RU2803590C2 - Method for loading heavy-load objects with accurate positioning at a given point - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed technical solution relates to hydraulic drives, and can be used in lifting mechanisms. A method is proposed to ensure the optimal temperature of the working fluid for loading heavy objects with precise positioning at a given point, in which, when the pumping station of the hydraulic drive is started, the temperature of the working fluid in the tank of the pumping station is controlled using a temperature sensor, when the temperature of the working fluid is below 15°C a signal is given by the control system, and the heaters are turned on, then, with a delay of 5 minutes, the pump starts, after which the working fluid is drained through the safety valve into the hydraulic drive tank. When the working fluid reaches a temperature of 15°C, the distributor for supplying control pressure is turned on and the hydraulic locks are opened, the distributors are switched on to sequentially supply the working fluid to the opposite cavities of the hydraulic cylinders, the safety valve closes and the working fluid enters the hydraulic system through the working cavities of the hydraulic cylinders, and then through the open hydraulic locks, shuttle valves and ball valves it enters the drain pipeline and further into the tank of the pumping station, while the working fluid warms up the colder elements of the hydraulic drive and air is removed from the cavities of the hydraulic drives, the liquids are pumped until the optimum temperature in the tank of the pumping station equal to 19°C, at which the viscosity of the working fluid begins to satisfy the requirements for the operation of proportional distributors. When the optimum temperature is reached, the heaters are turned off, the hydraulic distributor and distributors are brought to a neutral position, the hydraulic locks are closed and the hydraulic actuator is ready to perform work operations. The claimed method of loading due to preliminary operations implemented using a combination of elements to ensure the parameters of the working fluid with optimal ranges and the release of air from the hydraulic system, provides the ability to move heavy objects with precise positioning at a given point, also contributes to additional reliability and longer operation during operation of the device compared to analogues.

EFFECT: ensuring the optimal temperature of the working fluid.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The proposed technical solution relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to hydraulic drives and can be used in lifting mechanisms.

BACKGROUND OF THE ART

It is known that a hydraulic drive is a hydraulic system in which the transfer of energy from a source (usually a pump) to a hydraulic motor (hydraulic motor or hydraulic cylinder) is carried out through a droplet fluid (working fluid). Structurally, the hydraulic drive consists of pumps, control and regulating (temperature sensor, pressure sensor, safety valve, etc.) and distribution (distributor, etc.) equipment, working fluid, a tank (container) for its contents and means (filters , coolers and heaters, etc.), preserving its quality, as well as pipelines and connecting fittings.

The disadvantage of the known hydraulic drives is the lack of elements that collectively provide the parameters of the working fluid with optimal ranges, such as temperature and viscosity, and the release of air from the hydraulic system. Since in the presence or ingress of air and a difference in the temperature of the working fluid in the hydraulic system, a mismatch in the actions of the actuators may occur during the operating operations of the hydraulic drive. That is, in other words, the presence of air in the hydraulic drive and the non-optimal temperature of the working fluid, and as a consequence its non-optimal parameters, such as viscosity, affect the control of the movements of the actuators (hydraulic cylinders or hydraulic motors), for example, during work operations such as lifting/lowering or moving objects, and as a result affect the accuracy of positioning at a given point when moving objects, for example, when loading heavy objects.

For example, the catalog of the proportional distributor of hydraulic systems from Bosch Rexroth AG Hydraulics (4WRE; 4WREE R-RS 29061/11.12R-RS 29061/11.12) is known, in which on page 6 the preferred (optimal) ranges of parameters of the working fluid of the hydraulic system during its operation are indicated, such as:

- viscosity (from 30 to 46 cSt);

- temperature (from +40 to +50°C).

However, optimal ranges of working fluid parameters are difficult to ensure, since the device is operated in various climatic conditions, including low ambient temperatures, which affects the control of the movements of actuators (hydraulic cylinders or hydraulic motors) and affects the positioning accuracy when moving objects. In addition, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of releasing air, the presence of which can lead to inconsistency in the actions of the actuators during operating operations of the hydraulic drive.

The closest prototype of a method for loading heavy objects is the hydraulic drive system of the loading device, described in the operating manual BVKS.05.031.70.00 RE. The hydraulic system includes: a pumping station for the orientation and docking system; pumping station of the loading trolley system; hydraulic cylinders for mechanism drives; hydraulic jacks; hydropanel; plate with proportional distributors (hydraulic boosters) of hydraulic cylinders; pipelines, flexible connections (hoses) and connecting fittings and performs work operations (lowering/ascent and moving) when loading objects, including heavy ones.

The disadvantage of the operation of the described hydraulic drive is the lack of preliminary operations that ensure the parameters of the working fluid with optimal ranges, such as temperature and viscosity, and the release of air from the hydraulic system, which affects the accuracy of positioning at a given point when loading objects.

The objective of the technical solution is to create a method for loading heavy objects while ensuring precise positioning at a given point due to preliminary actions carried out using a set of elements that provide parameters of the working fluid with optimal ranges, such as viscosity and temperature, as well as air release.

DISCLOSURE OF TECHNICAL SOLUTION

In accordance with this technical solution, the above problem is solved due to the fact that:

A method for ensuring the optimal temperature of the working fluid for loading heavy objects with precise positioning at a given point, in which, when starting the hydraulic drive pumping station, the temperature of the working fluid in the tank of the pumping station is monitored using a temperature sensor, when the temperature of the working fluid is below 15°C according to a signal from the control system The heaters are turned on, after that with a delay of 5 minutes, the pump starts, after which the working fluid is drained through the safety valve into the hydraulic drive tank, when the working fluid reaches a temperature of 15 ° C, the distributor is turned on to supply control pressure and the hydraulic locks are opened, the distributors are switched on to sequential supply working fluid into the opposite cavities of the hydraulic cylinders, the safety valve closes and the working fluid enters the hydraulic system, through the working cavities of the hydraulic cylinders, and then through open hydraulic locks, shuttle valves and ball valves it enters the drain pipeline and then into the tank of the pumping station, while the working fluid warms up colder elements of the hydraulic drive and air is removed from the cavities of the hydraulic drives, fluids are pumped until it reaches the optimal temperature of 19 ° C, in the tank of the pumping station, at which the viscosity of the working fluid begins to meet the requirements for the operation of proportional distributors, when the optimal temperature is reached, the heaters, the distributor are turned off and the hydraulic drive distributors are moved to the neutral position, the hydraulic locks are closed and the hydraulic drive is ready to perform work operations.

These features ensure air release and working fluid parameters within optimal ranges, which contributes to additional reliability and longer operation during operation of the device compared to analogues.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In FIG. 1 - shows an example of the implementation of a method for loading heavy objects with precise positioning at a given point, namely a hydraulic drive, which contains a set of elements that provide the parameters of the working fluid with optimal ranges, such as temperature and viscosity, and the release of air from the hydraulic system.

Pos. 1 - hydraulic drive, which includes a pumping station; hydraulic motors for mechanism drives; hydraulic control units; pipelines, flexible connections (hoses) and connecting fittings.

Pos. 2 - a set of elements that ensure optimal parameters of the working fluid and air release, where:

Pos. 2.1 - hydraulic lock, is a hydraulic element for locking the flow of working fluid in one direction and free passage in the opposite direction, and when forced to open, passage in the locked direction.

Pos. 2.2 - shuttle valve, is a hydraulic element that has two inlets and one outlet of the working fluid, ensures the flow of working fluid from the inlet with high pressure, while the second inlet is locked.

Pos. 2.3 - distributor, is a hydraulic element for controlling the flow and direction of flow of the working fluid.

Pos. 2.4 - ball valve, is a manually controlled hydraulic element for free passage of the flow of working fluid or its hermetically sealed locking.

IMPLEMENTATION OF TECHNICAL SOLUTION

Although the present technical solution is described using a specific embodiment as an example, various changes and modifications are possible within the scope of the present technical solution as defined by the formula.

A set of preliminary operations for loading heavy objects with precise positioning at a given point to ensure the optimal temperature of the working fluid, and as a consequence of its viscosity, and releasing air from the hydraulic system is carried out as follows:

When the pumping station of hydraulic drive 1 is started, the temperature of the working fluid in the tank of the pumping station is monitored using a temperature sensor.

When the temperature of the working fluid is below the optimal temperature, for example 15°C, the heaters are turned on by a signal from the control system, after which the pump starts with a delay, for example 5 minutes. From the pump, the working fluid is drained through a safety valve into the hydraulic drive tank 1.

When the set temperature of the working fluid is reached, for example 15°C, a set of elements 2 begins to work, ensuring the optimal temperature of the working fluid and air release. That is, distributor 2.3 is turned on to supply control pressure and hydraulic locks 2.1 are opened; distributors are switched on for sequential supply of working fluid to the opposite cavities of the hydraulic cylinders. The safety valve closes - the working fluid enters the hydraulic system. Through the working cavities of the hydraulic cylinders, and then through open hydraulic locks 2.1, shuttle valves 2.2 and ball valves 2.4, the working fluid enters the drain pipeline and then into the tank of the pumping station. In this case, the working fluid warms up the colder elements of the hydraulic drive 1 and air is removed from the cavities of the hydraulic cylinders. The working fluid is pumped until it reaches the optimal temperature in the tank of the pumping station, at which the viscosity of the working fluid begins to meet the recommended requirements for the operation of proportional distributors, for example, not lower than 19 ° C. When this requirement is reached, the heaters are turned off, distributor 2.3 and hydraulic drive distributors 1 are moved to the neutral position, and hydraulic locks 2.1 are closed. The hydraulic drive is ready to perform work operations.

The claimed loading method, due to preliminary operations, implemented using a set of elements to ensure the parameters of the working fluid with optimal ranges and the release of air from the hydraulic system, provides the ability to move heavy objects with precise positioning at a given point, and also contributes to additional reliability and longer operation during operation of the device compared to analogues.

Claims (1)

A method for ensuring the optimal temperature of the working fluid for loading heavy objects with precise positioning at a given point, in which, when starting the hydraulic drive pumping station, the temperature of the working fluid in the tank of the pumping station is monitored using a temperature sensor, when the temperature of the working fluid is below 15°C according to a signal from the control system the heaters are turned on, after which the pump is started with a delay of 5 minutes, after which the working fluid is drained through the safety valve into the hydraulic drive tank, when the working fluid reaches a temperature of 15°C, the distributor for supplying control pressure is turned on and the hydraulic locks are opened, the distributors are switched on to sequentially supply the working fluid to opposite cavities of the hydraulic cylinders, the safety valve closes and the working fluid enters the hydraulic system, through the working cavities of the hydraulic cylinders, and then through open hydraulic locks, shuttle valves and ball valves it enters the drain pipeline and then into the tank of the pumping station, while the working fluid warms up the colder elements the hydraulic drive and air is removed from the cavities of the hydraulic drives, the fluids are pumped until it reaches the optimal temperature of 19°C in the tank of the pumping station, at which the viscosity of the working fluid begins to meet the requirements for the operation of proportional distributors; when the optimal temperature is reached, the heaters, distributor and distributors are turned off The hydraulic drive is brought to the neutral position, the hydraulic locks are closed and the hydraulic drive is ready to perform work operations.

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