hz, and 3000-15000 Hz of equal power for each range.

This makes it possible to supply the device with a wide spectrum signal, previously divided into the above ranges by frequency filters, without the risk of overload within the declared range, including complex modulated ones.

A cylindrical neodymium permanent magnet 10 is placed in the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit 11 of the solenoid of the electromagnetic coil 8 with cooling channels 12.

Cylindrical neodymium permanent magnet, is part of the base mounting plate 1 made of flexible plastic, resistant to prolonged vibration and prolonged exposure to fresh or sea water, acoustic underwater emitter. Magnetic core 9 made of ferrite polymer concrete is also part of the mechanical oscillatory system, acting as a support.

When an alternating voltage is applied to the electromagnetic coil (solenoid), the permanent magnet, limited by the elasticity of the base mounting plate 1, begins to oscillate in the gap of the magnetic circuit 12, thereby transmitting mechanical energy to the environment.

The resonant mechanical frequency of the above-described device depends on the shape and mass of the radiating plates 5, 6, 7, which are mounted on the base mounting plate 1, which makes it possible to adjust such a system in simple, easily technically feasible ways, for example, by drilling holes directly in the plate itself without disassembling or dismantling the emitter itself.

The electromagnetic coil 8 is made by winding turns of wire directly onto the coil body, which, firstly, makes the structure self-cooling during oscillation due to the channels 12 in the coil body, and secondly, due to the impregnation of the coil with resistant impregnating resins, it can be used without additional protection.

The magnetic core 9 of the electromagnetic coil is made of physically strong polymer concrete, in which ferrite waste is used as a filler, and a compound resistant to sea or fresh water is used as a binding material.

The implementation of such a solution gives us the opportunity to exclude moving elements from the emitter body itself by eliminating seals and sealing elements.

The implementation of the device is expressed in the use of submersible designs for the execution of all elements and in simplifying the design due to this, the use of materials resistant to water, including sea water, to create elastic structural elements.

The design of the device allows you to change the plates of the emitters both in case of external damage and in case of need to change the material or shape of the emitters without dismantling the entire amplifier.

Taking into account the features listed above, an acoustic underwater electromagnetic emitter can be used to attract aquatic organisms as a device that reproduces the sounds of attracting aquatic organisms (for example, food sounds). In this case, the luring sound can be obtained by simply playing a previously recorded signal.

The same approach can be used to repel aquatic organisms. To enhance the effect, as well as to create the illusion of aquatic life moving and noise suppression, the above device can be used as part of radiating phased arrays.

In underwater tomography, this device can be used as a signal source or as part of an active acoustic array.

Claims (5)

1. An acoustic emitter for luring marine aquatic organisms, which includes a housing containing a frame made of plastic resistant to long-term vibrations, a fairing with holes for cooling internal structures located around the frame, with at least three electromagnetic coils located along the perimeter of the frame with cooling channels operating, respectively, in three different frequency ranges of a signal of equal power supplied to them, mounted on magnetic cores with a gap, while a neodymium permanent magnet is placed in each magnetic gap of the magnetic cores, on which a mounting plate made of flexible plastic is fixed, with In this case, on each mounting plate outside the radiator fairing, radiating plates of different shapes and weights, made of sheet material resistant to sea or fresh water, are installed. 2. An acoustic emitter for luring marine aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic circuit is made of polymer concrete. 3. An acoustic emitter for luring marine aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiating plates are made of polycarbonate, or polyethylene, or polypropylene, or textolite, or stainless steel, or titanium. 4. An acoustic emitter for luring marine aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that the turns of the electromagnetic coil are wound directly onto the coil body. 5. An acoustic emitter for luring marine aquatic organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic coil is impregnated with persistent impregnating resins.