RU2803811C1 - Annular jet propeller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: air and water propulsion

SUBSTANCE: annular jet propeller contains an annular disk with an oval surface shape and an additional disk of smaller diameter with a drive shaft installed under it on the same axis of symmetry with a gap. The propeller additionally contains a rotor, at the free end of which a screw is placed. The annular disk is rigidly connected to an additional disk of smaller diameter. The drive shaft is made hollow. The rotor is located inside the drive shaft of the disc of smaller diameter with the possibility of rotation in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the shaft. The additional disk of smaller diameter is made with an oval surface, and the annular gap between the annular disk and the additional disk of smaller diameter placed under it is made of decreasing cross-section as it moves away from their axis of symmetry.

EFFECT: increased traction, aerodynamic quality, change of the thrust vector.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the design of propulsors that use reactive force in combination with the ejection principle of creating a flow of air or liquid, and can be used to create highly economical, maneuverable, silent propulsors for both aircraft and floating vehicles.

Such propulsors can be used instead of propellers on helicopters, disc planes, drones, underwater, surface vehicles and other devices used for both military and peaceful purposes.

In this case, for example, a boat or underwater vessel can be driven by a bladed propeller, or a separate silent propulsion unit, or a combination version when the propeller and disk propulsion unit rotate simultaneously.

There are known cases of creating a helicopter using Stealth technology, but at the same time, the rotational movement of a large-diameter helicopter propeller due to the Doppler effect negates the stealth of such a helicopter.

The use of a disk propulsion device in its pure form, or with a pressure propeller inside the upper disk, will practically minimize the possibility of identifying and searching for a helicopter using the Doppler effect.

Such propulsors have mechanical, structural strength, rigidity and dimensions, driving and lifting forces that can be many times greater than similar screw structures.

There are known propulsors in which the joint use of both ejection and reactive forces is proposed. They are installed on the sides of the aircraft. They have controlled louvres and are located between the air cavities of the rear wings and exhaust nozzles, which, when opened with their surfaces, partially narrow the exhaust channels, increasing the flow rate of exhaust gases in this area, and thereby create an ejection effect for sucking air through the rear louvers from the upper plane of the rear wings , while ailerons are installed at the rear of the wings, and a keel and directional rudder are installed at the tail of the aircraft.

The propeller contains a body made in the form of a ring with a cavity, nozzles, the function of which is to supply air through them, and in each segment at the top and/or bottom of the wing there is at least one slot leading inside each segment, and the slots are made with the possibility of closing them by valves (RU933361, 04/27/2010). The disadvantage of this design is that, due to its design features, this propulsion unit can only work in tandem with another similar one.

A known propulsion device contains a housing made in the form of a ring-shaped disk and an additional disk and drive shaft placed under it with a gap (RU 2435707, 2011.12.10). The disadvantage of this propulsion design is that it creates noise from the blades of the drive screw located in its housing.

The closest in its technical essence is a propulsion device containing a ring-shaped disk with an oval surface and installed under it with a gap, on the same axis of symmetry, an additional disk of smaller diameter with a drive shaft (RU 2586180, 06/10/2016).

The disadvantages of this propulsion device include the fact that it develops insufficient force despite its large dimensions. This factor is caused by imperfections in the design of the air flow fairing.

The problem solved by the present invention is to increase the force, improve the aerodynamic quality, and change the thrust vector.

The technical essence of the proposed propulsion design is to increase thrust due to the imposition of a combination of ejection force of jet thrust created by the working fluid at the exit from the propulsion nozzle, which is located along the entire circumference of the main annular and additional disks of the housing.

This problem is solved by the fact that an annular jet propulsion device containing a ring-shaped disk with an oval-shaped surface and installed underneath on the same axis of symmetry with a gap, an additional disk of smaller diameter with a drive shaft , additionally contains a rotor at the free end of which a radial fan is installed, the ring-shaped disk is rigidly connected to an additional disk of a smaller diameter, the drive shaft is made hollow, the rotor is placed inside the drive shaft of a disk of a smaller diameter with the possibility of rotating it in the direction opposite to the side of rotation of the shaft, while the additional disk of a smaller diameter is made with an oval surface, and the annular gap between the annular disk and the placed underneath it, an additional disk has a decreasing cross-section as it moves away from their axis of symmetry.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings.

In fig. Figure 1 shows a diagram of an annular jet propulsion device, side sectional view.

In fig. 2 top view of the ring jet propulsion

The annular jet propulsion device contains a ring-shaped disk 1 with an oval surface and an additional disk 2 of smaller diameter installed under it on one axis of symmetry. Additional disk 2 of smaller diameter also has an oval surface shape. An additional disk 2 is installed under an annular disk 1 with an annular gap 3, the cross-section of which decreases as it moves away from their axis of symmetry. The drive shaft 4 is rigidly connected to an additional disk 2 of smaller diameter, and the additional disk 2 of a smaller diameter is rigidly connected to the annular disk 1 by jumpers 5. In the center of the annular disk 1 there is a hole 6 for taking in the working fluid, which can be either air or water. The propulsion unit contains a rotor 7, at the free end of which there is a radial fan 8. The rotor 7 is installed inside a hollow drive shaft 4 with the possibility of their rotation in mutually opposite directions.

The engine works as follows. During the operation of the drive shaft, the mass of the environment is taken into hole 6 of the annular disk.

When the annular disk 1 with an oval surface and an additional disk 2 of smaller diameter with an oval surface placed under it, having an aerodynamic profile similar to an airplane wing, rotate, part of the mass, liquid or other medium in which they are located is carried away by their oval surface of the disk and moves towards the end of the circle disks and due to their rounding profile, a lifting force arises above the surface of the upper disk.

At the same time, due to the friction of the mass on the surface of the annular and additional disks 1, 2 and centrifugal force, the incoming mass of liquid or gases into the annular gap 3 between the disks is accelerated, compressed and thrown out at high speed at the outlet, from it, resulting in the effect of jet thrust.

Due to the high rotation speed, disks 1 and 2 rotate in one direction, the mass of the working fluid flowing around them with acceleration and due to the convexity of their surface is directed to their edges and thrown back.

It was noted that the driving force from the upper annular disk 1 is at the level of 30-35% of the total pressure, that is, the driving force from the jet thrust received between the disks reaches 65-70% of the total pressure received.

At large, high speeds of movement of the disks, heating of the working fluid is possible, and if the working fluid is air, then due to the thermal expansion of the air mass, the effect of reactive pressure, thrust, will increase.

Under certain conditions, if the disks are made, for example, of durable plastic, due to friction, an electrostatic charge can form on the surface of the disks, for example, on the surface of the upper disk there is a negative charge, and between the disks it is positive, the resulting electrostatic interaction of charged particles with each other will also lead to increased acceleration of mass movement

To eliminate the moment of jet thrust, twisting the body of the device itself in the opposite direction from the rotation of the disks, a rotor 7 is placed along the axis of their symmetry in the hollow drive shaft 4, at the end of which a radial fan 8 is installed. The rotor 7 rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation of disks 1 and 2 in addition to creating additional lifting force, blowing of the upper annular aerodynamically shaped wing-disk and pressure in the inter-disk annular gap 3 eliminates the twisting of the propulsion in the flow of the resulting jet stream of the fairings, which, by discarding part of the mass of the jet stream, compensates for the resulting twisting effect.

In the process of modeling the movement process and conducting tests on various models and devices, it was noted that the propulsion unit not only operates silently, but also on the surface of the water (the version of a boat, boat or tug), such large crests and waves do not arise as from the operation of a propeller and, accordingly, there is no such large erosive impact on the banks of the reservoir.

Claims (1)

An annular jet propulsion device containing a ring-shaped disk with an oval surface shape and an additional disk of smaller diameter installed underneath it on the same axis of symmetry with a gap with a drive shaft, characterized in that it additionally contains a rotor, at the free end of which a radial fan is installed, the ring-shaped disk is rigidly connected with an additional disk of a smaller diameter, the drive shaft is made hollow, the rotor is placed inside the drive shaft of a disk of a smaller diameter with the possibility of rotating it in the direction opposite to the side of rotation of the shaft, while the additional disk of a smaller diameter is made with an oval surface, and the annular gap between the annular disk and the placed underneath it, an additional disk has a decreasing cross-section as it moves away from their axis of symmetry.