CN115211833A - Noninvasive intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism monitoring device and method for patients with bone flap removal - Google Patents
Noninvasive intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism monitoring device and method for patients with bone flap removal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a noninvasive intracranial pressure and brain metabolism monitoring device for a patient with a bone flap, which comprises an external probe and a host; the external probe is bowl-shaped and evenly attaches a liquid silica gel layer from the bottom of the bowl mouth to the edge of the bowl mouth; a sensor module for detecting pressure and cerebral metabolic index is arranged between the inner wall of the bowl mouth of the external probe and the liquid silica gel layer; two groups of photosensitive sensing units are also arranged in the external probe; an activation circuit, an MEMS sensing circuit and a power supply circuit are arranged in the external probe; the host comprises a zero setting module and an interface module; the interface module is connected with the MEMS in a wireless or wired mode; the bowl mouth edge of the external probe is fixed on the upper side of a bone window of a patient with bone flap removed by removing the bowl mouth edge which can be torn away from the fixing layer and is attached to the outer side of the bowl mouth edge and is not transparent. The sensor module is used for monitoring the intracranial pressure and the brain metabolism, so that the monitoring requirement of a patient with a bone flap is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical monitoring equipment, and particularly relates to a noninvasive intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism monitoring device and method for a patient with a bone flap removed.
Background
Central lesions such as brain trauma, cerebrovascular accident and the like can cause edema of brain tissues, so that intracranial pressure is increased, overhigh intracranial pressure can further press the brain tissues, the consequences of ischemia, displacement and the like of the brain tissues are caused, and patients die in serious cases. Therefore, intracranial pressure monitoring is an important monitoring means for patients with craniocerebral disorders.
The existing device for monitoring intracranial pressure in real time is implanted invasive intracranial pressure monitoring. The method is to cut the scalp, punch a hole on the skull, then put a miniature pressure probe into the cranial cavity from the hole of the skull, and connect the special pressure measuring device at the rear end to continuously read the intracranial pressure. Although the reading acquired by the method is accurate, the surgical operation is invasive, the wound pain of the patient is large, and the implanted probe possibly causes complications such as intracranial hemorrhage, infection and the like.
Or the intracranial pressure is monitored by a non-invasive method, such as the non-invasive intracranial pressure detection technologies disclosed in the Chinese patent publication 01135697.9, "a non-invasive intracranial pressure monitor", 02104049.4, "an intracranial pressure detection device", etc., but all the non-invasive monitoring devices which can be searched at present indirectly estimate the intracranial pressure by other indications. For example, intracranial pressure is estimated by changes in the water content of brain tissue (electrical impedance method), brain tissue compression is estimated by changes in the flow rate of cerebral blood flow (doppler method), and local compression of brain tissue is estimated by nerve discharge (visual evoked potential method). All of these methods can only make rough assessment on the encephaledema and intracranial pressure changes, and can not clearly give exact numerical value of the intracranial pressure, so that the clinical application value is limited. More importantly, the final purpose of monitoring the intracranial pressure is to ensure normal blood and oxygen supply of the brain tissue, and because the blood and oxygen supply of the brain tissue has certain physiological self-regulation function when the intracranial pressure changes, the intracranial pressure and the brain metabolism do not correspond in a complete linear way, the intracranial pressure can not completely reflect the condition of ischemia and anoxia of the brain tissue, and the condition is a restriction factor which influences the use effect of intracranial pressure monitoring clinically.
There is a clinical patient, which is a patient after the operation of removing the bone flap. This type of patient is often characterized by significant intracranial pressure elevation and significant compression of the brain tissue, with the surgeon removing a portion of the skull to form a "window" through which the brain tissue can expand and partially relieve pressure. As shown in figure 1. The decompression by removing the bone flap is the most important operation mode for rescuing intracranial high-pressure patients, and after the operation, the intracranial pressure still needs to be closely monitored and the treatment needs to be timely adjusted according to the change of the intracranial pressure. For this kind of patients, the intracranial pressure can be directly transmitted to the skin surface because no skull block is present at the bone window, and doctors can only roughly judge the intracranial pressure condition by touching the hardness of the bone window with fingers.
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a non-invasive intracranial pressure and brain metabolism monitoring device and method for patients with bone flap.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a noninvasive intracranial pressure and brain metabolism monitoring device for a patient with a bone flap.
The invention provides a noninvasive intracranial pressure and brain metabolism device for a patient with a bone flap, which comprises an external probe and a host;
the external probe is bowl-shaped, and a liquid silica gel layer is uniformly attached to the edge of the bowl opening from the bottom of the bowl opening;
a sensor module for detecting pressure and cerebral metabolic index is arranged between the inner wall of the bowl opening of the external probe and the liquid silica gel layer;
the sensor module comprises a pressure sensing unit, an infrared sensing unit and a sonar sensing unit; the pressure sensing unit and the infrared sensing unit are used for monitoring intracranial pressure, and the sonar sensing unit is used for monitoring brain metabolism;
two groups of photosensitive sensing units are further arranged in the external probe, the first photosensitive sensing unit and the sensor unit are jointly arranged at the center of the bottom of the bowl opening of the external probe, the second photosensitive unit comprises at least one pair of photosensitive sensors, and the photosensitive sensors are symmetrically arranged at the edge of the bowl opening in the center;
an activation circuit, an MEMS sensing circuit and a power supply circuit are arranged in the external probe; the power supply circuit supplies power to the activation circuit and the second photosensitive sensing unit all the time, the power supply circuit receives a power supply signal sent by the activation circuit and then supplies power to the MEMS sensing circuit and the second photosensitive sensing unit, the two photosensitive sensing units are connected to the activation circuit, and the activation circuit is in communication connection with the MEMS sensing circuit
The activation circuit comprises a register and a signal sending module, wherein the register stores illumination data which are recorded by the first photosensitive sensing unit and the second photosensitive sensing unit and comprise timestamp information; the signal sending module is used for forwarding illumination data to the MEMS sensing circuit;
the MEMS sensing circuit is connected to the sensor module and is used for receiving and processing signals acquired by the sensor module;
the host comprises a zero setting module and an interface module;
the zero setting module is used for setting zero of signals from the sensor module and the photosensitive sensing unit;
the interface module is connected with the MEMS in a wireless or wired mode.
The bowl mouth border outside is attached the opaque can tear from the fixed bed, through getting rid of can tear and be fixed in bone window upside of going the lamella patient of bone with the bowl mouth border of external probe behind the fixed bed.
Furthermore, the MEMS sensing circuit is a chip circuit packaged by a semiconductor system-in-package technology, and includes an analog front end, a digital-to-analog converter, a control logic circuit, a register, and an interface circuit;
the MEMS sends the received sensor module signals to an analog front end for processing;
the control logic circuit controls the automatic sampling time interval of the sensor according to a preset value, and meanwhile, digital signals output by the digital-to-analog converter are averaged and then stored in a register;
the interface circuit is connected with the wired interface end and the wireless communication transmitting module.
Further, the zero setting module comprises a bridge matching resistor and a reset terminal capacitor, and the MEMS sensing circuit is in communication connection with the bridge matching resistor and the reset terminal capacitor.
Further, the interface module comprises a wireless communication module and a wired communication module;
the wired communication module adopts an I2C communication mode, the bridge matching resistor and the reset terminal load capacitor are connected with an R interface, and the MEMS sensor circuit is connected with a T interface;
the wireless communication module adopts a Bluetooth communication mode and is connected to the wireless communication transmitting module of the MEMS sensor.
Furthermore, an alarm module is arranged in the host machine, and sound and light warning is given out when intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism reading are abnormal.
Furthermore, the fixed layer that can tear off is 3M subsides.
The invention also provides a noninvasive intracranial pressure and brain metabolism monitoring method for the patient with the boneless flap, which comprises the following steps:
and 3, monitoring intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism values in real time by the host computer, and executing a decision tree according to the shown values.
Further, the performing self-test specifically includes the following steps:
step 1.1, stripping the peelable fixed layer, receiving an illumination signal by photosensitive sensors L1 and L2-LN in a second photosensitive sensing unit fixed at the edge of a bowl opening of an external probe, recording a time value when the signal is received by the photosensitive sensors when the intensity of the illumination signal is greater than a preset threshold value, and sending each time value to a register in an activation circuit, wherein N is the number of the sensors;
step 1.2, calculating the time difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the time value of each photosensitive sensor, and when the time difference is smaller than a preset threshold value, sending a first self-detection signal to a host and an activation circuit, wherein the host shows that the first self-detection is passed;
step 1.3, an activation circuit forwards the first self-checking signal to a first photosensitive sensor, the first photosensitive sensor is started, and a time signal and illumination signal intensity during starting are recorded;
when the illumination signal received by the first photosensitive sensing unit is lower than a preset threshold value and the illumination intensity received by the second photosensitive sensing unit is lower than the preset threshold value, the first photosensitive unit records a time signal;
step 1.4, calculating the time difference of the two groups of time signals recorded by the first photosensitive sensing unit in the step 1.3, and sending a second self-detection signal to a host and an activation circuit when the time difference is smaller than a preset threshold, wherein the host shows that the second self-detection is passed;
and 1.5, the activation circuit sends a signal to the MEMS sensing circuit and starts numerical acquisition.
Further, the executing the decision tree according to the shown numerical value specifically includes the following steps:
if the intracranial pressure is normal and the cerebral oxygen is normal, no alarm prompt is given;
if the intracranial pressure slightly rises to 20 to 30mmhg, the cerebral oxygen is normal, and no operation prompt is given;
if the intracranial pressure obviously rises and exceeds 30mmhg, and the cerebral oxygen is normal, alarming and prompting are carried out: the intracranial pressure is obviously increased, the intracranial pressure is controlled in time, and the change of cerebral oxygen is closely concerned;
if the intracranial pressure is increased and the cerebral oxygen is decreased, alarming and prompting are carried out: the high intracranial pressure causes the brain perfusion to be reduced, controls the intracranial pressure and ensures the oxygen perfusion of brain tissues;
if the intracranial pressure is normal and the cerebral oxygen is reduced, alarming and prompting are carried out: abnormal oxygen in brain tissue, attention should be paid to maintain circulation and ensure perfusion.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the invention monitors the accurate numerical value of intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism by the pressure sensing unit, the infrared sensing unit and the sonar sensing unit in the sensor module, thereby meeting the monitoring requirement of the patients with bone flap.
The invention is connected to the host through the sensor module and the MEMS sensing circuit, directly displays the accurate numerical values of intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism on the host, and executes diagnosis and treatment prompting and diagnosis and treatment means corresponding to the displayed numerical values through the decision tree, thereby simplifying monitoring and medical procedures.
The invention utilizes two groups of preset photosensitive sensors to indicate the unsealing and using time. In an initial state, one group of photosensitive sensors are located at the center of the probe, light sensation data with certain illumination intensity can be received in a normal state, and the other group of sensors cannot receive the light sensation data (or the light sensation data lower than the certain intensity) due to being shielded by the 3M paste. When the 3M sticker is torn, because the plurality of sensors are located in different directions and positions, the time for receiving the light sensation data is different among the sensors, and therefore a threshold value which can be allowed is set by taking the time difference as a reference, and when the time difference between the first time for receiving the light sensation data and the last time for receiving the light sensation data is within the allowed threshold value, the probe can be considered not to be enabled in advance, namely, the exposure risk does not exist. The cooperation of the centrally located photosensitive sensor with the edge photosensitive sensors indicates the time from unsealing to application to the patient, but may also indicate other conditions by changes in illumination and time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an external probe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of an external probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of an external probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of module connections within an external probe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of module connections of a zeroing module and an interface module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of module connection between a host unit and an interface module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, an external probe; 2. a sensor module; 3. a first photosensitive sensing unit; 4. a second photosensitive sensing unit; 5. and an external interface.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The non-invasive intracranial pressure and brain metabolism device for the patient with the bonesetting valve, which is provided by the embodiment, comprises an external probe and a host.
The external probe is bowl-shaped, and as shown in figures 1-3, a liquid silica gel layer is uniformly attached to the edge of the bowl opening from the bottom of the bowl opening; and a sensor module for detecting pressure and cerebral metabolic index is arranged between the inner wall of the bowl opening of the external probe and the liquid silica gel layer. The bowl mouth border outside is attached the opaque fixed layer that can tear, through getting rid of can tear from fixed layer (not shown in the figure) back with the bowl mouth border of external probe be fixed in bone window upside of bone lamella patient.
As shown in fig. 4, the sensor module includes a pressure sensing unit, an infrared sensing unit, and a sonar sensing unit; the pressure sensing unit and the infrared sensing unit are used for monitoring intracranial pressure, and the sonar sensing unit is used for monitoring brain metabolism.
Still be equipped with two sets of photosensitive sensing units in the external probe, first photosensitive sensing unit with the sensor unit is located jointly the bowl mouth bottom center department of external probe, the photosensitive unit of second includes at least a pair of photosensitive sensor, and is a pair of photosensitive sensor central symmetry sets up in bowl mouth border department.
An activation circuit, an MEMS sensing circuit and a power supply circuit are arranged in the external probe; the power supply circuit supplies power to the activation circuit and the second photosensitive sensing unit all the time, the power supply circuit receives a power supply signal sent by the activation circuit and then supplies power to the MEMS sensing circuit and the second photosensitive sensing unit, the two groups of photosensitive sensing units are connected to the activation circuit, and the activation circuit is in communication connection with the MEMS sensing circuit. The power supply circuit supplies power to the activation circuit all the time, and the purpose is that the second photosensitive sensing unit periodically collects illumination signals all the time and stores the illumination signals into the register; when the power supply signal is generated by enabling the activation circuit and receiving the self-checking signal, the design aims to reduce power supply energy consumption while ensuring monitoring and is used for indicating self-checking.
The activation circuit comprises a register and a signal sending module, wherein the register stores illumination data which are recorded by the first photosensitive sensing unit and the second photosensitive sensing unit and comprise timestamp information; the signal sending module is used for forwarding illumination data to the MEMS sensing circuit.
The MEMS sensing circuit is connected to the sensor module and receives and processes signals collected by the sensor module.
The host comprises a zeroing module and an interface module, as shown in fig. 5-6, the zeroing module is used for zeroing signals from the sensor module and the photosensitive sensing unit; the interface module is connected with the MEMS in a wireless or wired mode.
Furthermore, the MEMS sensing circuit is a chip circuit packaged by a semiconductor system-in-package technology and comprises an analog front end, a digital-to-analog converter, a control logic circuit, a register and an interface circuit; the MEMS sends the received sensor module signals to an analog front end for processing; the control logic circuit controls the automatic sampling time interval of the sensor according to a preset value, and meanwhile, digital signals output by the digital-to-analog converter are averaged and then stored in a register; the interface circuit is connected with the wired interface end and the wireless communication transmitting module.
The zero setting module comprises a bridge matching resistor and a reset terminal capacitor, and the MEMS sensing circuit is in communication connection with the bridge matching resistor and the reset terminal capacitor.
The interface module comprises a wireless communication module and a wired communication module; the wired communication module adopts an I2C communication mode, the bridge matching resistor and the reset terminal load capacitor are connected with an R interface, and the MEMS sensor circuit is connected with a T interface; the wireless communication module adopts a Bluetooth communication mode and is connected to the wireless communication transmitting module of the MEMS sensor.
The host computer is still including enlargiing the AD module, enlarge the AD module and include difference operational amplifier, MCU1 main control unit, first debugging interface and first agreement conversion chip, MCU1 main control unit is equipped with first AD interface, second AD interface, first group IO mouth, second group IO mouth and first serial ports, R interface connection difference operational amplifier's input, difference operational amplifier's output is connected first AD interface, T interface connection second AD interface, first debugging interface connection the IO mouth of second group, first agreement conversion chip are connected first serial ports.
The host computer still includes second protocol conversion chip, MCU2 main control unit, second debugging interface, display screen, button, memory, first switch, first power management module, and MCU2 main control unit is equipped with second serial ports, third group IO mouth, fourth group IO mouth, fifth group IO mouth and sixth group IO mouth, first protocol conversion chip is connected with second protocol conversion chip, and second protocol conversion chip still connects the second serial ports, second debugging interface connection third group IO mouth, the display screen is connected fourth group IO mouth, the button is connected fifth group IO mouth, the memory is connected sixth group IO mouth, first switch connects first power management module, and first power management module is MEMS sensor, zeroing module, interface module, enlargies AD module, second protocol conversion chip, MCU2 main control unit, second debugging interface, display screen, button, memory power supply.
Furthermore, an alarm module is arranged in the host machine, and sound and light warning is given out when the intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism reading is abnormal. The audible and visual warning is not limited to a beep, a display message warning, or a purely lighted warning.
Furthermore, the fixed layer that can tear off is 3M subsides. The 3M paste can leave a sticky colloidal layer after use, so that the embodiment is convenient to fix on a bone window.
The embodiment also provides a noninvasive intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism monitoring method for a patient with bone flap removal, which comprises the following steps:
and 3, monitoring intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism values in real time by the host, and executing a decision tree according to the shown values.
Further, the performing self-test specifically includes the following steps:
step 1.1, stripping the peelable fixed layer, receiving an illumination signal by photosensitive sensors L1 and L2-LN in a second photosensitive sensing unit fixed at the edge of a bowl opening of an external probe, recording a time value when the signal is received by the photosensitive sensors when the intensity of the illumination signal is greater than a preset threshold value, and sending each time value to a register in an activation circuit, wherein N is the number of the sensors;
step 1.2, calculating the time difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the time value of each photosensitive sensor, and when the time difference is smaller than a preset threshold value, sending a first self-detection signal to a host and an activation circuit, wherein the host shows that the first self-detection is passed;
step 1.3, an activation circuit forwards the first self-checking signal to a first photosensitive sensor, the first photosensitive sensor is started, and a time signal and illumination signal intensity during starting are recorded;
when the illumination signal received by the first photosensitive sensing unit is lower than a preset threshold value and the illumination intensity received by the second photosensitive sensing unit is lower than the preset threshold value, the first photosensitive unit records a time signal;
step 1.4, calculating the time difference of the two groups of time signals recorded by the first photosensitive sensing unit in the step 1.3, and sending a second self-detection signal to a host and an activation circuit when the time difference is smaller than a preset threshold, wherein the host shows that the second self-detection is passed;
and step 1.5, the activation circuit sends a signal to the MEMS sensing circuit and starts numerical value acquisition.
The invention utilizes two groups of preset photosensitive sensors to indicate the unsealing and using time. In an initial state, one group of photosensitive sensors are located at the center of the probe, the photosensitive data with certain illumination intensity can be received in a normal state, and the other group of sensors cannot receive the photosensitive data (or the photosensitive data with certain intensity is lower) due to being shielded by the 3M sticker. When the 3M sticker is torn, because the plurality of sensors are located in different directions and positions, the time for receiving the light sensation data is different among the sensors, and therefore a threshold value which can be allowed is set by taking the time difference as a reference, and when the time difference between the first time for receiving the light sensation data and the last time for receiving the light sensation data is within the allowed threshold value, the probe can be considered not to be enabled in advance, namely, the exposure risk does not exist. The cooperation of the centrally located photosensitive sensor with the edge photosensitive sensors indicates the time from unsealing to application to the patient, as well as other conditions may be indicated by changes in illumination and time.
Further, the executing the decision tree according to the shown numerical value specifically includes the following steps:
if the intracranial pressure is normal and the cerebral oxygen is normal, no alarm prompt is given;
if the intracranial pressure slightly rises to 20 to 30mmhg and the cerebral oxygen is normal, no operation prompt is carried out;
if the intracranial pressure is obviously increased and exceeds 30mmhg, and the cerebral oxygen is normal, alarming and prompting are carried out: the intracranial pressure is obviously increased, the intracranial pressure is controlled in time, and the change of cerebral oxygen is closely concerned;
if the intracranial pressure is increased and the cerebral oxygen is reduced, alarming and prompting are carried out: the high intracranial pressure causes the brain perfusion to be reduced, controls the intracranial pressure and ensures the oxygen perfusion of brain tissues;
if the intracranial pressure is normal and the cerebral oxygen is reduced, alarming and prompting are carried out: abnormal oxygen in brain tissue, attention should be paid to maintain circulation and ensure perfusion.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A noninvasive intracranial pressure and brain metabolism monitoring device for a patient with a bone flap is characterized by comprising an external probe and a host;
the external probe is bowl-shaped, and a liquid silica gel layer is uniformly attached to the edge of the bowl opening from the bottom of the bowl opening;
a sensor module for detecting pressure and cerebral metabolic index is arranged between the inner wall of the bowl opening of the external probe and the liquid silica gel layer;
the sensor module comprises a pressure sensing unit, an infrared sensing unit and a sonar sensing unit; the pressure sensing unit and the infrared sensing unit are used for monitoring intracranial pressure, and the sonar sensing unit is used for monitoring brain metabolism;
two groups of photosensitive sensing units are further arranged in the external probe, the first photosensitive sensing unit and the sensor unit are jointly arranged at the center of the bottom of the bowl opening of the external probe, the second photosensitive unit comprises at least one pair of photosensitive sensors, and the centers of the pair of photosensitive sensors are symmetrically arranged at the edge of the bowl opening;
an activation circuit, an MEMS sensing circuit and a power supply circuit are arranged in the external probe; the power supply circuit is used for supplying power to the activation circuit and the second photosensitive sensing unit all the time, the power supply circuit is used for supplying power to the MEMS sensing circuit and the second photosensitive sensing unit after receiving a power supply signal sent by the activation circuit, the two photosensitive sensing units are connected to the activation circuit, and the activation circuit is in communication connection with the MEMS sensing circuit;
the activation circuit comprises a register and a signal sending module, wherein the register stores illumination data which are recorded by the first photosensitive sensing unit and the second photosensitive sensing unit and comprise timestamp information; the signal sending module is used for forwarding illumination data to the MEMS sensing circuit;
the MEMS sensing circuit is connected to the sensor module and used for receiving and processing signals acquired by the sensor module;
the host comprises a zero setting module and an interface module;
the zero setting module is used for setting zero of signals from the sensor module and the photosensitive sensing unit;
the interface module is connected with the MEMS in a wireless or wired mode;
the bowl mouth border outside is attached the opaque fixed bed that can tear, through getting rid of can tear and be fixed in bone window upside of bone lamella patient from the bowl mouth border of external probe behind the fixed bed.
2. A noninvasive intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism monitoring device for a patient with bone flap removal as recited in claim 1, wherein the MEMS sensing circuit is a chip circuit packaged by semiconductor system-in-package technology, comprising an analog front end, a digital-to-analog converter, a control logic circuit, a register and an interface circuit;
the MEMS sends the received sensor module signals to an analog front end for processing;
the control logic circuit controls the automatic sampling time interval of the sensor according to a preset value, and meanwhile, digital signals output by the digital-to-analog converter are averaged and then stored in a register;
the interface circuit is connected with the wired interface end and the wireless communication transmitting module.
3. The non-invasive intracranial pressure and brain metabolism monitoring apparatus for a boneless patient according to claim 2, wherein the zeroing module includes a bridge matching resistor and a reset terminal capacitor, and the MEMS sensing circuit communicatively connects the bridge matching resistor and the reset terminal capacitor.
4. A non-invasive intracranial pressure and brain metabolism monitoring apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the interface module comprises a wireless communication module and a wired communication module;
the wired communication module adopts an I2C communication mode, the bridge matching resistor and the reset terminal load capacitor are connected with an R interface, and the MEMS sensor circuit is connected with a T interface;
the wireless communication module adopts a Bluetooth communication mode and is connected to the wireless communication transmitting module of the MEMS sensor.
5. A non-invasive intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism monitoring device, according to claim 1, wherein the mainframe is provided with an alarm module to give an audible and visual alarm when readings of intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism are abnormal.
6. The non-invasive intracranial pressure and brain metabolism monitoring apparatus for a patient with a bone flap removed according to claim 1, wherein the detachable fixation layer is a 3M patch.
7. A non-invasive intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism monitoring method for a patient with a bone flap removed is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, an external probe is connected to a host after self-checking is executed, and the host is reset to enable the intracranial pressure of the host to be read and represent zero;
step 2, fixing the external probe to the upper side of the bone window, and enabling a liquid silica gel layer of the external probe to be attached to the surface of the bone window;
and 3, monitoring intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism values in real time by the host, and executing a decision tree according to the shown values.
8. The method for noninvasive intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism monitoring for a patient with a bone flap according to claim 7, wherein the performing self-test comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, stripping the peelable fixed layer, receiving an illumination signal by photosensitive sensors L1 and L2-LN in a second photosensitive sensing unit fixed at the edge of a bowl opening of an external probe, recording a time value when the signal is received by the photosensitive sensors when the intensity of the illumination signal is greater than a preset threshold value, and sending each time value to a register in an activation circuit, wherein N is the number of the sensors;
step 1.2, calculating the time difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the time value of each photosensitive sensor, and when the time difference is smaller than a preset threshold value, sending a first self-checking signal to a host and an activation circuit, wherein the host shows that the first self-checking is passed;
step 1.3, an activation circuit forwards the first self-checking signal to a first photosensitive sensor, the first photosensitive sensor is started, and a time signal and illumination signal intensity during starting are recorded;
when the illumination signal received by the first photosensitive sensing unit is lower than a preset threshold value and the illumination intensity received by the second photosensitive sensing unit is lower than the preset threshold value, the first photosensitive unit records a time signal;
step 1.4, calculating the time difference of the two groups of time signals recorded by the first photosensitive sensing unit in the step 1.3, and sending a second self-detection signal to a host and an activation circuit when the time difference is smaller than a preset threshold, wherein the host shows that the second self-detection is passed;
and step 1.5, the activation circuit sends a signal to the MEMS sensing circuit and starts numerical value acquisition.
9. Method for non-invasive intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism monitoring for a patient with a valve removed according to claim 8, characterized in that said performing a decision tree according to the indicated values comprises in particular the following steps:
if the intracranial pressure is normal and the cerebral oxygen is normal, no alarm prompt is carried out;
if the intracranial pressure slightly rises to 20 to 30mmhg and the cerebral oxygen is normal, no operation prompt is carried out;
if the intracranial pressure obviously rises and exceeds 30mmhg, and the cerebral oxygen is normal, alarming and prompting are carried out: the intracranial pressure is obviously increased, the intracranial pressure is controlled in time, and the change of cerebral oxygen is closely concerned;
if the intracranial pressure is increased and the cerebral oxygen is decreased, alarming and prompting are carried out: the high intracranial pressure causes the brain perfusion to be reduced, controls the intracranial pressure and ensures the oxygen perfusion of brain tissues;
if the intracranial pressure is normal and the cerebral oxygen is reduced, alarming and prompting are carried out: abnormal oxygen in brain tissue, attention should be paid to maintain circulation and ensure perfusion.
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