RU2803516C1 - Cylinder-piston group of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: two-stroke internal combustion engines.

SUBSTANCE: cylinder-piston group of an internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder (1) with a groove (2) in its lower part, a block head (7) with an exhaust valve (8), a piston (12) rigidly connected to the rod (13), and a lower removable cover (9). One or more valves (16) are placed coaxially in the piston (12), rigidly connected to spring-loaded pushers (17). The spring-loaded pushers (17) have grooves aligned with the grooves of the rod (13) when pushers (17) and spring-loaded dampers (10) come into contact with the piston (12) in the lower position. The spring-loaded damper (10) is installed in the recess of the removable cover (9) or in the lug of the removable cover (9).

EFFECT: increasing the volume of air when moving it from the lower chamber to the upper chamber.

1 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to use in the design and construction of two-stroke internal combustion engines.

A two-stroke internal combustion engine is known from patent RU 2769610, in which the cylinders are divided by pistons into upper and lower chambers and separated from the crankcase by removable covers with holes for the passage of rods, and in the lower part of the cylinders there are longitudinal and semi-circular grooves connecting the upper and lower chambers.

The disadvantage of this design is the presence of semicircular and longitudinal grooves in the cylinders. This leads to the following: 1 - complicates the manufacture of cylinders, 2 - when the sealing rings with the lock are displaced, it is possible that the lock will get into the semi-circular grooves, which can lead to their failure (to avoid this, it is possible to install lock clamps, which also complicates the design).

According to the proposed invention, two options are presented: the first option is with one valve, the second with several valves to make it possible to increase their total flow area, which will increase the volume of air when moving it from the lower chamber to the upper one.

The objective of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages

The task is achieved by the fact that one or more valves are placed coaxially in the piston, rigidly connected to spring-loaded pushers, having grooves aligned with the grooves of the rod when the pushers and spring-loaded dampers contact in the lower position of the piston, and the spring-loaded damper is installed in the recess of the removable cover, or in tide removable cover.

Fig. 1 - 1st version of the cylinder-piston group;

Fig. 2 - upper part of the rod according to the first option;

Fig. 3 - piston according to the first option;

Fig. 4 - pusher according to the first option;

Fig. 5 - 2nd version of the piston group;

Fig. 6 - piston according to the second option;

Fig. 7 - removable cover according to the second option;

Fig. 8 - pusher according to the second option;

Fig. 9 - cyclogram of the cylinder-piston group.

The cylinder-piston group according to the first option (see Fig. 1-4, 9) contains a cylinder 1 with a groove 2 in its lower part, an upper chamber 3, a lower chamber 4, a hole 5 for air supply, a hole 6 used for turbocharging, and a block head 7 with exhaust valve 8, removable cover 9 with damper 10 and spring 11, piston 12, with rod 13 rigidly attached to it with grooves 14 and slot 15, valve 16 in the central part of piston 12, pusher 17 with grooves 18 and hole 19 for fixing pin 20, spring 21, while piston 12 has a plane - 22, pusher 17 - planes 23 and 24, damper 10 - plane 25.

The cylinder-piston group according to the second option (see Fig. 5-8) contains a cylinder 26 with a rod 27, a block head 28 with an exhaust valve 29, a removable cover 30 with bosses 31 with dampers 32 and springs 33 installed in them, a piston 34 with bosses 35 s grooves 36 and valves 37 located in each of them with springs 38, pushers 39 with grooves 40 and a hole 41 for fixing the pin 42.

Operation of the cylinder-porsh group according to the first option

According to Figs 1-5, 9, when the single-cranked shaft of the internal combustion engine is rotated in the range from 0 to 120° (piston position 1), a working stroke occurs during which the exhaust valve 8 and the piston valve 16 are closed, and air is compressed in the lower chamber 4; in the range from 120° to 140°, the exhaust valve 8 begins to open, and the plane 23 of the pusher 17 begins to contact the plane 25 of the damper 10 and due to the increased stiffness of the spring 11 of the damper 10 compared to the spring 21 of the pusher 17, the piston valve 16 begins to open and is compressed air from the lower chamber 4 moves to the upper 3 and displaces burnt gases into the atmosphere, in the range from 120° to 140° (piston position 2), the plane 24 of the pusher 17 begins to contact the plane 22 of the piston 12, thereby limiting the further movement of the valve 16, the value which subsequently does not change until the rotation angle of the single-cranked shaft reaches 210°, then the burnt gases are completely displaced in the range from 140° to 180° (piston position 3), valve 16 is open and damper 10 moves to the lowest position, and the process of gas displacement continues, at 180°, exhaust valve 8 closes, if necessary, turbocharging is turned on, creating increased pressure in the lower 4 and upper 3 chambers, which will increase the power of the internal combustion engine or at least not reduce it when the internal combustion engine is operating in a rarefied atmosphere; the turbocharging is turned off at a rotation angle of 220 °; in the range from 220° to 360°, with the exhaust valve 8 and valve 16 closed, air compression occurs, followed by fuel injection. Subsequently, the cycle repeats.

According to the second option, the processes are similar to the first with the only difference being an increased number of valves.

This design can find application in the automotive industry, driving electric generators, pumps, and unmanned aerial vehicles.

Claims (1)

A cylinder-piston group of an internal combustion engine containing a cylinder with a groove in its lower part, a block head with an exhaust valve, a piston rigidly connected to the rod, and a lower removable cover, characterized in that the piston contains one or more valves, rigidly connected to it, coaxially spring-loaded pushers having grooves aligned with the grooves of the rod when the pushers and spring-loaded dampers come into contact in the lower position of the piston, and the spring-loaded damper is installed in the recess of the removable cover or in the boss of the removable cover.