RU2804581C1 - Medical bracelet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to non-invasive and invasive sensors for monitoring and analyzing health status, used for quickly assessing human health, stress levels, as well as diagnosing infections and diseases, after collecting and analyzing biomaterial, as well as processing and transmitting data to cloud storage, which can be accessed by authorized users. A medical bracelet is proposed, containing a heart rate monitor, an infrared camera with a machine vision module, a microcontroller, an invasive module for supplying drugs and collecting biomaterial, a system for determining vital signs, and the system for determining vital signs contains a sensor for determining the oxygen content in the blood, a sensor for determining blood pressure, a sensor for determining lactate and glucose content, skin temperature and humidity sensor, motion sensor, invasive diagnostic sensor with a set of express tests, auxiliary system, while the auxiliary system includes a medication reminder module, GPRS modem, information storage module, GPS module, alarm module, and the output of the heart rate monitor, the output of the infrared camera with a machine vision module and the outputs of the vital signs detection system, as well as the output of the medication reminder module, the output of the GPS module are connected to the inputs of the multi-channel microcontroller, at the same time the first output of the microcontroller is connected to the input of the information storage module, the output of which is connected to the input of the GPRS modem, the second output of the microcontroller is connected to the input of the invasive module for supplying drugs and collecting biomaterial, the output of which is connected to the input of the alarm module.

EFFECT: invention improves the accuracy of determining human stress, the ability to diagnose a person's health status, his vital signs, as well as increasing the speed of rapid collection and analysis of biomaterial, processing the received information with the possibility of wireless data transmission in real time.

7 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of medicine, and more precisely to the field of non-invasive and invasive sensors for monitoring and analyzing health status, used for quickly assessing a person’s health status, stress level, as well as diagnosing infections and diseases, after collecting and analyzing biomaterial, as well as processing and transmitting data to cloud storage, which can be accessed by authorized users [A61B5/00, A61B5/02, A61B5/05, A61B5/746, A61B5/72, A44C5/0023, A61B5/0022].

A WEARABLE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT SYSTEM [CN108926346 (A), publ. 04.12.2018], containing a diagnostic module and a treatment module, wherein the diagnostic module is equipped with an ECG sensor, an EEG sensor on wearable equipment and a figure sensor, and the wearable equipment includes clothes, shoes, hats and accessories, wherein the ECG sensor is located on underwear or a T-shirt, the EEG sensor is located on the cap, the blood pressure sensor, sleep status monitor, exercise recorder and body temperature monitor are installed on the bracelet, and the micropedometer and weight sensor are installed on the shoes, the treatment module is equipped with a computer diagnostic and treatment terminal, and the computer treatment and diagnostic terminal The terminal is equipped with an operation and storage chip and an input device, an output device.

The disadvantage of this wearable system is the lack of an infrared camera with machine vision, which reduces the ability to determine the size of the pupil, and additional sources of information can be used to increase the accuracy of determining a person's stress. Another disadvantage of the analogue is the absence of an invasive module for drug delivery and collection of biomaterial and an invasive diagnostic sensor with a set of rapid tests, which together would help to increase the speed and prompt detection of diseases, prevent or relieve a critical condition in the user.

Known WATCHES FOR MONITORING VITAL SIGNS [CN113995391 (A), publ. 02/01/2022], containing a system for determining vital signs and a wristwatch, wherein the system for determining vital signs contains a module for determining the oxygen content in the blood, a module for determining heart rate, a module for determining blood pressure and an auxiliary system, a display screen, wherein the auxiliary system includes a gear data, key help call, nursing record and alarm function.

The disadvantage of these wristwatches is that they can only be used to assess the state of cardiac activity without taking into account the individual retrospective anamnesis and without taking into account the general health of the user.

Also known is the MEDICAL INTELLIGENT BRACELET [CN111671530 (A), PUBLISHED. 09/18/2020], containing a first connecting part, a second connecting part and an identification code located on the upper surface of the working part, in which a fall detection module, an operating mode conversion module, a controller, a storage module, a communication module, a positioning module, a vibration module, a module alarms, the first power module and the second power module are located in the working part, the patient information can be linked with the mobile phone APP, and the patient and family members can see the related information, the wrist strap can give day and night alarm before fall to alert the patient to protect key parts of the body such as head, etc., at the same time, the signal can be transmitted to the nurse's station for reminder, and can also be transmitted to the mobile phone of the patient's family members for timely rescue.

The disadvantage of the bracelet can be considered the lack of feedback from the doctor’s influence on the patient’s condition, which excludes the possibility of providing assistance in a critical situation. In addition, the presence of a GPS navigation receiver does not make it possible to determine the patient’s location in enclosed spaces, underground passages, or subways.

The closest in technical essence is the MULTIFUNCTIONAL WRIST STRAP [CN109953436 (A), PUBLISHED. 07/02/2019], containing a meter, a silica gel wrist strap and a controller, the front of the meter is equipped with a liquid crystal display, and the outer surface of the liquid crystal display is connected by tempered glass film, the upper left corner of the liquid crystal display is equipped with an indicator light, heart rate sensor, GPS -locator, whereby location information can be transmitted to the nurse's station via a wireless signal transmitter, for which the situation of the medical personnel's actions in relation to the patient is monitored in real time, control, acceleration sensor, the controller can control the buzzer and trigger an alarm, to attract the attention of the patient and medical personnel.

The main technical problem of the prototype, which contains a measuring device with a display, a strap, a controller, a light indicator, a heart rate sensor, an acceleration sensor, and a wireless data transmission module, is that the alarm about the onset of a critical state of the body can only be perceived by those who is located in close proximity to the alarm module, as well as the impossibility of timely determining not only the cause, but the time and place where the complication occurred, and therefore, promptly providing emergency medical care or notifying the point of duty medical service or the user's trusted representative.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the accuracy of determining human stress, the ability to diagnose a person’s health status, his vital signs, as well as increase the speed of rapid collection and analysis of biomaterial, processing the received information with the possibility of wireless data transmission in real time.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that a medical bracelet containing a heart rate monitor, an infrared camera with a machine vision module, a microcontroller, an invasive module for supplying drugs and collecting biomaterial, a system for determining vital signs, and the system for determining vital signs contains a sensor for determining the oxygen content in the blood , blood pressure sensor, lactate and glucose sensor, skin temperature and humidity sensor, motion sensor, invasive diagnostic sensor with a set of rapid tests, auxiliary system, wherein the auxiliary system includes a medication reminder module, GPRS modem, information storage module, GPS module, alarm module, and the output of the heart rate monitor, the output of the infrared camera with a machine vision module and the outputs of the vital signs detection system, as well as the output of the medication reminder module, the output of the GPS module are connected to the inputs of the multi-channel microcontroller, at the same time the first output of the microcontroller is connected to the input of the information storage module, the output of which is connected to the input of the GPRS modem, the second output of the microcontroller is connected to the input of the invasive module for supplying drugs and collecting biomaterial, the output of which is connected to the input of the alarm module.

In particular, the vital activity detection system contains a skin color detection sensor, a fall detection sensor, and a blood vessel location sensor.

In particular, a set of sensors of the vital activity detection system is located on the back of the medical bracelet in a straight line, parallel in several rows, along the perimeter of the bracelet or like a honeycomb.

In particular, the auxiliary system contains an alarm clock, a display, a data input unit, and an emergency battery.

In particular, the invasive module for drug delivery and biomaterial collection contains a set of replaceable medical needles.

In particular, a GPRS modem contains a processing unit, a transceiver, a processor, a Wi-Fi module, and a Bluetooth module.

In particular, the alarm module is equipped with an alarm button, a vibration alarm, a gas analyzer and a light and/or sound alarm.

Brief description of drawings

In fig. Figure 1 shows a general diagram of the transmission of an alarm signal from the vital signs detection system.

In fig. Figure 2 shows a general diagram of the system for determining vital signs and transmitting a signal to the auxiliary system.

In fig. Figure 3 shows an example of a medical bracelet on the front and back of the left hand.

Figure 3 shows: 1 - display; 2 - container with replaceable needles; 3 - clamp; 4 - inflatable retainer.

Carrying out the invention

The medical bracelet is a device with located sensors of the vital activity detection system, a heart rate monitor, an infrared camera with machine vision, a microcontroller, an invasive module for drug delivery and collection of biomaterial with a replaceable set of medical needles and an auxiliary system. The needle of the invasive module for drug delivery and collection of biomaterial is located on the inside of the bracelet and is closely adjacent to the skin. On the side of the medical bracelet there is a container with replaceable needles 3. In this case, the sensors of the vital activity detection system are located on the back side of the bracelet to ensure contact with the skin and can be arranged like a honeycomb.

In alternative embodiments of the invention, the sensors of the vital activity detection system can be located rectilinearly or parallelly in several rows, as well as along the perimeter of the bracelet.

The presented options for implementing the location of the sensors of the vital activity detection system make it possible to achieve a technical result, since it provides an increase in the accuracy of determining human stress, as well as the ability to diagnose a person’s health status, his vital signs, increase the speed of collection and analysis of biomaterial, as well as processing the information received.

In one embodiment, the medical bracelet has a Velcro-type fastener 3 on the thumb of the left hand, as well as an inflatable fastener with a pump 4 (See Fig. 3). On the back side of the medical bracelet there is a heart rate monitor with green LEDs to determine the heart rate, and on the front side of the bracelet there is a display 1 with a built-in infrared camera with a machine vision module to determine the size of the user’s pupil.

The vital activity detection system may include a blood oxygen sensor, a blood pressure sensor, a non-invasive biochemical native flow-type lactate and glucose sensor based on bioelectrochemical analysis of sweat composition, a non-invasive skin semiconductor sensor for skin temperature and humidity, a counting-based motion sensor steps, an invasive diagnostic sensor with a set of rapid tests that is capable of determining blood sugar levels, conducting a general blood test, determining alcohol content, determining the presence of diseases, and so on. Also, the set of sensors of the vital activity detection system can be supplemented with a skin color detection sensor, a fall detection sensor, and a sensor for determining the location of blood vessels.

To store and transmit information about the user’s condition, an auxiliary system is installed in the structure of the medical bracelet with an information storage module, a GPRS modem (SPD network) containing a processing unit configured to receive and process vital signs received by the sensors of the vital signs system, a transceiver and a processor configured to transfer processed vital signs to the point of duty medical care or the user’s trusted person. The auxiliary system also includes a medication reminder module, a GPS module to determine the user's location, as well as an alarm clock, a data input unit and an emergency battery. The blood vessel location sensor is located next to the invasive needle of the drug delivery and biomaterial collection module.

The mobile device can be connected to the phone wirelessly using a Wi-Fi module and/or Bluetooth module for continuous collection and streaming of information. All data is saved on cloud storage. As an emergency alert, the medical bracelet contains an alarm module equipped with a panic button, a vibration alarm, a gas analyzer, as well as a light and/or sound alarm.

The medical bracelet is used as follows.

Initially, the medical bracelet is fixed on the arm using a clamp 3 and an inflatable clamp 4, which is inflated by a built-in pump. To determine the level of stress, the user holds the invention with an infrared camera to the eye to measure the size of the pupil, while the heart rate monitor measures the heart rate. Also, the sensors of the vital activity detection system record values, which are then transmitted in the form of an electrical signal via communication channels to the microcontroller. Next, the microcontroller converts the values of the electrical signals of the sensors into measured readings of the user's health status and determines the value of his stress. Additionally, the process of scanning with a sensor to determine the location of blood vessels takes place, and then the biomaterial is collected using the needle of the drug supply and biomaterial collection module. The biomaterial is transferred through a microdropper in portions to an invasive diagnostic sensor with a set of rapid tests. After collecting and analyzing the biomaterial, as well as processing the information received, the data is transferred to the information storage module, in which the user’s health status readings corresponding to normal, threshold and critical conditions are pre-recorded and stored.

Under normal parameters of the user's health status, a text message is displayed to the user through display 1, and the information is duplicated on a cloud storage, to which the user himself, his trusted person and his attending physician have access.

In case of registration of threshold indicators of the user's health state, the microcontroller generates a warning signal, which is a message that provides current indications of the patient's health status, recommendations for the patient to reduce the likelihood of complications and transition to a critical state, while a vibration, light and sound warning signal is intended for the user himself, the point of emergency medical assistance and the authorized authorized representative of the user. The warning signal is then sent automatically over the GPRS modem transmission channels. If the operator of the emergency medical service point confirms the presence of threshold signs, he contacts the patient and gives him recommendations to prevent the transition of vital signs to a critical state. And if there is no connection with the patient, the operator of the medical emergency service station contacts the user’s trusted person and notifies him of the need to provide attention to the user with a medical bracelet.

If one of the current readings of the health status of the user of the medical bracelet is critical or deviates from the norm, the microcontroller generates an alarm signal, which includes a message with the current indicators of the sensors of the vital signs system, heart rate monitor, infrared camera with machine vision, as well as the invasive module supply of medicines and collection of biomaterial, his passport data, contact phone number of the user’s trusted person, location of the patient. The operator of the emergency medical service point, having confirmed the onset of a critical condition, sends an ambulance to the user’s place of stay, and also sends a message via cellular communication channels to the user’s trusted person about the provision of urgent assistance and the need to arrive at the user’s evacuation site.

When threshold and critical vital signs are registered, as well as deviations from the norm, the user himself, his trusted representative or the attending physician send a response signal to the invasive module for supplying drugs and collecting biomaterial to inject the drug. Additionally, the invasive drug delivery and collection module can be programmed to deliver regular, interval injections to maintain a constant drug concentration in the user's blood. The location of the invasive drug delivery and biomaterial collection module, as well as the sensor for determining the location of blood vessels, is determined depending on the individual characteristics of the user, as well as depending on the pharmacokinetics of the administered drug.

Example of use of the invention

One of the options for using a medical bracelet is remote use online to monitor the health status of drivers of official vehicles.

Before using the medical bracelet, the patient’s data is entered into the cloud storage database and information storage module: data from medical tests and the driver’s medical history, passport data, contact numbers and addresses of the user’s authorized representatives.

The medical bracelet is attached to the user’s body in such a way as not to have any constricting effects or interfere with movement. Before starting and during work, the driver of a service vehicle measures the level of indicators in the body, detects the presence of stress and records additional parameters of the body’s vital functions. If a dangerous condition is detected, the bracelet immediately issues warning signals to the driver and transmits data on the driver’s health status to the company’s supervising physician. The medical bracelet allows you to assess the risk of illness of the driver, assess fatigue, stress level and alcohol consumption using an invasive diagnostic sensor with a set of rapid tests.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the accuracy of determining human stress, the ability to diagnose a person’s health status, his vital signs, as well as increase the speed of rapid collection and analysis of biomaterial, processing the received information with the possibility of wireless data transmission in real time.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that a medical bracelet containing a heart rate monitor, an infrared camera with a machine vision module, a microcontroller, an invasive module for supplying drugs and collecting biomaterial, a system for determining vital signs, and the system for determining vital signs contains a sensor for determining the oxygen content in the blood , blood pressure sensor, lactate and glucose sensor, skin temperature and humidity sensor, motion sensor, invasive diagnostic sensor with a set of rapid tests, auxiliary system, wherein the auxiliary system includes a medication reminder module, GPRS modem, information storage module, GPS module, alarm module, and the output of the heart rate monitor, the output of the infrared camera with a machine vision module and the outputs of the vital signs detection system, as well as the output of the medication reminder module, the output of the GPS module are connected to the inputs of the multi-channel microcontroller, at the same time the first output of the microcontroller is connected to the input of the information storage module, the output of which is connected to the input of the GPRS modem, the second output of the microcontroller is connected to the input of the invasive module for supplying drugs and collecting biomaterial, the output of which is connected to the input of the alarm module.

There are two main ways to measure a person's stress level: by tracking heart rate variability (method 1) or by measuring a person's vital signs comprehensively (method 2). A comprehensive method for determining stress levels is based on recording readings from a heart rate monitor, an infrared camera with machine vision, a blood pressure sensor, a temperature and skin moisture sensor.

Based on this, we measured the user's stress level, first with the first method, then with the second method at regular intervals. During a series of measurements, the following results were obtained (See Table 1).

Table 1
Indicators of changes in sensors of the vital signs system Method 1 Method 2 Heart rate (bpm) Heart rate (bpm) Pupil dilation Blood pressure (mm Hg) Body temperature (°C) Body moisture Initial data 82 82 No 141/89 36.7 Average In 5 minutes 89 89 No 141/90 36.8 Average After 10 minutes 94 94 Yes 145/94 36.6 Average After 15 minutes 86 86 Yes 145/91 36.5 Average In 25 minutes 84 84 Yes 152/97 37.0 Increased In 30 minutes 90 90 Yes 153/96 36.9 Increased

Medical bracelets showed heart rate and other indicators and their variability - the difference between two consecutive measurements. To interpret the results, we used the stress level scale:

Constant minor changes in heart rate and indicators - no stress;

Less frequent, but more significant changes in heart rate and indicators - mild stress;

Constant significant changes in heart rate and indicators are severe stress.

The results show that when determined by method 1, there are constant minor changes in the heart rate value, and accordingly the user does not have stress. When using a complex method (method 2) with additional recording of pupil dilation, blood pressure level, body temperature and humidity, you can see that over time, changes in heart rate values are constant, but insignificant, and changes in pupil size, blood pressure, temperature and humidity skins are rare, but more significant. Consequently, the user is in a mild state of stress.

Additionally, to substantiate the technical result, an analysis was carried out for the presence of HIV in humans. The diagnosis was made using several types of analysis: a rapid study using the claimed invention, a laboratory study using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblotting and a PCR test. According to the results of the analysis, absolutely all of the above types of analysis showed the presence of the human immunodeficiency virus in the body. But the fastest and most effective analysis, which made it possible to establish the presence of HIV in the shortest possible time, turned out to be a rapid test using a medical bracelet due to a built-in invasive module for drug delivery and collection of biomaterial and an invasive diagnostic sensor with a set of rapid tests. The express study took about 15 minutes. At the same time, it took 1 day to obtain the results of the enzyme immunoassay, the immunoblotting method confirmed the presence of HIV in the human body in 6 days, and the period for obtaining the results of the PCR study was 9 days. Extended analysis times make it difficult to provide emergency medical care in a timely manner or notify the point of duty of the medical service or the user's trusted representative about the results of the analysis.

Thus, the claimed invention makes it possible to increase the accuracy of determining human stress due to the simultaneous measurement of pupil size and heart rate, as well as to facilitate the rapid diagnosis of a person’s health status, his vital signs, and also increases the speed of rapid collection, analysis of biomaterial and processing of the received information by approximately 500 times with real-time wireless data transmission capability.

Claims (7)

1. A medical bracelet containing a heart rate monitor, an infrared camera with a machine vision module, a microcontroller, an invasive module for drug delivery and collection of biomaterial, a system for determining vital signs, and the system for determining vital signs contains a sensor for determining the oxygen content in the blood, a sensor for determining blood pressure, a sensor determination of lactate and glucose content, skin temperature and humidity sensor, motion sensor, invasive diagnostic sensor with a set of rapid tests, auxiliary system, while the auxiliary system includes a medication reminder module, GPRS modem, information storage module, GPS module, module alarm, and the output of the heart rate monitor, the output of the infrared camera with a machine vision module and the outputs of the vital signs detection system, as well as the output of the medication reminder module, the output of the GPS module are connected to the inputs of the multi-channel microcontroller, at the same time the first output of the microcontroller is connected to the input of the storage module information, the output of which is connected to the input of the GPRS modem, the second output of the microcontroller is connected to the input of the invasive module for supplying drugs and collecting biomaterial, the output of which is connected to the input of the alarm module. 2. The medical bracelet according to claim 1, characterized in that the vital activity detection system contains a skin color detection sensor, a fall detection sensor, and a blood vessel location sensor. 3. Medical bracelet according to claim 2, characterized in that a set of sensors of the vital activity detection system is located on the back side of the medical bracelet in a straight line, parallel in several rows, along the perimeter of the bracelet or like a honeycomb. 4. Medical bracelet according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary system contains an alarm clock, a display, a data input unit, and an emergency battery. 5. Medical bracelet according to claim 1, characterized in that the invasive module for supplying drugs and collecting biomaterial contains a set of replaceable medical needles. 6. Medical bracelet according to claim 1, characterized in that the GPRS modem contains a processing unit, a transceiver, a processor, a WI-fi module, and a Bluetooth module. 7. Medical bracelet according to claim 1, characterized in that the alarm module is equipped with a panic button, a vibration alarm, a gas analyzer and a light and/or sound alarm.